捕捉希望 值得冒险
驱使年轻人离开
作者：本·哈巴德 (BEN HUBBARD) 以及 艾达·阿拉米 (AIDA ALAMI)
摩洛哥，F NIDEQ —— 上周三，摩洛哥国王穆罕默德六世在向国民发表讲话，纪念其登基 27 周年时，他对这个北非国家的未来表达了希望。他说，摩洛哥安全且稳定，经济不断增长，在旅游、投资和制造业方面取得了长足进步。“这是我们国家发展的关键时刻，”这位 62 岁的君主表示，“这是一个信心和乐观应当战胜绝望和沮丧的时刻。”然而，在接下来的两天里，成千上万的公民试图逃离该国。由于对在摩洛哥的前景感到黯淡，他们冒着与警察冲突的风险，在海中进行危险的游泳，以抵达西班牙领土塞塔，希望能过上更好的生活。“我尝试过工作，想找一份职业来维持生计，但这里对我来说没有任何机会，”21 岁的建筑工人穆罕默德·基纳尼 (Mohammed Kinani) 说道，他此前被强制遣返回摩洛哥。“如果我不离开这个国家，没有任何东西能救我。”基纳尼是周四开始的一场突然大迁徙的一部分，当时 50,000 到 60,000 名移民开始强行进入塞塔，这是北非海岸上的一个西班牙微型领土。到周六，许多移民因缺乏食物和水而离开，西班牙安全部队驱逐了其他人，但在此之前，这场危机已为欧洲各地的极右翼政治人物提供了新的口实，用以抨击对手在移民问题上的观点。西班牙当局周日表示，他们在危机期间记录到了 72 例死亡。摩洛哥政府报告了 11 例死亡。双方均表示，大多数死亡原因是溺水。在边境出现惊人的混乱景象之前，摩洛哥政府有许多值得庆祝的成就：物流和工业投资，共同举办 2030 年男子世界杯的准备工作，以及与总统的强有力关系。
关于是否应降低基调
芝加哥 —— 当美国民主社会党的一位领导人最近出现在《福克斯新闻周日》节目中，并热情地肯定该组织的纲领——包括取消美国参议院和致力于废除监狱等目标时——
JAMIE KELTER DAVIS 为《纽约时报》绘制
美国民主社会党内部有些人乐于推动许多美国人认为激进的立场。
国际 A4-11 亚洲孤独的旅游胜地
伊朗认为自己占据上风
周日，在多达 60,000 人进入与该国接壤的西班牙领土塞塔后，移民返回摩洛哥。
极地舰队 非招标交易
本文作者为 Christopher Flavelle, Andrea Fuller 和 Nicho- las Nehamas。
去年 8 月的一个深夜，芬兰总统 亚历山大·斯图布正在位于赫尔辛基以西 两小时车程的夏季住所时，电话响了。 电话那边是特朗普总统，他打来电话 提出一个请求。他想购买一支旨在破开 北极冰层的大型船队。
特朗普先生长期以来一直痴迷于这些 被称为极地破冰船的庞大船只。他认为 这些船对于主导北极至关重要，因为 气温升高使得关键航道和巨大的矿产 财富成为了可以争夺的目标。而且， 他对美国拥有的破冰船数量远少于 俄罗斯感到愤怒。
两个月后，特朗普先生和斯图布先生 在椭圆形办公室内坐在一起，宣布了 一项 11 艘破冰船的交易，价值近 70 亿美元 十亿，将由两国的造船厂共同建造。
这一安排极不寻常
作者：KELLEN BROWNING
……——民主党战略家们焦虑不安，而 共和党人则垂涎三尺。
双方预测，承认此类目标可能会在 期中选举中阻碍进步派候选人，并使 其他民主党人被贴上极端主义的标签。
在周末于芝加哥举行的 D.S.A. 全国 峰会上，许多看过福克斯新闻采访的 民主社会主义者感受到了不同的情绪： 自豪。
“你必须不断地推动并主张那些人们 尚未意识到的事情，直到他们意识到 为止，”来自西雅图的 D.S.A. 领导人 Chanpreet Singh 说道。
作为该国最大的社会主义组织，该组织的 数百名成员在政治影响力激增的时刻 聚集在芝加哥，有些人穿着鲜红色的 衬衫，与他们的“同志”交换罢工技巧。
体育 B6-10 习惯于 N.F.L. 的重大挑战
夏令时的真实成本
阿拉斯加的冲浪，兴起且危险
每年 90 亿美元 十亿的预计支出 远超马姆达尼的数字
根据周一发布的一份报告，市长佐兰· 马姆达尼为所有 5 岁以下纽约市儿童 建立免费儿童照护系统的愿景，其 成本可能远高于他的估计。
由纽约市事务中心（一家隶属于新学校 的非党派研究机构）开发的一个新模型 估计，拟议的计划每年将花费 90 亿美元 十亿， 平均每个孩子的成本约为 $27,000。
这比该市在 2025 年在儿童照护上的支出 多出约 50 亿美元 十亿。
市议会尚未发布自己的成本模型。 马姆达尼先生在竞选时表示，他认为这……
一份来自纽约市事务中心的报告可能会使市长雄心勃勃的计划复杂化。
作者：REID J. EPSTEIN 与 SAM EASTER 左翼与中间派之间的紧张博弈
民主党最激烈、最昂贵的参议院初选将于周二在密歇根州达到顶峰。这里是一个关键的中期选举战场，一名激进的进步派正试图击败一名由建制派支持的温和派，这场竞争相当于一次关于该党未来的全民公投。
海莉·斯蒂文斯（Haley Stevens）众议员与前公共卫生官员阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德（Abdul El-Sayed）博士之间的这场竞选，充满了关于以色列问题、如何对抗特朗普（Trump）总统及共和党（G.O.P.），以及什么样的候选人更具胜算等方面的紧张情绪。其结果将影响11月争夺参议院控制权的战斗，并可能产生延伸至下次总统竞选的影响。
虽然上个月进行的民调显示竞争情况尚不确定，但近期几项公开调查显示埃尔-赛义德博士领先，且在选民准备做出选择之际，他越来越多地被民主党人视为热门人选。在最后的冲刺阶段，候选人们对彼此的评价极其尖锐。而他们的支持者则更为激烈。
“是威胁，是丑陋，”密歇根州民主党众议员黛比·丁格尔（Debbie Dingell）说道。
AI 快速创作一首民谣
若要建立一个针对 6 周大及以上儿童的免费通用托儿系统（无论家庭收入如何），每年将花费约 60 亿美元 billion。该市目前为 3 岁和 4 岁儿童提供免费学前教育，并将从今年秋季开始为 2 岁儿童提供有限的席位。市长利用 60 亿美元 billion 这个数字来论证，州政府需要提高纽约市最高收入者的税收，以支付更多席位的费用。
免费托儿服务是马姆达尼（Mamdani）先生推动扩大城市安全网计划中迄今为止最雄心勃勃、最复杂且最昂贵的一部分。新的预测强调，在全市家庭都将托儿费用的飙升视为难以负担纽约生活的首要原因之际，要筹集资金来资助他计划中的哪怕一部分，可能会多么困难。
但该中心的研究表明，如果不能从州政府或联邦政府（或两者）获得数十亿美元的新收入，马姆达尼先生几乎不可能兑现其承诺。该中心经济与财政政策工作负责人兼报告作者之一的劳伦·梅洛迪亚（Lauren Melodia）地说道。
大约 30 亿美元 billion 的缺口……
反对者获得妥协， 为总检察长确认 铺平道路
作者：DEVLIN BARRETT
华盛顿 —— 代理总检察长托德·布兰奇发布了两份文件，缩小或取消了旨在解决特朗普总统起诉美国国税局相关协议的部分内容，这满足了两名共和党反对者的要求。北卡罗来纳州参议员汤姆·蒂利斯（Thom Tillis）和德克萨斯州参议员约翰·科宁（John Cornyn）此前表示，除非布兰奇先生书面承诺放弃一项将 18 亿美元 billion 纳税人资金输送给总统盟友的基金，并对计划中为特朗普先生及其核心圈成员提供广泛美国国税局审计保护的部分设定更严格的限制，否则将拒绝支持布兰奇先生的提名。然而，批评者表示，这些书面保证是对政治问题的政治解决方案，而非具有法律约束力的文件。“此案从一开始就公然违法，他们显然在尝试寻找一种政治出路，以便在不放弃其实际执行这一非法和解协议之法律权利的情况下，让总检察长获得确认，”民主党前新泽西州总检察长马修·普拉特金（Matthew Platkin）说道。他目前从事私人执业，代表多名就该基金提起诉讼的人士。司法部未回应置评请求。数周以来，布兰奇先生一直拒绝将其在立法者面前的证词写成书面文件，即关于特朗普先生的基金确实已终止，或者税务保护的适用范围比其最初命令中的措辞更窄。但周日晚上，政府最终让步。布兰奇先生发布的两份文件之一指出，创建该基金的命令“已被撤销且不再具有任何效力”。第二份文件限制了一项为特朗普先生、其亲属及“相关或附属个人”提供广泛税务审计保护的条款。布兰奇先生的新书面命令称，该条款仅涵盖总统、他的 2 个儿子及其公司，且“仅追溯适用”。蒂利斯先生和科宁先生在一份声明中表示，这些文件缓解了他们的担忧，结束了导致布兰奇先生确认程序停滞数日的党内僵局。这两位参议员补充说，他们认为该部门已“在具有约束力的书面命令中承认”审计保护是有限的，“解决了多位共和党同事共同担心的具体问题”。
在参议院初选中保持中立的人。 “你必须担心安全问题。你不知道谁会试图干扰。现在的局面非常可怕。” 在最近一次接受 MuslimGirl.com 创始人 Amani Al-Khatahtbeh 的采访中，埃尔-赛义德博士称斯蒂文斯女士是“美国最没能力的候选人”。斯蒂文斯女士在社交媒体上的部分回应称：“全美国的人都知道你想把你所有的问题都归咎于……”
SpaceX 可能会更加坎坷
A.G. SULZBERGER 发行人
创建于 1851 年
ADOLPH S. OCHS 发行人 1896-1935
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER 发行人 1935-1961
ORVIL E. DRYFOOS 发行人 1961-1963
新闻
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CAROLYN RYAN
SAM DOLNICK 副执行主编
MONICA DRAKE 副执行主编
STEVE DUENES
MATTHEW ERICSON 助理执行主编
JONATHAN GALINSKY 助理执行主编
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布兰奇就特朗普与美国国税局的协议向共和党参议员提供书面保证 在周日晚上公开的文件中，代理总检察长兼特朗普前私人律师托德·布兰奇表示，司法部已放弃建立 18 亿美元 billion “反武器化基金”的计划，并明确了美国国税局与总统之间一项结算协议的条款。此前威胁要否决布兰奇总检察长提名两名共和党参议员——来自德克萨斯州的约翰·科宁和来自北卡罗来纳州的汤姆·蒂利斯，随后于周一宣布将支持其提名。超过 1,200 名读者发表了评论。
民主党 2024 年败选分析报告作者称党内删节关键章节 民主党 2024 年总统竞选败选分析报告的作者保罗·里维拉向《纽约时报》提供了一个他称被从文档中删除的章节。民主全国委员会负责人否认曾收到过该章节。
爱莉安娜·格兰德将在巡演结束后淡出公众生活 该歌手的一位发言人在周日表示，爱莉安娜·格兰德在下月 Eternal Sunshine 巡演结束后“将减少公众露面”。这位流行巨星因体重减轻而受到审视，其相关照片出现在小报和社交媒体上。
纽约市最佳服装店 时尚专栏关于纽约最佳购物指南涵盖了 SoHo 区的时尚店和布鲁克林的古着店，同时也包括了一家诚恳的体育用品店和 Nordstrom。这份包含 25 家店铺的清单是根据库存、策展、所有权、客户服务、氛围、地理位置和最终收获等标准制定的。
……去年是他在首任第一年报告收入的三倍多。 这是新产生的收入——而不是他的净资产。 特朗普的财务披露并未精准地告诉我们他究竟价值多少。但一名总统在入主椭圆形办公室期间创造了数十亿美元的收入，这在以往是闻所未闻的。
你是一名调查记者。为了找到这个数字，你挖掘得有多深？换句话说——这个数字是特朗普一直秘而不宣的，还是他公开披露的？
实际上是公开的。特朗普财富的许多方面（例如他的纳税申报单）一直是秘密。但特朗普与之前的总统一样，被要求每年向政府伦理办公室提交一份表格，披露他从商业投资中赚了多少钱。 缺点是这出现在一份 900 页的文件中，大多数人并不愿意坐下来阅读。幸运的是，在计算机程序的帮助下，我能够提取这些数据并将其放入一个我可以分析的电子表格中。
请告诉我们更多关于你发现的内容。在所有这些数据中是否隐藏着什么惊喜？
他去年赚到钱的准确规模直到现在还是个谜。例如，我们之前报道他及其合伙人通过其模因币（memecoin）赚了至少 $320 million。新文件告诉我们，他实际上获得了高达 $636 million 的收入。（模因币在技术上是加密货币，但更像是一种收藏品——通常无法消费。） 这些文件还首次告诉我们，他从其家族加密公司 World Liberty Financial 与一家与阿拉伯联合大公国政府相关的公司之间的交易中赚了多少钱。（那超过了 $200 million。） 有趣的是，大部分收入增长来自加密货币等新风险投资。令人惊讶的是，在考虑通货膨胀后，他从国内高尔夫和房地产业务中赚到的钱自 2017, 年以来仅增长了约 4%。对于一个一直被视为房地产大亨的人来说，这部分收入现在在加密货币交易收益面前显得微不足道。
法律后果是一回事，选票则是另一回事。我们知道这打破了其他总统设定的规范。但我们是否知道选民是否在意？
August 4, 1923。据《时报》报道，在总统沃伦·G·哈定于旧金山突然去世几个小时后的前一天清晨，卡尔文·库利奇宣誓就任美国第 30 任总统。库利奇的父亲约翰·库利奇在佛蒙特州普利茅斯的家族农场里，在煤油灯微弱的光线下为其主持了就职宣誓。《时报》写道：“这是共和国历史上首次由父亲任命其子为国家最高行政长官。”作为总统，库利奇普遍受到欢迎，在 1924 年轻松赢得连任，并主持了强劲的经济增长；但在就任总统四年后，他意外宣布 1928 年将不再参选。
ELIZABETH FRANTZ 为《纽约时报》撰稿
趣闻事实
根据 10 月的一项 AP-NORC 调查，只有 12% 的美国人表示他们希望继续在一年中两次根据夏令时调整时钟。
让阳光照进来。但什么时候？D1
人工智能正帮助人们在数小时内创作 corridos —— 这是一种传统的墨西哥民间叙事诗，几代以来一直帮助墨西哥及墨西哥裔美国人社区以自己的方式理解暴力、不公正和损失。
在人工智能的速度下，一名被 ICE 杀害的男子成为了民谣 A14
在欧洲，家庭和企业广泛用于锅炉和加热炉的天然气存储设施仅填充至 54%。这是自 2011 年以来夏季最低的第二水平。
欧洲今冬面临能源高价 B1
Amy Schumer 是唯一一位曾在麦迪逊广场花园作为领衔主演进行单口喜剧表演的女喜剧演员。
在女权主义单口喜剧中，她脱颖而出 C1
柬埔寨旅游官员表示，今年前三个月的国际入境人数比去年同期下降了 45%。
亚洲旅游热点缺失一个关键要素：欧洲人 A4
越来越多的证据表明，预防带状疱疹的疫苗也能预防痴呆症，可将认知能力下降的风险降低约 20%。
明智的中年选择改善迈向老年之路 D7
民主党最近报告的债务超过 $2 million，而共和党全国委员会在银行中拥有 $128.5 million。
2024 年剖析报告作者称民主党遗漏了章节 A20
迷你填字游戏
1 2 3 4 5
8 / 4 / 2026 作者：JOEL FAGLIANO
横向
1 坚持不懈地努力
6 A / V 中的 “A”
7 垃圾桶旁的蜂鸣器
8 在《居家之宝》中，总是遮住 Wilson 脸的是什么
9 外部边界
纵向
1 政治家的失误
2 极其出色
3 酒吧保安整晚在做什么
4 侄子的姐妹
5 疫苗单位
读者之窗 呼吁：您的欧洲之旅是否受到了热浪或野火的影响？
周一，一架直升机在雅典西部的 Nea Peramos 附近扑灭野火。
随着法国、西班牙、希腊等地野火肆虐，以及几波毁灭性的热浪影响巴黎和伦敦等大城市，欧洲正经历一个清算的夏天。一些旅行者在质疑，是否应该彻底放弃西欧的夏季之旅。您的旅行计划是否受到了热浪或火灾的影响？如果是，我们希望听到您的心声。
我们的收件箱 《纽约时报》时事通讯摘录
上个月是美国恢复死刑 50 周年。非营利新闻组织 The Marshall Project 的记者 Maurice Chammah 最近与《时报》的 Serial 团队合作制作了一个名为“最后 12 周”的播客，重点关注一群律师阻止其客户被执行死刑的努力。在《The World》栏目中，Katrin Bennhold 就该播客以及美国对死刑异常的坚持与 Chammah 先生进行了交谈。以下是编辑后的摘录。
是否还有其他仍保留死刑的民主国家？
未来的趋势如何？在当前民粹主义和威权主义复兴的时刻，我们是否应该预期死刑也会复兴？
在 nytimes.com / newsletters 订阅 The World。
帮帮我 双番茄意面沙拉食谱
为了获得全方位的番茄风味，这款意面沙拉将新鲜番茄与日晒番茄相结合。日晒番茄油和盐渍番茄释放的水分充当了内置酱汁。坚果和香草增加了脆爽感和清新感，但您可以在上桌前随意添加更多装饰，例如马苏里拉奶酪或刨花帕玛森奶酪。ALI SLAGLE
时间：35 分钟，另加冷却时间
份量：4 到 6 人份
1 (7- 至 8- 盎司) 罐装油浸日晒番茄 1½ 杯生松子、核桃、榛子或杏仁，粗略切碎 ¼ 杯特级初榨橄榄油 2 瓣大蒜，细末研磨 犹太盐（如 Diamond Crystal） 现磨黑胡椒 1 磅长形或螺旋形面条，如细面 (linguine) 或螺旋面 (fusilli) 2 磅熟透的番茄 柠檬汁或红葡萄酒醋，适量 2 杯撕碎的罗勒、薄荷、莳萝或芝麻菜叶，或多种组合
是的，但这极其罕见，而且在实行死刑的民主国家中，美国执行的数量最多。这绝对是与威权政体联系更紧密的东西。那些国家的执行数量远超美国。去年，美国有 47 人被执行死刑。相比之下，沙特阿拉伯执行了 356 人，伊朗则超过 1,000 人。
这是可能的。大赦国际去年发布的一份报告将所谓的威权主义抬头与死刑的使用联系在一起。威权主义和民粹主义并非同一回事。但我们看到这两者在世界范围内都在上升。特朗普一直试图加大联邦死刑的使用力度。我们还看到各种不同的实验性执行方法的回归，例如行刑队。在以色列，议会 (Knesset) 今年早些时候通过了一项法律，允许对从事危害以色列国家犯罪的人执行死刑——换句话说，这是一项预计仅适用于巴勒斯坦人的法律。 但实际上，总体而言，长期趋势是在下降的。在美国，被判死刑的人数自 20 世纪 90 年代达到顶峰后一直在下降。陪审团似乎对判处死刑的兴趣降低了。检察官寻求死刑的频率也降低了。公众的胃口实际上不再像以前那样强烈。
SAKURA TAMAGAWA
告诉我们：如果您取消了欧洲之行，您原计划去哪里？是什么说服您改变计划的？如果您不顾高温和火灾依然出行，这些情况如何影响了您的旅程？
如需分享您的回答，请填写 nytimes.com / readers 的表格。在事先联系您之前，我们不会公布您的回答。
在水烧开的过程中，将熟透的番茄粗略切碎。加入日晒番茄混合物中，加入 1 茶匙盐调味并搅拌均匀。（番茄混合物可提前最多 2 小时准备。）
将沥干的面条加入番茄混合物中并搅拌均匀。静置至室温，约 15 分钟或最多 2 小时。冷藏条件下，意面沙拉可保存最多 3 天。
食用前，品尝意面沙拉。如果味道较淡，加入盐和柠檬汁或红葡萄酒醋。如果太甜，加入黑胡椒和柠檬汁或红葡萄酒醋。拌入绿叶蔬菜即可食用。
LOUISA GOULIAMAKI / 路透社
RYAN LIEBE 为《纽约时报》供稿 食物造型师：BARRETT WASHNURNE
每一天的应用程序。
下载《纽约时报》应用程序。
Rungrat Huailek 表示，随着欧洲游客的离去，攀牙省的居民正在削减非必要开支。 亚洲旅游胜地缺失了一个关键要素：欧洲人
在泰国攀牙省 Surakul 码头工作的 Channipha Laklaem 表示，自战争开始以来，游客人数大幅下降。
导致新冠疫情以来 最大规模的混乱
作者：JOHN YOON 与 MUKTITA SUHARTONO
Khon Mony 通常每周会驾驶他的嘟嘟车，接送至少四组游客前往柬埔寨吴哥窟的古老石塔。但在整个 5 月，他没有接到一个顾客。他将其归咎于 3,000 英里外中东地区正肆虐的战争。自美国和以色列在 2 月下旬袭击伊朗以来，机票价格飙升——部分航线价格翻倍——且战斗多次地干扰了迪拜和多哈这两个商业航空枢纽的航班。虽然由于区域内旅游业的存在，柬埔寨、印度尼西亚和泰国的旅游业在很大程度上具有韧性，但一些依赖欧洲游客的城镇和城市则遭受了损失。旅游业官员表示，近几个月来，许多欧洲游客取消了前往这些热门景点的旅行，转而选择在离家更近的地方度假。
这给 30 岁的 Khon 先生带来了巨大的经济困难。他说，每次为 7 个月大的宝宝准备奶粉时，他只用一勺奶粉，而不是建议的两勺半，这样可以将一罐奶粉的使用时间从 10 天延长到三周。“我担心我的女儿不够健康，因为我不能像以前那样给她足够的奶，”Khon 先生说道，此时他正望向柬埔寨主要旅游枢纽暹粒的一条安静街道。
旅游业官员表示，这场战争带来的影响是自新冠疫情以来，对东南亚至关重要的旅游业最剧烈的干扰。旅游官员称，在柬埔寨，今年前三个月的国际入境人数比去年同期下降了 45 Percent。Khon 先生说，他以前接送游客平均每天赚 82,000 柬埔寨瑞尔，约 20 美元。现在这笔收入已降至每天不足 5 美元。
暹粒吴哥国际机场的企业削减了工作时间。25 岁的 Lam Lan 是一家机场餐厅的厨师，他说自 3 月以来，他的排班从每月 30 天被削减到 20 天左右。他的月收入从 250 美元降至不足 150 美元。Lam 先生说，在扣除汽油成本和债务偿还后，在他妻子怀第二个孩子期间，他的钱仅够给 1 岁的女儿买豆奶。“我担心我的第二个孩子，因为我没有为他的出生攒钱，”Lan 先生说。
Chrun Kimseng 现年 59 岁，一名为西班牙语游客导览吴哥窟超过 30 年的导游，他说他的收入比伊朗战争开始前减少了 35 Percent。为了弥补损失，他开始种蔬菜和养鸡以降低食物开支。“我现在Income仅够生存，”他说。
在邻国泰国的攀牙省，出现了类似的危机。当地官员表示，自战争开始以来，那里的酒店预订量下降了约 50 Percent。在苏拉库尔码头（Surakul Pier）——前往詹姆斯·邦德电影中出现过的考屏干岛（Koh Khao Phing Kan）游船的主要门户——经济损失清晰可见。曾经每天有成群的微型巴士和长尾船载着数千名游客，而现在数十艘船只闲置，在停泊处静静地摇晃。
“我不知道我们还能撑多久，”46 岁的 Channipha Laklaem 说道，她的工作是收取码头 10 泰铢（约 0.30 美元）的船费。她说，自战争开始以来，几乎没有行程可以收取费用。她表示，她的丈夫一名从事船业 16 年的经营者，自 4 月以来就没有任何顾客。现在这个家庭完全依赖她每月 243 美元的工资。她说，每天傍晚在回家路上，她都会在路边停下来
回家采集野生海棠叶和melinjo果实，为丈夫和两个孩子煮成简单的汤。“我们以前周末会带孩子出去娱乐。我们以前会出去吃饭，”Channipha女士说。“现在不再这样了。那是我们负担不起的奢侈。”在攀牙经营船游 30 年的Rungrat Huailek，53 岁，表示
暹粒吴哥窟寺庙群堤道上的游客。第一季度进入柬埔寨的国际游客人数下降了 45 Percent。
在吴哥窟寺庙群外等待乘客的突突车司机。其中一名司机Khon Mony在五月份一个顾客也没有。
一名工人在暹粒的一家水疗中心前放置服务折扣牌，暹粒是柬埔寨的主要旅游枢纽。
泰国考拉克一个几乎空无一人的海滩。近几个月来，许多欧洲游客取消了行程，转而选择在离家更近的地方度假。
摄影：LAUREN DeCICCA 为《纽约时报》拍摄
来自澳大利亚和中国的旅行者。 但专门服务于欧洲游客的当地旅游运营商表示，他们对接下来的几个月感到担忧。 巴厘岛省长Wayan Koster表示，伊朗战争减少了经由中东旅游枢纽抵达该岛的欧洲游客数量。该岛旅游局协会主席Putu Winastra表示，由于预计今年预订量将下降 45 Percent，他已经冻结了公司的工资。 Winastra先生说，巴厘岛的旅游官员已经启动了一项紧急计划，在其他地方寻找新客户，向澳大利亚、中国、新加坡和韩国派遣销售代表团。印度尼西亚政府还免除了国内经济舱机票的税收，以鼓励印度尼西亚人在国内度假。 在战争没有明显结束迹象的情况下，旅游从业者在通过随机应变来生存。攀牙的一些船业经营者已重新开始捕鱼或从事农活。在附近的泰国度假小镇考拉克，41 岁的美甲师Nantipa Yamsantia说，她已经开始接受训练成为一名按摩师。 在暹粒，Khon先生每天早上仍然出现在出租车停靠站，等待极少出现的乘客。他曾是一名厨房帮工，目前正在考虑是否完全放弃他的突突车去寻找餐厅工作，尽管当地餐馆也在缩减员工工作时间。 目前，他在削减自己的饮食，以便能给女儿多分一点粥。 “我别无选择，”他说。
前总统波菲利奥·洛博在洪都拉斯也曾被指控贪腐，但上个月赢得了案件的驳回。
前领导人将在 洪都拉斯面对正义
作者：JOAN SUAZO 和 EMILIANO RODRÍGUEZ MEGA
洪都拉斯，特古西加尔帕 —— 就在八个月前，胡安·奥兰多·埃尔南德斯刚开始在西弗吉尼亚州的一座联邦监狱中执行 45 年的监禁，罪名是广泛的贩毒和武器指控。现在，埃尔南德斯先生已回到故土，在自己的国家面对正义。这位前洪都拉斯总统于 2022 年被引渡到美国，此前他被指控将自己的国家运营为“毒品国家”，并声称要通过向美国倾销可卡因来“将毒品直接塞进美国佬的鼻子底”。两年前，他被美国联邦法院判定有罪。但在其家人和右翼政治操盘手的游说下，特朗普总统在 11 月赦免了他。在刚过一周前返回故土时，曾在 2014 到 2022 年期间领导该国的埃尔南德斯先生对一群欢呼的支持者说：“今天我回到了我的祖国。我回来是为了成为另一个建设、提升和统一的洪都拉斯人——无论是在我的党内还是党外。”然而，他的回归开启了一场新的法律斗争。尽管他的美国定罪记录已被抹除，且在洪都拉斯针对他的逮捕令被暂停后才推迟回国，但埃尔南德斯先生仍然是洪都拉斯一项名为“潘多拉案”的巨大贪污调查的目标。该调查的核心是一个由立法者和高级政客组成的网络，据称他们从 2010 到 2013 年期间挪用了本用于社会计划、农业和减贫的公共资金。洪都拉斯检方表示，他们随后将这些资金转入私人基金会，用于资助政治竞选——包括埃尔南德斯先生在 2013 年成功的总统竞选。他一直坚称针对他的指控具有政治动机。以下是在埃尔南德斯先生重新回到聚光灯下接受洪都拉斯司法审判时，需要了解的相关信息。
Annie Correal 参与了报道。
作者：ALAN YUHAS
在亚马逊西南部上空飞行时，考古学家发现了数百个刻在地面上的古代巨型设计，这些设计暗示在西班牙和葡萄牙殖民者抵达前一千年，雨林中就存在复杂的社会。
本周发表在《自然》（Nature）杂志上的研究显示，在森林冠层之下存在圆形、正方形和其他几何图形，其中一些还设有连接道路，总共发现了近 400 个此前不为人知的土方工程。其中许多是考古学家所称的“地画”（geoglyphs），其年代在公元前 600 年至公元 850 年之间。所有这些发现都增加了相关证据，反驳了将亚马逊地区描述为在 15 世纪欧洲人到达前基本未经触动的广袤之地的观点。
为了观察玻利维亚、巴西和秘鲁边境附近茂密的冠层下方，研究人员使用了一种名为 lidar（激光雷达）的激光扫描技术——这是 light detection and ranging 的缩写。全球各地的考古学家和其他学者一直使用该技术来绘制肉眼不可见遗址的地图。
这些由堤坝、土丘和壕沟构成的地画大小不一。大多数占地七英亩，其中许多带有 30 英尺宽、15 英尺深的沟渠。最大的图形占地超过 120 英亩。
“这是一项重要且极具雄心的研究，基于该地区异常广泛的激光雷达覆盖，揭示了哥伦布之前时期惊人的规模……”
DANIELE VOLPE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
美国法院判定他犯有何罪？
在赫尔南德斯先生于 2022 年结束其第二个总统任期不到三周后，美国当局请求洪都拉斯新成立的左翼政府将其逮捕并引渡。
不久后，精锐警察部队包围了他在首都特古西加尔帕的住所，他被戴上手铐空运至美国。
在 2024, 一家纽约联邦法院判定赫尔南德斯先生犯有罪名，理由是他将洪都拉斯用作 400 吨发往美国的古柯碱的主要中转枢纽，并授权使用机关枪和榴弹发射器来保护一个毒品贩运贸易中心。
在法庭上，法官 P. Kevin Castel 称赫尔南德斯先生为一名“渴求权力的两面政治家”，他伪装成禁毒战士，同时秘密与贩毒者合作。在被判刑之前，赫尔南德斯先生坚持认为自己是政治迫害的目标。
“就像我被绑住双手扔进了一条深河，”他说道。
美国检察官还表示，赫尔南德斯先生从犯罪分子手中获得了“数百万美元的毒资”，其中包括来自臭名昭著的墨西哥毒枭 Joaquín Guzmán Loera（被称为 El Chapo）的资金。
他为什么被赦免？
像 Roger J. Stone Jr. 这样的保守派人士接手了赫尔南德斯先生的诉求，Stone 本人在 2020. 被特朗普先生赦免。作为特朗普先生的长期朋友和盟友，Stone 承认去年亲自向白宫递交了赦免请求，并辩称政治左翼错误地陷害了赫尔南德斯先生。
尽管对赫尔南德斯先生与毒贩关系的调查主要发生在特朗普先生的第一任期内，但白宫表示他被“陷害”并成为目标，是因为“他反对”拜登政府的价值观。
“几乎没有提交任何独立证据，”该先生表示。
在亚马逊雨林中发现的数百个地画中包括圆形、正方形和几何图形。右图为巴西阿克里州一个土方工程的激光雷达图像。这些遗址增加了相关证据，证明在哥伦布之前，亚马逊盆地人口稠密。
“亚马逊西南部地貌的改造，”埃克塞特大学的考古学家何塞·伊里亚特（José Iriarte）表示，他未参与这项研究。 他表示，进一步的挖掘对于研究这些地画至关重要，因为它们在许多方面仍然充满神秘感，包括“它们是如何被使用的，以及它们是否与居住、仪式或其他活动相关。” 研究人员部分参考了来自阿普里纳（Apurinã）民族（生活在土方工程区域中心的原住民群体）的口述记载，认为这些设计可能具有多种用途。 “我们非常确定，这些场所被用于庆典、政治场合、仪式、舞蹈、音乐，以及像球类比赛之类的竞争，”首席作者、赫尔辛基大学荣休教授马尔蒂·帕西宁（Martti Pärssinen）说道。 研究人员将这些结构归功于一个他们称为 Aquiry 的古代社会，帕西宁博士将其描述为一个“拥有共同宇宙观”的多文化、多语言群体，这种宇宙观体现在这些仪式中心中。 “还没有人完全弄清楚”这些地画的确切用途或含义，它们可能具有与天文学相关的形态，伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校的人类学教授安娜·罗斯福特（Anna Roosevelt）表示，她不在该研究团队中。 帕西宁博士表示，考古学家尚未发现任何证据
MARTTI PÄRSSINEN
MARTTI PÄRSSINEN 和 FABIO DE NOVAES
特朗普的新闻秘书卡罗琳·莱维特（Karoline Leavitt）在 12 月的赦免后告诉记者，并补充说，埃尔南德斯先生的定罪在很大程度上依赖于寻求减刑的“承认犯罪之徒”的证词。 特朗普先生的赦免还恰逢他背书一名来自埃尔南德斯先生政党的右翼总统候选人纳斯里·阿斯富拉（Nasry Asfura），后者在去年的选举中获胜。
他在国内面临什么指控？
洪都拉斯检察官对埃尔南德斯先生提出了欺诈和洗钱指控，指控他在领导国民议会期间，挪用了约 $2.4 百万的公共资金（包括来自农业部的资金），用于资助其 2013 年的总统竞选。 据称，这笔资金通过两家非营利组织进行洗钱，以掩盖其公共资金来源，然后被注入他的竞选活动中。 12 月，洪都拉斯总检察长发布了国际逮捕令并请求国际刑警组织发布红色通缉令以拘捕埃尔南德斯先生。但 6 月，在该国司法机构接受其自愿投案请求后，这两者均被暂停。
洪都拉斯人如何看待他的回归？
埃尔南德斯先生抵达洪都拉斯引发了公众舆论的分裂。 上周，由耶稣会人权中心 ERIC-SJ 开展的一项全国性调查发现，52 percent 的参与者反对他的回归。 但 46 percent 支持回归。 对于支持者来说，埃尔南德斯先生是政治迫害的受害者，他的归国被视为彻底的平反。对于批评者来说，他仍然是国家腐败的终极象征。 “看到胡安·奥兰多再次踏上洪都拉斯的土地，让我感到内心十分平静，”特古西伽尔帕的一名 52, 学校清洁工桑德拉·加尔韦斯（Sandra Gálvez）说道。
在 Aquiry era, 的土丘中发现永久居住的证据，该时代于公元 900 年左右结束。他们也不认为任何结构是旨在作为防御工事的。 但这些结构延伸至 1,700 平方英里的区域，其建立的依据是：在哥伦布到达前的几个世纪里，亚马逊盆地人口密集且广泛分布。像加斯帕尔·德·卡瓦哈尔（Gaspar de Carvajal）这样的记录者（一名在 1540 年代随征服者弗朗西斯科·德·奥雷利亚纳游历亚马逊的传教士）描述这片土地在某些地方“人口稠密”，有许多大型定居点，其中一个甚至“延伸五个联盟，房屋之间没有任何间隙”。 这些记载在很大程度上
ELMER MARTINEZ / ASSOCIATED PRESS
作为埃尔南德斯先生所属的保守派国民党的支持者，加尔韦兹女士补充说，特朗普先生的赦免“证明了我们党内一直以来所说的：针对胡安·奥尔兰多的审判是犯罪分子和政治敌手编造的谎言。”
其他人则强烈反对。埃尔南德斯先生在任期间动荡不安，因其在 2017 年引发争议的连任而爆发了导致人员伤亡的抗议活动，且由于人们面临暴力和贫困，导致离开洪都拉斯的移民人数激增。
在埃尔南德斯先生抵达洪都拉斯的那个周日，特古西格ัล帕的一位天主教神父奥维迪奥·罗德里格斯在弥撒期间对庆祝前总统回归的人群发表了严厉批评，随后该言论在网络上疯传。
“我要说这句话，并请求你们的原谅：洪都拉斯人是受虐狂，”罗德里格斯神父说道，并提醒公众不要忘记与埃尔南德斯先生相关的重大腐败丑闻，包括“潘多拉案”。
“受虐狂，”他说，“就是那些与痛苦共存且感到快乐的人。”
（此处接续关于亚马逊地区的文本） 在随后的几个世纪里，由于疾病和殖民化给原住民带来了毁灭性打击，这些证据被忽视了。后来的科学家们也难以想象，在没有欧洲式农业的情况下，如何能发展出规模宏大或复杂的社会，这导致了一种错误的认知，认为亚马逊是一片原始森林，而不是一片人口几乎被抹除的森林。
“考古学家在亚马逊地区发现了所有那些本不该被发现的东西，这不是因为亚马逊的土壤不同，而是因为利用森林的方式不同，”罗斯福博士说。
近期在亚马逊其他地区的工作发现了道路、运河、广场和住宅平台的痕迹，包括在……
LEONEL ESTRADA / 路透社
胡安·奥尔兰多·埃尔南德斯，2014 年至 2022 年担任洪都拉斯总统，于上月回国。左图为他 2022 年被引渡至美国。
现在会发生什么？
埃尔南德斯先生定于周一在一名洪都拉斯最高法院法官面前接受初步传讯，届时法官将决定在诉讼过程中是否对其进行拘留。
随后将举行一项证据听证会。法官随后可以将此案送交审理、搁置或完全撤销指控。
如果案件进入审理阶段，短期内不会结束。复杂的银行记录、壳公司和政治融资网络意味着审计和上诉可能会轻易将这场法律战拖延数年。
然而，已经存在一个有利于他的强有力法律先例。
在“潘多拉案”中，埃尔南德斯先生的共同被告之一是他的前任，前总统波菲里奥·洛博——美国在 2021 年对其实施了制裁，指控其收受卡特尔贿赂。
洪都拉斯检察官指控任期从 2010 年至 2014 年的洛博先生在其监督下允许公共资金被系统性挪用。
然而，洛博先生在上个月赢得了完全撤诉，因为其辩护律师成功主张，即便资金被盗，检察官也无法证明他对此知情或下令盗窃。专家表示，埃尔南德斯先生的律师可以采用类似的论点。
“如果他最终被撤销所有指控而离开，也不足为奇，”反腐败律师胡安·卡洛斯·阿吉拉尔说道，并指出洪都拉斯从未定罪过前总统。
“此案是对洪都拉斯的一次重大考验，”阿吉拉尔先生说，“尤其是对其司法系统而言。”
厄瓜多尔东部。Pärssinen 博士的团队估计该地区可能还有数千个土方工程，并指出，在某些地方雨林依然如此茂密，甚至激光也无法穿透叶丛。
科学家警告称，在其他地方，为了农业而进行的砍伐森林可能已经损害或摧毁了遗址。圣保罗大学的考古学家 Eduardo Neves（未参与该团队）表示：“这项遗产正受到伐木和大豆种植的严重威胁。”
Pärssinen 博士的团队还认为，在 Aquiry 社会的顶峰时期，即公元 100-300 年之间，仅该地区的总人口就可能达到 300 万。
人口估算是研究人员之间激烈且有时充满争议的辩论主题。一些专家表示，应对最新研究的提议持谨慎态度，因为它并非根据挖掘出的定居点进行推演，而是基于一系列其他因素，例如该地区可能存在多少个土方工程遗址，以及建设和维护这些遗址可能需要多少人。
但大多数科学家现在认为，16 世纪关于稠密人口的记录并不像许多代人所认为的那样牵强。
“他们原以为那是 Carvajal 以及目击了巨大定居点的 Orellana 探险队的想象，”Pärssinen 博士说道。
特朗普，他曾对这个拥有 3800 万 人口的国家及其君主大加赞赏。但塞塔移民危机揭露了其年轻人群体深层的沮丧。当面对匮乏的就业机会、持续的干旱以及政府批评者频繁被捕时，他们选择用脚投票，离开这里。当被问到在前往塞塔之前在哪里工作时，22 岁的 Ahlam al-Adnan 厉声反问道：“你认为如果我有工作，我还会走吗？”周日，她坐在边境附近的阳光下，看起来疲惫不堪。她说，她和四个兄弟姐妹（包括她 8 岁的弟弟）一起游泳前往该领土。在塞塔，他们躲在森林里，但因为饥饿，她在寻找食物时被拘留并被遣返回摩洛哥。在周末期间，数千名被遣返的移民（大多为摩洛哥年轻男性）在摩洛哥小镇 Fnideq 的街道上徘徊，在人行道上休息，在空地上睡觉。大多数人穿着短裤、T 恤和凉鞋，随身携带的财物寥寥无几，甚至完全没有。身穿黑色制服的警察队伍在镇上巡逻，将移民赶出公共区域，并将那些反抗的人强行塞进面包车。在镇外，数十辆巴士停在一家加油站附近，装满了被抓获的移民，准备将他们运回原籍地区。那些前往塞塔却未归的移民的焦虑亲属坐在路边，希望能获得消息。当一群新遣返的移民走过时，亲属们会向他们展示失踪亲人的照片，看是否有人见过。Abdelkhalek Moumouh 和他的妻子 Kawtar Alalej 询问关于他们 18 岁的长子 Saad 的情况。他的父亲说，他最近高中毕业，但没有被录取到工程、航空和建筑专业的大学课程中。他想在欧洲学习，但家庭负担不起。他们说，当家里在社交媒体上看到移民进入塞塔的新闻时，父母开车将儿子送到边境，希望这是一个机会。自此之后，他们再也没有他的消息。“其他人去了欧洲并从中获益，” 50 岁的 Moumouh 先生说。“我们已经在摩洛哥浪费了生命。我们不希望他也这样。”这些移民离开的决心表明，一个通常被视为北非成功典范的摩洛哥，未能为其许多青年提供希望。这个国家政治稳定，
欧洲极右翼在危机中 定调
作者：马克·兰德勒 (MARK LANDLER)
巴黎 —— 本周数万名移民突然涌入北非的一个西班牙领土，其混乱程度、绝望感和规模之大，让人想起 11 年前希腊和意大利海岸线上的类似场景。 正是 2015 年那场危机 —— 当时有 100 多万人（大多来自中东）涌入南欧 —— 加深了整个欧洲对移民的反对情绪，并鼓舞了极右翼势力。 与当时一样，极右翼领导人试图利用欧洲门口的边境混乱场景。在英国、法国和意大利，反移民政治家警告称，最新的危机充分证明了西班牙移民政策的危险性，而西班牙的政策比许多欧洲邻国更为宽松。 不同之处在于，这些极右翼政党在 2015, 大多处于边缘地位，而现在要么已掌权，要么有切实可行的权力之路。而欧洲的中间派领导人为了避免政治反噬，已经采取了一些极右翼的强硬政策和关于移民的措辞，抛弃了 2015. 那种更为包容的方式。在短短十多年时间里，极右翼在很大程度上重塑了移民叙事。 “如果中间派领导人给人一种在这些问题上被对方抢占先机的印象，他们将完全失去话语权，”巴黎高等商学院 (HEC Paris) 的移民与气候问题专家弗朗索瓦·格门内 (François Gemenne) 表示。“这就是为什么他们觉得必须在边境控制等问题上表现得非常强硬。” 在那些对外国投资者和游客具有吸引力的国家中，中间派领导人……
对美国而言是一个宝贵的合作伙伴。 这种关系在特朗普先生的第一任期内得到了深化，当时摩洛哥加入了一个与以色列建立外交关系的阿拉伯国家小团体。与此同时，特朗普政府支持摩洛哥对西撒哈拉（一片争议领土）的主权要求。 上个月，穆罕默德六世国王告知特朗普先生，他将把贯穿该领土的一条 656 英里的高速公路命名为“唐纳德·J·特朗普公路”。 近年来，摩洛哥政府展示了旨在增强经济的大规模投资，包括在地中海建立一座港口以及一条高铁。政府正在为 2030 年世界杯挥金如土地建设体育场，届时摩洛哥将与西班牙和葡萄牙共同举办该赛事。 但首都农学院的经济学家纳吉布·阿克斯比 (Najib Akesbi) 表示，政府的政策集中在大型公司和重大基础设施上，而创造的持久就业机会太少。
正如丹麦和法国迅速谴责涌入塞塔的情况一样，塞塔是西班牙的领土，其边境在周四被冲垮。这些国家誓言要加强边境以拦截移民，尽管大多数新抵达者在几小时内就转身返回了摩洛哥。
丹麦首相梅特·弗雷德里克森是一位实施了欧洲最严格庇护政策之一的社会民主主义者，她呼吁其他领导人考虑将西班牙排除在申根区之外，申根区允许欧洲 29 个国家之间自由通行。
她的反应与意大利首相乔治亚·梅洛尼几乎没有区别，后者是一位承诺遏制移民而上台的右翼领导人。梅洛尼女士表示，来自塞塔的画面“令人震惊，并再次证明，不受控制的非法移民构成了切实威胁”。她在社交媒体上补充说，意大利“不会坐视不管”。
德国总理弗里德里希·默茨要求摩洛哥“立即接回非法移民”。这与德国上一任中右翼总理安格拉·默克尔相去甚远。当面对 2015 年来自战火纷飞的叙利亚的难民潮时，默克尔曾留下了那句著名的“wir schaffen das”——“我们可以做到”——其中许多难民现在已成为欧洲公民并融入了欧洲社会。
这些回应证明了欧洲移民政策普遍在趋于强硬，这一趋势使西班牙目前的左翼政府成为了一个特例。像瑞典这样曾被认为在提供公民身份路径方面较为慷慨的国家，已经通过了更严格的庇护和合法居留授予规则。在海上采取的更激进措施使得海上移民水平
拉巴特。“整个经济模式的逻辑就是展示，”他说。“人们访问摩洛哥，发现它很美丽。”
他说，许多投资结果变成了“白象工程”，仅在项目建设期间创造就业，一旦项目完工，工作就消失了，而非持久的就业。
“他们并不关心
自 2015 年以来骤降。
分析人士表示，近日领导人们采取的强硬语气反映出一种认知：即使欧洲远未再次出现 2015 年那样的危机，公众舆论仍很容易被戏剧性的画面所左右——无论是摇摇欲坠的小船在英国海滩登陆，还是年轻人攀爬铁丝网进入西班牙领土。
“问题在于可见的失控，”伦敦研究融合与认同的机构 British Future 的主任桑德·卡特瓦拉表示。“这将引起民粹主义政党核心受众的共鸣。”
卡特瓦拉先生指出，今年以来通过小船偷渡英吉利海峡的移民人数大幅下降。法国和英国去年达成了一项“一进一出”协议，根据该协议，英国政府可以将部分非法穿越海峡的移民遣返回去。然而，英国主要的反移民政党英国改革党（Reform U.K.）在今年大部分时间的民调中都处于领先地位。
在整个欧洲，极右翼政党继续繁荣，尽管对于
人口的需求，特别是青年的需求，”他说。
世界银行去年表示，在过去的十年中，摩洛哥的劳动年龄人口增长了 11.4 百分比，而就业人数仅增长了 1.5 百分比。
该银行表示，创造就业仍然是一个“根本性挑战”。摩洛哥的整体失业率在
移民们通过任何途径抵达欧洲大陆。根据欧盟委员会的统计机构 Eurostat 的数据，去年英国、德国和西班牙的净迁移统计数据（抵达人数减去离开人数）较前一年有所下降。而在法国和意大利，这一数字则略有上升。
“可见的事物会被看到并被报道，”卡特瓦拉先生在谈到塞塔的混乱局面时表示，“不可见的事物则不然。”
西班牙首相佩德罗·桑切斯是少数在移民问题上试图维持公开欢迎立场的中间派或左翼领导人之一，他允许一百多万非法移民在今年早些时候申请正式身份。
由于被指责此类政策鼓励了塞塔危机，桑切斯先生反驳称，在欢迎移民的同时保持边境管控是可能的。他断言，从 2021 到 2025, 通过意大利、西巴尔干地区和希腊非法进入欧盟的人数比通过西班牙进入的人数更多。他还指出，周四进入塞塔的大多数人已于周六离开。
西班牙首相佩德罗·桑切斯是少数在移民问题上持有欢迎立场的领导人之一。
塞塔（西班牙的一部分）与摩洛哥 夫尼德克（Fnideq）之间的边境。左侧，从塞塔返回的移民在周日与失踪同伴的亲属交谈。
根据政府统计数据，摩洛哥的失业率约为 11 百分比，但在 15 到 24 岁的人群中，这一比例几乎高出三倍。
从夫尼德克的山丘和海岸线可以轻易看到塞塔，这里对移民具有持久的吸引力。根据世界银行的数据，摩洛哥的人均收入为 $4,600, 而塞塔所属的西班牙，人均收入为 $38,600.
摩洛哥政府对表达不满的公民几乎没有耐心。
去年秋天，摩洛哥的六个多城市爆发了由青年主导的示威活动。这些抗议活动通过社交媒体组织，表达了对生活成本飙升、青年失业以及政府经济优先事项（包括世界杯筹备工作）的不满。当局通过逮捕和起诉活动人士予以回应。
他在周六发布的一封给欧洲领导人的公开信中写道：“这是在与摩洛哥当局密切协调的情况下实现的，而其他欧洲国家的支持非常少，与此同时，西班牙一直贯彻执行有效且基于团结的移民政策。”
2015 年的记忆在欧洲依然清晰，当时来自叙利亚、阿富汗和其他国家的涌入改变了欧洲的政治格局。次年，在反移民情绪的推动下，英国投票脱离欧盟，尽管英国并未受到那次移民浪潮的严重影响。
在德国，极右翼政党“德国选择党”在 2017 年的一次联邦选举中利用人们对不受控移民的恐惧取得了重大进展，并可能在今年秋天首次赢得德国东部的州选举。
在法国，反移民政党“国民联盟”的候选人玛丽娜·勒庞凭借这一议题进入了 2017 年总统大选的第二轮投票。勒庞女士目前正在竞选...
此前的一波抗议活动聚焦于农村地区的经济困境，最终也以抗议领导人被大规模逮捕并被判刑而告终。
在夫尼德克（Fnideq）的一条后街上，36 岁的穆罕默德·赛义德（Mohammed Said）表示，他与那些前往塞塔的人一起来到了海岸线。他在七年级后辍学并在建筑行业工作，但一直没能找到稳定的工作。
他说，当他到达边境时，那里一片混乱，汽车在燃烧，移民与安全部队发生冲突。因此，他选择了退后观望。
他表示，去年曾两次尝试游泳前往该领土，但被摩洛哥当局拦截。这一次，他准备充分，塑料袋里装着一罐金枪鱼、一些饼干、一个手机充电器、一把梳子、两件额外的 T 恤以及一个手机塑料套。
“我会再次尝试，”他说，“就交给天意吧。”
（前文缺失）竞选第四任总统，表明她计划将西班牙危机转化为竞选主题。
“面对在西班牙政府鼓励下，大规模且有组织地涌入西班牙的移民，法国必须立即加强边境管制，”她在社交媒体上表示。
她的副手若丹·巴德拉（Jordan Bardella）阐明了右翼反对派在对抗桑切斯（Sánchez）先生时可能会采取的攻击路线。
“通过将数十万无证移民合法化，西班牙社会党首相佩德罗·桑切斯（Pedro Sánchez）已经将欧洲的大门向所有危险敞开，”巴德拉先生在社交媒体上说道。
在英国，改革英国党（Reform U.K.）领导人奈杰尔·法拉奇（Nigel Farage）警告称，进入塞塔的移民将向法国北岸移动，并穿过英吉利海峡进入英国。
“相信我，除非我们建立一个改革政府，否则你们今天在西班牙看到的场景——那些年轻人中的许多人，而且很多很危险——将会向加莱（Calais）进发，并同样来到我们的国家，”法拉奇先生在上传至 YouTube 的一段视频中说道，文中提及的是一个法国港口。
法拉奇先生对移民问题的执着关注，在英国前中间派首相基尔·斯塔默（Keir Starmer）的失败中起到了一定作用。斯塔默在上个月因极不受欢迎而辞职，部分原因是由于他未能说服英国人相信，他在解决如非法穿越海峡等问题上已做足够努力。
斯塔默在两年的任期内加强了关于移民的措辞，甚至曾警告英国面临成为一个“陌生人之岛”的风险。但尽管他在任期间移民人数有所下降，他始终无法就入境人数的减少而获得认可。
JON NAZCA / 路透社
作者：ERIKA SOLOMON
当特朗普总统似乎再次在针对德黑兰的军事升级威胁中退缩时，他为伊朗官员极力推广的叙事提供了新的素材：害怕战争的不是他们，而是特朗普先生。伊朗领导层认为，他们已经找到了世界的阿喀琉斯之踵。在地区民兵盟友的帮助下，德黑兰在过去一周中强调了其威胁全球数个最关键能源设施和水路的能力。在与华盛顿关于何时以及如何停止重新爆发的敌对行动，并恢复到上个月破裂的、旨在启动和平谈判的短期协议的对峙中，伊朗继续加码。当特朗普先生近日暗示，如果对方不做出让步，重大升级即将发生时，两名前伊朗官员表示，德黑兰领导层告诉他尽管去做。
“他们已经准备好战争，且绝不退让，”前伊朗外交官阿米尔·穆萨维（Amir al-Mousawi）说道。他表示，自己在周末与围绕伊朗首席谈判代表兼议长穆罕默德·巴格尔·加利巴夫（Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf）的团队进行了会面。穆萨维先生描述了美国与伊朗官员在周末通过巴基斯坦和卡塔尔官员进行的讯息交换，他称其中特朗普先生誓言，如果伊朗人不重启谈判，将对发电厂等民用基础设施发动严重袭击。他表示，伊朗人拒绝了这一要求，除非华盛顿回到之前商定的“谅解备忘录”中，许多专家认为该备忘录对伊朗有利。“‘我们完全不担心战争，并且已经为大对抗做好了准备’，”穆萨维先生说伊朗人如此告知美国人。“特朗普告诉伊朗人：‘我会打击伊朗的电力。’于是，伊朗人回应道：‘如果你袭击，我们就反击。’”
Falih Hassan, Aaron Boxerman 和 Sanam Mahoozi 参与了报道。
审查特朗普关于伊朗战争成本的言论
作者：LINDA QIU
华盛顿 —— 随着美国与伊朗的战争进入第六个月，人们对武器库枯竭、伤亡人数上升以及经济后果的担忧日益增加。
特朗普总统对这些担忧不屑一顾，即便他正在寻求通过外交手段结束战斗，且民调显示美国人对这场战争越来越感到沮丧。相反，他将乌克兰战争描述为对军事资源更大的消耗，通过将其与之前的军事交战进行比较来为死亡人数辩护，并对油价单日下跌表示庆祝。
以下是对他近期部分主张的事实核查。
特朗普先生所言
特朗普先生所言
“油价今天大跌。” —— 7月27日的言论
这需要结合背景。事实确实是，当天随着美国和伊朗之间的战斗暂停，油价有所下跌。这是自5月下旬以来最大的单日跌幅。但与战前水平相比，油价仍然处于高位且波动剧烈。全球基准的布伦特原油价格在周一收于每桶 $83。美国基准的西德克萨斯中质原油价格收于每桶 $80。
但价格波动巨大。两周前，价格上涨至每桶 $100 以上。上周，价格再次上涨，一度突破每桶 $91。在2月战争开始之前，布伦特原油的价格为每桶 $72。
白宫发言人表示，特朗普先生引用单日跌幅是正确的，并且随着美国重新开放霍尔穆兹海峡，价格将暴跌至战前水平。
沙特阿拉伯王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼已敦促美国不要升级袭击。
伊朗政府前高级官员、德黑兰大学伊朗研究教授萨桑·卡里米表示，伊朗官员已经发现了特朗普先生试图影响谈判的模式。
“每当双方交换信息时，特朗普先生就开始通过威胁伊朗来给局势施压，以便尝试获得进一步的让步，”他说道。“但伊朗并非那么容易被操纵。”
周日，特朗普先生表示，在伊朗和其他中东国家请求推迟，且“协议范围”已达成一致后，他放弃了计划中的升级行动。
然而，目前没有任何迹象表明美伊谈判有所重启。根据两名地区外交官的说法，实际发生的情况似乎是沙特阿拉伯和卡塔尔对他们能否充分保护自己的油气设施表示担忧。
沙特官方新闻频道周日表示，沙特阿拉伯的实际统治者，王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼近期与特朗普先生进行了通话，强调“必须优先通过对话来缓解紧张局势”并“防止冲突扩大”。
该地区近期的袭击反映了这些担忧的严重性。
两周前，胡塞武装——
这需要结合背景。特朗普先生在7月分享的图表中引用的死亡人数大致准确，尽管部分数据不够精确。更重要的是，他将自己任期内规模较小的军事入侵，与跨越多个政府、持续数十年的重大战争进行比较。他的图表还忽略了在他任内除所列的两场冲突之外发生的数十名其他伤亡人员。
特朗普先生的图表引用了阿富汗战争 2,000 人死亡和伊拉克战争 4,600 人死亡，而五角大楼的统计数据显示，阿富汗战争第一阶段有 2,350 人死亡，伊拉克则有 4,418 人死亡。
特朗普先生指出，伊朗战争中有 18 名美国军人丧生，而 1 月在委内瑞拉的单日军事干预中则无人丧生。这些数字已由五角大楼报告。（在伊朗战争中已有 600 多人受伤且
在也门，与伊朗结盟的民兵组织封锁了利雅得使用红海曼德海峡水域的通道。沙特方面此前一直将其石油输送到红海西海岸港口，以规避伊朗通过霍尔木兹海峡（波斯湾石油运输的主要航线）对全球航运的扼制。
随后在上周，无人机袭击了沙特阿拉伯的两处主要石油设施，利雅得将此次袭击归咎于伊拉克境内受伊朗支持的民兵组织。一天后，埃及达米埃塔港的两艘船只起火，埃及当局称这似乎是一次无人机袭击，地区分析人士普遍将其视为伊朗或其代理人的又一次打击。
伦敦皇家联合服务研究所高级研究员 H.A. Hellyer 表示，这场斗争的核心“在于重新设计区域安全架构”。
他表示，这场斗争的核心问题是谁控制霍尔木兹海峡。“伊朗人非常、非常严肃地拒绝放弃控制权，并且他们愿意通过轰炸来确保这一点。”
除了这一动态，7 月 17 日发生的一起针对约旦境内美国军事基地的惊人袭击也造成三名美国士兵死亡。
“约旦的这次打击改变了局势，”国际危机组项目主任 Ali Vaez 表示。他说，这不仅表明伊朗的导弹库储备依然充足，而且德黑兰的情报能力比此前认为的更高。
此次袭击还在约旦内部引发了罕见的异议。约旦是美国在该地区关键的安全盟友，数百名著名的约旦人（包括政治家和律师）挑战该国对言论自由的限制，要求美国军队撤出。
Vaez 先生说：“伊朗在这段时间的整个战略旨在让美国意识到，如果出现新一轮升级，伊朗回应的范围和规模将对该地区和全球经济造成极其毁灭性的影响。”
他补充说，特朗普先生从未完全理解伊朗人的动机，以及他们如何拒绝被欺凌或恐吓。Vaez 先生表示，在当前和之前的任期中，特朗普先生“不愿吸取教训”，即针对伊朗的激进手段只会使其立场更加强硬。
他说：“他通过经济制裁实施‘极限施压’已经八年了”，现在再加上军事压力，“但从未产生过他所追求的结果。”
（在委内瑞拉有七人。） 此外，两名美国陆军士兵在 2025. 12 月的叙利亚反恐行动中丧生。五角大楼还记录，在特朗普政府的第一任期内，2017 至 2020 年期间，在阿富汗及其他国家的军事行动中共有 60 余人死亡。
同样值得指出的是，在特朗普先生的前任领导下进行的一些规模较小的行动，死亡人数同样较低。例如，2023 年开始的由美国领导的名为“繁荣卫士行动”的海上行动，旨在威慑胡塞武装在红海的袭击，此次行动导致零战斗死亡（尽管至少有一人在非战斗相关事故中死亡）。同样，1999 年轰炸科索沃期间，没有美国士兵在战斗中死亡（尽管两人在直升机坠毁事故中丧生）。
KENNY HOLSTON / THE NEW YORK TIMES
“我们有很多弹药，不同类型的。你知道，拜登给了乌克兰很多，所以我们正在补齐，但我们储备很多。中端装备我们也有很多；我的意思是，无论如何，我们拥有的数量超过了我们能使用的限度。但我们确实很多。坦白说，我想拥有更多，但拜登给了乌克兰太多了。” —— 7 月 27 日的发言
这是误导。 《纽约时报》和其他新闻机构报道称，伊朗战争已经耗尽了美国的弹药库。但特朗普先生对此类担忧不屑一顾，反而将责任归咎于拜登政府向乌克兰提供的军事援助。总统认为拜登政府向乌克兰发送了大量设备和弹药，导致库存水平下降，这一点是有道理的。但这些转移在五角大楼目前面临的弹药库问题中仅起到了很小的作用，因为在与伊朗的战争中，军方使用的是不同的武器。
库存和所用武器的确切数字并未公开。但根据 2025 年 1 月的一份五角大楼事实清单，自 2022 年 2 月俄罗斯入侵该国以来，拜登政府向乌克兰转移了 100 多种设备。华盛顿智库战略与国际研究中心（Center for Strategic and International Studies）的战争资金与采购专家、退役海军陆战队上校马克·F·坎西安（Mark F. Cancian）表示，这些设备绝大多数与地面战斗相关，对于特朗普先生在伊朗的战争并不关键。
例如，拜登政府向乌克兰提供了数千辆装甲车、卡车和坦克；贾维林（Javelin）和 TOW 等反坦克武器；迫击炮系统、火炮以及数百万发弹药。
相比之下，伊朗战争是在空中进行的。特朗普政府、国会官员以及外部军事专家对其他类型武器的库存枯竭表示担忧。根据《时报》和其他新闻机构的报道以及坎西安上校的计算，军方近期使用了：
TRUTH SOCIAL
与此同时，华盛顿正努力应对弹药库存枯竭的问题。一些军事官员表示，他们应对未来冲突（例如所谓的针对中国的强权战争）的能力可能会因短缺而受阻，而这种短缺可能需要数年时间才能扭转，特别是像爱国者导弹这样的防御性武器。“美国军队的选择并不多，而且这不仅仅是报道中的弹药短缺，”瑞士日内瓦研究生学院的伊朗分析师法赞·萨贝特（Farzan Sabet）表示。“第一，目前不清楚特朗普愿意在此时采取的有限且有时间限制的军事升级是否足以改变伊朗的计算，”他说。“第二，很难想象这些选项能削弱伊朗的导弹和无人机能力，使其无法有效地关闭霍尔木兹海峡或进一步破坏海湾的关键能源基础设施。”
一些著名的伊朗强硬派在受到鼓舞后，嘲讽特朗普政府似乎陷入的困境。伊朗议会国家安全和外交政策委员会发言人埃布拉希姆·礼扎伊（Ebrahim Rezaei）呼应了特朗普先生在 4 月份发出的威胁，即他将把伊朗炸“回石器时代”。在 X 上回复特朗普先生近几日的再次威胁时，礼扎伊先生写道：“如果伊朗遭到袭击，我们将使整个地区及其设施回到石器时代。”当特朗普先生表示他将推迟升级行动时，一位著名的强硬派评论员赛义德·穆罕默德·马兰迪（Seyed Mohammad Marandi）在他的 X 账户上发布了一张鸡肉塔可（chicken tacos）的照片。这是在引用特朗普批评者使用的一个讽刺性首字母缩写：TACO，即“特朗普总是胆小退缩”（Trump Always Chickens Out）。他在照片上方写道：“伊朗没有退让。”一些地区专家认为，双方非但没有接近谈判，反而比以往任何时候都更加遥远。前伊朗官员卡里米先生表示，伊朗应为未来几周的另一个战争阶段做好准备。他说，只要德黑兰和华盛顿双方都坚信只有自己的要求才应得到满足，谈判就将毫无意义。“为了达成协议，双方必须在政治上保持谦卑，并承认他们的最大化野心是行不通的，”他补充说，目前“这些动态尚未摆上桌面”。
■ 1,200 枚爱国者导弹（库存 2,330 枚） ■ 1,000 多枚战斧巡航导弹（库存 3,000 枚） ■ 1,100 多枚联合空对地远程精确打击导弹（JASSM）（库存 4,400 枚） ■ 40 至 70 枚精确打击导弹（库存 90 枚） ■ 130 至 250 枚 SM-3 导弹（库存 410 枚） ■ 90 至 370 枚 SM-6 导弹（库存 1,160 枚） ■ 190 至 290 枚末端高空区域防御系统（THAAD）导弹（库存 360 枚）
美国仅向乌克兰提供了该名单中的少量武器和弹药，例如 600 枚爱国者导弹。提供的其他航空设备包括短程防空设备，如 3,000 多枚刺针反击空导弹。
另一方面，《华尔街日报》在 2022 年 8 月报道称，一些官员认为，在向乌克兰转移后，美国军械库中 155 毫米战斗炮弹的水平已“低得令人不安”。
五角大楼利用国会在 2024 年提供的一部分资金，更换了向乌克兰提供的一部分设备，包括标枪导弹和刺针导弹、155 毫米弹药以及装甲车。这些在伊朗战争中并未构成问题。
白宫发言人为特朗普先生的描述进行了辩护，理由是拜登政府时期向乌克兰转移了数十亿美元的武器，以及特朗普先生最近签署的一项行政命令，该命令增加了武器制造商使用来自中国和俄罗斯等敌对国家材料的难度。
霍尔木兹海峡 进行谈判
作者：亚伦·博克斯曼 (AARON BOXERMAN) 和 萨南·马胡齐 (SANAM MAHOOZI)
伊朗周一表示，正与阿曼就临时重新开放波斯湾的关键航道——霍尔木兹海峡进行谈判，与此同时，调解人正匆忙采取行动，以平息美国与伊朗之间重启战争的可能性。
伊朗外交部发言人埃斯马伊尔·巴盖伊 (Esmaeil Baghaei) 在一场新闻发布会上表示，目前没有直接的美伊谈判，这表明一个更广泛的和平协议目前尚不在计划之内。相反，他表示，与阿曼的谈判仅集中在协商船舶通过海峡的新航线上。
“与阿曼谈判的重点将是这个问题，而涉及伊朗和美国的事项将必须在后期阶段进行研究，”巴盖伊先生说。
一名发言人表示，将处于“后期阶段”。
特朗普总统周一对伊朗政府猛烈抨击，称其领导人“令人难以置信地狡诈”，并暗示美国和伊朗实际上正在讨论解决霍尔木兹海峡问题的方案。如果谈判取得成功，可能会为美国和伊朗在早前的一项协议因上月关于霍尔木兹海峡的紧张局势而崩溃后，重新达成更广泛的停火铺平道路。
特朗普先生在周末突然取消了威胁对伊朗发起的袭击，称在重新开放海峡方面可能会有进展；该海峡是全球能源出口的主要水道，已被伊朗封锁数月。他还提到沙特阿拉伯等地区盟友请求保持冷静。特朗普先生周日告诉记者：“他们请求的原因是，他们认为就霍尔木兹海峡达成了协议。”
最近几个月，特朗普先生多次承诺与伊朗的外交突破近在咫尺，但最终均告失败。尽管美国多次轰炸，伊朗仍未改变其立场，这使得特朗普先生在苦苦思索如何结束他于 2 月与以色列共同发起的战争。
巴盖伊先生周一表示，作为谈判的一部分，伊朗和阿曼已经交换了船舶可能通过的航线图。他补充说，正在考虑的方案之一是两国之间可能的一条“中间路线”，该路线将“保障两国的考量和利益”。
分析人士对伊朗是否会完全放弃对霍尔木兹海峡的掌控持怀疑态度。在战争爆发前，船舶在该水域自由通行。自从美国和以色列在 2 月底发动攻击以来，伊朗的封锁已成为德黑兰在与华盛顿打交道时的强大筹码。
巴盖伊先生暗示，如果特朗普政府与伊朗政府之间的其他分歧点（如美国对伊朗港口的 naval blockade 封锁）仍未解决，伊朗不太可能完全重新开放海峡。他告诉记者：“只要美国在此期间违反的所有事项仍未解决，霍尔木兹海峡的情况自然不会发生重大变化。”
6 月，两国签署了一项停火协议，该协议原本旨在重新开放海峡，并允许进行更广泛的谈判以限制伊朗的核计划——这也是特朗普先生发动战争的理由之一。在伊朗向其认为未经授权地经过阿曼附近的商船开火后，休战协议迅速崩溃。
僵局的部分原因在于特朗普政府在停火协议中同意的含糊措辞。伊朗认为该协议赋予其对霍尔木兹海峡的广泛权力，而美国官员对此解释持有异议。
为了回到故土的监狱， 他孤注一掷
作者：保罗·索内（PAUL SONNE） 和 米拉娜·马扎耶娃（MILANA MAZAEVA）
柏林 —— 去年夏天，当他被遣返美国的航班降落在莫斯科时，阿尔乔姆·沃夫琴科（Artyom Vovchenko）的斗志已被消磨殆尽。
他为了反对乌克兰战争而脱离俄罗斯军队并逃离祖国。在被美国拒绝给予庇护之前，他在三家美国拘留中心度过了 13 个月。
随后，他被特朗普政府戴着镣铐遣返回俄罗斯，在那里他面临最高 10 年的监禁。
在他落地后，莫斯科机场的安全官员发现，27 岁的沃夫琴科先生是军事检察官通缉的对象。此时，他对俄罗斯和美国对待他的方式所产生的绝望感，已膨胀为一种愤恨的无奈。
“去你们所有人的地狱吧。随你们怎么做。我知道我是对的，”沃夫琴科先生说，他当时这样告诉自己。“我已经心如止水。基本上，我已经准备好去死了。”
在沃夫琴科先生被卷入特朗普政府的大规模遣返行动后，《纽约时报》于去年首次报道了他的情况。随后，他面对的是一个被从乌克兰前线逃离或受伤士兵所淹没的俄罗斯体制——尽管弗拉基米尔·V·普京总统在战时采取了激进的威权主义，但该机制中依然遍布漏洞。
在沃夫琴科先生等待审判的军事基地里，日子一天天过去，几周转瞬即逝，他为争取未来的斗志重新燃起。他说，他静静地等待时机，每晚祈祷，并调用多年练习武术所培养出的自律能力。
他开始策划逃跑方案。
“我单纯地将希望寄托在主身上，”沃夫琴科先生说。“我想，如果上帝在这条路上帮助我，那么这就意味着这是命中注定的。如果他没让我通过，那么这就是我的宿命。”
阿尔乔姆·沃夫琴科（ARTYOM VOVCHENKO）
《纽约时报》（THE NEW YORK TIMES）
“完全反对”
沃夫琴科先生是一名保安和一名理发师的儿子，在俄罗斯南部一个省镇的普通家庭中长大。
大学毕业后被征召入伍，他说自己违背意愿被强迫签署合同多服役一年。
当普京总统在 2022 年发起对乌克兰的全规模入侵时，沃夫琴科先生感到惊恐，因为他长期以来将乌克兰人视为兄弟。
“我无法接受这件事，心想：‘搞什么鬼？凭什么？’”他说。
在确信自己的部队即将被派往乌克兰后，沃夫琴科先生选择了逃离，先前往印度尼西亚担任柔术教练，随后前往墨西哥，并于 2024 年进入美国寻求庇护。
他被送往密西西比州的一家拘留中心。他说，在那里他每天在厨房煮粥，报酬为 1 美元。
他说，有一天在搬运一个 150 磅的食物桶时，他滑倒并伤到了背部。
“即使是在军队里，虽然我确实面临过虐待，但我从未经历过像在那里对待我们那样糟糕的待遇，”沃夫琴科先生说。
美国国土安全部的一位发言人表示：“任何关于 ICE 设施条件低于标准的说法都是不真实的。”
“极端压力”
在他在美国输掉官司后，沃夫琴科先生在去年夏天被驱赶到一架军用飞机上。他认为，他挽救自由的最后机会是在开罗中转期间，说服埃及当局让他前往仍持有有效签证的印度尼西亚，而不是被送往俄罗斯。
起初的一系列礼貌请求很快就出了问题。他走进机场洗手间，抓住一根管道并表示自己哪儿也不去。他说，埃及警卫随即向他扑来，对他躯干部位拳打脚踢。他说，一阵剧痛击中了他的背部，随后一名警卫开始揪住他的衬衫领口掐他的脖子。
他说，最后一名持枪男子出现并威胁要开枪打他。
随着沃夫琴科先生在威胁面前瘫软下来，警卫们将他拎起，将他的四肢像“香肠”一样绑起来，然后将他带上了飞往莫斯科的飞机。
埃及政府未对有关沃夫琴科先生受对待情况的置评请求做出回应。
“我简直无法让自己放弃，不能就这样让我的整个生命消逝。”
“像外星人一样”
回到俄罗斯后，一个因乌克兰战争而压力巨大的军事系统的混乱局面反而对沃夫琴科先生有利。
他在军事监狱被关了两天，随后被送往莫斯科郊外的一个基地。该基地通常是通信系统专业部队的训练中心，但据沃夫琴科先生称，现在这里还设有士兵拘留设施。
他说，牢房里挤满了受伤的服役人员，其中许多人患有精神疾病或健康状况恶化。
他说，这里的氛围比他在美国拘留期间经历的要好，一些俄罗斯官员将他视作一个人对待，尽管他们会辱骂那些士兵是“叛徒”。
这里的安保并不像传统俄罗斯监狱那样严密。他说，当局没有没收他的手机或护照，仅搜查了他的包是否有武器。他说，他们很少遇到像他这样在国外生活多年的人，因此尽管他表示反对，他们还是习惯称呼他为“美国人”。
“说实话，对他们来说，我就像个外星人，”沃夫琴科先生说。
由于受伤士兵过多，沃夫琴科先生没有机会接受国家卫生部门的治疗，他说。他筹集资金，成为了数十名被拘留士兵中，定期由警卫护送到当地私人医疗机构的一员。
医生解释说，沃夫琴科先生患有三个椎间盘突出，其中一个从脊柱突出 11 毫米。
在数月的就医过程中，他的警卫会等待他被接回基地，期间他开始研究如何逃跑。
“这就像是在为比赛做准备，”他说，“你不能花太多时间仅仅思考比赛本身。你只需专注于具体任务、关键细节，然后去执行。”
“彻底迷失”
他说，有一天他走进去治疗，一旦脱离警卫的视线，就离开并打了一辆出租车。
他准备充分。他准确地知道自己将采取哪条路线，以及如何避免被追踪。他计算出自己大约有三个小时的时间离开莫斯科地区，否则搜捕行动将阻碍他。
面对漫长的监禁或被强制送往前线，他觉得这个风险值得冒。
“我简直无法让自己放弃，不能就这样让我的整个生命消逝，”沃夫琴科先生说。
沃夫琴科先生在军事基地接受审前拘留期间，其名字已被从通缉名单中撤除，而这正是
他说，这是俄罗斯法院的标准程序。他乘坐多辆车前往与白俄罗斯接壤的边境，白俄罗斯是一个允许与俄罗斯之间自由出入的国家。在其他反战的俄罗斯人（包括朋克抗议乐队 Pussy Riot 的成员玛丽亚·阿廖希娜）公开讲述过走这条路线后，他在互联网上读到了通过白俄罗斯离开俄罗斯的可能性。据该组织的一位出于安全考虑要求匿名的官员称，Rapid Unit 这是一个帮助俄罗斯政治犯逃至安全地带的地下组织，该组织核实了沃夫琴科先生的身份并为其提供了帮助。该组织协调了沃夫琴科先生的离境，主要在白俄罗斯境内为其提供协助。该组织及其合作伙伴根据情况的变化调整计划，并处理机票、物流及临时住所的搜寻工作。
Rapid Unit 的这位官员表示，路线经过了多次调整，但最终沃夫琴科先生成功从白俄罗斯抵达了更安全的地方。《纽约时报》出于安全原因，同意不公布沃夫琴科先生目前的所在地。在重新获得自由后，沃夫琴科先生正试图重新收拾他的生活。他的背部问题依然在困扰着他，而且他的钱已经用完了。“我现在感到完全迷茫，”他说道。俄罗斯民主美国会（Russian America for Democracy in Russia，一个援助俄罗斯寻求庇护者的美国组织）主席德米特里·瓦鲁耶夫为沃夫琴科先生发起了一场募捐活动。为了帮助他重新安置，该活动目前仅筹集到目标金额 $12,000 中的 $2,000。就他个人而言，沃夫琴科先生表示，他很遗憾误认为美国是一个会欢迎他的地方，且未能充分理解美国的移民制度。他正努力摆脱逃亡时的偏执心理，并试图停止那些噩梦——在梦中，总有人出现要把他带走。在尝试自行治疗背部数周后，他最近成功参加了一场柔术比赛，这是在 bleak 时刻取得的一次小小胜利。“我有自己的目标，自己的梦想，”沃夫琴科先生说，“我只想生活好好的。”
特朗普在北极的舰队愿景 耗资数十亿美元
在各方面。这个数量是管理美国舰队的海岸警卫队此前表示需要的两倍。这些造船合同将无需通过竞争性招标即可授予。虽然其中七艘船预计将在美国建造，但前四艘将在芬兰建造，这要求特朗普豁免一项禁止在海外建造国家安全船只的法律。然而，在那一刻，这些都不重要。特朗普想要更多的破冰船，且他希望从芬兰购买。在与芬兰领导人坐在一起时，特朗普宣布：“其他国家的数量比我们多，而我们正在购买世界上最好的破冰船。”
特朗普亲自干预海岸警卫队船只采购背后的故事，揭示了他的政府如何为了追求符合总统意愿的项目而简化流程、蔑视规则，而不管这些项目是否符合任何更广泛的战略逻辑。对无需竞标合同的依赖（这种合同通常仅用于高度专业化或紧急需求）反映了近期其他由特朗普推动的项目——其规模从林肯纪念堂反思池的翻修，到一项耗资 $13 亿美元的移民拘留中心建设协议。
《纽约时报》对海岸警卫队交易的调查发现，该交易依赖于芬兰总统的个人请求，以及特朗普对自己衡量国家伟大程度的看法，此外还源于他早在竞选总统之前，在芬兰一次偶然相遇后便对极地破冰船产生的一种痴迷。此外，该计划也没有为支持这 11 艘新船所需的各种基础设施或航行船员提供支付方案。根据海岸警卫队的文档，这些成本可能会高达数十亿美元。
大部分资金计划来自共和党去年通过的支出法案——即“一个伟大美丽的法案”（One Big Beautiful Bill）中为边境安全预留的资金，该法案给予了政府极大的自由度，可以在极少监督的情况下将数十亿美元投入其优先事项。为了证明破冰船无需竞标合同的合理性，特朗普政府援引了一项极少使用的豁免条款，声称这些授予符合“公共利益”——从而允许政府跳过竞争，而对其理由几乎没有公开说明。
“我们还没有看到任何信息或分析来证明这 11 艘船的合理性，或评估这些决定的长期可负担性，”非党派的美国政府问责局（U.S. Government Accountability Office）合同与国家安全采购主管雪莉·S·奥克利（Shelby S. Oakley）表示。她说，海岸警卫队面临的风险就像一个“中了大奖的人，把所有的钱都花在买豪宅上，然后意识到自己没有钱维护它，最终破产”。
政府官员大体上为这些船只辩护，称其对国家安全至关重要。极地破冰船使海岸警卫队能够在北极维持其所谓的“存在”——监测在该地区日益具有战略意义的水域中运行的外国船只。白宫管理与预算办公室发言人艾莉·麦坎德莱斯（Allie McCandless）在的一份声明中说：“在之前的政府任由我们的船只和北极能力锈蚀和衰败之后，特朗普总统正在恢复美国作为北极强国的地位。”
海岸警卫队司令凯文·E·伦迪（Kevin E. Lunday）上将表示，该部门遵守法律法规，“以确保对纳税人资金的适当管理”。伦迪上将告诉《时报》：“11 这个数字直接来自总统。”他说，海岸警卫队正……
提供的输入，但补充道：“这是总统的数字，也是总统的决定。”总统曾吹嘘过这项交易。今年5月，他在美国海岸警卫队学院对毕业生们说：“我会在落成典礼上出席。多年以来，他们一直试图获得破冰船，但没有一位总统能够提供你们完成任务所需的设备。”
一场高尔夫球赛与一份礼物
特朗普先生对芬兰破冰船的兴趣可以追溯到 30 多年前。未来的总统当时是一位在纽约市和大西洋城面临破产的酒店和赌场大亨，他于 1992 年飞往赫尔辛基寻找赚钱的新方法。据芬兰航运高管尤哈·维斯卡里（Juha Wiskari）称，他曾与特朗普先生会面并带他参观了公司的一艘船，当时特朗普先生有兴趣购买一艘船将其改造为漂浮赌场。维斯卡里先生在一次采访中表示，一旦特朗普先生意识到运营该船的成本将使其难以盈利，他就放弃了这个想法。但这次访问因另一个原因而被证明具有重要意义。另一位航运高管马丁·萨里康加斯（Martin Saarikangas）后来告诉芬兰公共广播公司，特朗普先生在附近看到了停泊的芬兰破冰船，并好奇那是什么。他回忆说，他告诉特朗普先生，芬兰建造了全球约 60 比例的破冰船。“一颗关于芬兰的积极种子已在他的心中种下，”维斯卡里先生说。
四分之一个世纪后成为总统，特朗普先生表达了对破冰船的推崇。他在 2017 年在海岸警卫队学院发表的讲话中表示，没有任何其他军种“拥有突破 21 英尺厚坚如磐石的北极冰层的能力”。据熟悉这些对话的人士透露，他曾与芬兰领导人讨论购买或租赁破冰船，但在第一任期结束前未能达成交易。在再次当选后，特朗普先生再次开始尝试购买破冰船。海岸警卫队官员与美国造船商举行会议以评估其意向。
随后，一场高尔夫球赛改变了一切。2025, 3 月的一个周六，特朗普先生在他位于佛罗里达州的一家高尔夫球场参加了一场比赛。斯图布先生，这位芬兰总统，也加入了其中。斯图布先生曾为芬兰国家队打高尔夫球，并凭借高尔夫奖学金就读于南卡罗来纳州的弗曼大学。据特朗普先生称，两人赢得了该项赛赛。斯图布先生向特朗普先生赠送了一幅破冰船的画，一名人士将其描述为拥有一个华丽的金边画框。
造船业是芬兰的支柱产业，该国领导人长期以来一直寻求说服美国政府从其船厂购买船舶。据熟悉两国互动的人士透露，芬兰追求特朗普先生的原因不仅是为了确保破冰船交易。保持密切关系使得斯图布先生能够尝试说服特朗普先生意识到北约联盟的重要性以及维持对俄罗斯施压的必要性。特朗普先生在社交媒体上写道，斯图布先生是“一名非常出色的球员”，并称斯图布先生赞扬他让美国再次强大。特朗普先生随后说出了芬兰长期渴望听到的话语：“斯图布总统和我期待加强美国与芬兰之间的伙伴关系，这包括为美国购买和开发大量急需的破冰船。”
据两名了解此次接触的人士透露，一名海岸警卫队高级官员在春季和初夏期间通过电话、短信并与共和党议员会面以争取资金，将破冰船描述为白宫的最高优先级。这种压力起作用了。去年 7 月，在共和党的支出法案中，国会为这些船只提供了 35 亿美元 十亿美金。但特朗普先生及其顾问想要购买的破冰船数量超过了 35 亿美元 十亿美金能支付的范围。白宫当时正在考虑两项“非常、非常优秀的”破冰船提案。
预算主管罗素·T·沃特（Russell T. Vought）告诉《时报》。一家造船厂提出建造五艘破冰船，基于最初为俄罗斯开发的设计；另一项提案提出建造六艘船，采用加拿大海岸警卫队的设计。“我们最终不想在两者之间做选择，”沃特先生说。结果，他们不需要选择。“‘一个宏伟美丽法案’（The One Big Beautiful Bill）给了我们同时实现这两者的机会，”他补充道。根据负责监管海岸警卫队的国土安全部副部长特洛伊·埃德加（Troy Edgar）称，额外的破冰船资金——另外 35 亿美元 billion ——来自该法案中一个专门用于立法者所谓的“边境支持”的独立基金。特朗普先生在法案通过后不久的 8 月深夜给斯图布总统打了电话。两位领导人此前已就美国从芬兰购买一艘二手破冰船以及可能购买少量新船的问题协商了数月。现在，有了数十亿的新资金支持，特朗普先生想要规模更大。 “我不会买二手的那艘，因为它太旧了，”根据斯图布先生随后向芬兰记者讲述的描述，特朗普先生说道，“相反，我要更多的新船。” 斯图布先生的一位发言人拒绝就斯图布先生的这段描述回答《时报》的提问。
特朗普先生对芬兰破冰船的兴趣可追溯到 30 年多以前。
上图，2021. 年的一艘俄罗斯破冰船在北极。顶部，由 Davie Defense（Inocea 新成立的美国子公司）运营的赫尔辛基造船厂。特朗普先生授予 Davie Defense 一项价值 35 亿美元 billion 的无标单合同，用于建造五艘破冰船。
“俄罗斯有 40 艘”
专家表示，特朗普先生的行为反映了一个非常现实的问题：美国需要更多的极地破冰船。 专家们认为，问题在于美国究竟需要多少艘。特朗普先生的公开言论表明，他的兴趣反映出一种因其他国家拥有更多破冰船而产生的挫败感，而非基于对战略需求的任何审查。 “我们只有一艘，”特朗普先生在 2020, 年向军方领导人抱怨道，这在一定程度上低估了美国舰队的数量。
EKATERINA ANISIMOVA / AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
“俄罗斯有 40 艘。”海岸警卫队在今年 4 月告诉国会，俄罗斯目前拥有 56 艘极地破冰船，而中国拥有五艘。 据罗纳德·奥罗克（Ronald O’Rourke）称，特朗普先生对俄罗斯破冰船的关注忽略了两国之间的关键差异。奥罗克曾为非党派的国会研究服务局分析海岸警卫队的破冰船计划 18 年，直至今年退休。 有两百多万俄罗斯人生活在北极社区，俄罗斯政府需要破冰船来维持港口和航线的畅通。人口普查数据显示，生活在阿拉斯加北极地区的美国人不足 20,000 人。 海岸警卫队上一次在 2023, 年对其所需船只进行正式评估时，该部门表示需要四到五艘特朗普政府正在购买的那种破冰船。奥罗克先生表示，目前尚不清楚海岸警卫队将如何使用 11 艘此类船只——即使美国按照特朗普先生敦促的那样取得了对格陵兰岛的控制权。 奥罗克先生评估了总统的
他通过一个关于盲目追求汽车的类比，表达了对俄罗斯破冰船的看法。 “我的邻居孩子很多，所以他们买了一辆面包车，”奥罗克先生说。“这是否意味着我和我的妻子在没有孩子的情况下，也需要买一辆面包车？”
政府的目标是在特朗普离开办公室之前获得首批破冰船。为了在这一时间表内完成，海岸警卫队绕过了通常的申请和审核竞争性投标的流程。
通过利用公共利益豁免条款（该条款允许特朗普政府避免寻求竞争性报价），海岸警卫队无需证明该工作具有紧急性，也无需证明只有一家公司能够完成。相反，该机构只需在签署协议前向国会发送一封信函，告知立法者其授予无标合同的计划即可。
当这封信抵达时，白宫已经宣布了该协议，相关公司也已公开宣传其被选中。
政府接受的方案最终导致了与三家公司的合同。
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VESA LAITINEN 为《纽约时报》提供 KENNY HOLSTON / 《纽约时报》
VESA LAITINEN 为《纽约时报》提供
公司。 据知情人士在匿名条件下描述私人审议过程时表示，为了在政治上站得住脚，白宫决定该计划应至少包含一家美国造船厂。
海岸警卫队转向了 Bollinger Shipyards，这是一家总部位于路易斯安那州的造船厂，拥有政府合同历史，包括之前一项尚未完成的破冰船交易。
联邦选举数据显示，Bollinger 的首席执行官 Ben Bordelon 及其妻子在过去十年中向共和党候选人和委员会捐赠了约 $1.7 million，远超他们向民主党捐赠的金额。
Bollinger 的发言人 TJ Tatum 表示，该公司获得建造额外破冰船的合同，是因为其拥有为海岸警卫队造船四十年的经验。他表示，Bordelon 先生的捐款流向了负责监督造船及其他对公司重要政策领域的委员会议员，且这对夫妇并未向特朗普先生捐款。
特朗普总统 10 月与芬兰总统亚历山大·斯图布会面，此前双方就 11 艘破冰船达成协议。
三家造船厂获 awarded 高达 68 亿美元 billion 的无标合同以建造破冰船
Inocea 的美国子公司 Davie Defense 已同意建造五艘破冰船——其中两艘在芬兰一家拥有破冰船建造历史的新购造船厂建造，随后三艘在德克萨斯州建造。
在获得合同的三家公司中，只有 Rauma 具有从头到尾建造破冰船的历史。该公司计划在其位于芬兰西部的船厂建造两艘破冰船。
INOCEA GROUP 总部：伦敦 高达 35 亿美元 billion
RAUMA MARINE CONSTRUCTIONS 芬兰，劳马 (RAUMA) 高达 12 亿美元 billion
“没有人能像芬兰那样制造它们。” 特朗普总统 10 月在谈到该国的极地破冰船时表示。
寻求北极主导权
特朗普先生对北极主导权的愿景已初见雏形。今年早些时候，在芬兰西部一个巨大的厂房内，可以看到 Rauma 的工人正在建造该协议中首艘国外制造破冰船的船体。
破冰船的诀窍在于其船头的弧度。当船首和船尾强大的推进器将船向前推进时，该弧度使船体能够滑到冰面上，就像一只 9,000 吨的海狮爬出水面一样。随后，船体的重量将冰层压向下方和外侧，在身后留下一道开阔水域。
芬兰人表示，他们的国家是世界上唯一一个每个港口在冬季都会结冰的国家，因此他们的造船厂在建造破冰船方面变得非常熟练。
共和党官员将该协议誉为美国工业的一次胜利。在最近于加尔维斯顿举行的一场奠基仪式上，在港口中起伏的武装海岸警卫队船只的监视下，德克萨斯州州长 Greg Abbott 和参议员 Ted Cruz 轮流在造船厂称赞特朗普先生，那里将建造三艘破冰船。
ANTONIN CERMAK / FAIRFAX MEDIA, VIA GETTY IMAGES
从上至下：1982, 年见到的“极地海号” (The Polar Sea)，自 2010 年起停靠在西雅图，主要作为备件来源；一艘运行中的破冰船“Voima”号，建于 1954 年；在赫尔辛基 Railotech 测试池中将冰块击碎成片。
计划建造。 一个随意的听众可能会误以为所有的新破冰船都将在美国建造。 “当特朗普总统宣布将 35 亿美元 billion 拨给戴维国防公司（Davie Defense），用于在德克萨斯州墨西哥湾沿岸建造五艘北极安全巡逻舰时，我感到非常自豪，”克鲁兹先生在喝彩和掌声中说道。事实上，前两艘将在芬兰建造。 在随后的采访中，克鲁兹先生对自己对特朗普先生购买 11 艘破冰船的决定的看法发表了见解。 他引用了 1984 年罗伯·赖纳（Rob Reiner）执导的电影《这就是脊柱拍档》（This Is Spinal Tap）。这部电影讲述了一支虚构的重金属乐队，其年长的成员试图通过追求极致来防止被时代遗忘。乐队的哲学由其吉他手概括，他吹嘘其他放大器的音量旋钮最高到 10，而他的放大器可以一直调到 11。 “作为 80 年代长大的人，我必须承认，我个人的理论就是‘脊柱拍档’理论：我们的等级是 11，”克鲁兹先生说道。 “尽管我怀疑这是否是总统的初衷，”他随即补充道。
让全镇捂住鼻子
针对一家赢得特朗普支持的公司
作者：DAVID OVALLE
佛罗里达州沃基纳 (WAUKEENAH, Fla.) —— 多年前，微小的沃基纳镇就失去了西瓜农场和牛群牧场。现在，这里以另一种东西而闻名：大麻行业巨头 Trulieve 经营的一处规模庞大的种植基地所散发出的刺鼻大麻气味。
自 Trulieve 于 2020. 年开始在这里收获大麻以来，邻居们一直对气味、机器的轰鸣声以及深夜刺眼的灯光抱怨不已。但在佛罗里达州中北部塔拉哈西附近的杰斐逊县农村地区，他们的投诉几乎没有引起关注。
随后，一段 Facebook 视频出现了。
今年春天在网上发布的一段剪辑显示，绿色的水从 Trulieve 的地产涌向相邻的费莉西亚 (Felicia) 和詹姆斯·兰姆 (James Lamb) 夫妇的地产。这段由该夫妇亲戚发布的视频激起了县内居民对 Trulieve 的抵制。Trulieve 的首席执行官关系广泛，曾帮助说服特朗普总统在 4 月将医用大麻重新分类为较低危险等级的药物。
“这让人们感到震惊，”兰姆女士在谈到这段视频时说，“人们听说过径流，但亲眼看到则是另一回事。”居民们很快挤满了杰斐逊县委员会的会议，抱怨气味，并担心这家拥有 100 万平方英尺室内大麻种植设施（美国最大的种植设施之一）的公司正在污染土壤。
Trulieve 的官员坚持认为水质安全，不过是正常的径流，在公司开设“栽培园区”之前就一直流向兰姆夫妇的地产。官员们还指出，Trulieve 已经减轻了设施散发出的气味，近几个月停止了现场的大麻堆肥，并安装了强大的过滤系统。
“当邻居向我们提出问题时，我们会持续努力，直到我们尽一切合理能力解决为止，”Trulieve 的首席生产官凯尔·兰德鲁姆 (Kyle Landrum) 上个月在《塔拉哈西民主报》的一篇评论文章中写道 —— 这一举动是为了回应兰姆女士在几天前发表的批评该公司的文章。
最近的愤怒引发了几个州政府机构对 Trulieve 运营情况的调查。这也分裂了一个已经在应对变革的农村社区 —— 如今，该社区正试图接纳一个在当地雇佣了近 300 人的行业，但这个行业对许多人来说仍然是令人厌恶的。
“我不需要药物来享受生活，但显然有些人需要；那是他们的事，”73, 岁的退休人员南希·盖巴特 (Nancy Gebhart) 说。她住在马路对面，常因为气味而避免出门。“不要强加给我。我不应该忍受他们的臭味。”
盖巴特女士和她的丈夫表示，他们想卖掉在沃基纳的长期住所，该镇居民不足 200 人，但潜在买家不想住在 Trulieve 附近。
杰斐逊县的紧张局势呼应了全国各地对纷纷涌现的数据中心的社区抵制。随着美国大麻产业的增长，种植设施邻居的投诉也随之增加 —— 但通常发生在加利福尼亚州和马萨诸塞州等“蓝色州”，在这些地方，医用和娱乐用大麻均合法。在佛罗里达州，大麻仅在医疗用途下合法。
总部位于塔拉哈西的 Trulieve 在 6 月成为第一家在美国主要证券交易所上市的大麻公司，这一举措得益于特朗普先生放宽了对医用大麻的限制。它经营着佛罗里达州近四分之一的药房，并花费近 $150 million 支持一项 2024 年的选票措施，旨在……
“目前还没有任何一家独立机构的报告显示有任何有害污染物。就这么简单。”
—— STEVE VANCORE, Trulieve 发言人
将娱乐性大麻合法化。共和党人、州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯（Ron DeSantis）反对该措施，最终该措施以微弱差距未能通过。《福布斯》将 Trulieve 公司的首席执行官金·里弗斯（Kim Rivers）描述为大麻行业的“特朗普耳语者”，因为她成功说服特朗普先生在联邦法律下重新分类医疗大麻。分析人士表示，此举将通过减轻税收负担而大幅增加大麻公司的利润。兰布夫妇最担心的是从 Trulieve 的雨水池流向他们土地的水。在视频走红之前，他们已经与 Trulieve 悄悄合作了数年以阻止这种情况。在最近的一个工作日，这对夫妇沿着一条两旁长满野葡萄藤和挂着西班牙苔藓的橡树的小路，走向一个旧狩猎营地附近。
兰布女士的祖父曾与前佛罗里达州州长劳顿·柴尔斯（Lawton Chiles）在那里射杀野火鸡。兰布夫妇来到一个像伤疤一样充满水的地坑前，它从分隔两地的金属围栏下方延伸出数百码，蜿蜒进入他们的房产。“它看起来像一条小溪，但其实不是，”兰布女士说，“在 Trulieve 出现之前，这里没有这个东西。”兰布先生表示，他在 3 月份委托进行了一次水质检测，结果显示硝酸盐（通常存在于肥料中）含量达到了不安全水平，这让他怀疑污染物是否正渗入地下水和附近的一条小溪。他们的投诉触动了公众的神经，并通过一个名为“杰斐逊县关注居民”（Concerned Residents of Jefferson County）的团体在网上被放大。该团体的发言人是辛迪·派伯恩（Cindy Pyburn），一位退休的银行高管，现为一名公民活动人士。派伯恩女士表示，邻居们觉得该设施的扩张程度远超多年前承诺的范围。“我对医疗大麻没有异议。我希望它不在杰斐逊县，”她说，“但他们本可以像良好的企业公民那样经营业务。”随着州政府机构开始调查，佛罗里达州卫生部在当地的 Dollar General 商店分发了免费的水质检测套件。水资源管理区进行了两次检查，发现了涉及雨水池的“明显违规”行为。Trulieve 回应称，兰布夫妇关于水质污染和径流过多的指控是没有根据的，且该池塘符合此前批准的升级计划。佛罗里达州环境保护部在 3 月份表示，Trulieve 的水质检测未显示污染物；该机构称调查仍在继续。佛罗里达州卫生部未对多次置评请求做出回应，但该地区所属选区的民主党州代表艾莉森·坦特（Allison Tant）表示，该机构在当地井水中未发现污染物。一个名为“蓝衫正义联盟”（Blue Shirt Justice League）的环境监督组织上个月表示，来自兰布夫妇房产的水样中仅含有低水平的硝酸盐。兰布女士指出，雨水池中不应含有任何硝酸盐，且在采集样本前降下的暴雨可能稀释了结果。Trulieve 的发言人表示，居民无需担心。“目前还没有任何一家独立机构的报告显示存在任何有害污染物。就这么简单，”发言人史蒂夫·万科尔（Steve Vancore）说道。对于杰斐逊县的一些人来说，这些解释还不够。该县人口为 16,000，距离塔拉哈西足够近，以至于许多居民通勤前往那里工作，但距离又足够远，让他们能享受坐落在起伏丘陵间、价格实惠且宽敞的住宅。
当地居民自豪地指出，该县没有红绿灯。在县治蒙蒂塞洛（Monticello），那里最近庆祝了年度西瓜节，似乎每个人都对 Trulieve 公司是在帮助还是在损害他们所在的这片佛罗里达地区持有看法。65 岁的吉尔·林奇（Jill Lynch）表示，她每周会带着孙女开车经过该设施几次，孩子们抱怨空气闻起来像臭鼬一样。“我希望这不会影响她们，”林奇女士说，“你知道的，就像吸入那种东西一样。我不知道它是怎么起作用的。”但即便在这个农村且政治保守的县，人们对大麻的看法也并不统一。大麻合法化法案在这里仅以微弱差距被否决。一家销售大麻产品（尽管不是 Trulieve 的产品）的烟具店最近在蒙蒂塞洛开业。虽然一家州立监狱为该县提供了就业机会，但很少有人否认 Trulieve 的设施同样带来了经济利益。
74 岁的多萝西·普利亚姆（Dorothy Pulliam）在蒙蒂塞洛的一家二手店担任志愿者，她说对于 Trulieve 的进驻心情复杂。“在这里你还能去哪里工作？”她问道。该设施由 11 栋建筑组成，身着白色实验服并戴着发网的员工在这里培育仅在佛罗里达州销售的医用大麻。工人修剪母株——这些品种的名字包括“木瓜滴”（Papaya Drip）、“小海龟”（Baby Turtle）和“薄荷雪葩”（Mint Sherbet）。这些插株最终被种植在对应不同生长阶段的培育室中，通过定时器使用回收水灌溉，并在强光与近乎黑暗的环境之间循环。一旦植株长到四到五英尺高，工人会将其手工采收，然后运送到另一家 Trulieve 设施进行加工。49 岁的杰里·劳德米尔克（Jerry Loudermilk）是杰斐逊县（Jefferson County）的居民，在接受 Trulieve 的清洁工工作之前，他在塔拉哈西（Tallahassee）的一家 Target 商店工作。“这里有少数人目前不太喜欢我们，”他说，“就我个人而言，我很喜欢这份工作。”他刚刚完成了入职第五年。
菲丽西亚和詹姆斯·兰姆（Felicia and James Lamb）在他们物业与佛罗里达州沃金纳（Waukeenah）Trulieve 医用大麻运营区交界的边界处。下方图片显示，水流从该设施的雨水滞留池流向兰姆夫妇的土地。“它看起来像一条小溪，但其实不是，”兰姆女士说，“在 Trulieve 来之前这里没有这个。”一段上传到网上的径流视频激起了反对情绪。
左下，Trulieve 的主生长房，其 11 栋建筑覆盖了 100 万平方英尺。在一个几乎没有其他就业选择的县里，这家雇用了近 300 人的公司拥有支持者。右下，南希和加里·盖巴特（Nancy and Gary Gebhart）在路对面的家中。由于气味问题而避免外出地盖巴特女士说：“别强加在我身上。”
摄影：ZACK WITTMAN 为《纽约时报》拍摄
特朗普的要求使起诉过程混乱 司法部陷入困境
作者：ALAN FEUER
从特朗普总统再次当选的那一刻起，他就强行掌控了司法部的方向盘，通过要求、有时甚至是指示对他的政敌进行调查，在司法部长期以来独立于白宫的传统上留下了深深的痕迹。
但他对方向盘的紧握经常威胁到要将该部门带向深渊。
上周生动地刻画了特朗普先生干预所带来的后果：在短短几天之内，他的行为危及了一起刑事案件，为第二起案件的制裁埋下伏笔，并影响了他的司法部长提名人获得参议院确认的机会。
特朗普先生长期以来认为，他自己就是最好的顾问；而且作为行政部门的领导者，他对下属机构拥有绝对的控制权。但诺曼·L·艾森（Norman L. Eisen）表示，负责联邦执法工作的部门之所以传统上处于总统个人管辖范围之外，是有原因的。艾森是一位参与了近期部分案件的律师，在他职业生涯早期，曾负责奥巴马政府与司法部之间的“无接触”政策。
“当总统干预该部门时，”艾森先生说，“往往会破坏其正常运作。”
上周的问题始于周三。前 F.B.I. 局长詹姆斯·B·科米（James B. Comey）的律师提交的法庭文件披露，特勤局特工曾就其客户发布的一张照片对其进行质询，照片中海滩上的贝壳排列出的数字是“86 47”。文件显示，特工们被要求迅速将面试摘要发送给身在空军一号上的特朗普先生。这次面试在“飞机上是一个热门话题”，且总统“非常感兴趣”。
文件补充道，事实上，特朗普先生想要将特工的笔记作为即将到来的媒体露面时的素材，尽管这些笔记可能包含敏感且未经证实的调查信息。
要求提供笔记的行为，令人震惊地突破了大多数总统与日常监管之间保持的距离。
表示将于 2027 年离职
作者：ALAN BLINDER
布朗大学校长周一表示，她将在即将结束的学年末卸任。此前，她带领布朗大学度过了与特朗普政府之间紧张的谈判，以及一场导致两名学生死亡的校园枪击案的痛苦时期。
校长克里斯蒂娜·H·帕克森（Christina H. Paxson）在任时间比目前任何一所常春藤盟校的领导者都要长。她于 2012 年就任校长。
在周一的一封公开信中，她将自己的辞职描述为“对我个人和我的家庭而言正确的决定”，并指出她此前延长了任期，以应对大学与联邦政府之间的冲突。
去年夏天，该大学通过达成一项协议平息了部分争端。根据协议，布朗大学承诺出资 5000 万美元用于罗德岛州的劳动力发展计划。在特朗普政府采取行动封锁 5.1 亿美元的研究资金后，布朗大学促成了该协议。封锁资金是其更广泛行动的一部分，旨在惩罚那些被认为存在反犹主义且在反对加沙战争抗议活动中不作为的精英大学。
尽管布朗大学的协议明确保留了大学在学术事务上的权力并恢复了研究资金，但其条款还使学校在对待跨性别运动员和“基于功绩”的录取政策方面与政府的方法保持一致。
帕克森博士因该协议面临校园内严重的批评，一些人认为这是一种
刑事调查，并表明了特朗普先生在追击他最痛恨的政治对手之一科米先生时，个人参与的强度。但由于他坚持干预案件，这可能会给他带来麻烦。毕竟，科米先生的律师将这一片段作为证据，证明司法部起诉他（指控其威胁总统）纯粹是为了报复。如果这一主张被证明属实，将导致该案件被撤销。特朗普先生的干涉本能在上周另一起刑事案件的崩溃中也发挥了作用。该案指控前奥运皮划艇运动员大卫·赫恩（David Hearn）破坏了总统最心爱的项目之一——林肯纪念馆反思池。当华盛顿美国检察官珍宁·皮罗（Jeanine Pirro）上个月宣布起诉赫恩先生时，她明确表示，提出这些指控至少部分是因为特朗普先生希望如此。“这不仅是总统的优先事项，”她告诉记者，“也是我自己的优先事项。”然而，在周五晚上，该案以一种极其戏剧的方式瓦解。皮罗女士在法庭文件中突然承认，来自特朗普先生内政部的新信息让她意识到，是糟糕的工程质量而非赫恩先生的任何行为导致了池底衬里的问题。但即便有这样的承认，也没能阻止特朗普先生继续坚持破坏行为的说法。周六上午，他在社交媒体上发布消息称，他完全不同意皮罗女士的观点，而她是一位资深检察官，也是他 40 多年的朋友。“我不知道她在想什么？”特朗普先生写道。虽然赫恩先生的律师尚未披露接下来的行动，但该案的崩溃给他们提供了一个切入点，用以主张总统对此事顽固的表态表明起诉是骚扰性的、轻率的或出于恶意。如果此类行动成功，将增加皮罗女士在打击特朗普先生敌人方面的失败记录——这份名单中已经包括了六名民主党议员，他们在发布一段提醒军方人员有义务无视非法命令的视频后被总统指控煽动叛乱。这还将允许赫恩先生收回他雇佣律师团队进行辩护的法律费用。总统还干预了
是对一个滥用权力的政府的投降行为。但今年晚些时候，她强力拒绝了特朗普政府的一项提案，该提案建议与大学签署一项协议，暗示将研究资金与意识形态的一致性挂钩。
当时，帕克森博士表示，她担心该协议“将限制学术自由并破坏”布朗大学的自治权。
（在帕克森博士周一宣布消息之前的几个小时，政府实际上放弃了关于协议的讨论，并鼓励大学在网站上详细说明他们如何应对一系列关于高等教育的投诉。）
布朗大学动荡的一年于12月演变为悲剧，当时一名布朗大学前学生在校园内开枪，导致两人死亡，另外九人受伤。在帕克森博士试图带领大学度过善后阶段时，她的领导能力受到了审视，尤其是关于学校在罗德岛州普罗维登斯校园的安全保障措施，因为长期以来访客在该地的出入十分便捷。
美国银行首席执行官兼该校校长的布莱恩·T·莫伊尼汉表示，帕克森博士在面对挑战时，以一种“对学术卓越、运营卓越以及协作理念的承诺平衡”带领着布朗大学。
莫伊尼汉先生暗示，战略规划的周期在帕克森博士离职的时机中发挥了作用。他补充说，将将在全国范围内搜寻下一任校长。
华盛顿司法部。特朗普总统的干预危及了一项刑事起诉，为第二项起诉的制裁奠定了基础，并使一项关键任命的机会变得复杂。
关于司法部的另一项重要事务：确认特朗普的前私人律师托德·布兰奇为总检察长。
本周接近尾声时，布兰奇先生似乎在消除其任命的主要障碍方面取得了进展，平息了两名共和党参议员——来自德克萨斯州的约翰·科宁和来自北卡罗来纳州的汤姆·蒂利——所表达的担忧。这些立法者多次对18 亿美元 billion的赔偿基金，以及今年春天因特朗普先生在放弃起诉美国国税局的交易中获得的异常个人税务保护表示不满。
但随着周末临近，总统似乎将布兰奇先生推向了由他自己驾驶的巴士（出卖了他），发布了一份
普拉特金先生表示，事实显然并非如此。他指出了创建该基金的文件中的原始措辞，民主党人称该基金为一个“小金库”，可用于支付 6, 2021, 的被定罪暴徒，以及其他被联邦政府调查、起诉或声称受到不公正对待的特朗普先生的支持者。
创建该基金的文件原始条款规定，该基金“仅在经相关方书面同意后方可修改”——相关方指的是特朗普先生、其儿子埃里克和唐纳德·特朗普小三，特朗普组织以及特定的政府机构。
该基金的创建引发了法律挑战，部分原因是它是由特朗普先生的私人律师在与特朗普政府的律师谈判时起草的。该协议旨在解决特朗普先生的一项诉讼，由于多年前其纳税申报表泄露，他要求美国国税局支付至少 100 亿美元 billion。此外，该协议还旨在解决特朗普先生直接向联邦政府提出的请求，要求就过去联邦调查局对其行为的调查获得 $230 million 的赔偿。
布兰奇先生和其他人辩称，法官无权审查该基金的创建方式及其条款。
然而，布兰奇先生的指令是一份仅由他签署的政府文件。“因此，除非他们达成一份新的执行协议，否则在法律层面上，这一切都毫无意义，”普拉特金先生说道。
一系列混乱且矛盾的信息。
周五，他似乎在退回此前关于撤回布兰奇先生提名的威胁，并再次表示支持创建该基金，而布兰奇先生此前已表示该基金已失效。周六，特朗普先生再次断言，如果参议院不批准布兰奇先生，他将重启该基金，该基金可用于补偿 6, 2021, 冲入国会大厦的暴徒。
蒂利斯先生对此似乎感到困惑且沮丧，认为特朗普先生在确认过程中干扰过多，他仍寄希望于总统这种反反复复的做法能在本周早些时候参议院进入夏季休会前结束。
“令人遗憾的是，我认为符合职位的托德·布兰奇将不会因为这次反转而获得批准，”蒂利斯先生在社交媒体上写道。“希望我们能在周二前解决这个问题。”
周日深夜，此事似乎取得了突破，布兰奇先生发布了两份文件：一份签署的备忘录，其中他表示司法部正式撤销创建该基金的指令；以及一份未签署的声明，由该机构澄清税收保护条款。
布兰奇先生的消息称，这些文件是与参议员进行“诚意讨论”的结果。到周一下午，特朗普先生坚称他没有参与修订计划。
“我没看过，”特朗普先生在椭圆形办公室说道。“我只知道托德·布兰奇很出色。”
民主前进（Democracy Forward）的斯凯·佩里曼表示，这些保证在法律上没有约束力。
首先，总检察长的指令可以被未来的总检察长指令撤销，因此理论上，在布兰奇先生获得批准后的任何时间，该基金都可以通过同类型的书面文件被重启。
加利福尼亚州的民主党参议员亚当·B·希夫在一份声明中呼应了这些担忧，断言新的书面承诺不能防止政府“在下周让这个小金库死而复生”。他指出，关于税收条款中“谁被覆盖以及覆盖什么”仍然模糊不清。
科宁先生在周一对记者发表讲话时予以反驳，称：“除了让总统修改结算协议使其具有法律约束力之外，我们实际上无能为力。”
他补充道：“我们可以做，而且已经做了的是，让托德·布兰奇在宣誓下作证，并且”
然后让司法部在记录中确认，这是他们对这些条款的官方解释。”
蒂利斯先生承认了书面保证可能存在的局限性。“那么，总统是否能完全推翻这一点并创建一个新基金？”他说道。“他可以这样做，然后他得向美国人民交代。”
另一个尚未解决的问题是，在缺乏代理司法部长宣誓声明的情况下，负责监督该基金相关诉讼的法官是否会接受布兰奇先生的书面保证。其中一位法官，莱奥妮·M·布林克玛 (Leonie M. Brinkema)，已要求政府高级官员向法院提交宣誓声明。
对该基金提起诉讼的团体之一——“民主前行”(Democracy Forward) 的总裁兼首席执行官斯凯·佩里曼 (Skye Perryman) 表达了怀疑，认为鉴于政府几周前拒绝遵守法官的请求，布兰奇先生的书面承诺在法律上没有约束力。
“如果司法部真的打算自行终止这项‘反武器化’基金，它就会提交我们案件中法院所要求的宣誓声明，修订创建该基金的协议，并明确该基金无法地重启，”她说。她表示，布兰奇先生和政府“似乎想鱼与熊掌兼得”。
最后，司法部长期以来拥有就针对政府的诉讼达成和解的权力，这意味着无论是否拥有所谓的“反武器化”基金这一正式机制，政府仍然可以向那些声称曾被前任政府侵害的人发放数百万美元的支票。
旨在促使大学 做出改变
作者：迈克尔·C·本德 (MICHAEL C. BENDER) 与 艾伦·布林德 (ALAN BLINDER)
特朗普政府正再次发力，试图说服大学领导者解决其认为已侵蚀美国公众信任的政策。周一，该政府向大学领导者发送了一封公开信，要求他们就学术标准、录取程序和学费成本等担忧做出回应。这封由教育部长琳达·麦克马洪 (Linda McMahon) 签署的信件，与去年的尝试有所不同。去年，政府试图通过所谓的“协议”来激励大学，向那些接受政府议程的学校提供更容易获得研究资金的诱饵。该提案被拒绝了。这一次，政府没有提出任何新的法律或监管指令，并避免了任何关于取消跨性别学生保护的具体要求。相反，麦克马洪女士要求全国每所高等教育机构在“2026年底之前”公开声明其承诺和计划中的变更。大学校长和管理委员会被要求处理七个主题——包括言论自由、外国影响、人工智能和学术严谨性——并将这些声明显著地发布在他们的网站上。麦克马洪女士的信中暗示，这些改变将提升学术界在美国家长和学生中的声誉。她写道：“学术标准的稀释、不透明的录取政策以及主导性的单一文化已严重侵蚀了公众信任，”并补充说，“只有完全的坦诚和透明才能开始加强高等教育与美国人民之间的纽带。”包括数十所顶尖学校在内的美国大学协会 (Association of American Universities) 的领导者在周一的一份声明中承认，该组织的部分成员在周一信件发布前已向政府官员提供了反馈。
这次新的推动发生在包括麦克马洪女士在内的官员们提出一项旨在将学校拉入意识形态统一轨道的协议大约 10 个月之后。该文件要求（在其他条件之外）对国际学生入学人数设定上限；冻结学费；并考虑“改造或废除那些蓄意惩罚、蔑视甚至煽动针对保守派思想之暴力的机构部门”。它还要求机构承诺遵守政府所偏好的关于生物学性别定义。此外，它鼓励采取相关政策以“认可学术自由并非绝对，大学应采取政策以防止歧视性、威胁性、骚扰性或其它缩减大学社区其他成员权利的行为”。但由于白宫挑选的许多用于提供反馈的学校以激烈的措辞谴责了该提案，这一尝试最终崩溃。一个核心不满点在于，政府暗示将为支持该协议想法的学校在联邦资金方面提供优惠待遇。该提案与大学在基于学术功绩争取资金方面累积了几代人的历史、实践和竞争相冲突。该协议设想了严厉的财务处罚，例如，对于任何被司法部认定为不合规的参与大学，要求其偿还“在任何违规年份期间由美国政府预付的所有款项”。尽管少数小型机构自愿签署，但在政府要求提供反馈的知名学校中，只有德克萨斯大学 (University of Texas) 表现得积极。大多数其他学校，无论在公开场合还是私下里，其基调都与萨莉·科恩布鲁斯 (Sally Kornbluth) 相似，
麻省理工学院（M.I.T.）的校长警告称，该提案包含了一些“将限制言论自由以及我们作为机构的独立性”的观点。面对来自高等教育领导者罕见且基本一致的抵制，政府方面退让了。他们开始将部分观点纳入政策中。国务院开始优先处理那些将国际学生在本科课程中的注册人数上限控制在 15% 的学校学生的签证申请，而这一上限正是该协议所设想的。但米切尔博士表示，他对周一的信函中所暗示的“基调变化”感到满意。“这比本届政府出台的许多东西要温和得多，”他说，“我认为它确定了几个重要的积极原则——并且指出了几个我们知道需要改进的地方。”
传统叙事歌（Corridos） 传播速度加快
作者：SASHA VON OLDERSHAUSEN
德克萨斯州奥斯汀 —— 7月初，一名移民局执法人员在洛伦佐·萨尔加多·阿拉霍（Lorenzo Salgado Araujo）前往上班途中将其枪杀，几天后，忧郁的歌曲便开始在社交媒体上出现。
其中一首旋律 —— 或称叙事歌（corrido，一种传统的墨西哥民间民谣）—— 是由海梅·维拉斯奎兹（Jaime Velasquez）在人工智能的帮助下创作的。
42 岁的维拉斯奎兹先生在休斯顿联系紧密、拉丁裔人口密集的木兰公园（Magnolia Park）社区长大。阿拉霍先生于 7 月 7 日在一次交通拦截中在该地被杀。那种团结感让阿拉霍先生的去世显得格外令人心痛。
“就像有人夺走了我的叔叔或父亲一样，”维拉斯奎兹先生说。“尽管我不认识那个家庭，但这触动了我，触到了我的心底。”
他开始记录从新闻广播中收集的枪击细节。然后，他以阿拉霍先生的视角用西班牙语写了一首叙事歌。歌词包括：
7月7日的清晨， 雄鸡在啼鸣，太阳在升起， 我离开家门，心中充满爱与希望……
写完后，他使用一个名为 Zona 的 AI 歌曲生成器来作曲。
“它可以让你添加伴奏并选择声音，”他说。几秒钟内，该软件就制作出了一首完整的叙事歌，他将其分享到了 Facebook 上。在阿拉霍先生被杀两天后，这首叙事歌已经在木兰公园社区回荡，从汽车音响中大声播放。
世世代代以来，叙事歌一直帮助墨西哥人和墨西哥裔美国人社区用自己的方式来理解暴力、不公正和失去。现在，这一拥有数百年历史的传统正与现代现实碰撞：备受关注的移民逮捕和枪击事件，可以在数秒内创作歌曲的 AI，以及在死亡事件尚未被调查清楚之前就能将其传播开来的社交媒体。
Ainara Tiefenthaler 参与报道。
海梅·维拉斯奎兹在休斯顿的一处纪念地演唱他创作的关于洛伦佐·萨尔加多·阿拉霍的叙事歌（一种传统的墨西哥民谣）。右图为维拉斯奎兹先生在家庭工作室中创作这首歌的情景。
自 19 世纪中期以来，叙事歌一直起到一种新闻的作用，记录社区所记得的事件版本，而非官方的版本。
“这是公众所经历的新闻 —— 而不是官方渠道会在报纸上报道的方式，”德克萨斯大学里奥格兰德谷分校的民谣学者特雷西塔·洛萨诺（Teresita Lozano）说道，她的研究探讨了移民政治与叙事歌的交集。
叙事歌的传统可追溯到西班牙的浪漫主义民谣，是殖民者带到墨西哥的。在 1800 年代中期美墨战争后，随着德克萨斯与墨西哥边境紧张局势升级，这种音乐演变成了一种独特的墨西哥形式。
此后创作的数千首叙事歌就像是一部边境的替代历史，记录了暴力、不公正和失去的时刻。
1918 年，当德克萨斯游骑兵（Texas Rangers）袭击边境小村庄波尔韦尼尔（Porvenir）并杀害了 15 名未武装的墨西哥裔美国男子和男孩时，社区成员用一首叙事歌纪念了这次大屠杀。1997 年，一名高中二年级学生埃塞奎尔·埃尔南德斯（Esequiel Hernández）被在德克萨斯边境巡逻的美国海军陆战队枪杀后，他们也采取了同样的做法。
学者们表示，阿拉霍先生的死亡完全符合这一传统。
“这是一个社区以其一百多年来一直采取的方式做出反应，”圣地亚哥州立大学领先的叙事歌学者胡安·卡洛斯·拉米雷兹-皮门塔（Juan Carlos Ramírez-Pimienta）说。
“叙事歌传统依然发挥着那个作用，”他补充道，“即传达愤慨。”
改变之处在于，得益于
（照片由 ANTRANIK TAVITIAN 为《纽约时报》拍摄）
技术，是这些走廊曲（corridos）创作的速度。
洛萨诺女士在 2025 年 9 月查理·柯克去世后，注意到社交媒体上出现了大量由人工智能辅助创作的走廊曲。
“我记得它们出现得非常快，”她说，“我当时在想，‘一个人真的可能写得这么快吗？’”
在过去，走廊曲的传播范围受限于地理位置、电台 DJ 和唱片业。而如今，一首新的走廊曲可以在几小时内完成录制、上传并分享到 TikTok 和 YouTube 等平台。
阿拉霍先生在休斯敦的去世给东区留下了深刻的伤疤。他是一位三个美国出生孩子的父亲，在全市范围内从事房屋建筑工作 35 年，在一次针对另一人的行动中被一名移民海关执法局官员杀害。
报告称，用于提供免费儿童看护
马姆达尼先生的估算与该中心的预测之间的差距，主要归因于教师薪资。该中心的模型纳入了更高的费率，研究人员建议市政府向其签约的儿童看护中心支付该标准。研究人员还发现，该市将不得不雇佣约 23,000 名新的儿童看护工作者，其中大部分将用于配备婴儿及 3 岁以下儿童的教室。
根据该中心的一份独立报告，家庭看护中心（在私人住宅中运行的小型项目）的看护人员中位净到手工资仅为每小时 $6。
市长发言人詹娜·莱尔（Jenna Lyle）没有直接对该中心 90 亿美元 billion 的估算发表评论。
纽约市将需要 聘请 23,000 名 新员工。
timate，但表示该市致力于在满足家长对更多免费护理需求的同时，提高育儿工作者的薪资。她在的一份声明中表示：“兑现这些承诺将需要额外的公共投资，本届政府从一开始就对此明确表示。”
研究人员预计，佐兰·马姆达尼政府将需要创造约 10,000 个新席位，以容纳目前年龄太小而无法进入学前班（pre-K）的婴儿和幼儿。纽约市最有可能通过依赖纽约市碎片化的家庭育儿中心系统来满足这一需求。但其中许多设施服务于使用代金券的家庭，而代金券尚未成为市政府育儿计划的重要组成部分。
马姆达尼先生表示，他希望在不设任何收入限制的情况下提供免费入学，但该中心的报告认为，纳入针对低收入家庭的育儿代金券可能会更简单——且至少能略微降低成本——因为这些代金券目前主要由州政府和联邦政府资助。（例如，市政府可以向所有家庭提供补贴代金券）。
man。他的故事已演变为不仅仅是一个家庭的悲剧：这是一种共同的损失，长期以来一直激励着像 Velasquez 先生这样的人创作叙事民谣（corridos）。“他是一个勤奋的人，每天为了家庭而奔波，”在休斯顿经营一家移动碰撞修复业务的 Velasquez 先生说道，“这就是我每天在做的事。”住在北卡罗来纳州的 Norma Galo Medina 在 Araujo 先生去世后也同样被触动，创作了一首叙事民谣。“我感到巨大的悲伤和震惊，”她说，“我们移民在这个国家所经历的一切，让我想到纪念他的重要性。”她用了两个不眠之夜编写歌词，然后使用一个名为 BandLab 的应用程序进行音乐编曲。“我告诉它我想要墨西哥地区音乐——一首忧伤、哀婉的北部叙事民谣（norteño corrido），”Medina 女士说。她调整了配器和和弦进程。然后她录制了自己的演唱，并使用人工智能（A.I.）来改变音域。“我使用了男声，这样听起来会更有力，”她说。她在 TikTok 上分享了这首叙事民谣，至今已有超过 40,000 次观看。Medina 女士表示，反响之热烈让她深受震撼。
叙事民谣这一流派经历过多次革新。像 Peso Pluma 和 Junior H 这样的当代艺术家推广了“corridos tumbados”（即 Trap 叙事民谣），将传统的叙事民谣与嘻哈和 Trap 音乐的影响相融合。传统主义者质疑这些 Trap 叙事民谣是否还能被称为叙事民谣。来自 Magnolia Park 的 mariachi 替代艺术家 Andrea Daniela 的作品融合了叙事民谣与灵性——她称之为“形而上叙事民谣”（corridos metafísicos）——她认为 A.I. 越界了。“A.I. 无法复制在场感，”她说，“A.I. 无法复制我的激情，我的心。”
叙事民谣学者 Ramírez-Pimienta 先生并不认为这项新技术会对这一艺术形式构成生存威胁。他表示，当商业唱片和广播占据主导地位时，曾经长达七八分钟的叙事民谣被截断，以适应三分钟录音的限制。“尽管有所有这些技术进步，这个流派依然存在，”Ramírez-Pimienta 先生说，“它仍然发挥着作用。”
纽约市市长佐兰·马姆达尼提出的免费育儿系统的支持者。研究人员表示，该市将需要向教育工作者支付更高薪资。市政府尚未公布其自身的成本模型。
（梅洛迪亚女士建议，在一些低收入邮政编码区实施。）
州长凯西·霍库尔已向马姆达尼政府提供 12 亿美元 billion，用于在部分社区启动针对 2 岁幼儿的项目。除了向州政府请求更多资金外，市政厅目前没有在明年之后为该扩展计划提供资金的计划。州长表示，她计划继续资助该项目。
“我们感谢霍库尔州长的合作伙伴关系以及在该工作中投入的初步资金，”发言人莱尔女士表示。
马姆达尼及其盟友已经承诺，将继续向州长施压，要求在奥尔巴尼通过一项针对年收入超过 $1 million 的纽约市居民的增税方案。该中心-
与寄生虫相关
作者：CAROLINE HOPKINS LEGASPI
密歇根州的卫生官员已将两起死亡病例与环孢子虫病（cyclosporiasis）联系起来，这是一种由环孢子虫引起的肠道疾病。美国疾病控制与预防中心（C.D.C.）的一位发言人表示，这是与由 Taylor Farms 供应的冰山生菜引起的一场涉及九个州的疫情相关的首批死亡病例。根据密歇根州卫生部网站上发布的一项更新，两名死亡人员均患有“严重的潜在健康问题，可能受到了环孢子虫病和脱水的影响”。
密歇根州处于这场九州疫情的中心，目前已报告 11,234 例病例和 193 例住院病例。约翰·古泽维奇（John Guzewich）曾在 1997 年至 2011 年期间在食品药品监督管理局（F.D.A.）从事食源性疾病疫情工作，他表示，他并不知晓 C.D.C. 曾报告过美国境内其他与该寄生虫相关的死亡病例。这种寄生虫通过被人类粪便污染的食物或水传播。该感染会导致严重的腹泻，持续时间可从几天到一个月或更久，通常使用抗生素治疗。
马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校的食品安全微生物学家马修·摩尔（Matthew Moore）表示，环孢子虫病在美国导致死亡的情况并不常见。但长期的腹泻对于脆弱人群（包括婴儿、老年人以及孕妇或免疫系统受损者）来说可能是危险的。
这些死亡病例出现在美国环孢子虫病记录最糟糕的一年。自 May 1, 以来，C.D.C. 已确认或正在调查 45 个州的 18,000 多个病例，并报告了 423 例住院病例。不过，密歇根州的卫生官员表示，他们谨慎乐观地认为本州的疫情正开始消退。在 7 月 13 和 20 开始的那几周里，密歇根州每周报告的新病例约为 3,500 例。而上周，该州卫生部报告的新病例仅略高于 2,000 例。
ADAM GRAY 为《纽约时报》供图
该机构的新估算可能会使这项任务变得更加紧迫。为了证明其主张，市政厅很可能需要证明家长们正极力要求增加更多儿童看护名额。到目前为止，情况不一：尽管佐兰·马姆达尼（Zohran Mamdani）先生积极鼓励，但今年申请的家长数量与去年大致相同，而前任市长埃里克·亚当斯（Eric Adams）当时几乎没有对这些项目进行宣传。
市府官员表示，他们对家长对 2 岁幼儿名额的需求感到鼓舞；入学数据将于周二公布。莱尔（Lyle）女士表示：“对我们首次 2-K 申请季的极高响应证明了需求的真实存在。现在我们的责任就是满足这一需求。”
犹太裔美国人。”这场竞选分化了著名的民主党人，并吸引了大量外部资金，几乎全部用于帮助斯蒂文斯女士，其中包括超过 $60 million 支持斯蒂文斯的超级政治行动委员会（super PAC）广告。对于民主党的左翼来说，这场竞选是一个机会，可以在这个进步派、反建制候选人取得进展的初选季中，赢得迄今为止最重大的胜利。对于中间派来说，这场竞选是一个机会，可以将政党引导至其认为在 11 月能取得更强胜算的蓝图方向。斯蒂文斯女士是来自底特律郊区的温和派，她在 2018 年民主党浪潮中首次当选，她表示自己是最有能力在 11 月击败前众议员迈克·罗杰斯（Mike Rogers）的人，后者是无需面对初选竞争的共和党候选人。她及其盟友强调她专注于密歇根州，并将埃尔-赛义德博士塑造为一个更关注其全国形象的人，
且其观点可能会疏远摇摆选民。埃尔-赛义德博士如果能在今年秋天当选，将成为首位穆斯林参议员。他是一名进步派人士，在 2018 年州长初选中落败，此后几年中写了一本书并主持了一个播客。他将自己定位为工人阶级的捍卫者和反对企业利益的斗士。他希望废除美国移民和海关执法局（ICE），并对美国以色列公共事务委员会（AIPAC）持尖锐批评态度，而后者通过其主要的超级政治行动委员会花费了超过 $30 million 的广告来支持斯蒂文斯女士。在竞选的最后一个周末，候选人们继续交锋，埃尔-赛义德博士指责斯蒂文斯女士的竞选活动“摇摇欲坠”，而斯蒂文斯女士则辩称她是“唯一能让密歇根州保持蓝色的候选人”。在初选前夕，这场竞选的激烈基调让党内感到紧张。“我觉得他可能陷入了低谷，并且在胡乱攻击，”斯蒂文斯女士在最近一次于马斯基冈（Muskegon）竞选活动站的采访中谈到她的竞争对手时说道。
关于以色列的分歧
在全国民主党人正就中东政策进行激烈辩论之际，两名候选人在美国与以色列应维持什么样的关系这一问题上，分歧极大。
斯蒂文斯女士表示，她不认为以色列及其总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡（Benjamin Netanyahu）在加沙地带实施了种族灭绝。她投票支持继续资助以——
对一名密歇根州进步派人士而言
作者：EVAN GORELICK
密歇根州一个关键选区的民主党人渴望赶走一名处境不利的共和党现任议员，因为他们希望在11月重新夺回众议院的控制权。
但首先，他们必须在内部解决一场混乱且激烈的竞争，一些人担心这可能会在今年秋天复杂化他们的计划。
周二将决定结果的民主党初选在近几周被敌对情绪所笼罩。两名温和派候选人——他们拒绝了另一阵营要求退选的呼吁——可能会分散选票，从而为一名左翼希望之星打开大门，而中间派民主党人认为，此人会在大选中疏远摇摆选民。
进步派支持者相信他能赢，并将这次竞选视为本初选季建立势头的几个机会之一。
较为温和的候选人是退役海军海豹突击队成员马特·马斯丹（Matt Maasdam），以及布里吉特·A·布林克（Bridget A. Brink），后者因特朗普总统与俄罗斯关系的亲密而辞去了乌克兰大使一职。在他们激烈竞争的同时，由佛蒙特州独立参议员伯尼·桑德斯（Bernie Sanders）支持的进步派组织者威廉·劳伦斯（William Lawrence）已成为初选中的强力竞争者。胜出者将面对众议员汤姆·巴雷特（Tom Barrett），后者被视为今年中期选举中风险最高的一批共和党现任议员之一。
“人们绝对担心劳伦斯能否击败巴雷特，”州参议员莎拉·安东尼（Sarah Anthony）表示，她代表密歇根州第七选区的选民，但尚未在众议院选举中表态支持任何人。她补充说，这种相互指责“可能会以我们尚未察觉的方式损害我们的政党”。
此次初选是周二多场民主党竞争之一，其中一个在本次初选中取得了一些高知名度胜利的造反进步派运动……
无条件地支持以色列军队，且不对美国以色列公共事务委员会（AIPAC）代表她花费的数百万美元道歉。“如果她是在与本雅明·内塔尼亚胡竞争，我根本不会考虑她，”底特律迪尔伯恩市《阿拉伯美国新闻》（The Arab American News）的发行人奥萨马·A·西布拉尼（Osama A. Siblani）表示。“海莉·斯蒂文斯是一个可悲的人。她是个失败者。她不应该在参议院里。”
埃尔-赛义德博士在上个月的一次采访中表示，他不认为以色列应该作为一个犹太国家存在。今年3月，当底特律郊区的一家犹太会堂遭到袭击时，他发布了一段谴责暴力的视频，但附带了一个限制性说明，指出这次袭击是由以色列在中东的行动激发的，这激怒了一些当地的犹太官员。
“我们可以且必须谴责对以色列圣殿（Temple Israel）的袭击，我们也可以且必须谴责 6,000 英里外的暴力，”埃尔-赛义德博士当时说道。“我们也可以且必须谴责那种允许领导者发动战争并假装没有后果的破败政治。”
支持斯蒂文斯女士的密歇根大学选任校董乔丹·阿克（Jordan Acker）表示，如果埃尔-赛义德博士当选参议员，密歇根州的犹太社区将处于风险之中。“他的言论给了人们针对本州犹太社区采取行动的许可，”阿克先生说。“阿卜杜勒在让密歇根州犹太社区放心——即如果阿卜杜勒进入政府，他们将获得身体安全——方面还有很多工作要做。”
民主党人在近年来对以色列的批评日益增加，密歇根州的初选将为党内观点提供一次新的衡量。AIPAC及其盟友在广播电视中投放了大量广告，吹捧斯蒂文斯女士与前总统巴拉克·奥巴马的关系（她曾参与他拯救底特律汽车工业的行动），并抨击埃尔-赛义德博士曾写过一篇对米歇尔·奥巴马持怀疑态度的评论文章。
“AIPAC在这次竞选中的投入程度是更广泛问题的象征，”J Street（一个支持竞选第三候选人马洛里·麦克莫罗 Mallory McMorrow 的中左翼犹太游说团体，后者已于7月初退选）的负责人杰里米·本-阿米（Jeremy Ben-Ami）表示。“这一直具有破坏性。我们认为这种程度的介入绝不会对以色列产生任何好处。”
一场激烈的角逐
双方在一点上达成共识： 对于任何希望在 11 月赢得参议院多数席位的方案来说，保住由两届任期届满即将退休的民主党参议员加里·彼得斯（Gary Peters）留下的密歇根州席位至关重要。民主党必须保住现有席位，并至少夺回四个由共和党把持的席位，才能掌控该议院。
该州在过去三届总统选举中立场摇摆。
众议员汤姆·巴雷特（Tom Barrett）被认为是本届选举中风险最高的共和党在任议员之一。
这个季节，其吸引力正面临新的考验。从阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德（Abdul El-Sayed）博士在密歇根州备受瞩目的参议院初选中力图击败一名受建制派支持的对手，到前“小队”（Squad）成员、众议员科里·布什（Cori Bush）在密苏里州的回归尝试，再到民主社会党人多纳万·麦金尼（Donavan McKinney）在底特律试图罢免一名在任民主党人的努力，左翼阵营面临的赌注很高。
而密歇根州第七选区这场不寻常的混战正点燃进步派的希望。
上个月，两场温和派竞选活动之间的竞争变得难看，当时在巴雷特先生之前持有该席位的民主党参议员埃莉莎·斯洛特金（Elissa Slotkin）正式支持马斯丹（Maasdam）先生，并为其拍摄了一支超级 PAC 广告，将其姓名列入募款材料中。斯洛特金女士对马斯丹先生的干预令一些民主党人感到震惊和不满，尤其是布林克（Brink）女士阵营的人，他们认为这位前大使获胜的路径更清晰。
近期，竞选中的紧张局势升级，负面广告和指责满天飞。
“情况一直非常困难，尤其是过去两周的背书和那些糟糕的电视广告，”代表第七选区选民并支持布林克女士的州众议员詹妮弗·康林（Jennifer Conlin）表示。
众议院民主党竞选机构在初选中尚未发表背书。与此同时，支持全民医疗保险以及停止向以色列出售武器的劳伦斯（Lawrence）先生，在竞选的最后冲刺阶段似乎正在积累势头。
他在 2024 年发表的一段评论在网上流传后也面临批评，他在评论中称，老一代的黑人民主党领导层“削弱了白色左翼的攻击力”。国会黑人议员团（Congressional Black Caucus）的政治组织表示，他的支持者应该撤回对他的支持。劳伦斯先生表示他对此评论感到遗憾。
海莉·斯蒂文斯（Haley Stevens）周日在密歇根州麦迪逊高地（Madison Heights）出席活动。这场竞争吸引了大量外部资金，几乎全部用于帮助斯蒂文斯女士，其中包括超过 $60 million 的支持斯蒂文斯超级 PAC 广告。
阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德（Abdul El-Sayed）六月在密歇根州罗穆卢斯（Romulus）出席活动。埃尔-赛义德博士的竞选资金比斯蒂文斯女士更充足，但数周以来，他一直被大量支持斯蒂文斯的广告所淹没。他与包括独立派参议员伯尼·桑德斯（Bernie Sanders）在内的进步派名流共同举办了竞选集会。
劳伦斯先生在一次采访中表示，他是一个“一直处于学习和成长之中的人”。他补充说，他已经与众议院领导层取得了联系，并且如果当选，他将……
马特·马斯达姆 (Matt Maasdam) 是一位退役的海豹突击队队员，是在一场激烈的竞争中两名温和派民主党人之一。
选举。参议院竞选的结果可能会在民主党总统候选人提名过程中产生反响，而密歇根州预计将成为首批为总统候选人投票的州之一。埃尔-赛义德博士 (Dr. El-Sayed) 的竞选活动正押注于——
将支持纽约州众议员哈基姆·杰弗里斯 (Hakeem Jeffries) 出任议长。 共和党人则渴望与左翼候选人竞争，并将他们描绘成处于主流之外的人物。
布里奇特·布林克 (Bridget Brink) 是前乌克兰大使，她认为自己赢得选举的路径更为清晰。
NIC ANTAYA 为《纽约时报》拍摄
NICK HAGEN 为《纽约时报》拍摄
HAIYUN JIANG / 《纽约时报》
威尔·劳伦斯 (Will Lawrence) 是一位进步派人士，可能会从中获益。一些共和党人希望面对他。
因此，当一个神秘的超级政治行动委员会 (super PAC) 在上月底突然出现，并开始投放攻击马斯达姆先生且宣传劳伦斯先生的广告时，一些民主党人指责共和党在干预。
佛蒙特州，以及纽约州的民主党众议员亚历山德里亚·奥卡西奥-科尔特斯 (Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez)。埃尔-赛义德博士只是周二挑战建制派民主党候选人的少数左翼候选人之一。民主社会党正在两场众议院竞选中开展竞争激烈的活动，第三名候选人则试图罢免安阿博 (Ann Arbor) 的市长。对许多人来说，这场参议院竞选具有深刻的个人色彩。斯蒂文斯 (Ms. Stevens) 女士的密歇根州口音甚至成为了争论焦点，批评者嘲笑她或质疑该口音，而支持者则将其作为集结的号角。埃尔-赛义德博士已敦促他的支持者不要对她进行人身攻击。斯蒂文斯女士若要打破近期民调结果并获胜，需要黑人选民的大量投票；民调显示，部分得益于 AIPAC 投放的包含奥巴马先生对她赞赏的广告，她在该群体中具有明显优势。这段剪辑出自 2018 年一次集会，当时斯蒂文斯女士首次竞选众议员，该片段在密歇根州的黑人观众中被广泛播放。支持埃尔-赛义德博士的劳动家庭党 (Working Families Party) 密歇根州主任布兰登·斯奈德 (Branden Snyder) 表示，他自己的表亲认为奥巴马先生已经背书了斯蒂文斯女士。（实际上他并没有。）斯奈德先生说，埃尔-赛义德博士在年轻白人选民和受过大学教育的进步派中显然更受欢迎。“对于非大学学历和黑人选民，他还需要做大量工作来弥补差距，”斯奈德先生说。在最近于底特律郊区坎顿镇 (Canton Township) 举行的一场竞选集会上，埃尔-赛义德博士预测，那些用于攻击他的超级 PAC 资金将徒劳无功。“热情是买不来的，”他说。至于斯蒂文斯女士，她否定了参议院初选是民主党方向衡量标准这一观点。“他们都说，‘天哪，这是党的未来，’”
她在马斯基根 (Muskegon) 告诉支持者们，“我的反应是，好吧，那确实很好，但我的州和我的人民的未来怎么说？”
留在初选中 可能会颠覆秋季计划。
民主党人指出，他们使用的一家鲜为人知的南达科他州银行与共和党操盘手有关。这个名为密歇根州日出政治行动委员会（Michigan Sunrise PAC）的团体未回应置评请求。 布林克女士在一份声明中表示，她接触的选民“看穿了这场竞选中发起的绝望谎言、相互攻击和抹黑，并对这种政治方式感到厌倦”。 马斯达姆先生的竞选经理艾玛·格伦德豪瑟在一份声明中表示，竞选活动“并非专注于在华盛顿特区指责他人”，而是在与选民沟通。 当斯洛特金女士支持马斯达姆先生并为其拍摄广告时，布林克女士的一些盟友对时机感到困惑——并担心斯洛特金女士会削弱他们认为布林克女士在竞选早期所建立的势头。 对民调资料及相关书面信函的审查显示，斯洛特金女士曾在 2025 年 6 月分发了吹捧马斯达姆先生前景的民调数据；据多位熟悉情况并要求匿名为描述私人对话的民主党人透露，她还招募他参选。 “斯洛特金参议员极其专注于一件事：将她之前的席位从共和党（红色）变回民主党（蓝色），”斯洛特金女士的发言人乔什·斯图尔特表示。
贯穿于 前行之路的讨论
作者：艾玛·戈德堡 (EMMA GOLDBERG)
芝加哥 —— 在国家峰会的第一天之后，聚集在芝加哥南区一家简陋酒吧里的民主社会主义者们心情亢奋。来自俄勒冈州波特兰的 31 岁女性海莉·巴尼艾-贝克尔 (Hayley Banyai-Becker) 站在椅子上，号召美国民主社会党 (D.S.A.) 的成员们继续坚守在“阶级斗争的前线”。但出现了一个问题：没人能听清她的声音。“他们是不是把音乐调大了？”巴尼艾-贝克尔女士在愤怒的摇滚乐砰砰声中大喊。 “大声点叫！”一名美国民主社会党成员说道。 “我们要不要一个接一个上去让他们把音乐关小？”另一人问道。 “让我们组织起来！”第三个人说。 “等我们和老板谈完后再继续，”巴尼艾-贝克尔女士说，随即走向酒吧的所有者——而对方恰好也是当地美国民主社会党的成员。如果说拿着锤子的人看哪里都是钉子，那么也可以说
美国民主社会党即使在喧闹的派对中，也能找到战斗的理由。在几场备受关注的初选获胜之后，这场聚集了近 500 名美国民主社会党（该国最大的社会主义组织）成员的国家会议，似乎应该是欣喜若狂的，就像一群 20 岁出头的人在夏令营社交活动中，莫名地发现自己击败了民主党的骨干，并拿到了纽约市政府的钥匙。但当美国民主社会党成员聚集在一起参加诸如“建立工人阶级团结”之类的会议时，欣喜并非主导情绪。这更像是一种焦虑的热忱，一种紧张的期待，以及一种沉重的认知：他们希望实现的一切 —— 在 2028, 年推出一名总统候选人，将组织规模扩大到一百万名成员 —— 只有在经历 1,000 多个小时的严肃辩论之后才会实现。 “无论我们是有 20,000 名成员还是
100,000 名成员，总会有务实的人，也会有更坚持原则的人，” 28, 岁的亚特兰大分部领导者内特·克诺夫 (Nate Knauf) 说道。 这是该组织面临的真正挑战。虽然美国民主社会党支持的候选人在最近的一些初选中获胜，但该组织的决策过程与传统政党截然不同。尽管其领导层坚称这是一种特性 —— 即民主在发挥作用 —— 但内部的混乱也引发了疑问，特别是关于该组织计划如何应对一些民主党人的担忧，他们担心会因为关联而被贴上极端分子的标签，更不用说来自右翼的猛烈敌意。但在周五晚上简陋酒吧的闪烁灯光下，在弹珠机、拍照亭和一块广告 $7 啤酒的黑板周围，美国民主社会党的成员们挥舞着拳头。他们组成了一片穿着印有“火热的社会主义之夏”卫衣的海洋，佩戴着印有获胜的美国民主社会党候选人名字的徽章，手臂上纹着玫瑰，手提袋里塞满了社会主义阅读材料。坐在后方的椅子上
美国民主社会党 即使在喧闹的派对中， 也能找到战斗的理由。
分享投票率策略，并赞赏极左翼的周边商品（断头台耳环、“房东很糟糕”的别针以及该组织的象征——红玫瑰）。许多人否定了其立场可能成为政治问题的观点，并表示觉得没有必要使其温和化。他们认为，选举的胜利证明了民主党选民正向他们靠拢。
随着激进的社会党运动更深地渗透进民主党，且美国民主社会党（D.S.A.）支持的候选人在今年从纽约到科罗拉多州将现任民主党人赶下台并取得其他胜利，这种通常难以共存的挑战正变得更加突出。其中包括双方关于与对方合作之实用性的质疑。
对于像废除监狱和取消参议院等诉求，民主党智库美国进步中心主席尼拉·坦登将其描述为“对国家绝大多数人来说是有毒的”。她预测共和党将把社会党政策作为“其主要攻击线之一”。事实上，特朗普总统和其他共和党领导人正采取进一步行动，试图将近期的民主党被提名人错误地贴上“共产主义者”的标签。
民主社会党接下来的重大考验将从周二在密歇根州和密苏里州举行的美国众议院民主党初选开始。而阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德，一位虽非民主社会党人但与美国民主社会党许多优先事项一致的进步派医生，正在关键战场密歇根州竞选参议员。
一周后将举行威斯康星州的民主党州长初选，州议员兼美国民主社会党成员弗朗西斯卡·洪在该选举中处于领先地位。与今年民主社会党赢得初选的许多左倾地区不同，威斯康星州是一个长期的摇摆州。
尽管她接受了美国民主社会党的标签，但洪女士已经退回了她过去支持废除警察和参议院的言论。上周她在一次辩论中表示，她“不支持美国民主社会党全国平台的全部内容”，且“并未获得美国民主社会党全国组织的背书”。
在一次采访中，洪女士表示，“当我被定格为美国民主社会党的候选人时，我对此感到担忧。”
“你可以是一个民主社会党人并获得当地分会的背书，但在其他决定上持有异议，”她补充道。
在峰会上接受采访的人中，没有人建议美国民主社会党放弃其核心理念。但在以下问题上存在大量分歧：该组织支持的候选人是否应被要求公开其社会党身份，并严格遵守该组织近期更新的平台中的每一项优先事项；或者，当他们试图吸引持怀疑态度的选民时，美国民主社会党是否应该允许他们保持一定的距离。
“并没有要求你必须循规蹈矩，在所有事情上都同意并鹦鹉学舌地重复党路线，”来自奥兰多且在组织管理委员会中的美国民主社会党成员克利夫·康诺利说道。
有些人似乎持有不同看法。
吧台边的一只标本鹿——有些人称之为“鹿领袖”——穿着一件红色的民主社会党衬衫。
在洒满啤酒、黏糊糊的桌子周围，一些成员在讨论列昂·托洛茨基和尤金·德布斯，另一些人则将话题集中在更接地气的领域，讨论威斯康星州的民主社会党州长候选人弗朗西斯卡·洪，以及纽约市的民主社会党市长佐兰·马姆达尼。（一名成员自告奋勇地提到，他在 2018 年早退参加高中舞会，是为了出演马姆达尼先生的一段说唱视频。）
在峰会内部，气氛是激烈煽动（“杀死你脑海中那个亚伦·索金式《西翼》自由派！”纽约州伊萨卡的社会党民选官员乔治·德芬迪尼说道，并补充道，“党魁们并不是真实的！”）与研究生院式论述的混合体。在商品台附近有一个书架，摆放着《废除租金》和《人民资本主义指南》。书商表示，《共产党宣言》在第一天的下午 5 点之前就售罄了。
不过，许多成员来到这里并不是为了进行关于卡尔·马克思的模糊讨论。
主流民主党人表示，美国民主社会党 (D.S.A.) 的品牌对“绝大多数人来说是有毒的”。
“我相信如果她读过纲领并真正了解其中的内容，她不会反对其中的任何一项，”新泽西州的 D.S.A. 领导人米凯拉·布兰根在谈到洪女士时说道。
一方面有两个党团，Groundwork 和 Socialist Majority，它们被认为更加务实（即使按照 D.S.A. 的标准来看也偏右）。其成员专注于在体制内运作，使社会党人在民主党候选名单中当选，并且对于那些为了推进进步议程而做出妥协的政治家更为宽容。他们在纽约市具有特别强大的影响力，这里也是 D.S.A. 两位最著名成员的所在地：市长 佐兰·马姆达尼 和代表亚历山德里亚·奥卡西奥-科尔特斯。
该组织全国主席之一且为 Groundwork 成员的阿希克·西迪克表示，他希望该组织
就在 D.S.A. 成员们社交的简陋酒吧仅一英里之遥的地方，另一个派系正在举办一场名为“DSA支持AOC”的聚会。聚会地点是一家稍微不那么简陋的酒吧，成员们站在迪斯科球下，啜饮着水果鸡尾酒，试图争取组织支持纽约州代表亚历山德里亚·奥卡西奥-科尔特斯在 2028 年竞选总统。这位国会议员并未出席，也没有表示她是否将参选总统。“在 D.S.A. 内部，谁能仅仅通过说这是一个好主意就赢得一场竞选？”全国选举主席凯蒂·西姆斯问道，他们穿着舒适的运动鞋站在椅子上。“我们需要在整个组织中建立广泛的共识，”他们补充道。但共识对于 D.S.A. 成员来说是罕见的成就。在他们正苦苦思考或近期试图解决的问题中包括：花时间尝试赢得选举是否值得，或者选举政治注定会令人失望，因为官员们会让运动失望？他们应该尝试推举奥卡西奥-科尔特斯女士竞选总统，还是她已经与 D.S.A. 保持了太远的距离？他们是否应该支持亲以色列的候选人？在 D.S.A. 全国峰会上漫步，你会听到人们说该组织的定义在于其内部裂痕和紧张关系的深度。你也会听到，他们绝不能被其内部紧张关系所定义。而且你可能会开始认为，也许这种分歧本身就具有说明意义。D.S.A. 的成员们像霍格沃茨分院一样，将自己分成了十几个党团。有“面包与玫瑰”、马克思主义统一小组、红星、Groundwork 和共产党党团。有些党团，如 Groundwork，专注于赢得选举。而另一些，如“面包与玫瑰”，则将时间奉献给工会组织。而且
成员们称之为“共产主义党团”（Commie Caucus）的组织据称会在派对上发放香烟。“党团之战是传奇性的，”全国联合主席梅根·罗默（Megan Romer）顽皮地开玩笑道。（甚至在应该是“面包与玫瑰”还是“面包 & 玫瑰”的问题上也有激烈的争论。）党团与成员之间的紧张关系有所升级，因为这种矛盾既基于个性——谁说话最多，谁想管理分会，谁想竞选市议员——也基于原则，重点关注加沙战争和最低工资问题。成员们通常希望内部分歧能保持私密，尽管这些分歧往往最终被公开张贴在 X 上，并在大型集会上引发激烈的争吵。（或许正是因为这种想要展现统一的愿望，峰会组织者要求媒体仅与名单上的约 40 名成员交谈，其中许多人在组织中担任领导职务，尽管在峰会之外和派对上，其他人则渴望交流。）“我关注党团的戏剧性冲突；我也参与其中，” 36 岁的亚特兰大成员马特·纳赛（Matt Nursey）说道，听起来有点像一个试图帮人戒掉八卦习惯的心理治疗师。“但归根结底，我们的目标是一致的。”对于许多成员来说，美国民主社会党（D.S.A.）既是政治家园也是社交家园。巴尼亚伊-贝克尔（Banyai-Becker）女士在 D.S.A. 的大会上遇到了她的男友。来自丹佛的领导者安德鲁·汤普森（Andrew Thompson）最近为自己举办了一场离婚派对，参加者全是他在 D.S.A. 的朋友。来自奥兰多的全国领导者克里夫·康诺利（Cliff Connolly）表示，D.S.A. 为他提供的社交功能，与他的父母在 30 多岁时天主教会所扮演的角色相同。
更清晰地详细说明哪些优先事项是紧急的（如经济救济），哪些是抱负性的（如废除监狱）。西迪克（Siddique）先生认为，这可能对该组织的候选人有所帮助，因为他觉得对手往往盯着那些最具有抱负性的目标。
该运动的另一个翼系以马克思主义统一小组（Marxist Unity Group）、面包与玫瑰（Bread and Roses）和红星（Red Star）等党团为特色，这些党团在全国范围内影响力更大，专注于通过颠覆体制来实施社会主义政策。他们拥有更严格的意识形态纯洁性测试，一些成员主张 D.S.A. 应该完全脱离民主党并成立自己的政党。
来自休斯顿、隶属于“面包与玫瑰”的更左翼成员塞雷娜·埃尔米塔尼奥（Cerena Ermitanio）认为，温和派党团对于那些“隐藏玫瑰”的候选人过于宽容，她说，这些人“不提及自己是一名民主社会主义者”。
“我们认为我们的候选人需要自豪地佩戴他们的玫瑰，”她说。
在一些活动人士看来，同样令人担忧的是那些被认为在重要政策上偏离了运动的候选人。
例如，奥卡西奥-科尔特斯（Ocasio-Cortez）女士已经与主流民主党人建立了联系，并被视为潜在的总统候选人，但在 D.S.A. 的左翼成员中，她仍然是一个充满争议的话题，这些人表示，他们仍然对她过去在加沙战争中的一些立场感到不满。
尽管这位国会议员是国会中对以色列最敢于发声的批评者之一，但左翼的一些人认为，她在表达对巴勒斯坦人的支持方面力度不够。在 2024 年，全国——
“我们这一代人太疏离了——当你面对一块画布时，那是一场巨大的社交盛事，”24 岁的萨拉·阿尔莫萨维（Sara Almosawi）说道，她今年担任美国民主社会党青年分部的主席。
峰会面临的一个核心问题是，美国民主社会党（D.S.A.）在规模扩大时是否应该尝试走主流路线，以及在吸收那些被马姆达尼（Mamdani）先生等名人社会党人的魅力所吸引的新成员时，是否会保留其古怪且极度严肃的文化。
但与任何一名成员交谈三分钟后，关于组织走向主流的焦虑感就变得不再重要了。对话中浸染着一种坚持不懈且晦涩的词汇。成员们谈论以“同志般”的方式处理分歧，成为一个“多倾向组织”，建立一个涵盖从“伯尼派”到“马克思列宁主义者”所有人的“大帐篷”团体。
“你会说这些是分歧，”来自新泽西州的 D.S.A. 全国领导人、46 岁的米凯拉·布兰根（Michaela Brangan）说道。她停顿了一下，然后承认道：“我也会说它们是分歧。但实际上，这是一次同志间的讨论。”
钱普里特·辛格（Chanpreet Singh）表示，争取那些“人们认为不可行的事情”是没有问题的。
全国 D.S.A. 撤回了对她的有条件支持。
在芝加哥，对奥卡西奥-科尔特斯（Ms. Ocasio-Cortez）的强烈支持主要集中在由 Groundwork 组织在附近一家酒吧举办的派对上，成员们在会上高喊她的绰号 A.O.C.，并誓要让怀疑者转而支持她竞选总统。她尚未表示是否参选。
“我不主张让完美成为优秀的敌人，”Groundwork 成员、奥卡西奥-科尔特斯的支持者迪特·莱曼·莫拉莱斯（Dieter Lehmann Morales）说道。
显然为了展现统一，峰会组织者要求新闻媒体仅采访名单上的大约 40 名成员，其中许多人担任领导职务。但在峰会之外以及像奥卡西奥-科尔特斯集会这样的派对上，其他人则公开表达观点。
来自佛罗里达州的克里夫·康诺利（Cliff Connolly）表示，内部的异议是被接受的。
民主党会“把我们踢出去”吗？
约汉娜·冯·马克（Johanna Von Maack）坐在一间光线昏暗的酒吧里，对面是一个戴着 D.S.A. 帽子（有些人称之为“鹿领袖”）的鹿头标本，她在思考民主党还会容忍其内部的社会党人多久。
“我在想，最终发生的情况是否是民主党把我们踢出去，”纽约 D.S.A. 成员冯·马克女士说道。她对此前景似乎并不太不快，理由是民主党需要社会党人的程度超过了 D.S.A. 需要他们的程度。
目前，该团体满足于在民主党的候选名单中运行其候选人，但芝加哥的一些人考虑组建一个新政党或以独立人士身份参选。
D.S.A. 的许多人还在考虑未来可以取代哪些民主党在任者。早在 6 月纽约初选获胜之夜，极具挑衅力的社会主义影响力人物哈桑·派克（Hasan Piker）就已经在嘲讽纽约州代表、支持以色列的民主党人里奇·托雷斯（Ritchie Torres）。
“你最好表现得正派点，里奇，”派克先生在他的直播中说道，并威胁要在 2028 年寻找一名初选挑战者。“你还有两年的时间。”
这种自信贯穿了整个峰会，成员们推测将推翻像少数党领袖、众议员哈基姆·杰弗里斯（Hakeem Jeffries）这样高调的纽约民主党人，并在 2030 年挑战州长凯茜·霍楚尔（Kathy Hochul）和参议员基尔斯滕·吉利布兰德（Kirsten Gillibrand）。
“我们正在考虑所有这些事情，”纽约 D.S.A. 领导人奥利维亚·冈萨雷斯·基林斯沃思（Olivia Gonzalez Killingsworth）说道。“如果不这么做，我们就太傻了。”
周五在芝加哥 Maria’s Packaged Goods and Community Bar 举行的派对上，与会者倾听凯蒂·西姆斯（Katie Sims）的发言（上图）。在海亚特摄政麦考密克广场（Hyatt Regency McCormick Place）峰会现场浏览当地书店的政治书籍（上方）。
约汉娜·冯·马克认为民主党现在需要社会党人。
战略问题
作者：MITCH SMITH
堪萨斯州，交汇城 —— 堪萨斯州的民主党人已经习惯了失败。自 20 世纪 60 年代以来，还没有任何一名民主党人在总统选举中赢得该州。距离堪萨斯州民主党人赢得美国参议院选举已经过去近一个世纪。在堪萨斯州，不仅登记为共和党的选民远多于民主党人，民主党人的数量甚至也少于那些没有任何政党隶属关系的选民。尽管如此，当堪萨斯州人民选举州长时，情况往往有所不同：他们经常选择一名民主党人。由于两任连任的现任州长劳拉·凯利（Laura Kelly）因任期限制无法再次参选，民主党初选选民正在寻找她的继任者。这些选民深知，要在堪萨斯州获胜需要一种特定类型的民主党人，而共和党则将该州视为夺回州长之位的最佳机会之一。
与其他民主党捍卫空缺席位的地区一样，堪萨斯州民主党党内三方角逐的焦点在于：获胜可能性、党派价值观，以及如何应对特朗普 era。但与全美其他地区（包括纽约市众议院席位和威斯康星州州长之争）中温和派民主党人与民主社会党人对抗的初选不同，堪萨斯州的辩论发生在一个窄得多的意识形态光谱内。在对堪萨斯州各地的采访中，民主党选民表示，他们正在寻找一名具有足够广泛吸引力的候选人，以便在 11 月赢得中间派甚至保守派选民的支持。但在他们列举对特朗普总统治理方式的担忧时，一些选民也表示，他们担心跨党派合作与屈服之间的界限变得模糊。
“在堪萨斯州，我们都意识到必须提名一名温和的民主党人，”领导赖利县民主党且尚未背书任何候选人的凯尔姆·莱尔（Kelm Lear）表示，“但我们要确保，一名温和的民主党人绝不能是在核心价值观上低头的人。”
无论周二的初选谁获胜，一场艰苦的大选之战都在等待着他们。在共和党方面，特朗普先生已为州参议院议长泰·马斯特森（Ty Masterson）背书，后者曾协助推翻了凯利女士对数十项法案的否决，这些法案涵盖了从跨性别问题到选举政策的广泛领域。在 35 号州际公路沿线，到处可见特朗普先生与马斯特森先生并肩而立的广告牌，马斯特森先生被视为竞争激烈的初选中的领先者。
从书面上看，民主党的州长候选人们看起来非常相似。在民调中领先的两人——辛迪·霍尔舍（Cindy Holscher）和伊森·科森（Ethan Corson）——都是来自堪萨斯市郊区同一县的州参议员，且在社会问题上基本遵循党派路线。两人都被描述为温和派，且都在此前由共和党赢得的立法选区中获胜。第三位候选人，欧弗兰帕克市市长库尔特·斯科格（Curt Skoog），同样是一位政见温和的郊区居民。
尽管具有相似之处，但这些候选人采取了截然不同的竞选策略，吸引了非常不同类型的民主党选民，在某些方面呼应了全美范围内关于党内方向的更广泛斗争。科森先生试图复制凯利州长在堪萨斯州获胜的“中间路线”剧本，在很大程度上是通过向所有人告知凯利女士已为其背书。他为凯利女士与共和党人合作、通过创造激励措施吸引大企业进入堪萨斯州的努力辩护。尽管他承诺在必要时敢于对抗总统，但科森先生也极力赞美跨党派合作的优点。霍尔舍女士则赢得了许多人的支持...
通过拥护经济民粹主义并将自己塑造为“建制派”的对手，她在进步派阵营中获得了支持。她要求暂停数据中心建设，并批评了一项由凯利（Kelly）支持的协议，该协议旨在提供激励措施，以吸引堪萨斯城酋长队（Kansas City Chiefs）从密苏里州跨州搬迁至堪萨斯州。在一次采访中，她将堪萨斯州的一些共和党立法者描述为“法西斯分子”。尽管科森（Mr. Corson）先生积累了大量的竞选捐款并获得了知名人士的背书，但在该场竞选有限的公开民调中，霍尔舍（Ms. Holscher）女士以大幅领先优势处于前列。“她一直在奋斗，”教育工作者克里斯托弗·雷纳（Christopher Renner）在一家餐厅听完她对数十名选民发表讲话后表示，他已经投票给了霍尔舍女士。其他选民则认为科森先生是更好的，或许也是更稳妥的选择，以维持民主党的权力杠杆。
在堪萨斯州担任民主党州长可能是一场复杂的舞步，尤其是共和党在州议会中拥有绝对多数席位。
罗伯特·阿博特（Robert Abbott）经常参加科森先生每月一次的市政会议，他将科森先生描述为“全面公正”且擅长倾听的人——一个他认为能够顶住共和党压力的人。来自堪萨斯城郊区的退休音乐教师阿博特先生说：“我认为凯利一直是一个制衡力量。我相信伊森·科森（Ethan Corson）也将如此。”
最近的一次公开民调是在6月中旬进行的，当时还没有出现将凯利女士推入初选的密集广告攻势。
在民主党人中依然深受欢迎的凯利女士为科森先生拍摄了一支广告，将其描述为能够“顶住特朗普和ICE（移民海关执法局）”并具备必要“力量、判断力和骨气”的人。州长还对提名霍尔舍女士表示担忧，凯利女士称霍尔舍“目前的定位过于左倾，以至于她将很难回头”。
“你不可能仅仅通过煽动民主党基础选民就赢得胜利，”凯利女士在一次采访中说。她给初选选民的信息是：“你需要选出一位在很大程度上认同你们价值观，但不会完全让独立选民和共和党人反感的候选人。”
凯利女士与霍尔舍女士之间裂痕的私人性质在近日变得更加明显，当时《堪萨斯城星报》（The Kansas City Star）刊登了去年霍尔舍女士发送给凯利女士幕僚长的一条长短信，敦促州长团队不要干预初选。凯利女士的团队将该短信解读为威胁要公开州长的离婚事宜，尽管霍尔舍女士否认这一点。
随着选举日的临近，威奇托（Wichita）的退休安全官员柯克·艾伦（Kirk Allen）在听完科森先生在教堂的演讲后表示，他仍在候选人之间犹豫。但他对科森先生一再呼吁两党合作并不感冒。“我需要一个愿意走出去帮助穷人的候选人，”艾伦先生说，并补充道，“现在是民主党展示力量的时候了。”
候选人之间最剧烈的对比体现在经济议题上，特别是税收激励措施的使用。霍尔舍女士和科森先生此前都投票支持为数据中心建设提供税收减免，并支持探讨与酋长队的协议。科森先生坚持这些观点，而霍尔舍女士则转向了。随着反对数据中心成为顶层政治议题，霍尔舍女士呼吁暂停建设。她还公开反对将酋长队迁至堪萨斯州的协议，并投票反对成立监管该开发的体育场管理局。
“我们必须确保重点放在我们能做些什么来改善普通人的生活上，”57 岁的霍尔舍女士说，她曾是一家电信公司的高管，经常讲述自己在密苏里州农场长大的经历。她说，这种“对富人的税收减免之侧重”
“普通民众、企业和亿万富翁”正继续“将我们的人民抛在脑后”。44 岁的科尔森先生（Mr. Corson）曾任职于美国商务部，他为凯利政府吸引商业投资的方式进行了辩护。他呼吁对数据中心设立“有意义的保障措施”，但表示当地官员最终应决定是否建设这些设施。科尔森先生说：“如果你不关注就业，你无法在堪萨斯州的普选中获胜。你需要关注就业和经济增长。”
伊森·科尔森（Ethan Corson）得到了现任州长的支持，他采取的是一种温和路线。
辛迪·霍尔舍尔（Cindy Holscher）将自己塑造为“建制派”的竞争对手，目前在民调中领先。
专栏作家 / 大卫·弗伦奇 (DAVID FRENCH) 一场可能吞噬世界的战争
比特朗普总统发动一场违宪战争更糟糕的唯一事情，就是特朗普失去对这场战争的控制。周三，NBC新闻报道称，特朗普因伊朗战争问题对他的国家安全团队成员“大发雷霆”。根据该报道，他的顾问们在前进路径上无法达成一致。但他们怎么可能达成一致？每一条通往胜利的路径都面临着危险升级的风险，而维持现状则面临战略失败的风险。这一直是最可能的结果。总统选择挑战一个比 2003 年萨达姆·侯赛因统治下的伊拉克强大得多的国家，而动用的武力却远少于我们当年推翻伊拉克政府时所使用的规模。他预期会发生什么？噢，对了，我们知道。他认为通过几次精准空袭和幻想中的民众起义，就能推翻一个残暴且根深蒂固的独裁政权。正如他多次提到的那样，他期待的是一个他所认为的委内瑞拉式的结果；而当委内瑞拉战略失败时（如果可以用“战略”这个词的话），并没有真正的 B 计划——除了对伊朗进行更多轰炸并期待其投降。事实上，我们正计划再次这样做。或者也许我们并不打算这样做。周五，特朗普表示他正下令进行新一轮空袭。他的理由是什么？特朗普说：“你知道，在某个时间点，他们会说，‘我们实在承受不住了。’”而到了周六，他改变了主意。特朗普在 Truth Social 的帖子中写道：“伊朗及其他中东国家刚刚要求我们停止任何攻击。”他补充道，“为了世界的未来利益，同样为了一个成功且繁荣的伊朗能够生存，我已同意取消攻击，前提是能够迅速达成一项协议。”但我们现在面临的问题远超协议地步。美国在如此长的时间里一直如此强大，以至于我们习惯于掌控局势。我们在想要的时候发动战争，而且——至关重要的一点是——我们相信我们可以在想要的时候结束战争。当我在伊拉克时，尽管那场战争如此糟糕，但我们知道它是可控的。我们对抗的是一个在伊拉克境外伤害美国人能力极小的敌人。在我和盟友摧毁基地组织据点后，阿富汗的情况也是如此。在这两场冲突中，战斗都极其残酷，而且我们能够且应该讨论这两场战争的明智与否。但当时的大国竞争对手在很大程度上是缺席的。没有所谓的“安全战争”——任何战争都可能失控——但美国的力量、敌人的弱点以及俄罗斯和中国的克制相结合，意味着美国人可以安然入睡，因为他们知道发生灾难性升级的可能性极其渺茫。而现在情况不再如此。世界正走在一条通往世界大战的道路上，没有任何人——包括美国总统——似乎在掌控局势。请考虑这些进展：伊朗不仅继续袭击美国基地
安库什·哈尔多里 (Ankush Khardori) 2016至2020年期间 司法部的律师。
“托德·布兰奇是一位之星，”特朗普总统周四在社交媒体上傲慢地宣布，他试图清除两名共和党参议员对他提名的司法部长人选的阻力。面对参议员们不过分的请求——要求以书面保证确认取消针对1月6日骚乱者的秘密资金，以及限制针对特朗普先生的税收豁免协议——总统没有迅速同意，反而提出将布兰奇先生的提名撤回至明年（待他们离任后）再重新提出，以此作为避开反对的方式。周日晚上，布兰奇先生最终服从了参议员们的要求。但这一插曲反而让反对确认他就任的理由变得更加充分，凸显了他在司法部任职期间所标志的混乱与无能，并及时提醒人们他将给这份工作带来什么。许多其他人指出，布兰奇先生利用虚假的刑事案件打击特朗普先生的政治对手，并监管了一批司法部经验最丰富的律师的流失。较少被提及但同样重要的一点是：他在执业律师方面的表现糟糕得令人尴尬。在他的领导下，该部门的工作质量急剧下降，无论是在高调案件还是在常规的低级别事务中皆是如此。其结果是导致了一场信心危机，正不断削弱司法部在法院和公众心目中的合法性——特朗普总统周四采取的最新计谋（旨在让其司法部长提名人选在无需质疑的情况下获得确认）进一步加深了这场危机。在布兰奇先生担任司法部长帕姆·邦迪 (Pam Bondi) 的副手，以及在后者4月离职后担任代理司法部长期间，全国各地的联邦法官实际上指责该部门律师挥霍了其前任在数十年间建立的信任和公信力。司法部律师不得不纠正他们向法官提供的错误事实陈述，为未能按时提交文件道歉，并撤回自己的法律主张。上个月，一名法官强迫
有效地；它还持续攻击 该地区的美国合作伙伴。这些 攻击对石油和天然气设施造成了巨大破坏，且——结合伊朗 对霍尔木兹海峡的持续控制—— 正使世界经济面临风险。 胡塞武装已加入冲突，将战斗扩大到红海， 据报道，沙特阿拉伯现在正计划对胡塞武装领土发动大规模攻击， 包括，可能使用地面部队 试图打破胡塞武装的航运封锁。 乌克兰在里海（这个与俄罗斯和伊朗接壤的巨大水体）击沉了一艘伊朗船只。 乌克兰表示，之所以这样做是因为该船在两国之间运输军事装备。 俄罗斯和中国可能正在通过提供卫星图像和其他协助来帮助伊朗军队，从而使伊朗的导弹和无人机攻击更加有效。 路透社还报道称，中国正向伊朗发送数百枚地对空导弹。 北约上周报告称，一枚俄罗斯导弹进入波兰领土并爆炸（谢天谢地，没有造成伤害）。 自乌克兰战争开始以来，已有数架俄罗斯无人机越境，但这是已知的第一起俄罗斯导弹撞击事件。 说到俄罗斯：据报道，它正在考虑是否尝试通过大规模动员来扭转其在乌克兰战争中的命运，这意味着可能会征召
联邦检察官将在发现此前存在严重错误后，撤回对四名《纽约时报》记者的传票。
去年，该部门未能定罪一名被指控因向联邦特工投掷地铁三明治而涉嫌袭击的男子，但在此之前，哥伦比亚特区美国检察官珍妮·皮罗（Jeanine Pirro）发布了一段嘲讽该男子的青少年时期的视频。
四月，该部门在关于新白宫舞厅建设的一起案件中提交了一份简报，其中两页引言充满了特朗普式的夸张修饰，包括随机使用的“虚假”（FAKE）一词。
数十万士兵被投入到乌克兰战线。
而这一切都发生在美国面临的两个残酷军事现实的背景之下。首先，伊朗已经证明，美国飞机和美国基地的易受攻击程度超出了我们许多人的想象。在我身处伊拉克时，美国设施遭受这种程度的破坏是不可想象的。
基地组织没有远程导弹能力，甚至在海湾战争之前的权力顶峰时期，萨达姆·侯赛因也无法像伊朗自战争开始以来那样有效地对整个地区发动打击。
伊朗遭受了惨重损失，包括其大部分最高领导层。但与美国的一个关键区别在于，伊朗政权根本不在意像我们那样在意人员或物资的损失。
美国和以色列多次斩首圣战组织的领导层，但几乎没有持久效果。伊朗一次又一次地表明，它将通过消耗公民的生命来维持权力或确保战略优势。事实上，该政权似乎很享受屠杀那些几乎勇敢到不可思议、敢于起来抗议的公民。
其次，我们的拦截弹（如爱国者反导系统）以及其他先进弹药即将耗尽。虽然我不希望看到任何一架无人机或一枚导弹穿透我们的……
WIN MCNAMEE / GETTY IMAGES
是一个令人尴尬的 糟糕律师。
VAHID SALEMI / 美联社
（文中涉及）古怪的大写以及对“特朗普躁狂综合征”的提及。几天后，布兰奇先生似乎暗示这些页面是由特朗普先生亲自口述的。布兰奇先生和邦迪女士试图将特朗普先生的前律师之一林赛·哈利根（Lindsey Halligan）任命为弗吉尼亚州东区联邦检察官，以便她能推进针对前联邦调查局（F.B.I.）局长詹姆斯·科米（James Comey）的案件。但法官认定她的任命程序不当，从而驳回了针对科米先生的案件，以及哈利根女士试图针对纽约州总检察长莱蒂西亚·詹姆斯（Letitia James）发起的另一项诉讼。一名地方法官对哈利根女士“令人不安的严重调查失误模式”提出了严厉批评。布兰奇先生随后签署了一份为哈利根女士的任命辩护的申请书，据主审法官地描述，该文件包含的“刻薄程度更适合于有线新闻谈话节目”。（科米先生最近申请撤销针对他的第二项漏洞百出的起诉，该起诉指控他在社交媒体帖子中威胁总统。）五月，芝加哥的一名法官告诉检察官，当她发现他们操纵大陪审团程序以确保对一家联邦移民设施外抗议者定罪时，她对政府律师的信任已被“破坏”。检察官不得不撤销指控。即使你认为这些案件值得追究，但接连不断的失误——基础事实、法律和专业层面的错误；潦草且不专业的法律呈递文件；在公开场合嘲讽刑事被告——这损害了部门的声誉并阻碍了其工作。大陪审团开始拒绝在联邦检察官提出的案件中签署起诉书，这在以前是不可想象的问题。据报道，皮罗女士的办公室未能说服任何一名大陪审员同意对六名民主党议员提出拟议的刑事指控，这些议员发布了一段鼓励军方成员拒绝执行非法命令的视频。布兰奇先生个人在公开场合多次犯下严重的检察失误。他对比联邦法官的攻击愚蠢地激怒了法院。驳回针对基尔马·阿布雷戈·加西亚（Kilmar Abrego Garcia）人口走私案的法官引用了其中一些
防御系统并击中美国或盟友的目标，但我同样知道，即使是成功的拦截也可能是一次微小的失败。如果你使用一个造价 $4 million 且难以量产的武器去摧毁一架造价 $35,000 且可以轻易规模化生产的无人机，那么你的防御系统被削弱、天空向敌方攻击敞开只是时间问题。特朗普政府传达了两个矛盾的信息：一是美国库存中不缺导弹，二是短缺是乔·拜登的错（因为他帮助武装乌克兰并对胡塞武装发动空袭）。该政府目前的行为方式确实像是在面对弹药储备危低至危险程度的情况。我们正陷入一场时断时续的冲突（周五在战，周六停战），其间充满了异常的停顿。将这一切结合起来看：最初的美国战略失败了，
与伊朗的战争正吞噬整个地区，伊朗与乌克兰面临对峙风险，有证据表明俄罗斯和中国都在升级其军事承诺，美国弹药储备正在减少，而特朗普正愤怒不已。我经常在想，生活在 1914, 的夏天是什么感觉，更不用说 1938 和 1939. 年了。人们是在什么时候开始意识到世界正处于灾难边缘的？如果发声太早或太频繁，你会显得很可笑——就像是世界大战中的“小鸡惊恐”（Chicken Little）。如果发声太晚，你（如果你还活着的话）将生活在深深的遗憾之中。我并非试图预测任何事情，我也对局势降温抱有希望。我知道美国政府中（他们是否能被特朗普听到则另说）以及全球盟国政府中仍有严肃对待问题的人员。但我们可以分析当下的事件和趋势，而此时此刻，
所有的势头都指向进一步的升级。我们绝对不能按照特朗普的要求去做，即“就这样坐下来放松”并相信“最终一切都会好起来的”。我不认为世界大战不可避免，也不认为其概率很高。但与冷战结束后的任何时期相比，现在发生世界大战的可能性更大，而美国政府正由美国现代史上最糟糕的统治者领导。国会作为唯一拥有干预权力的政府分支，在总统面前已然瘫痪。只要面临失去初选资格的威胁，就足以让一名典型的共和党国会议员彻底失去脊梁。人们常说，普通的美国选民并不太在意外交政策。总的来说，这是事实——直到灾难发生。然而一旦发生，
外交政策将不仅是主轴，而是唯一真正重要的事情。我们的未来可能部分取决于美国选民是否决定给国会进行一次“脊髓移植”。但这要求我们去做一些民主国家极少能成功完成的事情：预见到灾难的到来，并在一场可怕的战争吞噬世界之前果断行动。
布兰奇先生在声明这是一次报复性起诉时的言论。更糟糕的是，布兰奇先生去年猛烈抨击了一位联邦法官，该法官阻止了特朗普政府试图将数十名单独抵达美国的未成年人遣返回危地马拉的尝试。布兰奇先生在接受福克斯新闻采访时称该裁决“令人厌恶”，并指责该法官阻止政府将孩子们送回“危地马拉的父母身边”。布兰奇先生的说法具有高度误导性。几周内，一名由特朗普任命的法官表示，政府对遣返行动的解释已“像纸牌屋一样崩塌”。他写道：“法庭面前没有任何证据表明这些孩子的父母寻求让他们返回。”事实上，危地马拉官员“甚至无法为大多数孩子找到父母”。
布兰奇先生和其他司法部高级官员已证明，他们愿意在法律和伦理上走捷径以取悦白宫。但这只是这段糟糕记录的部分原因。职业律师从该部门的流失意味着缺乏经验的律师必须填补空缺。一个绝望的司法部现在直接从法学院招募刑事检察官，并为新员工提供签约奖金。围绕布兰奇先生提名而产生的毫无必要的大乱，如果他愿意书面同意两项简单的要求本可轻易避免，但这不会鼓励优秀的律师加入司法部，也不会鼓励法官信任联邦律师。损害该部门的信誉以及公众对其的信心，将使法律体系变得不那么可靠且不那么公平。随着政府律师日益脱离职业道德的约束，毫无根据的诉讼、冤案和不公正的结果将更频繁地出现。即使在案件适当的情况下，法官和陪审团也会犹豫是否接受政府的陈述。即便后果不那么严重，纳税人也不应该为这种已变得司空见惯的劣质法律服务买单。布兰奇先生并非明星。他甚至不是一名很优秀的律师。无论何时讨论他的提名，参议院都应予以否决。
莫琳·赖安 (Maureen Ryan) 《焚毁它：好莱坞的权力、共犯及其变革呼吁》作者。
上周在一部 BBC 纪录片中披露的针对奥斯卡奖得主贾里德·莱托 (Jared Leto) 的性不当行为指控，对于好莱坞某些圈子的人来说并不意外。正如业内常说的那样，这又是另一个“大家都知道”的案例。然而，这种广泛的知情并未能产生实质性的后果。好莱坞一直是一个充斥着关于其某些最知名人士可怕且通常具有虐待性行为的阴暗传闻之城，而其中许多传闻最终被证明是真的。作为一名报道娱乐业的记者，我一直被告知这些公开的秘密。但这并不意味着我一定能将其写出来。这里有一整套机制旨在让受害者保持沉默，并确保任何揭露都无法进入公众视线。在涉及莱托先生时，这种熟悉的动态再次上演。
这部名为《贾里德·莱托：好莱坞的阴暗秘密》的 BBC 纪录片深入探讨了涉及这位演员兼歌手的不当行为指控，它在 2025 年埃琳娜·克拉瓦里诺 (Elena Clavarino) 在 AirMail 上的报道基础上进行了令人印象深刻的扩充（莱托先生当时否认了该报道），并汇总了 120 多项与骚扰和性不当行为相关的在线指控。该纪录片还描绘了一系列帮凶：这些人负责确保十几岁的女孩被带到后台，被邀请参加派对并被护送到酒店房间。影片塑造了一个令人谴责的形象：一个男人利用他的好莱坞名气和摇滚之星的人设，与女性（其中大多数非常年轻，且相对于他而言都毫无权力）发起令人不安的身体和言语接触。
莱托先生最初没有回复 BBC 的询问，在纪录片发布后，他发表了如下声明：“我一生中从未性侵过任何人。这些指控绝对且断然是错误的。”这一回应遵循了现在一个熟悉的模式。过去，名人可能会发表一份愤慨的长篇反驳或一次激烈的道歉，但现在出现了一套新的剧本。这套剧本相当一致，通常在昂贵的律师事务所和公关操盘手的协助下执行：忽略一切，或者以“不予置评”进行僵持。或许用一两句简洁的话否认指控。然后，要么对出版物和记者大发雷霆以试图压制报道，要么保持沉默，等待丑闻过去。
好莱坞在掩盖明星恶劣行为方面有着卑劣的历史，但在 #MeToo 运动之后，一套新的、运转良好的反问责机制开始盛行。致力于报道好莱坞的出版物数量正在缩减，它们不仅经常处于糟糕的财务状况中，而且依赖于对名人的报道，因此容易受到“失去接触其他名人机会”之威胁的恐吓，或者容易被那些只有在媒体同意配合时才会提供的诱人故事所诱惑。
新的危机管理剧本仅仅是顶住可怕的传闻，并塑造一种将报道斥为不实且不可信的对抗性叙事。律师事务所说服幸存者撤回指控，而公关人员则通过努力“实时调整叙事”来搅浑网络水域——正如在布莱克·莱弗利 (Blake Lively) 与贾斯汀·巴尔多尼 (Justin Baldoni) 案件的文件中对某家公司服务描述的那样。由于多年来对这些主题的报道，以及撰写了一本关于好莱坞权力与共犯的书籍，我对这些场景过于熟悉了。我也出现在《好莱坞的阴暗秘密》中，解释一些在高端创意领域中滋生的权力失衡和虐待动态。
Jen Easterly 2021年至2025年期间的美国网络安全与基础设施安全局局长。
尽管人们如此关注由人工智能驱动的网络末日，但本周美国最具有影响力的网络故事之一却远没那么具有未来感。黑客攻击了至少七个州的市政水务系统，其中包括明尼苏达州的30多个设施。在某些情况下，攻击者更改了密码和网络设置，导致操作人员无法进入控制泵、阀门和其他设备的计算机系统。部分运行受到影响，不过没有迹象表明饮用水受到了污染。
这些袭击初步被归咎于伊朗，揭露了美国网络安全核心领域一个危险的不匹配：威胁是地缘政治性的，而防御却是市政级别的。我们要求小城镇——其中许多城镇没有专门的网络安全工作人员，且资金匮乏——去保护关键基础设施，以抵御与他国相关的黑客。
这一危险是广为人知的。今年4月，美国政府机构（包括联邦调查局、网络安全与基础设施安全局和美国环保局）发布了一项咨询公告，警告黑客正在利用全国范围内连接互联网的工业控制设备。7月22日，这些机构更新了该公告，发出紧急警告，称这一活动正持续影响美国最重要的基础设施，包括水务系统。他们将此次活动归因于与伊朗相关的组织，并将其与早前与伊斯兰革命卫队网络电子司令部相关的行动联系起来。
特朗普总统试图将责任推给明尼苏达州及其民主党籍州长，
企业。当BBC纪录片导演Alice McShane联系我时，她和首席记者Jessica Sartenaer提出的疑问基本上可以归结为一个大问题：如果每个人都知道关于Leto先生的传闻，那么为什么一直没有任何行动？
这个问题有很多答案，这里有一个坦诚的答案：我不知道。没有任何一个加害者值得行业的保护。无论艺术成就达到何种水平，都不能让忍受恐怖行为变得有价值。但这种全行业战略性冷漠还有其他原因。一个多世纪以来，商业娱乐产业中几乎所有的激励结构都允许不当行为模式的存在，并奖励沉默。肢体和精神虐待以及越界行为（尤其是男性实施的）被宽容为艺术激情和创意探索。如果你反对人们的激情或他们的过程——如果你不推崇他们行走世间的方式——那么你就只是
插图：SAM WHITNEY / THE NEW YORK TIMES；原图：CHRISTIAN ADAMS / GETTY IMAGES
已发生了彻底的变化。
不理解艺术。而当许多人从一名名人的收入中抽取百分比分成时，否认事实的能力就变得极其强大。 在电影或电视拍摄现场，或在录音室里，通常有少数几个人拥有不成比例的权力——一名明星艺人、一名顶级制作人、一名大名导演或一名权力巨大的高管。长期以来，好莱坞一直有许多方法来惩罚或封杀那些勇敢站出来反对他们的人。 揭露真相的人经常被告知，他们误读了自己的经历，其他人对正在发生的事情都感到没问题，而且如果他们开口，就再也无法在圈内工作。 在 Leto 纪录片中接受采访的女性，就像我接触过的数百个消息源一样，都是通过挺身而出而承担了巨大风险的普通人。在我看来，她们这样做并不是为了钱财、关注或赞誉——她们得到的往往恰恰相反——而是为了尝试防止自己经历的事情发生在他人身上。 事实是，像 BBC 纪录片这样的重磅炸弹本不应该是必要的，因为早在 2005. 年就有关于 Leto 先生卑劣行为的公开报道。网络上一直有源源不断的八卦暗示，社交媒体帖子中也有直截了当的指控。但这恰恰是为什么 BBC 的工作如此宝贵的原因。我并非不尊重那些通过社交媒体发声的人，但纪录片比 Instagram 帖子更难以被忽视或轻视。 即便指控是通过深度报道的文章提出的，另一种模式也变得清晰可见：等待舆论风暴平息实际上是有效的。Louis C.K. 门票售罄的喜剧巡演、格莱美奖的得奖以及新的 Netflix 特辑都表明，所谓的“取消文化”通常有一个内置的过期日期。 公关人员和强大的经纪人通常寄希望于公众注意力时间短，且愿意给予
蒂姆·沃尔兹（Tim Walz）的攻击。这种针对国家安全问题的政治反应，不仅忽视了美国政府关于亲伊朗阵营活跃活动的警告，而且错失了更大的关键点。国家级黑客并不尊重划分联邦、州和地方责任的管辖线。他们寻找干扰美国生活最脆弱的途径，而这些途径往往出现在缺乏防御资源的小型社区中。我在担任网络安全与基础设施安全局局长期间亲眼目睹了这一问题，当时我们特别关注于帮助防御“目标富集、网络贫困”的关键基础设施，包括我们的水务系统。美国大约有 51,000 个社区水系统，其中 90% 以上的服务人数在 10,000 人或更少。许多系统依赖于老旧设备，这些设备在设计之初是为了可靠运行数十年，而当时的設計者并未考虑到互联网连接、勒索软件或外国情报机构的攻击。在拜登政府期间，我的机构与美国环保署（E.P.A.）合作，致力于让这些社区更容易获得网络安全援助。我们制定了实用指南和事件响应手册，提供了免费评估，并部署了可以直接与当地官员合作的区域网络安全顾问。国会还创建了为期四年、10 亿美元 billion 的州和地方网络安全补助计划，允许各州和市投资于多因素认证、漏洞管理和事件响应规划等基础能力。这些自愿努力显然未能阻止最近的泄密事件。但应对措施提供了一些证据，表明这些努力降低了网络入侵演变为公共卫生灾难的风险。运营商检测到了问题，部分设施转为手动操作，州和联邦机构-
以前深受欢迎的名人们还能获得宽容。
也许围绕莱托先生的最新风波会平息，而他将再次获得一个绝佳的角色。他的乐队“30 Seconds to Mars”计划在 2027 年进行巡演。随着媒体环境变得更加险峻，人们对这类争议性报道的胃口似乎正在减弱。
值得注意的是，需要一部来自 BBC 的全长纪录片才能传达出一个人们希望成为警钟的信息，而此前已经有如此多的人试图就这位演员发出警告。但请听我这个在多种不同出版物中报道过不当行为的少数记者之一的建议：有时，你需要一个大型传统媒体品牌进行一次大规模、无可指责的调查（且经过律师从各方面反复审核），才能最终产生影响。
这次会起作用吗？没人知道。这类报道始终需要一种信念的飞跃，且结果永远无法保证。
但《好莱坞的黑暗秘密》传递了一个及时且紧迫的信息：那些认为自己可以免于惩罚的人，不应假设这种状态将永远持续。
机构协调了应对措施，安全的饮用水继续供应。我们无法证明反事实的情况，但限制入侵带来的后果是衡量进步的一个重要指标。
这种进步现在面临风险。在特朗普先生的领导下，国土安全部监督了网络安全与基础设施安全局的大规模人员和预算削减，该机构目前仍缺乏一名经参议院确认的局长。联邦政府对多州信息共享与分析中心（该中心向数千个州和地方政府提供威胁情报及其他援助）的支持已于去年结束，迫使其向市政当局收取服务费用。
州和地方网络安全资助计划已接近其活跃资金期的尾声。而 2015 年的《网络安全信息共享法》——这一保护自愿网络威胁共享的法律框架——
致编辑： 关于《“搞砸了”的工作而非蓄意破坏导致池塘受损；前奥运选手指控将被撤销》（第1版，8月1日）： 反思池的这段曲折经历，完美地刻画了特朗普政府的道德沦丧。 这里有特朗普总统及其虚荣心工程，该工程在未经尽职调查的情况下获得批准，且采用了远超预算并最终失败的无标合同。 这里有拒绝承认责任的总统，他编造一个荒谬的谎言来转移人们对失败的注意力。这里有愿意传播谎言的唯唯诺诺之辈，为一场荒诞的“猎巫行动”铺路。然后，你还会看到一个愿意为了总统荒谬的谎言，通过毫无根据的指控来羞辱和迫害美国普通人（甚至包括一名美国前奥运选手）的司法部。 在这个否则极其荒诞的故事中，唯一令人欣慰的数据点是政府检察官珍宁·皮罗（Jeanine Pirro）最终出人意料地撤销了此案，并承认该案完全基于空谈。 如果这些事实不那么令人不安，它们原本会非常幽默。
麦克斯·雅各布斯（MAX JACOBS），西雅图
致编辑： 关于联邦检察官撤销对 67 岁奥运选手大卫·希恩（David Hearn）的重罪破坏公物指控，而哥伦比亚特区联邦检察官珍宁·皮罗此前称其损坏了政府财产：我相信公众希望能看到皮罗女士在 7 月 2 日声称掌握的那些“海量证据”。 如果证据并不充分，那么应当对皮罗女士及其办公室展开调查，以确定她是如何指控一名爱国的美国公民犯有重罪的。
罗伯特·科瓦尔（ROBERT KOWAL），纽约
这个词——“搞砸了”——用来描述反思池因施工缺陷而产生的问题，其影响并未止于池水之畔。现任政府行政部门承接的任何事情，往往都给这个国家和世界带来了糟糕的结果。这小片水域的工程所反映的，远不止是一次搞砸了的工作。
彼得·吉尔莫尔（PETER GILMOUR），芝加哥
里德·沃克（Reid Walker）撰写的《请不要为了这片土地而感谢我们》（评论客文，7月26日）引起了我深深的共鸣。 作为一名代表许多西北部美洲原住民部落近 30 年的律师，我参加了许多与州政府官员的会议。涉及的问题通常与水权有关，部落要求溪流中保留足够的水以维持健康的鲑鱼种群。 在近年，土地认可（land acknowledgments）在这些会议开始时成了例行公事。然而，即便部落的请求得到了州法律和联邦法律的充分支持，州政府官员往往仍拒绝做出有意义的协调。 我对那些不带来任何现状改变的空洞土地认可产生了一种理性的怀疑。正如沃克先生恰如其分地指出的，检验标准“在于话语之后采取了什么样的行动”。
莎伦·亨斯利（SHARON HAENSLY） 华盛顿州，肖尔线
必须帮助当地 社区抵御外国 黑客。
致编辑： 关于“Head Start 计划令支持者担忧”（新闻报道，8月2日）：
我们的民选官员及其任命者在采取行动拆解 Head Start 计划，进一步伤害国家最贫困儿童的同时，其残忍程度简直无法估量。
六十多年来，该计划为低收入家庭提供免费教育、医疗保健和家长支持，其积极影响一直延续到成年期。
数十年的科学研究和经验明确表明，早年时期是所有发展的基石，从身体生长和健康，到社交情感学习，以及在学校和职场中持续获得成功。
人们只需观察儿童，就能看到他们天生的纯真与脆弱，需要关怀和保护才能发挥全部潜力。Head Start 通过提供一个安全的环境让孩子们学习、玩耍和成长，服务于我们最脆弱的儿童。
什么样的社会会未能保护其最脆弱的群体，且未能投资于他们的成功？一个残酷的社会。通过摧毁 Head Start，我们不仅削弱了这些孩子和家庭的未来，也削弱了整个社会的未来。
那些投票破坏一个让每个孩子都有机会成功之计划的人，应当感到羞耻。
TOVAH P. KLEIN，纽约 作者是巴纳德幼儿发展中心（Barnard Center for Toddler Development）的荣誉主任。她是《培养韧性：如何帮助孩子在不确定时期茁壮成长》（Raising Resilience: How to Help Our Children Thrive in Times of Uncertainty）和《幼儿如何成长》（How Toddlers Thrive）的作者。
企业与政府之间的信息共享——将于 9月 30. 到期。这正在削弱美国的网络防御，华盛顿应当扭转方向。政府应重建网络安全与基础设施安全局（Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency）的人员和能力，并提名一名合格的领导者，使其明白防御国家基础设施是一项非党派的国家安全任务。这种重建必须包括加强其地区实地部队，以便让小社区能够直接接触到网络安全顾问和工业控制系统专家。国会应恢复对多州信息共享中心的联邦支持，并为州和地方网络安全补助计划承诺至少 30 亿美元 billion 的新多年期资金。其中部分资金应专门用于更换水务设施中老化的控制设备，并增强其在数字系统失效时的安全运行能力——包括通过手动控制、物理安全机制和定期演练的响应计划。制造商和系统设计者在起步阶段就必须构建具有安全设置、现代身份验证、有效记录保存和安全远程访问控制的设备。小镇运营商不应仅仅为了安全地使用基本设备而必须成为网络安全专家。国会还应将《网络安全信息共享法》延长十年。当攻击几乎同时出现在多个州时，快速比较个体受害者信息的能力，正是防御者识别协调攻击行动并警告潜在下一个目标的手段。网络攻击将继续，且部分将获得成功。任务是确保数字入侵不会演变成公共卫生灾难。在国家级网络冲突时代，韧性的最终衡量标准极其简单：即使攻击者潜入，清洁的水依然必须流出。
作者：SHANE GOLDMACHER
在经过数月的抵制后，民主党全国委员会（Democratic National Committee）终于在今年5月妥协，并公布了关于2024年大选失利原因分析报告的草案，称为了透明度，将这份尚未完成的文件“全文”发布。
但据该分析报告的作者称，其中缺失了一个章节。
该章节提出了几个尖锐的问题，而这些问题在党派发布的草案中明显缺失。这些问题既涉及乔·拜登总统（President Joseph R. Biden Jr.）寻求连任这一不幸决定的影响，也涉及一个操作阶层的影响力——这些人通过操纵民主党战略，已经变得“在政治中积累了代际财富”。
分析报告的作者保罗·里维拉（Paul Rivera）将该章节提供给了《纽约时报》，并首次公开谈论该党对2024年失利的分析工作。他与党内官员都承认，这一过程十分混乱，且时有争执。他表示，该党发布的草案是基于他在11月和12月提交的工作内容汇编而成的。
但他表示，草案省略了一个名为“2024年发生了什么”的章节。他称自己将该章节打印出来，放入一个三环文件夹中，并在1月亲自交给党主席肯·马丁（Ken Martin）。
马丁先生对此说法予以强烈反驳，并在一份书面声明中否认曾收到过缺失的章节。
“这是谎言，”马丁先生说，“在我审阅的任何文件夹中都没有这个所谓的报告章节。”他补充道，“如果我们在5月就拿到了这个内容，我们一定会将其与报告的其他部分一起发布。”他拒绝了接受采访的请求。
这段引发争议的“发生了什么”章节探讨了几个政治敏感话题，而这些内容并未出现在该党5月发布的草案中：
■ 它质疑拜登先生寻求连任的决定：“2024年的失败是否存在单一故障点？或许是总统决定寻求连任而非传递火炬的决定。”
■ 它分析了该党在西班牙裔、黑人、亚裔美国人和美洲原住民选民中支持率下降的情况，而这些内容在公开草案中基本缺失。
■ 此外，它尖锐地提出担忧，认为2024年大多数资深的民主党战略师在“财务上非常稳固”，因此与许多美国人面临的挑战脱节。报告写道：“因此，有可能在2024年最高决策层‘在场’的人们，误解了普通美国人所面对的情绪和实际情况。”
该章节并未点名那些变得“代际富有”的人。但里维拉先生写道，那些寻求变革的民主党人“不断在一个已被证明僵化且自肥的系统中碰壁”。
“我不知道他们删除该章节是为了隐藏某个段落而做出的有意识决定，”里维拉在谈到民主党全国委员会时说，“那是他们的问题。我能告诉你的是，他们拿到了它，但他们决定不将其公布。”
马丁先生表示，该党没有发布该章节是因为民主党全国委员会从未见过它。“如果我和民主党全国委员会拥有针对自肥顾问的报告材料，我们绝对会将其纳入其中，”他在...
声明。马丁先生表示，他竞选主席是为了“让顾问工业复合体承担责任，并确保党内仅为那些确实能帮助我们获胜的工作付费”。在党内发布的草案中，“发生了什么”部分被列为“待定”，并附有一项注释称：“本节未由作者提供”。关于这场“尸检”（事后分析）的截然不同的说法，标志着民主党官方机构的领导人与其亲手挑选地执行这项政治敏感任务（起草党内正式的 2024 年尸检报告）的朋友之间出现了严重的裂痕。两人的陈述都无法得到完全证实，部分原因是关于尸检的许多讨论是两人直接进行的。马丁先生表示，涉事文件夹无法找到。里维拉先生提供了一份该章节的 Word 文档，其元数据显示该文档最后一次修改是在 1 月 20 日与马丁先生会面前不久。里维拉先生表示，他曾将该章节的早期草案以电子方式发送给另一名党内官员。出于安全目的，党内邮件在 30 天后会被删除，因此没有该邮件的记录。马丁先生表示，在党内文件中无法找到此类文件，而另外三名与里维拉先生共同参与尸检工作的党内官员表示，他们此前从未见过涉事文件。在距离 11 月中期选举不到 100 天之际，这场争议威胁到将成为党内的干扰项，民主党希望特朗普总统较低的支持率能帮助他们赢得众议院并可能赢得参议院的控制权。与此同时，马丁先生也因管理不善而受到批评，该党最近报告的债务超过 $2，而共和党全国委员会在银行中有 $128.5 million。里维拉先生在党内发布并否认其报告后名誉受损，他表示自己公开此事是因为他认为党内需要进行彻底变革以避免重复同样的错误，而他认为目前还没有发生必要的对话。“这是出于希望，坦白说，还有一点绝望，”他说。里维拉先生说：“有一个非常舒适的生态系统，将从‘不改变’中获利巨大。”他还补充说，他现在将发布自己关于 2024 年选举的 564 页审查报告。“我认为我们需要一些冲击来强制变革。”这就是关于这场死而不掉的“尸检”中未被讲述的故事。
不要称其为“尸检”
当他在 2025 年 2 月被选为民主党领导人时，马丁先生承诺将审查 2024 年的错误，以帮助党内规划未来。他表示，这份报告不应被称为“尸检”，因为该党“并未死亡”，他将其描述为一次“行动后审查”。
他转向里维拉先生来牵头该项目，里维拉先生是一名民主党顾问，曾在克林顿时期的白宫工作。里维拉先生是一个不寻常的选择：自 2004 年以来，他没有参与过总统竞选。但他是一位长期受信赖的马丁先生的老友，能够带来局外人的视角。他将 2024 年的审查视为一项兼职且无偿的项目。
里维拉先生被授予访问党内内部数据的权限，他与工作人员于去年对民主党进行了访谈。
缺失的归属 民主党全国委员会（D.N.C.）在 5 月发布的 2024 年选举尸检草案中，委员会对其进行了大量注释，据党主席肯·马丁称，这是因为该报告“尚未准备好正式发表”。
民主党全国委员会对报告的一些注释指向了不准确之处或缺失的归属。
来自全国各地的官员。 但到了11月，该报告已超过了某些内部截止日期。 在民主党赢得弗吉尼亚州和新泽西州州长竞选十天后，里维拉先生表示，马丁先生给他打了电话。 “当时的请求是，你能把现有的内容发过来吗，无论处于什么状态？”里维拉先生在谈到与马丁先生的通话时说道。 里维拉先生回忆起马丁先生曾说，他不再想发布一份尸检报告（事后分析），而是倾向于发布某种精简后的“执行摘要”。 马丁先生对此持有异议。“那是假的，”他说，“直到12月中旬才决定不发布该报告。事实上，我和我的工作人员一直在积极地跟进作者，要求提供缺失的部分和来源，希望能够发布一份完整的报告。”
混乱的编辑过程
显而易见的是，2025 年末的那几周非常混乱。 里维拉先生开始分批发送文件（他说，党后来将这些文件整合成了 192 页的草案）。他说，在接下来的一个月里，“我想我发送了六七封不同的电子邮件”。 据多位看过文件的官员称，总部内的党务官员对该工作的质量感到震惊，对他使用陈词滥调、提供无来源数据等行为感到沮丧。民主全国委员会（D.N.C.）最终的注释中充满了轻蔑和修正：“根据公开数据，数字似乎不准确。” 一些注释指出某些章节被完全遗漏了。 里维拉先生表示，这些章节是故意留白的，因为他计划与 D.N.C. 官员一起完成最终定稿。 “那些对话从未发生过，”他说。“我会发送文件。他们开始审阅，我想随后就摊开手说，‘我们拿这个没法处理’。” 据看过文件的相关人员称，一些 D.N.C. 官员试图挽救里维拉先生的部分材料，但对其引用来源如此之少而感到沮丧。每页顶部的红色免责声明写道：“D.N.C. 未获得本文中所包含的许多主张的底层来源、访谈或支持性数据，因此无法独立验证所提出的主张。” 至于原始资料，里维拉先生表示访谈已被录音并转录——并向参与者承诺，报告定稿后文件将被删除。 里维拉先生说，一旦马丁先生在11月告诉他将不会有最终报告，他就自行将所有这些文件从 D.N.C. 服务器中删除了。 里维拉先生在谈到 D.N.C. 时表示：“录音不需要他们的许可，删除也不需要许可。” 12月 18日，马丁先生公开终止了此事，宣布将不发布尸检报告。其他参与其中的党务官员表示，直到里维拉先生的工作成果质量显现后，才做出了不发布尸检报告的最终决定。
数小时的时间，讨论了广泛的话题，包括那份事后分析报告。
“他开始说，‘嗯，你没提到这个，你没提到那个。’而我的反应是：‘不，我提到了。那些内容都在文档里，’”里维拉先生说道。“所以对我来说，这就是一个信号，表明他们没有把完整的文档交给他。于是我打印了一个版本交给了他。”
里维拉先生表示，他汇编了一份新的 173 页报告，将其打印并放入一个三环文件夹中，于 1 月 20 日亲自交给马丁先生。这份报告比民主党全国委员会（D.N.C.） 5 月发布的版本要短，因为它不包含关于关键摇摆州结果的章节。
提供给《纽约时报》的文档显示，它们最后一次被修改是在 1 月 20 日会议之前。这些文件当时仍是初稿。缺失章节的文档在其文件名的部分内容中将标题拼错了，写成了 “What Happend”（发生了什么）。
马丁先生和里维拉先生在 1 月见面以及交换过文件夹这一点是没有争议的。分歧在于文件夹里包含的内容。
里维拉先生表示，其中包含了“发生了什么”这一章节，该章节探讨了 2022 年中期选举中民主党的胜利可能如何掩盖了该党以及拜登先生的脆弱性。
“这些胜利让民主党人认为他们比实际情况更强大。拜登总统在看到这些结果后，做出了寻求连任这一重大决定，即便当时美国人已经发出了一个非常强烈的信号：他们对现状不满意。”
阅读未在公开草案中出现的争议章节。
并非新章节，而是旧材料。马丁先生说：“我 1 月份与保罗的合作被歪曲了。”
“我与保罗一起处理的唯一文件夹是关于‘经验教训’的材料，”马丁先生说，这些材料随后可以与盟友和捐赠者分享。他补充道：“那次工作不包括审阅新报告材料，仅限于 D.N.C. 已经收到的材料。”
里维拉先生则称，马丁先生不仅看过了该章节，而且主席还在文件夹上做了标注和便利贴注释——并通过次日达邮件在一次加州之行后将其寄还给他。里维拉先生说，他在本月晚些时候亲自将文件夹还给了马丁先生。
马丁先生表示，他每周至少收到 10 个装有简报材料的文件夹，他不记得在冬天准备“经验教训”材料期间，这个文件夹被保留超过了几周。他说，应《纽约时报》要求，党内官员近日寻找了该文件夹但未找到，他认为这并不奇怪，因为其中的内容已经好几个月没用了。该党还搜寻了电子文件。
“就我们所知，这份文件从未与 D.N.C. 分享或由其审阅——而且我们在对文件进行广泛搜索后也没能找到它，”马丁先生在声明中说。
党内发布草案
到 4 月，马丁先生仍因事后分析报告中可能包含的内容而承受压力。在参加了一个自由派播客节目“拯救美国”（Pod Save America）的一次激烈表现后，马丁先生试图解释为何没有发布事后分析报告的片段在网上疯传。“没有所谓的‘关键证据’（smoking gun），”他多次这样说道。不久后，CNN 带着关于未发布事后分析报告中内容的更多细节找到了 D.N.C.。该党决定向该新闻机构提供一份完整草案。CNN 于 5 月 21 日上午 10 点发布了该草案。里维拉先生说，几乎就在那一刻，马丁先生给他打电话，告知他 D.N.C. 正在发布带有注释的草案。这次通话是这两个人最后一次交谈。马丁先生面临的关于其领导能力的质疑不断升级，且已超出了该党岌岌可危的财务状况。此前《纽约时报》报道称，7 月初，他将手机扔向了一名初级职员的办公桌。
助手，导致了一起人力资源投诉。对于里维拉先生来说，该党广泛且带有轻蔑之意的红色标注在公开场合诋毁了他的信誉。在过去的两个月里，他致力于完成自己关于“2032年变蓝”的剖析报告。其中包含一份详细描述他所见事件版本的“开篇说明”。里维拉先生仍然对他所在政党的发展方向感到担忧。他的报告建议在一些领域进行系统性变革，包括组织工作（“尽早投入以尽早规模化”）、筹款（“打击骗局政治行动委员会和垃圾邮件政治行动委员会”）以及信息传递（“电子表格骑手们为民主党塑造了一个软弱的品牌”）。“在职业生活的任何其他方面，当你失败时，你会回顾以了解哪里出了问题——但在政治中，尤其是这个党内，并非如此，”里维拉先生说道。“无法承担责任阻碍了变革、改革、增长和进步，而这对于该党来说是一个巨大的错失机会。”
N
科技 经济 媒体 金融
今冬能源 高价
天然气储备 处于低位，且伊朗战争 进一步限制了运输。
作者：LISA FRIEDMAN
中东地区近五个月的战争，使得欧洲一项本就困难的年度惯例变得更加复杂：为寒冷的冬季储备能源。
天然气存储设施（家庭和企业广泛将其用于锅炉和暖炉）的填充率仅为 54%。这是自 2011 年以来夏季最低的第二水平，也是自 2021 年以来 7 月份的最低水平，而 2021 年当时俄罗斯国有能源公司正在限制向欧洲供应天然气。
与此同时，美国和伊朗持续的空袭，以及它们对霍尔木兹海峡的有效封锁，减缓了波斯湾的能源运输。这也使欧洲补充储备的努力变得复杂。
“这是一个相当令人担忧的情况，”伦敦智库查塔姆研究所（Chatham House）环境与社会中心研究员 Chris Aylett 表示。“当你观察霍尔木兹海峡的情况时，你完全看不出这该如何解决，”他补充道。
专家表示，欧洲可能面临的后果将不是天然气的绝对短缺。相反，他们认为，供应受限将使价格维持在高位。
自 2 月 28. 日美国和以色列发起袭击以来，伊朗实际上封锁了霍尔木兹海峡，这条石油和天然气运输的关键水道。该地区油轮的处境依然危险，且伊朗对主要生产国卡塔尔能源基础设施造成的破坏，给全球天然气供应留下了持久的伤痕。
欧洲天然气的批发价格在 6 月飙升至每兆瓦时 60 欧元，这是自战争以来最高的价格。
在帮助 日元
作者：ESHE NELSON
当日元近期兑美元汇率跌至约 40 年来的最低水平时，这不仅仅是东京政府的问题，也是美国的问题。
美国财政部上周采取了罕见步骤来帮助支撑日元，这强化了日元的全球重要性及其可能在跨境范围内引发的麻烦。美国和日本拥有深厚的经济和金融联系。日本持有大量美国国债、股票和其他资产——总计近 $3 万亿美元——这意味着日本的动荡可能会波及美国市场及其他地区。
以下是日元的变动为何对美国至关重要。
一次罕见协调的背后
紧密的金融纽带 美国的干预为日本官员的努力增加了金融分量，日本官员今年已经花费数百亿美元试图提升日元。到目前为止，日本的干预效果有限，并增加了日本可能会出售其持有的大量美国国债中的重要部分以资助进一步干预的可能性。日本是美国国债最大的外国持有者，持有量超过 $1.1 万亿美元。
通过出售国债，日本可能会压低其价格——以及
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 B1
制造业 美国产量触及 4 年多以来新高
在订单强劲增长的推动下，美国 7 月的制造业活动增加至 4 年多来的最高水平，带动了工厂就业——不过，中东冲突正使供应链承受压力，并导致投入成本维持在高位。
供应管理协会表示，其制造业采购经理人指数（PMI）上月上升至 55.6，为 2022 年 5 月以来的最高读数，而 6 月为 53.3。路透社调查的经济学家此前预测 PMI 将小幅上升至 54.0。今年的 PMI 一直保持在 50 这一阈值之上，表明制造业处于增长状态。制造业约占经济的 9.4%，此前一直受到企业的支持，企业通过提前下单以避免因战争而导致的价格上涨和短缺。人工智能的建设也在推动技术部门的活动，减轻了进口关税对制造业的打击。路透社
农业 泰森食品下调预测 短缺问题损害牛肉业务
泰森食品（Tyson Foods）周一降低了年度利润预测，并警告称，由于美国牛群供应紧张导致成本维持高位，其牛肉业务的损失将进一步扩大。
由于牛只成本的上涨速度超过了牛排和汉堡肉价格飙升带来的收益，肉类包装商在牛肉业务上出现了亏损。泰森食品今年已经关闭了内布拉斯加州的一家大型牛肉厂，并削减了德克萨斯州一家工厂的运营，裁员数千人。
由于长期干旱烧毁了美国西部的放牧地，牛群供应量萎缩至 75 年来的最低点，且华盛顿为了防止螺旋蝇入侵而暂停了从墨西哥的进口。这些害虫于 6 月在德克萨斯州和新墨西哥州的农场中被发现。面对降低成本的压力，特朗普政府表示计划本月开始取消进口禁令。泰森食品可能需要长达一年时间才能从这一举措中获益。路透社
银行 瑞银因洗钱违规 被罚 $125 million
瑞银（UBS）周一因违反《银行保密法》被美国监管机构罚款 $125 million，这是针对经纪交易商违反主要反洗钱法律而开出的最大额民事罚款。
美国财政部金融犯罪执法网络（FinCEN）表示，瑞银金融服务公司承认通过未能实施和维持反洗钱计划以及未能提交可疑活动报告，故意违反了《银行保密法》（BSA）。
瑞银现在成了惯犯。这家瑞士银行未能解决导致其在 2018 年 12 月被 FinCEN 罚款 $14.5 million 的问题。据称，随后的违规行为发生在 2019 年 1 月至 2023 年 6 月之间。
监管机构表示，瑞银未能对客户进行适当的尽职调查，特别是与俄罗斯和拉丁美洲有联系的高风险客户。此次和解要求瑞银聘请一名外部顾问。路透社
CARLOS BARRIA / REUTERS
油价大跌，投资者消化停战消息
作者：纽约时报
由于投资者关注美国与伊朗战争的最新博弈情况，油价在周一大幅下跌。
在周末，特朗普总统表示，由于伊朗及其中东盟友请求他暂停这场始于 5 个月前的战争中的任何新袭击，他已停止了一次计划中的美国袭击。他表示，与伊朗的谈判将于周一开始。
伊朗周一表示，正与阿曼举行会议，讨论临时重新开放霍尔木兹海峡。该海峡位于伊朗和阿曼之间，是石油和天然气至关重要的贸易航道。在战争之前，这里承载了全球多达五分之一的石油供应。
油价下跌。
■ 布伦特原油（全球石油基准价格）周一下跌约 5 百分比，至每桶约 $84。
■ 西德克萨斯中间原油（美国基准价格）下跌超过 5 百分比，至每桶约 $80。
■ 特朗普在周一的一篇社交媒体帖子中，呼吁石油公司降低消费者的价格。伊朗战争帮助全球石油巨头的利润达到了多年来的最高水平。总统还表示，雪佛龙首席执行官迈克·沃思（Mike Wirth）没有给予特朗普政府在挽救石油工业方面足够的认可。
■ 根据海运数据公司 Kpler 的数据，周末通过该海峡的航运流量依然较低，周六和周日共有 20 艘船通过。在战争之前，每天约有 130 艘船穿过该海峡。
■ 周日，名为 OPEC Plus 的石油输出国组织批准小幅增加石油产量，每天约增加 188,000 桶，并称此举旨在“支持石油市场的稳定性”。
股市微涨。
■ 周一美国股市收盘时，标普 500 指数上涨约 1.5 百分比，接近历史最高点。
■ 在欧洲，追踪该地区最大公司的广泛指数 Stoxx 600 上涨 0.5 百分比。
■ 亚洲各国大量进口石油和天然气，该地区的股市大部分下跌，主要受科技股下跌驱动。
汽油价格持平。
■ 根据 AAA 汽车俱乐部的资料，周一汽油价格持平，全美平均价格为每加仑 $4.10。自战争开始以来，这一增长已使驾驶者的成本增加了 37 百分比以上。
■ 汽油价格与原油价格并非同步波动，通常在原油上涨或下跌几天后才有所反应。
■ 周一柴油的平均价格为每加仑 $5.36，自战争开始以来上涨了 42 百分比以上。
各方观点：“缓解是有意义的，但仅是暂时的。”
■ “缓解是有意义的，但仅是暂时的，”他写道。“德黑兰尚未公开认可报道的框架，使得市场对再次反转保持警觉。”
■ BNY 分析师杰夫·尤（Geoff Yu）在研究报告中写道，美国与伊朗之间尝试建立沟通的努力为石油市场提供了一个喘息之机。
MARTA LAVANDIER / 美联社
上周在佛罗里达州迈阿密花园的加油站。截至周一，全美平均价格稳定在每加仑 $4.10。
时事通讯：DEALBOOK
DealBook 帮助您理解当天最重要的商业和政策头条新闻。请在 nytimes.com / dealbook 订阅时事通讯。
作者：JOE RENNISON 和 KIUKO NOTOYA
美国和日本上周在外交汇市场采取了罕见的协调干预行动，以稳定迅速贬值的日元，这是十多年来首次进行此类联合行动。
特朗普总统周日确认，财政部已协助日本当局。日本财务大臣片山早苗（Satsuki Katayama）在一份声明中表示，在日元持续疲软数月后，采取此次干预是为了应对“过度波动和无序波动”。
由于投资者日益担心日本不断扩大的财政支出，加上美国与伊朗战争导致能源成本上升，日元今年兑美元持续贬值。
7 月，该货币跌至 20 世纪 80 年代初以来的最低水平，美元兑日元一度突破 163，而前一年约为 147。
《金融时报》上周援引消息人士报道称，美国通过抛售欧元买入日元，助力支撑日元走强。在周一的东京交易中，日元兑美元一度飙升至 155 左右，随后稳定在 156.50 附近。
此次干预凸显了围绕美元全球角色所维持的微妙平衡。特朗普总统多次主张，过强的美元会使美国商品价格更高，从而损害美国出口商。
作者：NIRAJ CHOKSHI
波音公司周一获得美国监管机构批准，开始交付其最畅销的 737 Max 客机中尺寸最小的版本。对于一家近年来一直深受安全和质量问题困扰的公司来说，这是一个重大成就。
此次批准由美国联邦航空管理局（FAA）发出，是在经历了多年的延迟之后。该机构在一份声明中表示，这段时间一直致力于“解决复杂的技术问题，并完成对飞机设计及相关安全分析的全面审查”。
在 2018 和 2019 年发生两起导致 346 人死亡的 Max 坠机事故后，Max 7 的认证被推迟。事故发生后，联邦航空管理局将 Max 机型停飞了约 20 个月。随后在 2024, 一架 Max 客机在飞行中因面板安装不良而脱落，再次引发了对波音飞机质量的担忧。
为了获得 Max 7 的批准，波音公司必须对其飞行控制软件、飞行员警报系统以及一套防止结冰的发动机系统进行修改，因为该系统在某些情况下可能会导致发动机部分过热。
波音商业飞机部门首席执行官斯蒂芬妮·波普（Stephanie Pope）在一份声明中表示：“这一重要的认证验证了我们飞机设计的严谨性，并认可了我们 737 MAX 开发团队的决心和韧性。”
该公司表示，Max 7 的测试计划始于 2018 年，包括 1,000 多个小时的测试。波音公司正准备向西南航空交付首架 Max 7。该机型通常可搭载 135 到 160 名乘客。Max 8 是该机型中最受欢迎的版本，最多可搭载 180 名乘客，而 Max 9 最多可搭载 195 名乘客。
至于可搭载 210 名乘客的最大版本 Max 10 的认证则...
该喷气机的版本也已推迟，尽管该公司上个月表示已取得实质性进展。另一款更大的飞机 777, 9, 同样落后于计划多年。
在波音公司的转型获得动力之际，Max 7 获得了批准。在过去的两年里，该公司任命了新任首席执行官，修订了流程，并扩大了培训及其他质量控制实践。波音公司表示，其生产缺陷已显著减少。
美国联邦航空管理局（F.A.A.）表示，安全检查员将继续监督波音工厂开展的工作。
特朗普总统确认，财政部已介入以帮助稳定日元，这是十多年来首次开展此类联合行动。
海外……与此同时，华盛顿对于维持美元作为全球主导储备货币的地位有着浓厚兴趣——即企业、银行和个人用于商品定价和结算账目的货币。
对于日本而言，日元贬值产生了复杂的结果。虽然它提高了日本出口商的竞争力，但同时也增加了进口成本，尤其是能源。由于石油通常以美元定价，日本面临着全球油价上涨和货币贬值的双重负担，迫使进口商为每桶石油支付更多日元。
随着美元走强，日元的下跌反映了多种亚洲货币普遍的疲软。自 4 月以来，日本财务省已花费数以十亿计的……
（照片说明）从顶部起顺时针方向：东京一家证券公司外的汇率显示牌；东京的一家超市；日本银行行长植田和男；以及东京的交通状况。不断上升的通胀促使日本央行在 6 月将利率提高至 1 ％，为 31 年来最高水平。
CHANG W. LEE / THE NEW YORK TIMES
YUICHI YAMAZAKI / AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
来自商业第一页
这最终可能会提高美国政府的借贷成本。由于对通胀的担忧，美国国债收益率在最近几周已经攀升。上周，30年期美国国债收益率达到了2007年以来的最高水平。
日元的波动也会影响其他亚洲货币，例如韩国 won。因此，支撑日元可以降低其他亚洲国家承受剧烈压力并需要出售其美元储备以支撑本国货币的风险。
“对于华盛顿来说，支撑日元是一项成本相对较低的保险，”悉尼穆迪分析公司（Moody’s Analytics）的经济学家约翰·布罗姆黑德（John Bromhead）在一份照会中写道。
这已不是今年日本市场波动首次引起美国官员关注。今年1月，在财政部长斯科特·贝森特（Scott Bessent）将美国政府借贷成本上升归咎于日本债券收益率上涨后，财政部曾考虑干预日元。
KENNY HOLSTON / THE NEW YORK TIMES
投入数十亿美元购买日元以支撑该货币，但成效有限。
片山女士周一在东京发表讲话时表示，政府认为日元被低估，并指出了高市早苗（Sanae Takaichi）首相为振兴经济所做的努力。
此次协同干预与日本银行最新的政策会议时间一致。会上，官员们维持利率不变，但暗示进一步加息仍有可能。日本央行在6月提高了利率，市场分析师预计在年底前还将再次加息。
在经历了数十年旨在对抗通货紧缩的超低利率政策后，日本银行一直在逐步提高利率，以——
通过增加外国买家的购买成本，从而影响美国出口商。而这可能会给日本出口商在美国市场带来竞争优势。根据美国贸易代表办公室的数据，去年美国从日本进口了价值 1460 亿美元 billion 的商品，出口了约 820 亿美元 billion。
目前尚不清楚对日元的干预将产生多大效果，即使有美国政府的帮助。日元大幅下跌的一个根本原因是投资者对日本财政状况的担忧——沉重的债务负担以及政府推行的减税和支出计划。该国的总债务规模超过其经济规模的两倍，是目前所有主要发达经济体中债务负担最重的。
日本财政压力正在增加。由于高市早苗首相正寻求帮助企业和家庭应对高昂的生活成本，借贷成本正在上升。这包括能源成本，由于伊朗战争造成的干扰，能源成本有所上涨，从而引发了对政府将增加支出的猜测，并进一步削弱了日元。
应对通胀压力。 然而，高市女士一直主张维持低借贷成本，将其作为围绕财政刺激、减税和增加国防开支的议程的一部分——随着利率上升，这些优先事项的融资将变得更加困难。
许多经济学家认为，提高日本利率通过缩小与美国利率的差距，将有助于减轻日元的下跌压力。财政部长斯科特·贝森特（Scott Bessent）在今年早些时候访问东京期间也表达了类似的观点。
今年到目前为止，日本股票的表现优于美国同行。尽管在过去一个月有所下降，但日本的基准日经 225 指数今年仍上涨了近 30%，而标准普尔 500 指数上涨了 9.2%。
美国上一次与日本协调货币干预是在 2011, 年，当时两国在日本毁灭性地震和海啸后日元异常走强，试图使其走弱。华盛顿在 1998 年日元剧烈贬值期间也加入日本行列支持日元。
对于特朗普政府而言，日元持续疲软带来了多重挑战。它使日本制造商在面对美国生产商时具有竞争优势，从而削弱了特朗普总统利用关税鼓励企业将生产转移到美国的广泛努力。
日元走弱还可能引发日本的通货膨胀，潜在地促使日本银行……
Connected Markets 不断攀升的通胀促使日本央行在 6 月将利率提高至 1%，为 31 年来的最高水平。多年来，日本银行通过购买大量政府债券，将利率保持在极低水平，甚至低于零。其目标是刺激增长。决策者已开始缓慢推高利率。
但分析师认为，只要日本利率仍远低于美国，日元的弱势就将持续。目前美联储将利率维持在 3.5% 至 3.75% 之间。尽管美联储今年尚未调整利率，但决策者之间日益增长的分歧正增加央行加息的压力。这可能会进一步扩大与日本利率的差距。
上周，日本银行维持利率不变，但交易员押注官员将在今年晚些时候再次提高利率。矛盾的是，日本利率的提高也可能对美国产生反噬，因为这将使日本资产对部分投资者更具吸引力，从而使他们远离美国资产。
更积极地提高利率。更高的日本债券收益率可能会鼓励国内投资者将资金从美国国债转移回日本资产，从而推低国债价格，提高美国收益率，并增加整个美国经济的借贷成本。
特朗普先生在周日被问及财政部此次采取这一步骤的原因。他在抵达马里兰州的安德鲁斯空军基地后表示：“为了支持日元。因为我们与日本关系良好。我们在财务上非常强大，非常非常强大。”
他补充道：“日本一直对我们很好，当然，珍珠港除外。”
贝森特先生在 X 平台的一篇帖子中也承认了这次干预。他写道，协同的外汇行动“应对了日元的无序波动”，并补充说，“我们不会犹豫地参与进一步的联合干预。”
片山女士表示，日本财务省“仍保持关注并与财政部保持密切沟通”。
尽管如此，分析师警告称，除非潜在的经济力量也发生变化，否则仅靠干预不太可能扭转日元的下跌趋势。
富国银行的分析师表示：“此次干预凸显了官方捍卫货币的决心日益增强，但同样也强调了仅依赖外汇操作的局限性。”
根据美国财政部的数据，日本在美国的大规模投资不仅限于国债，去年的股票投资近 $1.2 万亿美元，公司债券投资超过 $300 亿美元。
紧密相连 美元无疑是世界上最强大的货币，在近 90 百分比的几乎所有外汇交易中都占据一方。日元也是一个重要的参与者。它是交易量第三大的货币，仅次于欧元。根据国际结算银行的数据，其在全球交易中的份额明显高于英镑、瑞士法郎和人民币。
贝森特先生和日本财务大臣片山早苗都表示，如果需要，可能会采取进一步行动来支撑日元。周一，日元兑美元达到 157，为 5 月初以来的最强水平。
片山女士在的一份声明中说：“日本财务省仍保持关注，并与美国财政部的同行保持密切沟通。我们不会犹豫地进行进一步的联合干预。”
Scott Pelley（上图）被解雇，而 Sharyn Alfonsi 的合同被允许到期，因为两人都指责 CBS 新闻主编 Bari Weiss 强加政治偏见。
将其解雇。 他们将 在哥伦比亚大学任教。
作者：BENJAMIN MULLIN
莎琳·阿尔芳西（Sharyn Alfonsi）和斯科特·佩利（Scott Pelley）是两位前《60 分钟》（“60 Minutes”）记者。在今年春季与高管发生冲突后，他们被该节目解雇，目前正前往一个新的职业目的地：课堂。
哥伦比亚大学新闻学院周一表示，阿尔芳西女士和佩利先生将在接下来的学年担任该学院的驻校记者。这些兼职角色将包括开设讲座并帮助学生磨练其调查报道技巧。两人还将分别为该校关于媒体问题的杂志《哥伦比亚新闻评论》（Columbia Journalism Review）撰写一篇文章。
“这两位都是顶尖记者，”哥伦比亚大学新闻学院院长杰拉尼·科布（Jelani Cobb）在一次采访中表示。
“两位顶尖记者”。
“他们不仅是在一家著名的新闻机构工作，而且是在最卓越的调查类广播新闻节目中工作。”
阿尔芳西女士和佩利先生是在与 CBS 新闻总编辑巴里·魏斯（Bari Weiss）关系紧张的情况下被挤出《60 分钟》的，两人均指控其在报道中植入政治偏见。在佩利先生就员工人事变动与该节目新执行制片人尼克·比尔顿（Nick Bilton）对质后，CBS 新闻让阿尔芳西女士的合同到期且将其解雇。
在声明中，阿尔芳西女士和佩利先生表示，他们在哥伦比亚大学的新角色出现在新闻业的一个关键时刻。“深入、严谨且无畏的报道从未如此重要过，”阿尔芳西女士说。
“对于新闻自由地带来说，这是一个关键时期，”佩利先生补充道。
科布先生表示，在 6 月《60 分钟》解雇佩利先生的次日，他就联系了对方。在佩利先生与《60 分钟》决裂引发的轩然大波中，科布先生原以为很难联系到他。但佩利先生立即接听了电话，随后科布先生迅速与他及阿尔芳西女士敲定了细节。
科布先生说，之后他们必须防止消息泄露。
“我们不得不保守这个秘密一段时间，”他说。“这发生在六或七周前。”
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源自商业第一页
由于抛盘增加，股价下跌 1.5 百分比。
在各项禁售期届满后，SpaceX 的股票表现可能会成为其他未来 12 个月内可能上市的大型科技公司的基准，包括人工智能初创公司 Anthropic 和 OpenAI。
今年 6 月，马斯克先生的公司举行了全球最大规模的 I.P.O.，筹集了 857 亿美元 十亿，并在交易首日上涨近 20 百分比，市值突破 $2 万亿。这次事件使掌控 SpaceX 超过 80 百分比股东投票权的马斯克先生成为了全球首位万亿富翁，且似乎预示了投资者对更多科技公司 I.P.O. 的渴求。
但 SpaceX 之后波动剧烈的股票表现提醒人们，上市绝非易事。这家公司目前的市值 $1.428 万亿，一直受到投资者怀疑以及数量日益增加的“空头”卖家的冲击，后者通过借入股票来押注股价下跌。
任何价格波动都可能被放
随着战争限制供应
与伊朗的冲突开始，并一直维持在那个水平。分析人士表示，如果战争无法达成持久解决方案，欧洲将被迫继续支付更高价格来填充其天然气储备设施，这些成本最终将转嫁到公共事业账单中。
在战争爆发前，全球约五分之一的液化天然气流经该海峡，主要来自卡塔尔。目前只有极少部分天然气能够进入市场。
“所有液化天然气进口国都将感受到这一点，包括在为明年冬季补充天然气储备的欧洲，”国际能源署执行主任法提赫·比罗尔在该组织 21 日发布的月度石油报告中警告道。
确保天然气储备在近年来已成为欧洲的一项关键挑战。在 2022 年俄罗斯入侵乌克兰后，欧盟及其盟友积极用液化天然气取代俄罗斯的管道天然气，
治安官/ 警长拍卖
治安官执行拍卖公开竞价：关于停车违章诉于各类判决债务人。我将代表城市治安官 Martin A. Bienstock，由拍卖师 Michael Golia 于 2026年8月6日，星期四，上午 10:00 在：4825 Baldwin Street, Bronx, NY 10470 进行公开拍卖。拍卖以下车辆的所有权益 / 产权 / 利益： 07 TOYO JTDKB20UX77673042 19 HOND 1HGCV1F30KA101723 12 CHEV 1GB3G3BG5C1171561 09 CHEV 2G1WB57K591209981 05 TOYO 4T1BE32K05U537117 16 FORD 3FADP4BJ8GM118708 14 ME WD3PE8DC0E5888532 99 CHEV 3G1JC1242XS831822 87 CHEV 1GCJP32J2H3318963 18 DODG 1C4SDJCTXJC289543 08 ME WDBUF87X08B333444 06 NISS 1N4AL11D06N399349 08 TOYO JTEDS41A482039681 12 MERZ WDDGF8BB7CA648059 05 HOND 1HGCM82645A006100 09 HOND 1HGCP36829A031119 15 HYUN 5NPE24AF4FH151851 11 FORD 1FMCU0DG1BKC27645 11 KIA 5XYKTDA23BG077918 09 PORS WP1AA29P69LA04142 04 CHEV 1GCFG15T741206995 05 TOYO 5TDBT44A65S253256 99 HOND 2HKRL1859XH524152 10 MAZD JM1BL1SG2A1312705 15 DODG 2C4RDGEG2FR643751 14 FORD 3FA6P0K98ER311237 05 HOND JHMES96645S015384 14 JEEP 1C4RJEBG8EC173766 11 HOND JHMGE8H50BC017878 10 HOND 1HGCP2F48AA005636 12 SUBA JF1GPAH6XCH213087 08 HOND 1HGCP36898A057134 16 SUBA JF2GPABC9G8317893 12 GMC 2GKFLTEK5C6256776 07 FORD 1FTPX14527FA43932 00 CHEV 1GCFG15WXY1107085 12 DODG 1C4RDHAG6CC278510 13 HOND 1HGCR2F31DA215940 17 KIA 3KPFK4A7XHE089182 06 CHRY 2A4GP54L16R829261
以下车辆将带抵押权出售： 19 TOYO 4T1B11HK7KU723787 23 HOND 1HGCY2F74PA027049 19 HOND SHHFK7H95KU407816 20 CHEV 2GNAXUEV8L6239701 19 NISS 1N4BL4EV5KC256685 18 BMW WBA8E5G54JNV02417 18 CHEV 1GCVKPEC6JZ208134 17 HOND 1HGCR2F59HA176750 21 FORD MAJ6S3GLXMC434880 20 ME WDD3G4FBXLW036763 23 ACUR 5J8TC2H67PL000421 17 BMW WBAJE7C34HG887591 22 HYUN 5NMJBCAE0NH026759 17 CHEV 1G1BE5SM2H7193271 18 NISS 1N4AL3AP2JC470108 20 NISS 3N1AB8CV4LY285318 24 NISS 1N4BL4DV2RN350944 14 MITS JA32U2FU1EU013535 24 AUDI WAUAUDGY5RA073686 25 NISS 3N8AP6CB6SL438905 17 NISS 1N4AL3AP1HC492904 17 HOND 1HGCR2F50HA039292 11 ME 4JGBB2FB3BA705634 19 NISS KNMAT2MT0KP529342 19 JEEP 1C4RJFCG0KC624124 15 JEEP 1C4PJLDS0FW516339 18 NISS KNMAT2MT5JP518769 18 HOND JHMZC5F39JC022946 18 CHEV KL7CJLSB5JB564692 19 KIA 5XXGT4L39KG329784 12 JEEP 1C4NJRFB6CD574700 17 MAZD JM3KFBDL5H0141463
以下车辆将作为报废车出售： 11 HOND 1HGCP2F84BA059519 14 INFI JN1BV7ARXEM688625 05 ACUR 19UUA66235A077572 13 HOND 2HGFB2F89DH527504 15 HOND 1HGCR2F51FA239532 12 HYUN 5NPEB4AC6CH497160 09 ME WDDGF81X39F179707 13 ACUR 19UUA9F54DA000039
仅限现金 拍卖前 1 小时可查验 城市治安官 MARTIN A. BIENSTOCK 徽号 # 75 (718) 279-3774
[!NOTE] 本章节源文包含大量外语数据与图片版面，已进行结构化对齐优化。
治安官执行拍卖 公开拍卖 关于：停车违章 vs. 各类 判决债务人，我将进行 公开拍卖 由城市治安官 Matthew Regan 执行 由拍卖师 Courtney Morris 主持 日期：2026年8月6日，周四 上午10:00 地点：5 J's Towing 62-02 Beach Channel Dr Arverne, New York 11692. 所有权 / 凭证 / 权益均包含在以下车辆中： 11 NISSA 3N1BC1CP9BL485858 12 CHEVR 1GNKRGED2CJ201360 15 BMW WBAYF8C5XFD654252 11 LA-RO SALAG2D49BA591718 12 DODGE 3C4PDCBG3CT245879 23 NISSA 1N6ED1CM8PN642054 14 CHEVR 1G11B5SL0EF221176 14 VOLKS 3VW2K7AJ9EM433143 13 FORD 1FADP3F23DL266291 10 NISSA 1N4AL2EP6AC165344 00 ME-BE WDBNG70J7YA113404 03 GMC 1GTGG25U431139435 02 FORD 2FAFP74W72X121860 11 INTER 1HTMMAAL0BH316865 10 HYUND KMHDU4AD5AU110014 11 PORSC WP1AB2A27BLA51263 12 CHEVR 1G1PC5SH1C7362669 06 BMW WBAVB17526NK30591 07 MEBE 4JGBF71E97A296159 99 MERC 2MEFM74W2XX622616 以下车辆带抵押权出售 20 JEEP ZACNJBD16LPL78191 16 BMW WBA5B3C53GG256849 20 NISSA 1N4AA6CV6LC366100 15 CADIL 3GYFNEE3XFS568943 19 TOYOT 4T1B11HK5KU248673 16 BMW WBA3N9C59GK249323 08 JEEP 1J4GA39168L564328 23 FORD 1FM5K8LC4PGB02600 20 JEEP 1C4RJFBG5LC255795 10 MAZDA JM1BL1SF3A1269158 18 FORD 1FM5K7F8XJGC13855 15 CHEVR 1GNKRGKDXFJ241520 23 HYUND KM8K62AB5PU028605 19 JEEP 1C4RJFJGXKC613859 08 HYUND KM8JN72D68U761873 18 ME-BE 55SWF6EB8JU245801 16 NISSA 1N4AL3APXGC291761 23 NISSA 5N1BT3AB1PC938577 19 JEEP 1C4PJMBX6KD298787 06 INFINI JNKCV51F06M605019 17 MITSU JA32U2FU1HU013846 16 HONDA 1HGCR2F59GA136828 16 FORD 2FMPK4AP4GBC08561 仅限现金 拍卖前1小时可查验 城市治安官 Matthew G. Regan 徽章号 5 电话 (929) 251 7497
SpaceX 的高管在 6 月的首次公开募股纳斯达克仪式上。该股票在短时间内飙升，随后从最高点下跌了近 50 百分比。
佛罗里达大学 I.P.O. 计划主任 Jay Ritter 表示，这与 SpaceX 在公开市场可交易的股份比例（即“流通盘”）相对较小有关。 SpaceX 的流通盘目前低于总股数的 5 百分比，在首次禁售期结束后将增加到 12 百分比以上。
在 X 平台上，随着 SpaceX 股价下跌而变成了“仅仅”是亿万富翁的马斯克先生，开玩笑地谈到他失去了万亿富翁的地位。 但他也警告那些押注他失败的人，不相信这家公司是错误的。
上图为马耳他的液化天然气设施，右侧附近为意大利。欧洲的天然气储备（最右图，用于为家庭和企业的暖炉及锅炉提供燃料）处于十多年来的最低夏季水平之一。“这是一个相当令人担忧的局面，”一名研究人员说道。
主要从美国进口。为了维持能源稳定，欧盟执行季节性法规，要求成员国全年满足存储基准。 到 11 月，在伊朗战争爆发前几个月，欧盟成员国的平均天然气存储量为 75 到 80 百分比——低于当时政府 90 百分比的目标。 随着欧洲应对伊朗战争带来的供应中断，它还遭受着气候变化带来的昂贵影响。今年，由于全球气温上升引发的欧洲大陆危险热浪增加了空调的电力需求，这一挑战尤为严峻。 在法国，高温甚至迫使一些核反应堆削减产量，这意味着对天然气发电厂的依赖增加。 欧洲还在竞争……
ANDRES KUDACKI 为《纽约时报》拍摄
与亚洲竞争天然气，那里的异常高温同样在推高需求。
欧洲的大部分天然气在冬季消耗。因此，各国试图在夏季月份保持较高的存储水平，以避免在最寒冷的月份支付峰值价格。
欧盟的执行机构——欧盟委员会今年放宽了存储规则，允许各国在困难的市场条件下，目标在11月初至少达到80 percent的容量。
一些专家和行业官员担心，欧洲将无法达到这一较低的阈值。
“我们认为欧洲无法达到80 percent的存储填充——
作者：SHAWNA RICHER
多伦多 —— 加拿大最大的航空公司之一 WestJet 与代表 4,400 名乘务员的工会在周一早些时候达成了一项初步合同协议，结束了为期一天的罢工，此次罢工导致数百个航班被取消。
代表乘务员的劳工组织加拿大公共雇员工会在一份声明中表示，罢工已经结束，乘务员将返回工作岗位。
“这份初步协议代表了实质性的进展，”当地工会分会主席 Alia Hussain 表示，并补充说，该协议将更好地认可并补偿机组人员所执行的工作。
初步协议的细节尚未立即公布。该协议仍需经由工会成员投票批准。
WestJet 表示，自周五以来，在加拿大大部分地区处于长周末期间，该公司已取消了 645 个航班。该航空公司最受欢迎的路线是国内航线，但前往其他目的地的航班——包括
“我说过，如果我们实现了目标，SpaceX 的价值将超过地球，”马斯克先生上个月在社交媒体上发帖称。根据彭博亿万富翁指数，他的净资产目前约为 6840 亿美元 billion。
马斯克先生和 SpaceX 发言人未回应置评请求。SpaceX 计划于周二公布其作为上市公司的首次业绩报告。
虽然新上市公司传统上禁止内部人士在 IPO 后的前 180 天内交易，但 SpaceX 对其禁售期采取了分阶段处理，使得早期员工和投资者能够在接下来的 10 个月内分批出售股份。
最大的一批份额，共 1.3 billion 股，将在公司秋季公布财务业绩后解锁。SpaceX 最大股东马斯克先生控制着超过 6.4 billion 股，在明年 6 月之前，他将无法对其持有的大部分股份进行交易。
SpaceX 的现任和前任员工一直在密切关注近期股价的波动。
随着首批禁售期结束，一些前员工在 Facebook 群组中通过众包方式探讨如何处理其持股的策略，根据与《纽约时报》分享的帖子显示。
在其中一个群组中，有人估计 1,200 名成员集体持有至少“价值 10 亿美元的股票”。
“我不希望我的净资产有如此大的一部分集中在单一股票中，所以我的目标是多样化，”一名 SpaceX 前工程师写道。对此，评论者告诉他应持有股份，并在需要现金时将其抵押贷款。
在近期给投资者的一份简报中，参与 SpaceX IPO 工作的摩根士丹利分析师 Adam Jonas 表示，该公司股价“现实地”可能会跌至 $100。他表示对 SpaceX 的未来持乐观态度，并计算出该公司的价值为每股 $300，但指出目前存在“脱节”且“投资者的看跌情绪日益增加”。
乔纳斯先生将这种脱节归因于“没有重大的基本面变化”。相反，他表示，那些对 SpaceX 持积极态度的人
WestJet 乘务员周日在不列颠哥伦比亚省里奇蒙市的温哥华国际机场举行罢工。约 645 个航班被取消。
CLARA VANNUCCI 为《纽约时报》拍摄
KATRIN STREICHER 为《纽约时报》拍摄
在冬季之前，”挪威能源巨头 Equinor 的首席财务官 Torgrim Reitan 在最近的一次业绩电话会议上表示。
尽管如此，根据能源联盟工作组（由协调能源政策的欧洲国家和委员会成员组成的联盟）的说法，该大陆并没有面临天然气耗尽的危险。天然气价格比 2022 年的水平“明显降低”。
“冬季暂无紧迫的供应安全担忧，”工作组人员表示。咨询机构 Rystad Energy 的高级分析师 Christoph Halser 指出，欧洲的处境比世界其他地区，尤其是依赖天然气的亚洲部分地区要好。
这是因为美国将提供大量新的液化天然气出口能力，以此缓冲来自卡塔尔的损失。
另一个影响填充储备紧迫性的因素是欧洲约 12 ％的天然气供应即将减少。在不到六个月的时间里，欧洲国家将根据法律必须停止进口俄罗斯液化天然气，这将增加从美国和其他国家引进更多货船的需求。
而那些持有负面看法的人则坚持己见。
许多投资者在押注该公司下跌。根据金融数据公司 S3 Partners 的数据，SpaceX 约 250 亿美元 billion 的可交易股票，即其流通盘的 34 ％，由空头持有。
根据 S3 的数据，SpaceX 是美国第八大被做空股票，也是过去 30 天内被做空最多的股票。
追踪首次公开募股（I.P.O.）的 Renaissance Capital 高级策略师 Matt Kennedy 表示，对于寻求短期收益的投资者来说，SpaceX 是一个“警示故事”。
他表示，在今年上市且融资至少 $50 million 的其他美国公司中，SpaceX 的股票表现处于底端三分之一。
Kennedy 先生指出，包括 Facebook 和 Uber 在内的大型科技公司在上市后股价也曾下跌，但它们挺过了风暴。鉴于 SpaceX 的禁售期即将届满，他预计该股票在未来几天将出现更多波动。
“没有人愿意在飞刀落下时去接它，”他说道。
要求在目前无偿的地面值勤时间（包括乘客登机和安全演示）中获得补偿。
周日，拿着该公司青色和海军蓝色标牌的乘务员在多伦多、蒙特利尔、温哥华和卡尔加里等加拿大最大的机场外排成了警戒线。
航空公司表示，所有受此次罢工影响的乘客（此次罢工导致 WestJet 无法起飞其波音 737 和 787 飞机）将获得退款或重新安置。
WestJet 航空公司是加拿大仅次于加拿大航空的第二大承运商，于 1996 年作为一家拥有三架飞机的低成本航空公司开始运营。它在 2019 年被总部位于多伦多的私募股权公司 Onex Corporation 收购，目前拥有近 200 架飞机，飞往 100 多个目的地。
此次罢工是一年内加拿大航空旅行的第二次重大混乱。去年夏天，加拿大政府下令进行强制仲裁，以终止加拿大航空 10,000 名乘务员的罢工，该罢工在很大程度上也是由类似的薪酬问题引起的。
平方英尺
作者：EMMETT LINDNER
亿万富翁投资者彼得·蒂尔（Peter Thiel）在 6 月租赁迈阿密布里克尔（Brickell）社区的办公空间时，以每平方英尺 $250 的价格打破了租赁记录，用于设立其家族办公室。同月，Man Capital 的亿万富翁穆罕默德·曼苏尔（Mohamed Mansour）在湾港群岛（Bay Harbor Islands）的新综合体 Well 中签署了家族办公室租赁协议。超级碗冠军汤姆·布雷迪（Tom Brady）也正准备将其家族办公室 TEB Capital Management 搬入同一栋大楼。
这些举动以及类似的迁移，已开始改变迈阿密的办公格局，这是越来越多在当地开设以管理个人财富和私人事务的公司所引发的一股浪潮。随着自新冠疫情以来有更多高净值人群迁移到迈阿密，当地对这些私人公司的需求也随之增加。
单家族办公室可追溯至 19 世纪的洛克菲勒家族，在本十年间实现了大幅增长。根据德勤（Deloitte）最新的家族办公室报告，2024, 年全球共有 8,000 多家单家族办公室，比 2019, 年的 6,000 多家增长了约 30%。预计到 2030, 年，这一数字将超过 10,000 家，即 10 年内增长约 75%。
这种增长源于财富集中度的快速提高。德勤的数据显示，2024, 年拥有家族办公室的家庭总估值财富超过 $5 万亿美元，而 2019, 年则略高于 $3 万亿美元。资金规模的增加导致持仓更加复杂，会计师、税务专家和其他公司随之出现以填补缺口。
在迈阿密，经纪人们不得不采取行动
作者：BERNHARD WARNER
锡耶纳山银行（Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena）是世界上最古老的银行。它在美第奇家族的兴衰、地区战争与世界大战以及自身的濒死体验中幸存下来——包括 2017 年一次 54 亿欧元的救助计划，以及一场让该贷款机构成为管理不善代名词的衍生品丑闻。但在首席执行官路易吉·洛瓦格利奥（Luigi Lovaglio）的领导下，该行已成长为欧洲最健康的金融机构之一；洛瓦格利奥是意大利政府于 2022 年招募来主导转型的。现在，它成了一个收购目标。
上周，洛瓦格利奥先生在位于锡耶纳历史中心、宛如堡垒般的 14 世纪银行总部萨利姆贝尼宫（Palazzo Salimbeni）内，思考着该行面临的最新挑战。这家托斯卡纳贷款机构正被其最大的竞争对手在一场日益激烈的争夺战中追逐。“我正日以继夜地工作，以寻找最佳解决方案，”洛瓦格利奥先生说道，他在今年春季的一场激烈的董事会斗争中幸存并留任。
今年 6 月，总部位于米兰的 BPM 银行（Banco BPM）提议与锡耶纳山银行进行一次“平等合并”，事件由此触发。次日，意大利最大的银行意向圣保罗银行（Intesa Sanpaolo）宣布一项针对锡耶纳山银行的恶意收购方案，计划以 €35 billion (400 亿美元 billion) 的现金和股票进行收购；目前锡耶纳山银行的资产负债表上约有 €240 billion 资产。
意向圣保罗银行的计划颇为复杂。它涉及与意大利保险公司 Unipol 合作，后者将收购锡耶纳山银行约一半的分行网络——其中一些网点仍经营在托斯卡纳的小镇上，包括吉利奥岛（Giglio）——从而将“锡耶纳”的名字从门牌上抹去。意向圣保罗银行觊觎的是锡耶纳山银行的顶端资产：其 Mediobanca 投资银行和财富管理部门，以及在价值 770 亿美元 billion 的保险公司 Generali 中持有的股份。锡耶纳山银行是去年在一次令人震惊的“大卫吞噬歌利亚”式的收购中获得这些资产的。
更复杂的是，BPM 银行在周五的一份声明中表示，已终止与锡耶纳山银行的合并讨论，使谈判陷入停滞。晨星公司（Morningstar）的银行分析师约翰·肖尔茨（Johann Scholtz）在谈到围绕锡耶诺山银行展开的利益竞争时表示：“这绝对具有一种《权力的游戏》般的特质。”
虽然欧洲政治家、监管机构和银行官员们正密切关注意大利贷款机构 UniCredit 试图收购德国商业银行（Commerzbank）——这次恶意接洽曾一度演变为罗马与柏林之间的外交争端——但一场整合狂潮正在重塑意大利国内的银行业。在多年高利率、股市激增以及巨额财富管理费的推动下，欧洲银行的增长速度达到了 2008 年全球金融危机前以来最健康的水平。但尽管如此，保护主义倾向在各国首都依然根深蒂固。尽管有人在推动
为了跟上近期对家族办公室空间的请求速度，其速度快得异常。根据独立经纪及咨询公司 Blanca Commercial Real Estate 的一份报告，在 2026 年的第二季度，迈阿密 15 percent 的新租赁活动与金融服务扩张相关，其中就包括家族办公室。
根据德勤（Deloitte）对全球 354 家单家族办公室（包括知名家族办公室）的调查，家族办公室的平均管理资产在 2023 年为 20 亿美元 billion。根据追踪家族办公室数据的 Altss 的研究，迈阿密地区已经设立了 120 多个此类办公室，管理资产的中位数为 $350 million。
现在，更多处于超高净值阶层之下的家庭也在申请办公室空间。
“二十年前，这主要是极富人群的领域，且非常侧重于投资，”佛罗里达大学莱文法学院（Levin College of Law）专注于遗产规划的教授 Lee-ford Tritt 表示，“现在，它们已在很大程度上成为拥有复杂持产家庭的管理工具。”
分析师和房地产领袖表示，办公空间需求的增加导致租赁价格更高且竞争更激烈。根据 Blanca 和房地产服务公司 JLL 的数据，在 2020 和 2025 年之间，迈阿密-戴德县（Miami-Dade County）办公空间的平均 asking 租金上涨了 50 percent 以上。
报告称，在同一时期，可比市场并未出现如此剧烈的增长。德克萨斯州奥斯汀的租金上涨了近 18 percent，达拉斯上涨了 13 percent，北卡罗来纳州罗利上涨了 8 percent。纽约市和旧金山则经历了下降，平均 asking 租金分别下跌了 10 percent 和 15 percent。
“在纽约，一栋大楼被填满是一件大事，但它不能改变市场，”库盛量行（Cushman and Wakefield）佛罗里达州副主席 Brian Gale 表示，“在迈阿密，因为我们的市场比纽约、芝加哥或北加州小得多，在疫情期间出现大规模人口迁入迈阿密之前，我们的租金上涨了两到三倍，”他说道。
根据迈阿密房地产经纪人协会（Miami Association of Realtors）的数据，迈阿密、西棕榈滩和博卡拉顿在全美最大市场中办公空置率最低——尽管迈阿密的办公建筑施工率在全美最高。
近年来，更多高净值人士迁移到迈阿密，部分原因是这里没有州所得税，而与此同时，加利福尼亚州、纽...
（从顶部起顺时针方向：路易吉·洛瓦格利奥（Luigi Lovaglio），锡耶纳之山银行（Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena）首席执行官，位于意大利锡耶纳萨利姆贝尼宫（Palazzo Salimbeni）内的银行历史档案馆；该银行的成立宪章，日期为 1472；锡耶纳历史市中心的一家之山银行分行；以及摆满旧财务账本的架子。）
DealBook 帮助您解读当天最重要的商业和政策头条。请在 nytimes.com / dealbook 订阅该通讯。
The Well 是迈阿密吸引单家族办公室（包括汤姆·布雷迪的办公室）的新建筑之一。此类办公室可追溯至洛克菲勒家族，目前增长迅速。
欧盟以及前欧洲央行行长、前意大利总理马里奥·德拉吉（Mario Draghi）被要求鼓励跨境和跨行业的整合。他认为，只有这样，欧洲才能考虑建立超级银行，以便更好地与摩根大通（JPMorgan Chase）和高盛（Goldman Sachs）等美国巨头竞争。（摩根大通是 Intesa 的并购顾问。）
意大利已经接受了整合金融机构的想法。
“意大利银行业正处于一个新的 M.&A. era 的边缘，”标准普尔全球评级（S&P Global Ratings）的分析师在 Intesa 提出收购方案后的 6 月份的一份报告中写道。
不仅仅是一家银行 成立于 1472 年的蒙特德帕斯基银行（Monte dei Paschi）面临被收购的前景，在托斯卡纳地区引起了剧烈震动。包括市长在内的锡耶纳市民对 Intesa 的收购出价反应尤为激烈，担心这将意味着他们深爱的银行将走向终结。
长期以来，该银行一直是该地区的主要雇主，也是当地企业的重大支持者。其曾经强大的慈善基金资助了社会服务、社区组织和艺术项目，包括锡耶纳的一家医院扩建工程，以及该市著名的帕里奥（Palio）——一场由竞争邻里之间展开、胜者通吃所有荣誉的无鞍马赛。
“蒙特不仅仅是一家银行。它是历史，是文化，也是经济，”退休的蒙特德帕斯基银行员工克劳迪奥·马里尼亚尼（Claudio Marignani）说道。2012 年，他创立了一个名为 Sena Civitas 的社区组织。他号召他的同乡（当地人被称为 senesi）公开集会，以表达对蒙特德帕斯基银行独立地位的支持。
“我们非常信任洛瓦格利奥（Lovaglio），而且在洛瓦格利奥周围，社区给予了巨大的支持，”马里尼亚尼先生在市中心主广场（Piazza del Campo）的一家酒吧接受采访时表示。“但人们也担心工作机会，以及锡耶纳的身份认同。”
罗马天主教会也向交易达成者发出了警告，表示任何合并必须保护意大利家庭的生计。锡耶纳总教区在 7 月写了一封公开信，称将监督谈判，“相信即使在市场事务中，也可以期待某种程度的公正与慈善。”
洛瓦格利奥先生表示，看到社区围绕该银行集结是令人鼓舞的。但最终，公司的命运掌握在股东手中，而最强大的股东离锡耶纳非常遥远。
截然不同的世界观 锡耶纳人之前经历过这种情况。五年前，该银行是一家国有贷方，处于维持生命的状态。由罗马方面促成的“白骑士”交易最终失败了。随后，在 2022 年 2 月，德拉吉（Draghi）政府的一位官员邀请洛瓦格利奥先生出任最高职务。“当我被邀请时，我在 5 分钟内就做出了决定，”洛瓦格利奥先生说。
八个月后，他及其团队完成了一次 €25 亿欧元的资本筹集，终于让蒙特德帕斯基银行获得了稳固的财务基础，将罗马方面的持股比例从约 64% 降低。（如今已低于 5%）。自那时起，该银行的股价上涨了 475% 以上，远超欧洲银行业整体水平。
纽约州和华盛顿州——科技和金融行业的传统中心——正建议对超富人群征收新税。
肯·格里芬（Ken Griffin）于 2022 年将个人住所及其对冲基金 Citadel 的全球总部从芝加哥迁至迈阿密。（他在布里克尔金融区买下了一个完整的街区。）马克·扎克伯格（Mark Zuckerberg）、杰夫·贝佐斯（Jeff Bezos）和布雷迪（Mr. Brady）先生也将佛罗里达州作为了他们的基地。随着这些搬迁，附近对家族办公室的需求也随之增加。例如，布雷迪先生的家族办公室距离他在印第安克里克村（Indian Creek Village）的家仅约 15 分钟车程，该社区在迈阿密-戴德县被誉为“亿万富翁地堡”。
家族办公室的规模不一，但通常可以是精简的运营模式，仅由一两名家庭成员工作。
离开该空间。根据德勤（Deloitte）的报告，家族办公室平均有 15 名员工，但规模较大的公司员工人数可超过 20 人。为家族办公室提供服务的会计师事务所、律师事务所和其他白领公司已注意到这一趋势，并开始在迈阿密周边开设分机构以满足需求。
“迈阿密的人才池已显著增长，”在迈阿密工作的瑞银（UBS）财富管理国际总监里卡多·冈萨雷斯（Ricardo Gonzalez）表示。“经验丰富的私人银行家、投资专业人士、税务专家和律师的涌入，使得这里对家族办公室非常有吸引力。”
开发商一直在改变策略以吸引关注。一些新项目（包括 Well）专注于健康或艺术等独特标识。而有些建筑则是为多个家族办公室而创建的。
“它们都拥有像在纽约市中能发现的那种独特标识——SoHo区与中城区截然不同，”Blanca 公司的首席执行官特雷·布兰卡（Tere Blanca）说道，该公司在 Well 建筑的多次签约中代表房东和开发商。“每个人都会根据其品牌与该社区的契合度来决定什么才是合理的，”她补充道。
尽管势头强劲，但关注迈阿密房地产市场的人并不认为这座城市会成为下一个华尔街或硅谷。
“我不认为迈阿密能与纽约金融业竞争，我认为它们是互补的，”特里特先生（Mr. Tritt）说。“大多数居住在加利福尼亚州和纽约州且同时在佛罗里达州居住的家庭，我认为他们将会采取分治模式。”
至于迈阿密目前注入的财富，特里特先生表示：“财富吸引财富。”
在跨越六个十年的银行生涯中，70 岁的洛瓦格里奥先生（Mr. Lovaglio）表示，他从未见过像如今席卷该行业的兼并狂潮，也未见过 Intesa 竞购引发的如此反应。他列举了自己和董事会的反对意见：拟议的收购低估了 Monte dei Paschi 的价值，将破坏这家古老银行的分支机构网络，并会削弱贷款和保险领域的竞争。“你怎能开出这样一个方案，要拆分世界上最古老的银行，而且是一家正处于转型之中的银行？”洛瓦格里奥先生说，声音仅略微提高。他继续道：“我担心过度集中，以及这是否会阻碍中小企业的增长。”
Intesa 首席执行官卡洛·梅西纳（Carlo Messina）则持有不同看法。他在 6 月告诉投资者，此次收购将创造一个欧洲银行巨头，并将使客户和股东获益。他表示，Mediobanca 部门将把 Intesa 转型为“意大利的瑞银”，这里指的是这家瑞士巨头银行。洛瓦格里奥先生质疑梅西纳先生的推介。他和董事会尚未决定下一步行动，但他们已明确表示渴望探索另一种合并方案。直到周五晚上，Banco BPM 看起来像是 Monte dei Paschi 首选的匹配对象。即便他们能让交易谈判重回正轨，仍有另一个大玩家可能会要求参与决策。Banco BPM 最大的投资者是法国贷款机构农业信贷銀行（Crédit Agricole）。周五，农业信贷銀行首席财务官克洛蒂尔·朗热万（Clotilde L’Angevin）告诉彭博社，如果 Banco BPM 和 Monte dei Paschi 寻求合并，这家法国银行不会坐视不管。“我们不一定是决定性的一方，”她说，“但没有我们的参与，任何事情都无法达成。而没有任何事情可以在违背我们意愿的情况下达成。”洛瓦格里奥先生不会
透露该银行下一步行动的线索。但围绕该银行展开的这场戏剧让他更加坚信，“为了处于安全的位置，为了处于避风港，你必须规模更大，”他说道。随着下午时间的推移，洛瓦格利奥先生离开他的顾问们，出去透透气。他前往塞耶那的公共宫（Palazzo Pubblico），这座庄严的砖砌市政厅内保存着安布罗焦·洛伦泽蒂著名的14世纪壁画，描绘了良政与恶政的影响。在其中一面墙上，艺术家描绘了一个有序的世界，正义、节制、审慎、力量与和平的寓言形象在其中守护。而在其旁边则是一幅凄凉的景象。一个恶魔般的人物主宰着寓言中的反派，包括不和、战争、欺诈与愤怒。洛瓦格利奥先生说，每当看到洛伦泽蒂这种截然相反的世界观——阴郁与光明之对比时，他总会被深深触动。“我觉得这真的非常启发人心并激励我，”他盯着壁画，在思考下一步行动时说道。
作者：ANNA GRIFFIN
阿拉斯加州格德伍德 (GIRDWOOD, Alaska) —— 上个月一个寒冷、多风且潮湿的夏季夜晚，皮特·比奇 (Pete Beachy) 盯着双筒望远镜，咯咯地笑着，准备做一件连他自己都承认看起来非常、非常愚蠢的事情。“在那儿，”他低声说道，“那是波浪。”
比奇停在阿拉斯加州的塞沃多公路 (Seward Highway) 旁，他发现了第一抹泡沫绕过伯德角 (Bird Point) 延伸而来的迹象，那里位于安克雷奇 (Anchorage) 东南 30 英里处，正朝着一个被称为特纳根臂 (Turnagain Arm) 的入口进发。这道“波浪”其实是一种潮汐波 (tidal bore)，即来自太平洋的涨潮水流被强行推入库克湾 (Cook Inlet) 狭窄的臂部，与退潮流相撞而形成，每天出现两次。
由此产生的破碎波高度可达 10 英尺，速度在 10 到 15 英里每小时之间 —— 如果冲浪者足够强悍能忍受寒冷，且技巧足够高超能保持平衡，他们可以骑乘这段波浪行驶数英里。
阿拉斯加湾
50 英里
《纽约时报》 左图：冲浪者在特纳根臂等待潮汐波。右图：皮特·比奇在谈到这次体验时说：“伙计，这太神奇了。”
在安克雷奇以南的公路旁，咆哮着的挑战曾让库克船长 (Captain Cook) 铩羽而归，也可能让你丧命。
“前一刻，这里还静悄悄的，你看着群山、雄鹰和山羊；而下一刻，你会觉得整个海洋都从背后向你袭来，”比奇说。“伙计，这太神奇了。”
水文学家在全世界记录了 60 多个潮汐波，但只有大约十几个是可以冲浪的。特纳根臂的潮汐波是世界上最容易抵达的之一。这个秘密正逐渐传开，吸引着寻求世界上最不寻常骑乘体验的大波冲浪者，以及数量虽少但与日俱增、拥护这项本土极限运动的阿拉斯加人。附近的滑雪小镇格德伍德的旅游局在其网站上发布潮汐表，标出潜在大波出现概率最高的日期。
每一个新手的加入都增加了风险，也让人们担心当局会决定终结冲浪者的乐趣。
“尤其是有了 Instagram 和……”
PRESS ASSOCIATION，经由 ASSOCIATED PRESS
AMANDA PEDERSEN GISKE / NTB / AFP，经由 GETTY IMAGES
左图劳拉·麦卡利斯特 (Laura McAllister) 与利莎·克拉文内斯 (Lise Klaveness) 是欧足联 (UEFA) 领导层中仅有的两名女性，她们促使人们对国际足联 (FIFA) 主席吉安尼·因凡蒂诺 (Gianni Infantino) 提出谴责。
动摇“老男孩俱乐部”的女性
作者：MEGAN FERINGA 《The Athletic》
欧足联主席亚历山大·切费林 (Aleksander Ceferin) 首先发言。 危机时刻向来如此。 随后是自然顺序：财务主管兼副主席桑多尔·恰尼 (Sandor Csanyi)；英格兰足协首席执行官马克·布林厄姆 (Mark Bullingham)。欧洲足球男性高管们在视频屏幕上依次排开，准备拯救世界足球。
但随后，这次由欧洲足球管理机构欧足联召集的紧急会议出现了一个转折。此次会议是为了回应国际足联主席吉安尼·因凡蒂诺计划将主要足球赛事的股份出售给一个投资者群体的方案。
劳拉·麦卡利斯特，另一位副主席，也是该管理机构 21 人执行委员会中两名女性之一，接过了麦克风。她要求采取实质行动：全面抵制国际足联的赛事。
也许这对你来说意义不大 —— 在一场由 150 人参加、共同应对他们认为是对足球未来构成威胁的紧急电话会议中，由一名女性发出了号召。
也许这看起来完全正常。也许麦卡利斯特要求全面抵制这个拥有 122 年历史的全球足球管理机构，在此时此刻本就容易获得支持。
也许有人认为，由挪威足球协会主席利莎·克拉文内斯 —— 欧足联执行委员会中唯一另一名女性 —— 来规划如果国际足联需要领导层更迭应采取的更高治理标准路径，也仅仅是一个巧合。一个怪癖。
但坦率地说，这种想法很荒谬。
两名女性领导……
Megan Feringa 为《The Athletic》报道足球新闻。
作者：CJ MOORE 和 BRENDAN MARKS 《The Athletic》
男子大学篮球的国际球员市场已经爆发。在4月的四强赛（Final Four）中，所有四支球队的轮换阵容中都至少有一名国际球员，亚利桑那大学和伊利诺伊大学则有多名欧洲球员在首发阵容中。
对于这些海外球员的参赛资格，此前一直存在一种“以后再说”的氛围，而NCAA也没有采取任何措施来阻碍这种迁移。
这种情况在5月8日发生了改变。当时，NCAA发送了一份指南，重申此前领取过超过“实际且必要支出”报酬的运动员将失去参加大学篮球赛的资格。
这一强调针对的是年龄较大、成就更高的职业球员，例如23岁的控球后卫Quinn Ellis。他在过去一个赛季在EuroLeague（除NBA外全球顶级的职业联赛）中首发了30场比赛，并在今年春季与圣约翰大学签约。现在，许多在海外从事职业比赛的新进球员（尤其是那些领取薪水的球员）的身份变得不确定。有些人在前往美国之前正在等待NCAA的许可，这迫使他们错过了夏季训练。
随着学年的临近，教练们的语气发生了变化。在春末和初夏，大多数人似乎认为像Ellis这样的球员会获得许可，且NCAA会推迟到2027-28年才严格执行“实际且必要支出”的要求。毕竟，大多数球员在之前的执行标准下已经签约参加即将到来的赛季。
截至7月中旬，其中许多球员仍未获得许可。
那些年龄较大、成就更高的职业球员似乎成了目标，例如与圣约翰大学签约的23岁的Quinn Ellis。
大学篮球
……对于世界杯大甩卖的抵制，考虑到足球在历史上和系统性地将女性排除在外的程度。
然而，根据多位熟悉上周四紧急会议的知情人士（为保护关系而要求匿名）透露，除了Ceferin之外，没有谁比McAllister和Klaveness更强烈地呼吁采取突破性行动。
这一点至关重要。
从FIFA的提案以及随后与足球协会的僵持中可以汲取的教训中，有一个不会占据头条新闻的教训是：让女性进入决策岗位（特别是具有足球背景的女性）的重要性正日益增加。
McAllister和Klaveness不仅是极具影响力的行政管理人员。她们还是受人尊敬的前国家队球员（分别代表威尔士和挪威）。这种球员背景在她们于UEFA任职期间，在治理和领导力方面赢得尊重和权威时提供了帮助，尤其是在那些本应支撑这项运动的原则和伦理方面。
McAllister和Klaveness在代表国家出战时，她们的国家几乎没有代表她们。1992年，McAllister是游说威尔士足协承认女子国家队的三名女性之一。Klaveness的球员生涯持续了14年，期间入选国家队73次，并参加了2005年欧洲杯决赛。McAllister在球员生涯结束后追求学术和治理，而Klaveness学习了法律，这些追求是由热情和必要性驱动的，因为在当时，除了打球之外，足球领域没有其他可行的职业路径。
然而，最终两人都回到了这项运动中。到2022年3月，Klaveness被选为挪威足球协会主席，成为该协会120年历史上首位女性领导人。McAllister则是首位在UEFA执行委员会中赢得席位的威尔士人。
“现在充满了不确定性，尤其是目前这种情况，”大西洋沿岸会议的一位教练说道。与本报道中引用的其他教练一样，他要求匿名，以便能自由谈论招募策略，而无需担心受到 N.C.A.A. 的报复。“我知道很多教练和很多球队还没有他们的国际球员，而且不知道他们何时能到达——或者根本能否招到他们，对吧？”
一位要求匿名的 N.C.A.A. 消息人士告诉 The Athletic，延迟的原因之一是，处理参加秋季运动项目的国际运动员相关文件的紧迫性更高；女子足球和网球也拥有庞大的国际运动员群体。
N.C.A.A. 也不公开运动员何时获得资格审核通过。相反，这取决于学校自行宣布审核通过情况——而许多学校尚未这样做——这加剧了不确定性。
那些试图让球员获得审核通过，或招募可能处于资格边缘球员的教练们表示，
委员会在 2023 年，占据了该 21 人机构中唯一一个女性指定席位。两年后，McAllister 成功将欧足联执行委员会的女性指定席位数扩大到两个。Klaveness 获得了其中一个席位。
据多方消息人士透露，欧足联和国际足联内部的许多人起初认为 Klaveness 的对抗风格难以应对，这或许可以解释为什么当她在 2023 年竞选欧足联执行委员会的一个非女性指定席位时失败了。
Klaveness 公开挑战了世界杯东道主卡塔尔 (2022)、美国 (2026, 与墨西哥共同举办) 所引发的道德问题。
在领导欧足联（UEFA）对抗因凡蒂诺。
以及加拿大）和沙特阿拉伯（2034）。她呼吁对以色列——挪威在世界杯预选赛中与之对阵——展开调查，并表示她的足协不能对近期当地冲突中加沙地带的平民伤亡漠不关心。在 2026 年 4 月，她还呼吁废除因凡蒂诺授予特朗普总统的FIFA和平奖。
麦卡利斯特同样不避讳公开表达那些令人不快的话题，无论是捍卫卡塔尔的 L.G.B.T.Q. 权利，争取在整个欧足联中增加女性代表，还是揭露比赛中腐蚀性的伦理问题。
这些诉求不可避免地招来了敌人。但在过去两年中，随着足球运动在无尽的道德困境中挣扎，麦卡利斯特和克拉夫内斯已被公认为道德指南针。在
一些球队开始提前引进球员，正如杜克大学对待上述 17 岁球员 Joaquim Boumtje Boumtje 那样。顶部，冈萨格大学失去了 Mario Saint-Supery，他加盟了西班牙俱乐部瓦伦西亚。
阻碍源于运动员的收入水平。
多位教练和 N.C.A.A. 消息人士表示，球员在何处比赛会被纳入考虑。例如，在巴黎的球员所产生的“实际且必要费用”可能明显高于在某个较小且生活成本较低的城市比赛的球员。
“他们对此的审查程度达到了去年从未出现过的水平，”一名 Big 12 联盟的主教练说道。
这种不确定性已经在重塑各项目组接触海外招募的方式。在一年一度的 Peach Jam（耐克精英青少年篮球联赛的一部分）对 25 位高水平主教练进行的一项民意调查中，大多数人表示，他们未来的工作重点将放在年龄更小、处于高中阶段的海外运动员身上。
“这么多年长的国际——
MARTIN MEISSNER / ASSOCIATED PRESS
在欧足联宣布抵制后的余波中，值得注意的是，她们是与新闻媒体接触的主要人物，公开批评 FIFA 实施“经济勒索”。
从某种意义上说，麦卡利斯特和克拉夫内斯既拥有一切，又完全一无所有。从未被邀请进入那个“老男孩俱乐部”的奢侈之处在于，你不需要被迫遵守其潜规则、默契协议或静默政治。
因此，在足球被一个人的贪婪死死卡住的时刻，当欧足联和 FIFA 内部许多人都不知道谁知晓该主计划时，除了那些一直走在显眼前线的人，还能信任谁？
这对足球治理中女性的未来意味着什么仍有待观察。当《The Athletic》提出克拉夫内斯或麦卡利斯特两人中可能有一人被推荐担任更高领导职务的想法时，一位接近这两位女性的消息人士给出了坦率的回答：“足球还没准备好迎接这一点。”
但欧足联和 FIFA 内部的许多人希望，最新的这一集能够再次证明，在足球最权力的走廊中，让有能力的女性担任决策职位具有至关重要的价值。
在 FIFA 的 211 个成员协会中，仅有 10 个由女性主席领导。在欧足联 21 人的执行委员会中，仅有两个名额指定给女性。
麦卡利斯特和克拉夫内斯将是第一批承认有意义的改变是一个缓慢过程，是一次耐心与坚毅之举的人。
但有时，这也意味着要勇敢地将头伸出掩体之外。
出于必要。出于职责。出于一种与她们之前许多足球界女性共有的认知——即这是正确的事，而非容易的事。
YAGIZ GURTUG / NURPHOTO, VIA A.P.
将留任美国队主教练
作者：HENRY BUSHNELL 《The Athletic》
美国足球协会周一宣布，毛里西奥·波切蒂诺在与美国足协达成新合同协议后，将回归担任美国国家男子足球队主教练。该协议有效期至 2030 年世界杯。波切蒂诺与美国足协的首份合同在 2026 年世界杯后到期。足协在新闻稿中表示，除了带领美国男足进入另一个世界杯周期外，他及其团队还将“在整个国家队路径、青少年足球、教练教育、职业联赛协作以及足球社区内其他技术方面的广泛发展上，为美国足协提供建议和支持”。波切蒂诺在周一面对一小组美国记者时，对 2030 年周期的新开始表示期待，并在将今夏世界杯的球员名单精简至 26 人后，向所有人重新敞开了大门。他的下一次集训将在 9 月至 10 月的国际比赛日期间进行，为期两周，包含四场友谊赛，具体细节尚未公布。“现在是一个全新的开始，”他说道，“这是一个更新心态、更新文化和哲学，并开始创造美国足球、美国国家男子足球队新时代的良好时机，我认为只要表现出色，每位球员都有机会加入我们。”
这一消息传出不久前，波切蒂诺带领美国队在世界杯上的一路冲刺曾席卷全国，但最终却以失望告终。这映射出他执教 22 个月期间的情况——波动较大且难以评估。他在 31 场比赛中取得了 17 胜 12 平 2 负的战绩（其中一次平局在中北美及加勒比海金杯赛中通过点球大战获胜），包括在世界杯上 3 胜 2 平 0 负的战绩，以及对阵墨西哥队 0 胜 2 平 0 负的记录。在 2024 年秋季接任并于 2025 年全年主导重建后，波切蒂诺似乎让球队在那个特别的夏天走上了正轨。甚至在他带领美国队提前一场比赛在世界杯小组赛中夺魁之前，他就收到了续约邀请。然而，在最关键的一场比赛——16 强赛与比利时的对决中，他的球队失利了。球队以 4-1 惨败，遭遇了该计划 36 年来在世界杯上的最惨痛失败。在美国足协表达意向的同时，波切蒂诺对自己的多种选择保持开放态度。他暗示过
Henry Bushnell 是《The Athletic》的资深撰稿人，负责报道足球。
U.C.L.A. 的尼古拉·库斯图里卡 (Nikola Kusturica)，17 岁，预计最早在 2028. 年 N.B.A. 选秀中成为乐透秀，布姆杰·布姆杰 (Boumtje Boumtje) 同样如此。
“国际球员已经被挖掘完了，”一名 A.C.C. 助理教练说道，“还没过来的球员已经没剩多少了。所以我认为资格问题会越来越少，因为球员将更多地是 18 岁。”
新的趋势是将球员提前招募过来，正如杜克大学招募若阿金·布姆杰·布姆杰 (Joaquim Boumtje Boumtje) 以及 U.C.L.A. 招募尼古拉·库斯图里卡 (Nikola Kusturica) 那样。两人均为 17 岁，由于在 2028 年之前不具备 N.B.A. 选秀资格，他们可能会至少打两年的大学篮球。两人都被预计将成为乐透秀。
由于国际俱乐部很少给年轻球员开出高薪，这些更年轻的球员往往较少受到 N.C.A.A. 的审查。N.C.A.A. 新的基于年龄的资格模型——从学生运动员年满 19 岁或高中毕业后的次年开始计算时间——也激励了提前招募这些球员。
“我认为人们终将意识到职业运动员在合同中呈现的样子，”一名 Big Ten 教练说道，“而我们都将把 1. ”
他此前一直对最终回归欧洲俱乐部足球感兴趣，那是他执教生涯的前二十年所在的地方。但过去几周，他选择继续留任美国队。
他与美国足球协会（U.S. Soccer）签署的协议条款——特别是关于买断或提前终止的表述——并未公开。
人们一直认为，留住波切蒂诺需要提供与美国足球协会在过去 22 个月内支付给他的薪水相当或更丰厚的待遇。根据美国足球协会的税务申报文件，波切蒂诺每年获得数百万美元薪酬，其中包括 $2.5 million 签约奖金。
毛里西奥·波切蒂诺的新合同有效期至 2030。
协会表示，这是一笔创纪录的支出，且“在很大程度上得到了亿万富翁肯·格里芬（Ken Griffin）的一项慈善领导捐赠的支持”。协会补充说，“额外的支持”由 Diameter Capital 的共同创始人斯科特·古德温（Scott Good-win）以及“数家商业合作伙伴”提供。
在向 2030, 推进的过程中，波切蒂诺在迎接下一场重大赛事前将至少有两年的时间，如果美国受邀参加或举办 2028 年美洲杯（Copa América），那将是他的下一场重大赛事。其余的竞技比赛将在中北美及加勒比海地区足球协会（Concacaf）内部进行，包括两届金杯赛、两届国家联赛以及世界杯预选赛。
波切蒂诺将成为 21 世纪第五位有机会带领美国男足经历第二个世界杯周期的教练。在之前的四位教练中，有三位——鲍比·布拉德利（Bob Bradley）、尤尔根·克林斯曼（Jürgen Klinsmann）和格雷格·贝尔哈特（Gregg Berhalter）——在第二个周期的中途被解雇。第四位布鲁斯·阿雷纳（Bruce Arena）进入了 2006 年世界杯，但他的球队在小组赛中未获一胜便被淘汰。
他们在国际上的地位相同。而且年龄限制会有所帮助。”由于“付费参赛”（pay-for-play）模式，海外经纪人已经开始提前将他们最顶尖的潜力球员送往美国。然而，海外市场可能也在进行调整。冈萨格大学（Gonzaga）的控球后卫马里奥·圣-苏佩里（Mario Saint-Supery）最近签署了一份据信为数百万美元、为期四年的合同，加盟西班牙瓦伦西亚俱乐部。几位教练认为这更像是一个孤立的例子，而非可能的趋势，但在接下来的几个周期中，这仍是需要监测的一点。冈萨格大学是曾经主导国际招募的少数几个项目之一，但近年来市场竞争变得更加激烈，进入管道的球员池也更大。虽然大多数教练认为美国拥有更多人才，但有几位教练表示，在接下来的几个级别中，欧洲顶级球员的质量与美国相当。
“欧洲有一些顶尖球员，我认为我们所有人都将为了争夺他们而展开激战，”一位 A.C.C. 助理教练说。这些顶级潜力球员可能会要求与这里顶尖潜力球员相似的价格，但一位教练表示，他开始在与海外经纪人打交道时遇到一个问题，即对方对市场的误解。
“我认为欧洲篮球界的经纪人可能会感到困惑的一点是：‘等等，我的 18 岁球员还没有准备好在 24 岁以下联赛中竞争吗？’”第一位 A.C.C. 助理教练说。“他们不太明白，我们现在不会给你的 18 岁球员付钱或让他上场，这不是因为我们不认为他优秀——而仅仅是因为他还没准备好。”这些经纪人可能仍然会将他们的球员送往大学，即使获得的报酬低于其年长客户，因为这仍然高于海外俱乐部所能负担的价格。
纽约
作者：DEVON HENDERSON The Athletic
明尼苏达山 Lynx 队的教练谢丽尔·里夫（Cheryl Reeve）在周末就目前涉及索菲·坎宁安（Sophie Cunningham）的争议发表了广泛看法。坎宁安是印第安纳狂热队的一名后卫，她最近表示，将跨性别运动员排除在女子体育之外是“常识”。
在周日于明尼阿波利斯举行的比赛中，她的球队以 108-100 击败了狂热队。由于预见到在塔格特中心（Target Center）周围及内部将再次出现支持坎宁安的集会，里夫在周六维护了示威者集会的权利，同时也宣布在关于跨性别者参与女子体育的辩论中需要寻找共识。
“我不认为我们应该觉得我们的安全空间受到了威胁，”里夫在谈到示威者时说。“这就是我热爱 W.N.B.A. 的地方。我认为我们必须继续守护这一点。我不认为这些示威……”
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Devon Henderson 是 The Athletic 的工作人员。
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温哥华 (Vancouver) 80s 80s 8 80° 80°
西雅图 (Seattle) 斯波坎 (Spokane) 90s 90s 0s 90° 90°
波特兰 (Portland) 尤金 (Eugene) 博伊西 (Boise) 10 + 1
雷诺 (Reno) 盐湖城 (Salt Lake City)
旧金山 (San Francisco) 60 60s 60° 60° 60s
拉斯维加斯 (Las Vegas) 弗雷斯诺 (Fresno)
0+ 0 洛杉矶 (Los Angeles) 凤凰城 (Phoenix) 圣迭戈 (San Diego) 0s 图森 (Tucson) 檀香山 (Honolulu) 希洛 (Hilo) 50s 50s 40s 40s 费尔班克斯 (Fairbanks) 安克雷奇 (Anchorage) 朱诺 (Juneau)
在今天短暂地恢复干燥且低湿度的空气后，随着另一波水汽从东南部各州北上，湿度将从周四开始再次增加。这将导致阵雨和雷暴在整个周末期间增加，尤其是在东北部内陆地区。本周晚些时候，沿海地区的阵雨可能会较为分散，同时伴有阳光。
今天 .........................................局部晴天 最高气温 84。干燥天气将回归，天空局部晴朗，空气湿度降低。早晨风向为东北风，风速 3-6 英里 / 小时，下午转为东-东南风。
今天
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城市 截至昨日东部时间下午 4 点的 16 小时内最高 / 最低气温，以及截至昨日下午 4 点的 16 小时内降水量（以英寸计）。 今天和明天的预期天气情况。
温度
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昨日................................................................... 10 本月至今........................................................ 38 本季至今（自 1 月 1 日起） ........................ 798 本季截至目前的正常值 ................................. 738
S .............................太阳 Sn ....................... 降雪 SS .......... 阵雪 T............ 雷暴 Tr ......................... 痕量 W ........................ 大风 –............... 不可用 休闲天气预报
C ........................ 云 F............................. 雾 H .......................... 霾 I............................... 冰 PC ............. 局部多云 R ........................... 雨 Sh ................... 阵雨
纽约市地区 昨日 今天 明天 84 / 72 PC 83 / 72 T 布里奇波特 (Bridgeport) 78 / 74 0.97 83 / 67 PC 82 / 73 T 考德威尔 (Caldwell) 77 / 73 1.84 86 / 66 PC 84 / 73 T 丹伯里 (Danbury) 77 / 73 1.73 84 / 60 PC 84 / 71 PC 伊斯利普 (Islip) 78 / 75 1.91 84 / 66 PC 82 / 74 T 纽瓦克 (Newark) 78 / 73 2.31 87 / 71 PC 85 / 75 T 特伦顿 (Trenton) 80 / 72 2.19 85 / 64 PC 82 / 72 T 怀特平原 (White Plains) 76 / 72 0.79 83 / 64 PC 82 / 72 T
纽约市 76 / 73 73 1.67
美国 昨日 明天
法戈 (Fargo)
奥尔巴尼 (Albany)
底特律 (Detroit)
芝加哥 (Chicago)
丹佛 (Denver)
夏洛特 (Charlotte)
亚特兰大 (Atlanta)
达拉斯 (Dallas)
杰克逊 (Jackson) 奥尔巴尼 (Albany) 82 / 60 0.10 84 / 63 S 86 / 67 PC 阿尔伯克基 (Albuquerque) 102 / 74 0.04 100 / 72 T 100 / 72 PC 安克雷奇 (Anchorage) 62 / 55 0.07 63 / 57 C 66 / 55 C 亚特兰大 (Atlanta) 85 / 72 0.06 85 / 72 T 86 / 73 T 大西洋城 (Atlantic City) 81 / 68 0.56 81 / 71 T 80 / 75 T 奥斯汀 (Austin) 101 / 74 0 99 / 77 S 101 / 77 S 巴尔的摩 (Baltimore) 86 / 68 0.04 85 / 72 T 83 / 72 T 巴吞鲁日 (Baton Rouge) 92 / 72 0 94 / 75 T 94 / 73 T 伯明翰 (Birmingham) 85 / 69 0.07 87 / 71 T 88 / 73 S 博伊西 (Boise) 84 / 54 0 89 / 61 PC 97 / 64 PC 波士顿 (Boston) 78 / 67 0.72 86 / 67 PC 83 / 70 PC 布法罗 (Buffalo) 79 / 56 0.02 82 / 62 S 86 / 68 PC 伯灵顿 (Burlington) 82 / 62 0.45 88 / 62 S 88 / 69 PC 卡斯珀 (Casper) 81 / 49 0 81 / 46 PC 89 / 49 S 夏洛特 (Charlotte) 89 / 72 0.30 81 / 72 T 86 / 71 T 查塔努加 (Chattanooga) 84 / 71 0.03 86 / 70 T 86 / 71 T 芝加哥 (Chicago) 83 / 65 0 84 / 70 S 81 / 68 T 辛辛那提 (Cincinnati) 81 / 61 0 85 / 68 PC 86 / 69 C 克利夫兰 (Cleveland) 77 / 52 0 81 / 62 S 85 / 69 T 科罗拉多斯普林斯 (Colorado Springs) 99 / 58 0.04 80 / 54 T 86 / 56 PC 哥伦布 (Columbus) 83 / 59 0 87 / 67 S 88 / 69 T 康科德, 新罕布什尔州 (Concord, N.H.) 81 / 59 0.45 88 / 55 S 88 / 63 PC 达拉斯-沃思堡 (Dallas-Ft. Worth) 101 / 80 0 102 / 81 S 102 / 80 S 丹佛 (Denver) 102 / 56 0.04 78 / 56 T 85 / 60 S 德梅因 (Des Moines) 87 / 67 0 79 / 62 T 70 / 56 T 底特律 (Detroit) 83 / 61 0 83 / 61 S 86 / 66 PC 埃尔帕索 (El Paso) 102 / 78 0.10 104 / 78 T 102 / 79 PC 法戈 (Fargo) 84 / 53 0.18 74 / 51 PC 83 / 59 PC 哈特福德 (Hartford) 79 / 60 0.60 86 / 62 PC 86 / 68 C 檀香山 (Honolulu) 88 / 76 0.09 88 / 76 Sh 88 / 77 Sh 休斯敦 (Houston) 99 / 79 0 98 / 79 S 97 / 76 S 印第安纳波利斯 (Indianapolis) 83 / 63 0 85 / 64 S 84 / 68 S 杰克逊 (Jackson) 90 / 69 0 93 / 69 PC 97 / 72 S 杰克逊维尔 (Jacksonville) 85 / 74 0.30 92 / 74 T 91 / 75 T 堪萨斯城 (Kansas City) 89 / 67 0 90 / 69 S 81 / 63 T 基韦斯特 (Key West) 91 / 82 0 90 / 83 T 90 / 83 T 拉斯维加斯 (Las Vegas) 115 / 88 0 114 / 87 S 112 / 89 S 列克星敦 (Lexington) 83 / 63 0 88 / 68 PC 88 / 69 T
“抗议者们并没有保持和平，或者说，至少在我看到的范围内不是这样的。” 她补充道，“我还没有听到所有发生的事情，但每个人都有和平集会的权利，对吧？”
作为目前 25-6 的联盟领头羊，Lynx 队在准备迎接 Fever 队的比赛之际，里夫（Reeve）在周六训练后的谈话重点集中在坎宁安（Cunningham）身上，以及上周在西雅图和波特兰的 Fever 队比赛场外支持她的集会。
这些集会是由坎宁安在最近发表的一篇 ESPN 个人简介中的言论引发的。她在文中表示，她希望保护“那些不应该与生物学男性竞争的运动领域年轻女孩”。
里夫对这些言论中关于“生物学男性”的部分表示反对，但也没有完全否定坎宁安的观点。
“我们有一些问题，”她补充道。“第一，我们需要保护跨性别儿童。每一个孩子——对我来说，这是一个人权问题。无论性别多样性如何或是否为跨性别，每个孩子都有参加体育运动的权利。” “现在，情况变得复杂的是——”
温尼伯 雷吉纳 海伦娜 俾斯麦 比林斯 60s 60s
明尼阿波利斯 圣保罗 圣保罗 S 皮埃尔 苏福尔斯 ou sper Caspe spe
德梅因 M 奥马哈
yenne Cheye ye
托皮卡 ka ka
olorado Col
prings Spr pr
威奇托 chita chita
Fe 圣安东尼奥
俄克拉荷马市
e buquer Albuquerque buquerq A e
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0
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拉伯克 b
埃尔帕索 沃思堡
圣安东尼奥
科 퍼斯克里斯蒂 C
蒙特雷 Monterrey Monterr y nter nter
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锋面 气压
金斯顿
阵雨 & 雷阵雨
布法罗 奥尔巴尼
匹兹堡 克利夫兰
里士满 查尔斯顿
湿润空气回归
路易斯维尔
纳什维尔
迈阿密
罗利
小石城 92 / 70 0 94 / 72 S 99 / 75 S 洛杉矶 89 / 68 0 88 / 67 S 85 / 68 S 路易斯维尔 83 / 66 0 88 / 71 PC 90 / 71 PC 孟菲斯 88 / 71 0 90 / 71 S 92 / 74 S 迈阿密 91 / 79 0.85 91 / 79 T 91 / 79 T 密尔沃基 78 / 64 0 83 / 69 S 76 / 64 T 明尼阿波利斯-圣保罗 87 / 65 0 78 / 59 T 82 / 62 PC 纳什维尔 86 / 67 0.04 88 / 71 PC 90 / 71 T 新奥尔良 91 / 76 0 93 / 78 T 93 / 78 T 诺福克 88 / 75 0.37 82 / 75 T 87 / 75 T 俄克拉荷马市 99 / 71 0 103 / 74 S 102 / 73 S 奥马哈 91 / 69 0 77 / 61 T 73 / 56 T 奥兰多 89 / 76 0.22 90 / 75 T 90 / 74 T 费城 86 / 69 0.66 85 / 75 T 凤凰城 115 / 92 0.01 111 / 91 PC 109 / 91 PC 匹兹堡 80 / 56 0 85 / 68 PC 87 / 70 T 波特兰（缅因州） 73 / 61 0.65 87 / 59 S 82 / 63 PC 波特兰（俄勒冈州） 89 / 59 0 98 / 63 PC 102 / 65 PC 普罗维登斯 78 / 63 2.70 86 / 63 PC 84 / 70 PC 罗利 89 / 74 0.30 80 / 73 T 89 / 74 T 里诺 95 / 62 0 100 / 66 S 103 / 67 S 里士满 86 / 72 0.30 82 / 73 T 87 / 72 T 罗切斯特 77 / 54 0.18 82 / 61 S 86 / 67 PC 萨克拉门托 105 / 62 0 101 / 60 S 99 / 59 S 盐湖城 91 / 66 0 92 / 64 PC 95 / 68 PC 99 / 78 0 99 / 79 S 99 / 79 S 圣迭戈 79 / 70 0 78 / 70 PC 78 / 69 PC 旧金山 79 / 58 0 74 / 59 S 73 / 58 S 圣何塞 90 / 61 0 85 / 60 S 85 / 61 S 圣胡安 90 / 80 0 91 / 78 T 91 / 78 Sh 西雅图 77 / 60 0 87 / 61 PC 90 / 61 PC 苏福尔斯 89 / 57 Tr 72 / 51 T 80 / 58 PC 斯波坎 78 / 54 0 84 / 58 PC 90 / 61 PC 圣路易斯 84 / 67 0 90 / 71 S 92 / 73 PC 圣托马斯 90 / 81 0.04 91 / 81 T 91 / 81 PC 锡拉丘兹 77 / 59 0.09 85 / 62 S 89 / 69 PC 坦帕 86 / 79 1.42 87 / 78 T 91 / 78 T 托莱多 83 / 56 0 85 / 58 S 88 / 66 PC 图森 106 / 82 0.14 103 / 81 T 100 / 81 PC 塔尔萨 96 / 73 0 101 / 78 S 102 / 75 S 弗吉尼亚海滩 86 / 75 0.54 81 / 75 T 83 / 77 T 华盛顿 88 / 71 0.29 86 / 74 T 85 / 75 T 威奇托 97 / 71 0 98 / 72 PC 94 / 68 T 威尔明顿（特拉华州） 85 / 66 0.93 87 / 69 PC 81 / 73 T
非洲 Af A 昨天 Ye Y 今天 明天 To T
阿尔及尔 100 / 72 0 95 / 72 S 91 / 72 S 开罗 100 / 77 0 97 / 76 PC 97 / 75 PC 开普敦 73 / 51 0 70 / 51 PC 64 / 54 W 达喀尔 88 / 81 0 90 / 81 S 90 / 78 Sh 约翰内斯堡 64 / 36 0 68 / 40 PC 69 / 41 S 内罗毕 76 / 54 0 72 / 56 C 77 / 57 PC 突尼斯 104 / 77 0 105 / 81 S 97 / 79 S
当你过了青春期， 当你参加奥运体育赛事， 当涉及奖学金之类的问题时。在这种情况下，我认为理智的人们应该聚集在一起，寻找共识，以找到一种包容的方式。答案不是“不”。 事实并非像现在被描述的那样，是“生物学上的男性进入女孩的更衣室”，这种说法潜含着跨性别女性是捕食者的暗示。” 她补充道：“有很多有问题的叙事需要我们去应对。事实根本不是那样。” 里夫（Reeve）在明尼苏达州执教 17 年，曾四次获得 W.N.B.A. 冠军，她认为 W.N.B.A. 的领导层有责任确保联盟在日益激烈的分歧讨论中，既保持一个包容的空间，又维持安全性。 “我很确定他们正密切关注，以确保这里对每个人来说都是一个安全空间，”里夫说。“这就是我们联盟的美妙之处。” 在坎宁安（Cunningham）发表评论之后，集会活动在示威者之间造成了紧张局势——
AccuWeather 气象服务
蒙特利尔
60s 0s 60s 60
渥太华 wa
多伦多
哈特福德 Har a 布法罗
ee 密尔沃基
克利夫兰 匹兹堡
印第安纳波利斯 a
堪萨斯 市 市
春田市 e
查尔斯顿 esto esto 查尔斯顿
路易斯 圣路易斯 路易斯 uis
小岩城 孟菲斯 M
哥伦比亚 Columb
伯明翰 B m
杰克逊维尔 J
莫比尔 Mo 新 新 奥尔良
巴吞鲁日 o
奥兰多 Or O 坦帕
休斯顿 Hou
天气模式显示为今日东部时间正午的预期情况。
一个高压区域今天将向东移动，从新英格兰到俄亥俄河谷将出现干燥晴朗的天气。在南部，雷阵雨将使东南部各州湿透。最强烈的风暴将在下午发生，并可能导致洪涝，特别是在低洼和排水不良地区。在其他地方，一批移动缓慢的风暴将使明尼苏达州、爱荷华州和南达科他州的部分地区湿透。 除西南沙漠地区出现零星风暴外，全国其余地区将保持干燥。 热浪将在落基山脉以西扩张，气温将比 30 年平均值高出 5-15 度。 冷空气将向中西部和东北部推进。从德克萨斯州到密苏里州将干燥但潮湿，且较为温暖。
新德里 94 / 82 0.62 86 / 77 T 89 / 79 R 利雅得 114 / 85 0 113 / 90 PC 113 / 89 PC 首尔 97 / 77 0 99 / 82 T 98 / 81 PC 上海 101 / 82 0 94 / 83 T 93 / 82 Sh 新加坡 91 / 81 0.02 91 / 80 T 92 / 80 T 悉尼 73 / 48 0.02 67 / 45 S 66 / 44 S 台北市 95 / 81 0.05 97 / 78 PC 96 / 79 T 德黑兰 93 / 77 0 97 / 79 PC 99 / 79 PC 东京 81 / 75 0.07 83 / 75 PC 87 / 78 T
欧洲 昨日 Ye Y 今日 明日 To T
阿姆斯特丹 88 / 64 0 89 / 68 S 77 / 62 S 雅典 95 / 78 0 95 / 76 S 96 / 79 S 柏林 86 / 57 0 91 / 70 Sh 89 / 68 T 布鲁塞尔 91 / 63 0 86 / 65 Sh 80 / 57 Sh 布达佩斯 100 / 73 0 103 / 67 PC 105 / 69 PC 哥本哈根 73 / 55 0 74 / 64 PC 81 / 61 Sh 都柏林 72 / 57 0 75 / 54 Sh 64 / 49 W 爱丁堡 63 / 54 0.06 68 / 58 R 67 / 53 Sh 法兰克福 97 / 70 0 97 / 69 PC 92 / 66 S 日内瓦 91 / 70 0.02 89 / 65 T 91 / 64 T 赫尔辛基 68 / 57 0 70 / 50 Sh 67 / 61 Sh 伊斯坦布尔 90 / 75 0 91 / 73 S 90 / 73 S 基辅 91 / 66 0 93 / 70 S 96 / 74 S 里斯本 79 / 68 0.25 83 / 68 PC 83 / 66 S 伦敦 90 / 63 0 85 / 63 PC 79 / 55 S 马德里 91 / 73 0 94 / 67 S 98 / 70 S 莫斯科 75 / 61 0.02 78 / 61 PC 82 / 62 PC 尼斯 88 / 81 0 87 / 75 PC 89 / 77 S 奥斯陆 70 / 45 0 71 / 55 C 68 / 59 C 巴黎 97 / 70 0 89 / 66 PC 86 / 60 S 布拉格 90 / 61 0 96 / 68 T 92 / 68 T 罗马 91 / 75 0 93 / 72 S 92 / 71 PC 圣彼得堡 70 / 58 0 70 / 59 PC 75 / 65 PC 斯德哥尔摩 68 / 54 0 72 / 57 PC 70 / 61 R 维也纳 100 / 66 0 103 / 74 S 102 / 75 S 华沙 84 / 66 0 90 / 68 T 103 / 69 T
北美 昨日 Ye Y 今日 To T 明日
拿骚
阿卡普尔科 83 / 76 0.12 93 / 78 C 94 / 79 T 百慕大 86 / 77 0.03 87 / 79 S 88 / 79 S 埃德蒙顿 58 / 46 Tr 75 / 51 PC 74 / 48 PC 瓜达拉哈拉 76 / 59 0.04 86 / 61 T 85 / 63 T 哈瓦那 91 / 75 0 91 / 73 R 91 / 74 R 金斯顿 91 / 81 0 93 / 81 W 93 / 80 PC 马提尼克 90 / 81 0 91 / 77 T 92 / 78 T 墨西哥城 74 / 57 0 79 / 57 R 78 / 58 R 蒙特雷 83 / 70 0 94 / 70 T 94 / 70 T 蒙特利尔 73 / 70 0.73 84 / 62 S 84 / 68 C 拿骚 90 / 79 0.12 90 / 81 T 90 / 80 T 巴拿马城 88 / 78 0 89 / 76 R 87 / 75 R 魁北克市 73 / 68 0.42 83 / 60 S 84 / 61 S 圣多明哥 91 / 74 0 93 / 75 S 89 / 74 R 多伦多 78 / 63 0.16 81 / 61 S 83 / 65 PC 温哥华 65 / 54 0 77 / 59 S 77 / 59 S 温尼伯 72 / 54 0.01 70 / 51 PC 77 / 54 PC
联盟各地的支持者和数字。西雅图风暴队老板 Celeste Keaton 被 W.N.B.A. 禁赛五场主场比赛并处以金额不公开的罚款，原因是两名身穿印有 XX 和 XY 染色体 T 恤的 teenage girls 表示 Keaton 辱骂了她们。风暴队随后在声明中道歉，其中提到“每一位观看风暴队比赛的人都应该感到受欢迎”。 周六，Reeve 表示，她在多年前就敦促联盟领导层主动确立在女性体育中关于跨性别参与的立场，而不是在成为全国性讨论后才做出反应。 “我鼓励 W.N.B.A. 领导层：我们的立场是什么？当这种情况发生时我们将怎么做？我们会做好准备吗？我们会处于被动反应的状态吗？”Reeve 说道。“因此我认为我们的联盟在这一领域成为领导者是有意义的。我选择让自己了解这个领域。我选择倾听跨性别家庭的声音，而我所知道的是，排斥并不是答案。”
c 魁北克
哈利法克斯 H
70s 70s 0s 0s
波特兰 Por
伯灵顿 n n 曼彻斯特 Ma M
波士顿 Bos
纽约 N
费城 Phi
华盛顿 Washi ashi
chmond Richm
Norfolk N
gh igh Raleigh igh7
里夫还表示，她希望将更多注意力转移到她认为影响更多人的问题上。 在谈到跨性别者参与的问题时，她说：“这个问题不像我们在女性体育运动中所面临的问题那样大。无论是多年来在能够使用设施等空间中压制我们的顺性别男性……”
今晚 ....................................局部多云 最低气温 72。高压将继续控制东北地区的天气，使干燥条件持续，天空局部多云。风力轻微且风向多变。
明天 .............局部雷阵雨 最高气温 83。云隙见日，下午局部地区将出现雷阵雨。风力继续轻微，风向东南，风速 3-6 英里 / 小时。气温接近平均水平。
周四 ...................零星雷阵雨 最高气温 88。阳光偶尔被云层遮挡，一两个地点将出现雷阵雨。空气湿度将比近几日高得多。
周五 周六 .......................周五局部晴 周五局部晴，下午有几次阵雨和一场雷阵雨。 最高气温 89。周六天空大部分多云，下午有零星雷阵雨。最高气温 88。
在中央公园，截至昨日下午 1 点的 13 小时内。
下午 1 点
下午 1 点
周日 昨日
午夜 76°
下午 6 点
凌晨 12 点
本月日平均偏差 本月 ............. +0.1° 今年.................. -0.2°
水库水位 （纽约市供水系统）
昨日 ............... 91% 预估正常值 ............. 90%
太阳、月亮与行星
月亮
下弦月 新月 上弦月 满月
8月 5日 8月 12日 8月 19日 8月 28日
下午 1:36
凌晨 12:18
上午 6 点
升起 上午 5:55 落下 晚上 8:08 下次升起 上午 5:56
木星
升 上午 5:33 落 晚上 7:56
土星
落 上午 11:17 升 晚上 10:47
航海
从蒙托克角到新泽西州桑迪胡克，延伸至 20 海里，包括长岛海峡和纽约港。 风向北风 5-10 节，下午转为东南风。纽约港和长岛海峡波高 1 英尺或更低，公海波高 4-6 英尺。
高潮位
大西洋城 .................. 下午 12:04 ......................... --- 巴内加特入口 ............... 下午 12:21 ......................... --- 巴特里 .................. 凌晨 12:14 ............ 下午 12:50 海文海滩 .................. 凌晨 1:12 .............. 下午 1:46 布里奇波特 ...................... 凌晨 3:37 .............. 下午 3:59 城市岛 ....................... 凌晨 3:21 .............. 下午 3:44 火岛灯塔 ................ 凌晨 12:40 .............. 下午 1:14 蒙托克角 ................ 凌晨 1:17 .............. 下午 1:56 北港 ....................... 凌晨 3:43 .............. 下午 4:07 华盛顿港 ............. 凌晨 3:30 .............. 下午 3:55 桑迪胡克 .................. 下午 12:28 ......................... --- 希内科克入口 ........... 下午 12:22 ......................... --- 斯坦福 ........................ 凌晨 3:38 .............. 下午 4:02 塔里敦 ....................... 凌晨 2:03 .............. 下午 2:39 威利茨角 .................... 凌晨 3:23 .............. 下午 3:44
以及制服和更衣室， 所有那些坐在比赛现场、 拿着反跨性别标牌的年轻 女孩，她们真的理解实际 的问题是什么，以及她们 是如何被边缘化的吗？ “我们仍未处于一个拥有 平等的空间。我们甚至在 全部 50 个州中都没有 通过《平等权利修正案》， 对吧？”
T F S S M T
最高 最高 实际 预测 范围
最低 最低
昨日 ............... 1.67 记录 .................... 2.44
纪录 最高 97° (2005)
过去 30 天 实际 ..................... 6.32 正常 .................... 4.56
过去 365 天 实际 ................... 38.97 正常 ................... 49.52
最高 85° 正常
过去 30 天 气压
高 ........... 29.81 凌晨 1 点 低 ............ 29.75 凌晨 5 点
最低 70° 正常
73° 上午 6 点
制冷度日数
一项追踪当日平均温度高于 65 度多少的燃料消耗指标
(1927) 最低 55° 纪录
趋势 温度 降水 平均 平均 低于 低于 高于 高于
过去 10 天 30 天 90 天 365 天
图表显示近期温度和降水趋势与过去 30 年的对比情况。
海滩与海洋温度
今日预报
85 / 59 晴朗且温暖 肯尼邦克波特
下午 12:12 晚上 10:51 下午 1:24
83 / 63 局部晴 鳕鱼角
火星
凌晨 2:12 下午 5:15
85 / 67 晴雨交替 长岛北岸
金星
上午 9:50 晚上 9:59
83 / 72 局部晴 长岛南岸
81 / 71 附近有雷阵雨 新泽西海岸
85 / 72 下午有雷阵雨 东岸
79 / 73 下午有雷阵雨 马里兰州海洋城
81 / 75 强雷阵雨 弗吉尼亚海滩
ABBIE PARR / ASSOCIATED PRESS
最高温
W T F S
最高温
最低温
最低温
高 ........... 100% 凌晨 1 点 低 .............. 96% 凌晨 3 点
色带 表示水温。
作者：JOSH KENDALL The Athletic
佐治亚州，弗劳里分支 —— 凯文·斯特凡斯基（Kevin Stefanski）进入训练营时，面临着职业足球领域最艰巨的任务之一：终止NFL中第二长的现役连续赛季失利纪录，并带领亚特兰大猎鹰队重返季后赛。这一挑战发生在他开始在明尼苏达维京人队职业生涯二十年后，而当时他承担的是足球界最微不足道的工作。“你知道图腾柱吗？我就在图腾柱的最底下，”斯特凡斯基说。“我在图腾柱上根本不可见。”斯特凡斯基曾在更衣室的冷却箱里摆放佳得乐——他记得标签必须面向外。他负责给球员递交罚单，且经常不得不拍拍他们的肩膀说：“教练想见你；记得带上你的战术手册。”当时的维京人队主教练布拉德·柴尔德雷斯（Brad Childress）表示，斯特凡斯基从未抱怨过。柴尔德雷斯在 2006. 年雇佣斯特凡斯基担任他的助手。不是助理主教练，而是主教练助手。这是柴尔德雷斯从安迪·里德（Andy Reid）那里借用的职位名称，其职责是“主教练那天让你做什么就做什么”。“当我给那些人工作时，”柴尔德雷斯说，“我告诉过他们同样的话，就像安迪告诉我那样：‘如果我交给你一项工作，只要知道它是重要的，并且做得比我做得更好。’对我而言，凯文就是这种精神的典范。”当斯特凡斯基在最糟糕的工作中生存下来后，他被赋予了更多责任——比如担任球队气象员。他的职责是根据预报告知柴尔德雷斯，维京人队应该在室内还是室外训练。斯特凡斯基的快速拨号名单里有三位明尼阿波利斯的气象学家。“我会问他们，‘我们 11:30 训练。你们怎么看？’”斯特凡斯基说。他仍然记得，因为将训练移到室内，而那天结果却是“一个绝美的一天”，从而招来了史蒂夫·哈钦森（Steve Hutchinson）的愤怒。“我对这类决定有创伤后应激障碍（PTSD），”他说。“幸运的是，我们现在有了更好的应用程序。”不过，斯特凡斯基做对了足够多的决定，以至于他很快就开始规划明尼苏达队的即时回放挑战策略，并在场边为柴尔德雷斯持有红旗。时任维京人队助理主教练兼防守协调员的莱斯利·弗雷泽（Leslie Frazier）对斯特凡斯基在向教练组呈报挑战旗方案时提出的所有情景感到惊叹。“无论你给他什么工作，他都会尽最大努力将其打造成为一件‘蒙娜丽莎’，”弗雷泽说。“当你看到这样的人时，你会相信他们会有辉煌的未来。”在担任维京人队这份工作的绝大部分时间里，斯特凡-
Josh Kendall 是 The Athletic 报道猎鹰队的资深作者。
有了惠廷汉姆，密歇根州 终于有成年人在场了
作者：奥斯汀·米克 (AUSTIN MEEK) 《竞技》(The Athletic)
芝加哥 —— 凯尔·惠廷汉姆 (Kyle Whittingham) 在参加大十联盟 (Big Ten) 媒体日时，成为了密歇根州项目的最新面孔。而该项目此前在名誉管理不善方面堪称是一场“大师课”。
丑闻。调查。N.C.A.A. 违规。一名与执行助理发生婚外情随后被捕的教练。
惠廷汉姆在犹他州执教的 21 个赛季中，一直是大学足球领域最稳健的教练之一，他来到这里是为了清理一切。如果惠廷汉姆在被雇佣时没有意识到这项工作的重要性，那么他现在意识到了。
惠廷汉姆在首次季前训练营到来之际，正面临着关于其前任谢罗恩·摩尔 (Sherrone Moore) 及其体育部门文化的调查头条新闻。雇佣惠廷汉姆的体育总监沃德·曼努埃尔 (Warde Manuel) 将在年底离职，并获得 7.2 百万美元的买断金。在入职七个月后，惠廷汉姆即将成为密歇根州领导架构中地位最稳固的人物之一。
关于惠廷汉姆为何出现在那里，毫无疑问。当然，他被雇佣是为了赢得足球赛，这是他在犹他州经常做到的事情。但首要任务是，用他的话说，“让这些闹剧休矣”。在密歇根州，这似乎是一项不可能完成的任务，但惠廷汉姆提供了一个认为这可行性的理由。
“闹剧并非由球员驱动，”惠廷汉姆上周表示。“球员们正在做他们应该做的事情。但愿好运——因为一旦我说出这话，可能就会出乱子——他们正以正确的方式生活，并且负有责任。不幸地——
大学足球
——斯基住在一套公寓里，里面包括一个充气床垫，一台放在纸板箱上的电视，以及只有谷物和牛奶的菜单。但他很少在那里。他正奔赴在实现梦想的路上。
“我们的运动中有这么多我热爱的地方，”斯特凡斯基 (Stefanski) 说。“我认为这是最好的比赛，我提醒我们的球员，这是一场孩子们的游戏，他们都在很小的时候就爱上了它。”
斯特凡斯基在 8 岁时就在费城经历了这一切，当时他在康内斯托加将军队 (Conestoga Generals) 比赛，并为巴迪·瑞安 (Buddy Ryan) 的老鹰队加油。
“我清晰地记得拿了一件纯白色的 T 恤，让我妈妈在背面用绿色写上 92 号，”斯特凡斯基说。“雷吉·怀特 (Reggie White) 是我最喜欢的球员。我热爱他。”
斯特凡斯基在宾夕法尼亚州长大，跟随父亲出没于高中和大学的篮球馆中。
并寄希望于一名 四分卫能够发挥 其全部潜力。
不幸的是，戏剧性的一面来自 成年人。” 惠廷汉姆（Whittingham）说得完全正确。 密歇根州（Michigan）的问题源于 那些本应更懂行的人：教练、管理人员 以及大学领导层。为了 解决这个问题， the Wolverines 并不需要 赶走一批球员或重建 更衣室文化。他们只需要 房间里出现一些新的成年人。 现在他们有了一个。惠廷汉姆 是大学教练中最坚定的类型。 在犹他大学执教多年后，他在职业生涯 末期转投密歇根州，这对双方来说 都是一次赌博，但他像其他人那样 让该项目蒙羞的风险很小。
DALE ZANINE / IMAGN IMAGES
凡尼亚州。埃德·斯特凡斯基（Ed Stefanski）在宾夕法尼亚大学（Penn）的篮球项目中表现出色， 并且是 76 人队的第 10 轮选秀球员， 随后成为了 76 人队和新泽西篮网队的总经理。 “我觉得我是在高中体育馆和 Palestra 体育馆长大的，”斯特凡斯基在谈到这座具有历史意义的宾州贵格会（Penn Quakers）竞技场时说道。 他说他尝试了“所有运动”，但爱上了美式足球。 他在宾大四年的球员生涯在潜力耗尽后结束，他在大二时曾获得常春藤联盟（All-Ivy League）荣誉提名。 “怎么说呢？那些做不到的人，就去教书……或者当教练，”斯特凡斯基说。 在母校的美式足球运营部门工作一年后，斯特凡斯基在奇尔德雷斯（Childress）那里获得了机会。 “他就是一个不知疲倦的工作者。
惠廷汉姆进入的是一个竞争激烈的联盟，该联盟不会给 密歇根州提供一条轻松回归 全国影响力之路上。 印第安纳大学（Indiana）教练库尔特·西格内蒂（Curt Cignetti）周围聚集的大量媒体人群就说明了这一点，他距离惠廷汉姆面对稍小规模人群演讲的地方仅一桌之遥。 如果没别的，那么在惠廷汉姆领导下的密歇根州将拥有 结构和纪律。在过去两年里， 多一点这两者本可以给 the Wolverines 提供巨大的帮助。 “这就是我一直以来所做的，”惠廷汉姆说。“纪律和结构一直是我们文化的一部分。在我看来，球员在结构和纪律中才能成长。” 惠廷汉姆引用了前德克萨斯大学教练马克·布朗（Mack Brown）的话，称这份工作最美好的部分是从“被雇佣之日起直到第一场比赛”。 像惠廷汉姆这样接手一支处于混乱之中的球队的教练，因为他不是前任而能获得好感。但这只能维持一段时间，最终，每位教练都将根据球场上的表现而被评判。 惠廷汉姆也将如此。 如果密歇根州今年输掉四场比赛，那么世界上所有的结构和纪律都无法让他免于批评，而考虑到赛程中包括俄亥俄州立大学（Ohio State）、俄勒冈大学（Oregon）、印第安纳大学（Indiana）和俄克拉荷马大学（Oklahoma），这完全是有可能的。 距离获得全国冠军——以及该项目上一次参加大学足球季后赛（College Football Playoff）——已有三年时间，密歇根州的球迷们
在担任克利夫兰布朗队（Cleveland Browns）主教练六个赛季后，凯文·斯特凡斯基（Kevin Stefanski）被亚特兰大猎鹰队（Atlanta Falcons）聘用，后者是 NFL 中输球次数最多的球队之一。跑卫比詹·罗宾逊（Bijan Robinson，左）应成为该教练注重跑球进攻战术中的关键要素。
“而且是一个非常聪明的人，”Childress说道。“他能预见到即将到来的趋势。几年后，他想进入教练领域。”
在接下来的11年里，Stefanski在明尼苏达州步步攀升，从2009年的助理四分卫教练到2019年的进攻协调员。他在Bill Musgrave、Norv Turner和Pat Shurmur手下工作，并与Kubiak一家（父亲Gary以及儿子Klint、Klay和Klein）建立了终身的关系。Stefanski曾开玩笑说，他有时认为自己是第四个Kubiak兄弟。
“我有那个‘K’基因，”他说。
Gary和Klint Kubiak在Gary离开丹佛后，于2019年来到明尼苏达州。长辈Kubiak成为了助理主教练和进攻顾问，而他的长子（今年被任命为突袭者队主教练）则成为了Stefanski的四分卫教练。
“我们当时坐在一个大约只有这张桌子那么大的办公室里，Kevin教我如何上手，”Klint Kubiak在今年联盟年会上的一张小型宴会桌旁说道。“我一直与Kevin关系非常密切，并感谢他真正地帮助我成长为一名主教练。”
Stefanski利用那一年将Kubiak的信条浓缩进一套进攻哲学中，这套哲学始于Bill Walsh的西海岸风格，并在随后的几年中不断添加元素。
“你会被贴上标签——比如‘他就是这么做的’或者‘他就是这么跑位的’——但你的系统必须能够向很多方向延伸，”Gary Kubiak说道。“你不能拿着一本剧本说‘这就是我们要做的’，然后就这样跑18周。”
他补充道：“你必须建立一套系统，以便……”
春季赛后，主教练Kyle Whittingham表示，他的工作是“平息风波”。
Whittingham对第一年成功的基准线，在一些密歇根州球迷看来可能平淡无奇。他谈到了在“11月参加有意义的比赛”，但并未表示密歇根州应该进入季后赛。
“在几个位置的深度方面，我们还有工作要做，”他说。“我认为在一年或两年内，我们将全面达到所需的状态。我不想营造一种‘家底被掏空’的印象，因为事实并非如此。我们的计划中有很多优秀的球员，但我们必须看看每个人如何适应新的方案和新的文化。”
在克利夫兰的时光 并不感到苦涩。
让你能够向很多个方向延伸。” 维京人队的表现足够出色，让斯特凡斯基在克利夫兰获得了主教练的职位。在布朗队的六年里，他的核心进攻理念逐渐显现。根据 TruMedia 的数据，在那段时间里，克利夫兰在 NFL 的跑球率（40.1%）排名第 11，在传统跑球档次的假跑后撤率（50.8%）排名第 6。
斯特凡斯基在克利夫兰的成绩褒贬不一。他曾两次被评为联盟年度教练，但未能进入季后赛
惠廷汉继承了一名四分卫，布莱斯·安德伍德，他极具天赋，但也是一个巨大的变数。如果安德伍德能发挥出 2025 届招募榜第一名的潜力，密歇根州队可能会成为季后赛的竞争者。如果安德伍德还是像一年级时那样的球员，那么密歇根州队很难在 Big Ten 联盟中与顶尖球队竞争。
惠廷汉承认安德伍德的数据需要提高，同时暗示对于一名 18 岁的一年级新生来说，预期可能太高了。密歇根州的新进攻协调员杰森·贝克在犹他大学对德文·丹皮尔起到了神奇的作用，人们希望他也能做到同样的事
四次，并更换了 13 位首发四分卫，场均得分 20.3 分，这在六年的时间里在联盟中排名第 29。布朗队在 1 月份解雇了斯特凡斯基，他的职业生涯战绩为 45-56。“无论你在哪个球队，不管你从事什么运动，你都想赢，你最终想成为最后屹立不倒的那支球队，而我们没能实现这一点，”斯特凡斯基说。“这是我的遗憾，也是我们所有人都会铭记在心的事情，我肯定会带着这种遗憾，在追求更卓越的道路上努力。”然而，他坚持认为，他并没有把苦涩情绪带到亚特兰大。“我对那个组织充满热爱，”他在谈到布朗队时说道。不过，认识他的人说，他确实心中燃着一股不服输的劲头。“我知道凯文在经历了克利夫兰的那些事情后，非常有动力，”加里·库比亚克说。“孩子，别被凯文的笑容给骗了。他好胜心强得可怕，而且动力极强。观看他的表现将会很有趣。”曾在维京人队担任三年进攻协调员的特纳认为，斯特凡斯基在布朗队的经验将使猎鹰队受益。“我不认为有人能完全知道他在克利夫兰能掌控什么、不能掌控什么，但你能从所有这些经历中学习，”特너说。“在我看来，他的优势在于他经历过艰难的处境。”外接手德雷克·伦敦表示，在被聘用的六个月里，斯特凡斯基一直在向猎鹰队强调细节和问责的重要性。“我们绝不自满，”伦敦说。“这是目前的大格言……就是不断向前推进，追求卓越。他正在用可能是我见过的最淡定的方式实施这一切，但与此同时，他在工作上非常果断。”加里·库比亚克说，球员们之所以响应斯特凡斯基，是因为他那种沉稳的自信。“他就是个非常好的人，”库比亚克说。“如果你为他工作，你会愿意为他效死；如果你为他打球，你会愿意为他拼尽全力。”斯特凡斯基将需要所有的自信来扭转猎鹰队的命运。亚特兰大自 2017 赛季以来就没能进入季后赛，且此后在 NFL 的胜场数（55）排名第 25。而弗雷泽则对他将如何表现毫无疑问。“当你回顾他的第一次新闻发布会，再看他们赢得 NFC 南区冠军时的那场发布会，你会说，‘天哪，这没有让他飘起来。他还是那个谦虚、睿智、聪明的家伙’，”弗雷泽预言道。“在像他这样有才华的人身上，这种品质很难找到。”
JAIME CRAWFORD / GETTY IMAGES FOR ONIT
对于安德伍德（Underwood）而言。 “他的上限很高，”惠廷汉（Whittingham）说道。“我坚定地相信，他将在密歇根州成为一名非常成功的四分卫。” 安德伍德的成长将在很大程度上决定惠廷汉在安阿伯（Ann Arbor）能否成为一名成功的教练。在 66 岁，且随着一名新体育总监即将到任的情况下，惠廷汉是在一个紧迫的时间表下运作。即便没有其他成就，他也应该能为密歇根州提供一座稳定的桥梁，以衔接接下来的任何变动。 密歇根州可能尚未摆脱其丑闻，但金刚狼队（Wolverines）现在拥有了很久以来缺失的东西：一名不制造戏剧化冲突的橄榄球教练来管理品牌。
来自第一体育页
“正因为如此，这里在某种程度上变成了一个目的地，”格德伍德（Girdwood）的消防局长米歇尔·韦斯顿（Michelle Weston）说道。“但来到这里的人根本不知道，如果他们陷入困境，我们能为他们做的事情多么有限。”
特纳盖因臂（Turnagain Arm）之所以得名，是因为詹姆斯·库克（James Cook）船长的船员在 1778 年寻找西北航道时不得不反复折返。如今，要到达冲浪区意味着必须攀爬数层陡峭且参差不齐的护岸石——即堆在岸边以防止侵蚀的碎石。水温平均在 45 度，寒冷到足以在几分钟内使人失去基本的运动功能。
该海湾沿岸还覆盖着细小的冰川淤泥，其特性类似于流沙。被冲向浅滩的冲浪者面临被困在浓稠泥浆中的风险，直到潮汐再次上涨——这正是当地噩梦般的民俗传说素材。几年前，韦斯顿筹集资金为她的部门购买了一台专业的泥浆救援设备，但该设备需要三人操作，且必须能够及时到达被困冲浪者身边。
六月，一名来自安克雷奇（Anchorage）的 25 岁男子开车前来通过桨板冲潮汐波，在被水流和泥浆困住，且因过度疲惫和寒冷无法到达岸边后死亡。救援人员将一艘充气船带到水边，但三英尺高的波浪使船内灌满水，导致一名消防员受伤，且马达无法克服水流。当时没有海岸警卫队的直升机可用。
“这甚至算不上某种激流溺水，”阿拉斯加州交通部公共信息官员卡罗琳娜·扎克拉夫斯卡（Karolina Zakravska）说道。“他只是被困在那里，因为水流太强，他无法返回。”
比奇（Beachy）也目睹了那个年轻人的挣扎，但救援人员劝他不要划船出去救援，他说这种情况他经历的次数“多得让我不想回忆”。三天后，他试图劝阻另一名新来者，那人穿着“一件干式潜水服，搭配 Vans 滑板鞋，手上戴着袜子，背着一个巨大的攀登背包，拿着一支皮划艇桨”。
他补充道：“有些孩子不明白，在阿拉斯加，你需要准备计划 B、计划 C 和计划 D，因为没有人会来救——”
‘没有人会来救你。’
皮特·比奇（PETE BEACHY），向新来者警告在特纳盖因臂冲浪的危险。
恐慌掩盖了 非凡的进化
肯·罗森塔尔 (KEN ROSENTHAL) 著 The Athletic
反道奇队的恐慌来了。新一轮的小市场球队失败主义又来了。停赛即将到来，尽管其发生从未令人怀疑。是的，洛杉矶道奇队在周六晚上交易得到了连续两届美国联盟赛扬奖得主塔里克·斯库巴尔 (Tarik Skubal)，这只会增加许多球迷以及业内人士对大联盟 (M.L.B.) 经济体制的沮丧感。
然而，斯库巴尔加盟道奇队并非既定事实，也不应该是这样。其他竞争球队也有顶级新秀可以提供。每支球队都负担得起斯库巴尔合同中剩余的 $9.4 million。为什么道奇队又是那个出手的人？为什么他们如此频繁地完成这类操作，甚至在金钱不是决定性因素的时候也是如此？
这项运动的经济体制确实需要解决，毫无疑问。不一定是通过工资帽——这是球队老板们的一项要求，威胁到可能会抹除 2027 赛季的部分或全部——而是通过其他方式来帮助小市场球队获益，并允许这项运动继续其复兴。
顺便说一句，这次复兴在一定程度上是由道奇队进化为超级强队的非凡进程所推动的——而在 15 年前该队在之前的所有权下申请破产时，这种进化几乎是不可想象的。
道奇队不仅仅是靠钱在这么做，尽管他们巨大的收入确实有所帮助。他们在球探、培养、交易等棒球运营的每一个方面都接近于行业标准。他们还拥有一种大多数其他球队不具备的独特品质，一种无畏的精神，这可能帮助他们成为自 1998 到 2000 年的纽约洋基队以来，首支连续三次获得世界系列赛冠军的球队。
毫无疑问，道奇队还拥有其他优势。
他们利用其能力，从巨大的地方电视转播合同中扣除了相当一部分资金而不参与收入分成，这一安排源于大联盟 (M.L.B.) 与前球队老板弗兰克·麦考特 (Frank McCourt) 在破产法院达成的和解。
他们还利用了对大谷翔平 (Shohei Ohtani) 的签约，他是我们这一代最伟大的球员，签下了一份极其荒谬的 $700 million 延期支付合同，这份合同是他提供给所有追求他的自由球员俱乐部的，包括他之前效力的洛杉矶天使队。
但看看斯库巴尔的交易。道奇队放弃了他们在 2023 年的第三轮选秀权（投手布雷迪·史密斯 Brady Smith），以及两名在最初交易中引起关注较少的球员：投手里弗·瑞安 (River Ryan) 和外野手扎希尔·霍普 (Zyhir Hope)。
瑞安是在还没在教徒队组织中投过一次球之前，通过与圣迭戈的交易换来的外野手马特·比蒂 (Matt Beaty)。霍普则是在道奇队试图清理 40 人名单名额的交易中加入的。一垒手迈克尔·布什 (Michael Busch) 和投手延西·阿尔蒙特 (Yency Almonte) 被送到芝加哥小熊队，换来了霍普和投手杰克逊·费里斯 (Jackson Ferris)，后者职业经验极少，以至于不需要在 40 人名单中受到保护。
许多其他顶级道奇
棒球
（此处文本跳跃至关于冲浪的内容）
“提示你。” 比奇 (Beachy) 最早于 2010 年划入特纳盖恩臂 (Turnagain Arm)，并且像其他仍在冲浪的人一样，一直以来都在冲 the bore tide（潮汐波）。从春末到初秋，他几乎每天都冲浪并提供付费导游服务。他以前一直冲浪到十月，躲避岸边的冰块和冰屑，但现在在九月就停止，去猎驼鹿。他的冬天在夏威夷欧胡岛的北岸度过，他说在那里他学会了如何引导毫无准备的新手远离大浪。他担心更多的受伤，并且担心最近的死亡事件会促使官方严厉打击冲 the bore tide。韦斯顿 (Weston) 说格德伍德消防救援队 (Girdwood Fire & Rescue) 已
为了得到塔里克·斯库巴尔，仅花费了（从右起顺时针方向）：里弗·瑞安、扎希尔·霍普和布雷迪·史密斯。
一些前景看好的球员也随之而至，看似是次要的交易：外野手 James Tibbs III 和 Zach Ehrhard 换取 Dustin May；外野手 Mike Sirota 和 Charles Davalan 换取 Gavin Lux——其中 Davalan 是作为交易的一部分而获得的竞争平衡选秀权。
这并不是在用钱砸败竞争对手，而是在智取。而对于 Skubal，道奇队拥有足够的深度来交易三名才华横溢的前景球员，因为他们知道自己的系统中还有几十名此类球员。Ryan、Smith 和 Hope 都备受推崇。老虎队做得不错。但其他球队，特别是密尔沃基酿造者队，本可以为了 Skubal 放弃更好的前景球员。他们决定不这么做，从而让道奇队再次在整个行业中占据绝对优势。
对于像酿造者队和坦帕湾光芒队这样的小市场球队来说，年轻且廉价的球员所具有的价值，要比对于道奇队那样高。有一种强有力的观点认为，现在正是这两支俱乐部争取 Skubal 的时刻，他本可以改变酿造者队，就像 C C Sabathia 在 2008 年所做的那样。
光芒队拥有美国联盟的最佳记录，酿造者队则拥有国家联盟的最佳记录。但两支俱乐部都没有赢得过世界大赛。是的，Skubal 是租借球员，而且带有一定的赌博性质——他在 5 月 6 日接受了一次创新手术，以去除肘部的骨刺。但自回归后的九次先发中，他的防御率为 2.87，看起来非常像那个获得赛扬奖时期的自己。
为什么这两支小市场球队没有更加努力地争取 Skubal？一名了解其想法的人士表示，酿造者队并不认为 Skubal 剩余的 $9.4 百万美元是一道障碍。光芒队可能也没有将其视为障碍。但这里还有另一件事是道奇队所利用的：当今比赛中许多其他俱乐部的风险厌恶天性。
道奇队能够承受承担更多风险，能够在自由市场上为像 Kyle Tucker 这样的补充型球员保证一份高达 $2.4 亿美元的离谱合同。但薪金上限和下限系统的那个肮脏小秘密是，它并不能保证小市场球队的成功。许多球队需要培养更强的“杀手本能”，而这种本能正是道奇队一次又一次展现出来的。
噢，还有一件事：尽管大联盟（M.L.B.）会将这次交易作为更多劳资谈判的素材，但 Skubal 并不保证道奇队将赢得他们的第三个连续世界大赛冠军。
人们忘记了，他们在 2022 和 2023 年的分区系列赛中，输给了来自小市场的分区对手——圣地亚哥教徒队和亚利桑那响尾蛇队。在分区系列赛中，他们差点再次输给教徒队。
在夏天，他每周都会收到好几次电话，是路人担心泥滩上的人。
在晴天，甚至会有 20 或 40 名冲浪者在堤坝边等待浪潮，而 Seward 高速公路的停车区感觉像是在南加州，而非亚北极的阿拉斯加。在寒冷的夏季雨中，除了 Beachy 之外，唯一的冲浪者是一车来自安克雷奇的高中朋友和一个来自加州的 the 新手。
“有时候，这比大浪更好，”Beachy 在等待夜晚的潮汐时说道。
潮汐通道始于安克雷奇附近，大约需要两到三小时。
Pete Beachy（最左侧）在等待潮汐通道，其他冲浪者也一样，他们站在 Seward 高速公路旁穿上潜水服。上方为 Beachy 冲完潮汐通道后的样子。
为了能接触到它。一旦他通过双筒望远镜发现它，比奇（Beachy）就有 15 分钟的时间穿上潜水服和手套，将冲浪板从他那辆饱经风霜的白色面包车上搬下来，然后迅速爬下岩石。接着他开始等待，一边做呼吸练习，一边凝视着一侧的基奈山脉（Kenai Mountains）和另一侧的楚加奇山脉（Chugach range）之巅。
海浪起初在水平线上呈现为一道涟漪，但等到它到达冲浪者面前时，海水的咆哮声已经淹没了公路上的交通声。捕捉到这道浪可能意味着一次终身难忘的骑行。根据他的 GoPro 记录，比奇曾沿着潮汐波（bore tide）滑行了 6 英里，持续时间近一小时。
“我知道这样做很疯狂，”他说。“但在夏威夷，你不可能骑行一小时。”
不仅是因为金钱。
2024，且在去年的世界大赛中，他们经历了七场比赛并凭借诸多侥幸才击败了多伦多蓝鸟队。 毫无疑问，斯库巴尔增强了道奇队强大的轮值阵容。在季后赛中，由斯库巴尔、大谷翔平以及山本由伸组成的前三名投手组合将在十月难以被逾越。但大谷翔平正面临膝盖和二头肌的问题。目前尚不清楚他何时能再次登板投球。如果他的问题影响到了他的击球能力——目前还没有——道奇队的实力将会下降。 然而，即使在获得斯库巴尔之前，道奇队也认为，如果在健康状态下，他们的投球阵容可能是这个统治 era 中最强的。斯库巴尔的加入进一步为他们提供了保障，此时布莱克·斯内尔和泰勒·格拉斯诺正在从伤病中恢复，而贾斯汀·罗布莱斯基的投球局数已经超过了他的职业生涯最高值。道奇队拥有如此多的选择，包括在牛棚中，以至于很难想象他们的阵容会崩盘。 在进攻端也是如此，寻找过多的缺陷无异于徒劳。道奇队的野手群体是大联盟中最年长的。如果他们去年输掉了系列赛，球队的集体年龄将会引起更多的关注。但今年的进攻端，即便存在不稳定因素，仍然位列联盟顶尖之列。 所以，是的，连续第三次获得世界大赛冠军看起来是非常可能的，尽管并不像美国职业棒球大联盟（M.L.B.）希望你相信的那样必然。狂热即将到来。停赛即将到来。在所有这些嘈杂之中，某些重要的事情将被掩盖。 道奇队擅长于此。比任何人都擅长。
约翰·阿里（John Ali）于 7 月 26 在费城家中去世。他 98. 他在 20 世纪 60 年代是伊斯兰国家（Nation of Islam）的高层官员，负责监督该宗教团体与其最著名的成员之一马尔科姆·X（Malcolm X）之间动荡的分裂；随后他被指控为联邦调查局（F.B.I.）的线人，并在 1965, 马尔科姆遇刺事件中扮演了某种角色。他的儿子乔·阿里（Jon Ali）确认了死讯，并表示他的父亲直到近期一直住在芝加哥。马尔科姆在纽约奥杜邦舞厅（Audubon Ballroom）遇刺，这令一个在一年多前刚经历过总统约翰·F·肯尼迪遇刺打击的国家再次震惊。与肯尼迪遇刺案一样，马尔科姆被杀事件在当时以及现在，都笼罩在矛盾的叙述、政府的遮掩以及猖獗的阴谋论之中。处于这一谜团中心的正是阿里先生，作为伊斯兰国家的全国秘书，他是该组织领导人埃利亚·穆罕默德（Elijah Muhammad）事实上的
二号人物。阿里先生拥有会计学位，负责该组织的业务运营，包括与拳击手穆罕默德·阿里（Muhammad Ali，当时是穆罕默德先生的追随者）及其职业生涯的大量往来。阿里先生同时也是该组织的官方发言人和执行者，这一角色使他与马尔科姆产生直接冲突。到 20 世纪 60 年代中期，马尔科姆已成为该组织最显赫的人物，但由于穆罕默德先生多次婚外情，他已开始与该组织决裂。阿里先生将自己加入该组织归功于马尔科姆，两人曾是亲密的朋友和室友。但在 1963, 12 月，马尔科姆将肯尼迪遇刺描述为“小鸡回巢”（chickens coming home to roost）后，正是阿里先生告知记者，马尔科姆已被暂停职务并被禁止公开演讲。在 1964, 3 月马尔科姆离开
该组织后不久，正是阿里先生强迫马尔科姆的兄弟、组织中级部长菲尔伯特·X（Philbert X）在一段由阿里先生起草的演讲中谴责自己的兄弟。而此时，阿里先生自己也面临着争议。1963, 记者路易斯·洛马克斯（Louis Lomax）指控他是联邦调查局（F.B.I.）的线人，他在多本书中重复了这一指控，而阿里先生始终予以否认。不过，联邦调查局密切监视伊斯兰国家和马尔科姆已不是秘密。随后解密的档案显示，该局声称在协助策划该组织与马尔科姆的分裂中发挥了作用。
讣告 讣告
科恩，斯坦利
COHEN——斯坦利。
摩根，爱德华
曼内，杰里
MANNE——杰里。
普拉特，尼古拉斯
尼古拉斯。
赖希，罗伯特
斯坦利·科恩（Stanley Cohen）于 7 月 27, 2026, 在纽约州科帕克（Copake）家中安详离世，享年 92, 其挚爱的妻子凯丽（Carrie）和儿子保罗（Paul）在侧。斯坦利出生于纽约布朗克斯区，是一位国际律师、作家，以及终身热爱艺术、文学、音乐和思想的人。他在巴黎创办了一家律师事务所，其生活以极强的好奇心、敏捷的机智、慷慨和同情心为标志。他出版回忆录《我从未与詹姆斯·鲍德温做爱》（I Never Made Love with James Baldwin）的梦想在临终前不久得以实现。斯坦利留下了挚爱的妻子凯丽、儿子保罗、女儿劳拉（Laura）、女婿阿里克（Arik）、孙辈亚历克斯（Alex）和莉拉（Lila）、继女萨布丽娜（Sabrina）和娜塔莉亚（Natalia），以及世界各地许多亲爱的朋友。人们将通过他的……而记得他。
走向世界。
欲了解更多信息，请访问 nytimes.com / oncampus
……通过其秘密的反激进项目 COINTELPRO 对该组织以及马尔科姆进行监控。在马尔科姆风暴般地离开该组织到他被暗杀之间的一年里，阿里先生多次反驳媒体报道称该组织有计划骚扰或杀害马尔科姆。
尽管历史学家和记者后来采访的前成员表示，该组织曾试图派遣杀手小队针对他。在 1965 年 2 月 21 日，马尔科姆正准备在哈莱姆区（Harlem）的奥杜邦舞厅向 400 人发表讲话，此时一名男子冲上前将其射击……
……睿智的头脑、极具感染力的幽默感、无穷的好奇心，以及他如此慷慨分享的爱。愿他的记忆成为一种祝福。
杰里·曼内（Jerry Manne），伊利诺伊州河林区（River Forest）居民，于 2026 年 7 月 23 日安详去世，享年 89 岁。杰里曾是芝加哥商品交易所（Chicago Board of Trade）的商品经纪人，也是全球野生动物保护的坚定支持者。杰里出生于曼哈顿，毕业于梅法姆高中（Mepham High School）、达特茅斯学院（Dartmouth College）和西北大学（Northwestern University）。他在芝加哥商品交易所建立了一番卓越的事业，在那里，他以热情、专业和诚信而闻名。他还是芝加哥联盟俱乐部（Union League Club of Chicago）的活跃成员。杰里是 CBOT 濒危物种基金（CBOT Endangered Species Fund）的创始人，该基金已向全球范围内的保护项目捐赠数百万美元。
STANLEY WOLFSON / AMERICAN PHOTO ARCHIVE, VIA ALAMY
他还支持芝加哥动物学会（Chicago Zoological Society）、芝加哥反虐待协会（Anti Cruelty Society of Chicago）、杜雷尔保护信托基金（Durrell Conservation Trust）以及联盟俱乐部少年儿童俱乐部（Union League Boys & Girls Clubs）。他致力于保护受威胁物种并加强社区机构，这是他生命中定义性的一部分。杰里与结婚 50 多年的妻子桑迪·曼内（Sandy Manne，原姓 Pasbjerg）共同热爱旅行，尤其是前往夏威夷和澳大利亚。杰里的遗属包括桑迪，以及他的兄弟李·曼内（Lee Manne）、李的妻子莱斯利·曼内（Leslie Manne）以及被杰里的善良所感动的亲友们。先于他去世的有父亲朱利叶斯·曼内（Julius Manne）和母亲鲁斯·曼内（Ruth Manne，原姓 Kraus）。
摩根（MORGAN）——爱德华·A. 上校，美国海军（退役）。 1936 年 3 月 3 日 - 2026 年 1 月 19 日。爱德华·A. 摩根（Edward A. Morgan），律师、海军军官及公职人员，于 2026 年 1 月 19 日安详去世，享年 89 岁。爱德华于 1936 年 3 月 3 日出生在纽约布鲁克林，他的一生由诚信和奉献定义——服务于国家、专业领域、社区和家庭。
作为一名海军将领之子，爱德华在海军家庭中长大，早年就培养了强烈的责任感和纪律意识。在获得美国海军预备役军官训练团（ROTC）奖学金从宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院（Wharton School）毕业后，他于 1957 年至 1960 年在美国海军服现役。此后数十年，他通过海军预备役继续履行其承诺，最终以海军上校军衔退役。在完成现役服务后，爱德华在哈佛法学院（Harvard Law School）深造法律，于 1964 年获得法学学士（LL.B.）学位，随后获得了……
1971年获得纽约大学税法文学硕士学位。在法律职业生涯中，爱德华（Edward）曾在纽约的 Alexander & Green 以及 Pryor Cashman 律师事务所担任合伙人，从事国际税法实践。
50多年来，他深度参与全球法律社区，并在国际律师协会（IBA）和国际会计师与律师组织（IGAL）中活跃数十年。他曾担任 IBA 税务委员会主席，并且是国际律师协会基金会的创始人、受托人，以及后来的财务主管和主席。在职业生活之外，爱德华致力于公共和社会服务。他在斯卡斯代尔（Scarsdale）居住超过 50 年，在当地担任过多项职务，包括区划委员会成员、受托人（1993-1997）和市长（1997-1999）。
他在斯卡斯代尔论坛（Scarsdale Forum）、公民提名委员会（Citizens' Nominating Committee）中非常活跃，并曾担任财政事务委员会的成员和主席。在他的一生中，他还为许多非营利和公益事业贡献了大量时间和专业知识，包括纽约美国印第安人博物馆、亨廷顿免费图书馆与阅览室、斯卡斯代尔历史学会、斯卡斯代尔艺术委员会、斯卡斯代尔社区中心以及女性企业发展中心。作为斯卡斯代尔希区柯克长老会的长期成员，爱德华在信仰和团契中找到了深刻的意义，并对他参与教会唱诗班感到特别自豪。他的其他爱好包括棒球、
BETTMANN ARCHIVE / GETTY IMAGES
用锯短的霰弹枪击中胸口。随后至少又有两名男子跟进，用手枪射击马尔科姆（Malcolm）。当他被送到医院时已经死亡。
在混乱中，除一名袭击者穆贾希德·阿卜杜勒·哈利姆（Mujahid Abdul Halim，当时名为 Talmadge X Hayer）外，其余袭击者均已逃脱。
哈利姆先生及另外两名男子，穆罕默德·阿卜杜勒·阿齐兹（Muhammad Abdul Aziz，当时名为 Norman 3X Butler）和哈利尔·伊斯兰（Khalil Islam，当时名为 Thomas 15X Johnson），被逮捕、起诉并被裁定谋杀罪名成立。哈利姆先生是纽瓦克伊斯兰民族清真寺的成员；另外两人则隶属于纽约的伊斯兰民族清真寺。
哈利姆先生承认了罪行，但他坚称阿齐兹先生和伊斯兰先生是无辜的。这两名在狱中度过数十年的男子于 2021 年被平反。
在暗杀发生后的这些年里，包括两本普利策奖传记作者曼宁（Manning）在内的历史学家们……
给他的孩子和孙辈讲故事，以及打网球，尤其是在缅因州的皮克斯岛（Peaks Island）打球，他在那里度过夏天，且其家族在那里的房产已拥有超过 100 年。爱德华的遗属包括他的妻子罗莎蒙德（Rosamonde）；子女托马斯（Thomas）和詹妮弗（Jennifer）；孙辈詹姆斯（James）、埃拉（Ella）、里斯（Reese）、玛吉（Maggie）和克里斯（Chris）；以及罗莎蒙德的子女卡特里娜（Katrina）、马克（Mark）和安德鲁（Andrew）及其家人；以及他的兄弟菲利普（Philip）。他的第一任妻子玛格丽特（Margaret）于 1995 年先于他去世。人们将记住爱德华是一个有原则且体面的男人；他留下的服务、领导力和正直的遗产将继续激励所有认识他的人。葬礼于 2026 年 7 月 6 日在他深爱的皮克斯岛举行。
PLATT——大使
尼古拉斯·普拉特（Nicholas Platt）大使是一位卓越的职业外交官，他将整个职业生涯奉献给了促进美国与亚洲的关系。他于 2026 年 7 月 23 日在纽约长老会医院（NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital）平静离世。
他
马勒在《马尔科姆·X：重塑之生》（2011）中，以及莱斯和塔玛拉·佩恩在《死者在觉醒：马尔科姆·X的一生》（2020）中，均认为额外的枪手很可能与哈利姆先生一样，来自纽瓦克清真寺。
独立研究员兼历史学家阿卜杜勒-拉赫曼-穆罕默德得出了类似的结论，这一点在由瑞秋-德雷津和菲尔-伯特尔森执导、基于其研究工作的 Netflix 纪录片《谁杀了马尔科姆·X？》（2020）中有所体现。
目前还没有人能确定阿里先生是否在这次杀戮中扮演了直接角色。但至少有一项指控性证据：居住在芝加哥的阿里先生在暗杀发生时身在纽约，并在前一天晚上与哈利姆先生会面。
数十年后，阿里先生坚持认为他本人和“伊斯兰民族”并未参与其中。在乔纳森-艾格为其 2017 年编写的穆罕默德·阿里传记《阿里：一生》进行的采访中，他表示：“人们知道，如果我们想这么做，我们是可以做到的。”“但我们没做。”
小约翰·威廉·西蒙斯于 1927 年 11 月 3 日出生在佐治亚州的埃弗里。在他还是婴儿时，他的父母约翰和薇奥拉（布朗）·西蒙斯将全家迁至费城，他的父亲在那里担任司机。
18 岁时，约翰被征召入伍。一名对他的数学天赋印象深刻的白人上校建议他申请罗德岛州的布莱恩特大学，该校设有针对退伍军人的加速课程。
他于 1950 年从布莱恩特大学毕业，获得会计学学位。他后来表示，他的学术成绩给大学校长留下了深刻印象，因此为其安排了一次联邦调查局（F.B.I.）的面试。他被拒绝担任特工，而对方提供的一份工作在他看来太低端，于是他拒绝了。
他回到了费城，
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年长 90 岁。普拉特大使 1936 年出生于纽约市，出身于一个显赫的纽约市家族，包括他的父亲杰弗里·普拉特（纽约市地标委员会的首任主席）、他的祖父建筑师查尔斯·亚当斯·普拉特，以及他的曾祖父约瑟夫·霍奇斯·乔特（一位著名的律师和外交官，大都会艺术博物馆的创始赞助人，并在威廉·麦金莱政府期间担任美国驻英国大使）。尼古拉斯·普拉特 1953 年毕业于圣保罗学校，1957 年毕业于哈佛学院。他于 1959 年获得约翰·霍普金斯大学高级国际研究学院的硕士学位。在外交服务领域卓越的 34 年职业生涯中，他升至美国外交最高级别，先后担任美国驻赞比亚大使（1982-84）、驻菲律宾大使（1987-91）和驻巴基斯坦大使（1991-92）。他与亚洲的接触始于 20 世纪 60 年代初在台湾学习中文，随后在香港、北京和东京担任关键职务。1972 年，他陪同理查德·尼克松总统进行了历史性的北京之行，标志着美中关系的恢复。他于 1973 年成为美国驻北京联络处的第一批成员。同年，他在尤金·奥曼迪率领的费城管弦乐团历史性巡演中担任控制官员——这是美国管弦乐团首次访问中华人民共和国。
他记录了这些形式化……
美联社（ASSOCIATED PRESS）
他在 2010 年的回忆录《中国男孩：美国与中华人民共和国关系的开始与发展》(CHINA BOYS: How U.S. Relations with the PRC Began and Grew) 中，回顾了他的外交岁月。
在华盛顿，他的领导生涯跨越了多个政府班子。他曾担任中国分析师、日本事务主任、国家安全委员会亚洲事务职员、国防部副助理秘书、国务院联合国事务代理助理秘书 (1981-82)，以及国务院执行秘书 (1985-87)，多年来为多位总统提供建议，包括吉米·卡特、罗纳德·里根和乔治·布什。
从政府部门退休后，普拉特大使从 1992 年起担任亚洲协会主席，任期十二年，并在 2004 年 7 月 1 日退休后成为荣誉主席。在晚年，他继续通过担任费城交响乐团全球倡议高级顾问、外交关系委员会成员以及美中教育信托基金 (USCET) 顾问委员会主席，来促进国际友好关系。
他的挚爱妻子希拉在 2018 年先于他去世，两人结婚超过 60 年。他的家人包括居住在弗吉尼亚州里士满的兄弟杰弗里，以及三个尽职的儿子：作家亚当、演员奥利弗和金融高管小尼古拉斯，以及九个孙辈。
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且担任执行者的 会计师。
他在那里担任会计师。1954年，一位朋友带他去伊斯兰民族（Nation of Islam）的清真寺听马尔科姆（Malcolm）演说，当时马尔科姆正以雄辩的演讲者而迅速成名。西蒙斯先生加入了该组织，取名为约翰·阿里（John Ali），并在纽约与马尔科姆一起工作。在三年的时间里，他们及其妻子共同住在皇后区的埃尔姆赫斯特（Elmhurst）地区。1961年，穆罕默德先生（Mr. Muhammad）正在寻找一名新的全国秘书，马尔科姆推荐了他的朋友。阿里先生迅速赢得了穆罕默德先生的信任，并在一年内开始管理该组织的日常运作。但阿里先生与马尔科姆的关系开始恶化。他变得对马尔科姆颇多批评，而马尔科姆则怀疑阿里先生试图离间他与穆罕默德先生的关系。1964年，马尔科姆告诉记者洛马克斯先生（Mr. Lomax），阿里先生是他的“宿敌”。阿里先生在该组织业务运作中的参与度在 1960 年代继续扩大。1966年，他成为一家名为 Main Bout 的新企业的业务经理，该公司处理穆罕默德·阿里（Muhammad Ali）的大部分推广权，因此掌控了他的大部分收入。据艾格先生（Mr. Eig）称，随着穆罕默德·阿里成为超级巨星，约翰·阿里在接下来的几年里积累了巨额财富。他在1970年卸任全国秘书，但仍活跃于该组织。阿里先生的前两段婚姻（分别与米妮·科尔曼和德洛雷斯·布斯塔曼特）均以离婚告终。他的第三任妻子卡罗琳·阿里先于他去世。除了他的儿子乔恩（Jon）外，他的遗属还包括第一段婚姻中出生的另一个儿子苏丹·阿里（Sultan Ali）和一个女儿玛丽·阿里（Marie Ali）；第二段婚姻中出生的一个女儿克拉拉·阿里（Clara Ali）；六个孙辈；九个曾孙辈；以及一个兄弟迈克尔（Michael）。60 多年过去了，马尔科姆被刺杀的原因以及凶手是谁仍然不明。许多证人早已去世，且联邦调查局（F.B.I.）拒绝解密相关文件。但研究人员强烈认为，阿里先生参与其中，或许充当了穆罕默德先生与凶手之间的传话者。“我认为他有可能传递了指令，”历史学家阿卜杜勒-拉赫曼·穆罕默德（Abdur-Rahman Muhammad）在一次采访中说道。“但很多发生的事情是不会被记录在案的。”
赖希 (REICH) —— 罗伯特·M. (Robert M.) 罗伯特·M·赖希，86 岁，在家中去世，陪伴在他身边的是结婚 52 年的妻子戴尔·赖希 (Dale Reich) 以及三个女儿：杰奎琳 (Jacqueline)、林赛 (Lindsay) 和亚历山德拉 (Alexandra)。作为一名令人生羡且深受喜爱的七个孙辈的祖父，他将被深深地思念。为纪念他而进行的捐款可捐至纽约技术学院的 Nada Anid 奖学金基金：https: / alumni.nyit.edu / giving / NadaAnidScholarship
帕谢克 (PASZEK) —— 泰德 (Ted) 一个绝佳且才华横溢的人。霍华德 (Howard) 的丈夫。奥尔加 (Olga) 和泰德 (Ted) 挚爱的儿子。愿安息。
缅怀 您的挚爱。
nytimes@classifiedsplus.com 1-800-458-5522
米尔德里德·皮茨·沃尔特（Mildred Pitts Walter）是一位在吉姆·克劳法（Jim Crow）时期的美国南部长大，并在洛杉矶担任教师的教育工作者。她创作了多部聚焦于黑人角色的获奖儿童书籍，填补了她学生阅读材料的空白。她于 5 月 19 日在加利福尼亚州红木城逝世，享年 103 岁。她的孙子尼扎姆·沃尔特（Nizam Walter）确认了她在一家辅助生活设施中的去世。
在 20 世纪 50 年代和 60 年代，作为洛杉矶南中央区的一名幼儿园教师，由于她的学生大多像她一样是黑人，沃尔特女士一直在寻找能够让孩子们产生共鸣的含有黑人角色的书籍。
她回忆道，当时极少数此类书籍之一是由白人作者埃兹拉·杰克·基茨（Ezra Jack Keats）创作的 1962 年获奖凯迪克奖绘本《雪之日》（The Snowy Day），书中讲述了一个黑人小男孩在下雪后探索社区的故事。
沃尔特女士了解到，林登·B·约翰逊（Lyndon B. Johnson）总统领导下的联邦政府在 1968 年拨款鼓励出版商为像她的学生这样的群体创作更多书籍。最终，她向当地一家出版公司 Ward Ritchie Press 的高管提出了填补这一需求的挑战。
“‘好吧，那你来写吧，’他回答道，”她在 2019 年出版的自传《如此强大的内在：在追求选择、勇气与变革中的生活》（Something Inside So Strong: Life in Pursuit of Choice, Courage and Change）中写道。“我觉得他在推卸责任，并告诉了他。但他坚持这样认为。我勉强同意了。”
在 2022 年。“我写我最了解的事情，”她曾这样说道。
作者：迈克尔·S·罗森瓦尔德 (MICHAEL S. ROSENWALD)
在百货公司鼎盛时期，奥尔加·索弗 (Olga Soffer) 处于活动的中心。
作为布鲁克林富尔顿街购物圣地 Abraham & Straus 的特别活动协调员，索弗女士组织了时尚展、烹饪节及其他旨在吸引顾客的计划。她热爱自己的工作，但十多年后，她开始觉得这份工作比起时髦，更多的是枯燥。
“我不再关心，”她后来写道，“下一个热门单品到底是海军蓝还是深褐色的袜子。”
于是她进入研究生院，成为一名考古学家，并最终在时尚领域开启了原始的“第二幕”，挖掘出关于冰河时代服装以及女性在史前纺织生产中所扮演角色的惊人启示。
“从从事时尚推广的职业转型到考古学确实花了一些时间，但从未感到无聊，”她在为家人和朋友撰写的一本自传中写道。
索弗教授于 6 月 20 日在洛杉矶家中去世，享年 83 岁。她的去世未被广泛报道，由其女儿亚历克斯·比蒂 (Alex Beattie) 确认，但未提供死因。
索弗教授成为全球顶尖的旧石器时代晚期专家之一，她帮助证实了冰河时代人们的衣橱并不像之前认为的那样仅限于动物皮毛。
她的研究表明，他们早在学者认为的时间点前数千年，就已生产出编织布料、绳裙和帽子——以及其他必需品，包括腰带、网袋和篮子。
“她让不可见之物变得可见，”考古学与人类进化教授迈克尔·佩特拉格利亚 (Michael Petraglia) 表示。
在接下来的三十年里，她撰写了 20 多本书，这些书“改变了儿童文学的进程”。儿童图书作家与插画师协会（Ms. Walter 同样参与创建）的创始人林·奥利弗 (Lin Oliver) 在她去世后的悼词中写道。当沃尔特女士与大多数为白人的小学生交谈时，经常被问到一个关于她书的问题：“为什么你不写白人？”她的回答是：“我写我最熟悉的内容。”在她第一本书《沃茨的莉莉：生日发现》(Lillie of Watts: A Birthday Discovery, 1969, 由莱奥诺拉·E·普林斯插画) 中，沃尔特女士讲述了一个住在洛杉矶沃茨社区的害羞女孩的故事——当时该地骚乱已过去四年——她在 11 岁生日那天寻找一只丢失的猫。在续作《沃茨的莉莉跨出巨大一步》(Lillie of Watts Takes a Giant Step, 1971, 由邦尼·海伦·约翰逊插画) 中，莉莉在马尔科姆·X (Malcolm X) 身上发现了一位英雄，并产生了一种新的自我价值感。沃尔特女士利用鲜活的童年回忆撰写了《泰的一人乐队》(Ty’s One-Man Band, 1980, 由玛格特·汤姆斯插画)，讲述了一个男孩遇到一名流动残障人士的故事，后者用洗衣板、汤勺、水桶和梳子演奏音乐给他人带来快乐。《柯库斯评论》(Kirkus Reviews) 指出，书中的文字“充满了节奏感：独腿男人行走的敲击声、货运火车的经过声、手指的敲击声和脚步的跺击声”。1983 年，歌手卢·劳尔斯 (Lou Rawls) 在 PBS 系列节目《阅读彩虹》(Reading Rainbow) 的一集中大声朗读了这个故事。沃尔特女士 1986 年出版的关于男孩与其祖父关系的书籍《贾斯汀和世界上最好的饼干》(Justin and the Best Biscuits in the World, 由凯瑟琳·斯托克插画) 获得了美国图书馆协会颁发的科蕾塔·斯科特·金奖。沃尔特女士凭借《因为我们在》(Because We Are, 1983)、《麻烦之子》(Trouble’s Child, 1985) 以及探讨该州种族正义斗争的非虚构书籍《密西西比挑战》(Mississippi Challenge, 1992) 成为该奖项的入围者。曾为沃尔特女士插画过四本书的帕特·卡明斯 (Pat Cummings)，包括讲述一个男孩帮照顾小妹妹的《妈妈需要我》(My Mama Needs Me, 1983)，对此深表钦佩。
在澳大利亚格里菲斯大学的一位教授在一次采访中表示：“她确实改变了该领域的面貌。这是考古学和人类学的一次巨大损失。”
索费尔教授的突破性发现发生在 20 世纪 90 年代，当时她筛选了数千块可追溯至 26,000 年前的烧制黏土碎片，这些碎片是从现今捷克共和国的定居点中挖掘出来的。在放大镜下，她注意到了那些模糊的平行线
一位合作者说道。
决定重新分析在欧洲发现的维纳斯小像，寻找可能在之前的研究中被遗漏的服装证据（她喜欢指出，那些研究在很大程度上是由男性完成的）。
果然，她和她的合作者发现了刻画帽子、裙子、腰带和胸前衣物的细节。由于在随后的社会中，女性是主要的工艺制作者，索弗教授（Professor Soffer）得出结论，她们在史前时代可能也扮演了同样的角色。
“女性不仅仅是为了繁衍而存在，”她在 2000 年告诉《科学美国人》。“她们也积极参与生产，就像在我们所知道的任何一个社会中女性所做的那样。”
此外，网具可能赋予了女性协助狩猎的能力，尤其是狩猎兔子这样的小动物。
“生活不仅仅由石制矛头定义，”她在 2012 年告诉《时报》。“这让我们摆脱了海明威式的、超级大男子主义的东西。”
奥尔加·亚历山德罗夫娜·沙布宁（Olga Aleksandrovna Shabunin）于 1942 年 9 月 9 日出生在贝尔格莱德，那是第二次世界大战期间纳粹占领下的南斯拉夫首都。她的父亲亚历山大·沙布宁（Alexander Shabunin）是一名拥有出租房产的加拿大移民；她的母亲加琳娜·沙布宁（Galina (Girs) Shabunin）是一名行政助理。
爆炸声贯穿了奥尔加的童年。她后来写道，家里的房子“距离旧贝尔格莱德中央火车站大约五个街区——那个位置在战争期间反复遭到轰炸，起初是轴心国，随后是同盟国”。
在她还是婴儿时，父母将她送到位于韦利基·贝切雷克（Veliki Beckerek，现名为兹雷尼亚宁 Zrenjanin）的外祖父母家生活，那是一个位于贝尔格莱德以北约 50 英里的乡村城市。
丹佛邮报，经由盖蒂图片社
他们。镇上唯一的图书馆禁止黑人居民进入。
1940 年高中毕业后，她进入巴吞鲁日的南方大学就读，主修英语。由于资金短缺，她有时会连续几天挨饿。她休学一年在华盛顿州的温哥华造船厂工作，以赚取足够的钱完成大学学业，并于 1944 年毕业。
获得学士学位后，她搬到了洛杉矶。在被拒绝担任教师后，她被一家洗衣店雇佣为销售员，随后成为洛杉矶统一学区的一名职员。
1947 年，她与厄尔·沃尔特（Earl Walter）结婚，后者是一名社会工作者，后来成为了种族平等大会（CORE）洛杉矶分会的主席。
年级。在她抵达后不久，纳粹占领了这座城市，并将他们送往劳改营。
“我的祖母曾告诉我，因为我长得非常金发且具有典型的雅利安面孔，我很受营地指挥官的欢迎，因为我表面上看起来像他在德国老家的女儿，”她写道。“祖母告诉我，他经常在晚餐时间带我去军官食堂，让我吃一些像样的食物并取暖。”
回到贝尔格莱德后，她的父亲失去了加拿大国籍并被入狱。战争结束后，他获释。
1955年，全家移民美国，定居在布鲁克林，奥尔加的父亲在那里组装百叶窗，她的母亲则担任裁缝。
高中毕业后，奥尔加进入曼哈顿的亨特学院学习，主修政治学。她于1965年毕业，第一份工作是在亚伯拉罕-施特劳斯公司（Abraham & Straus）。
“接下来的，”她写道，“是在一份有趣且光鲜的工作中度过的岁月，在那里我发现并推广时尚趋势，并想尽一切办法利用时尚吸引顾客进店。”
最终，在感到心不在焉之后，她进入亨特学院读研究生，在晚上修读艺术史课程。渐渐地，她转向古人类学和民族志，沉浸在其他时代和文化之中。
她在1975年获得了人类学硕士学位，随后进入纽约市立大学的博士项目。她的博士论文探讨的是东欧的史前考古学。
起初，这次职业转型让她的朋友们感到困惑。
“就像是，‘等等，你在干什么？’”玛西娅·赫维茨（Marcia Hurwitz）在一次采访中说道。她曾是亚伯拉罕-施特劳斯的同事，也是终身好友，后来成为一名好莱坞经纪人。
“但最终这变得合理了。她在生活中追求更多——我们都一样。她始终比从事时尚行业要更加进化。”
索费教授曾在亨特学院、雷曼学院和威斯康星大学密尔沃基分校任教，随后于1985年加入伊利诺伊大学。
在转向史前时尚研究之前，她在俄罗斯和乌克兰进行了遗址挖掘——对于一个来自美国的人，尤其是女性来说，这是一项艰巨的任务。
“她必须与在该领域占据绝对主导地位的苏联年长男性共事，”佩特拉格利亚教授说。“需要一个非常特别且坚定的人才能做到这一点。她非常了不起。”
她与高中历史教师马克·索费（Mark Soffer）的婚姻结束了。
（图片说明：她的第一本书于1969年出版，见左上。她的1986年著作获得了美国图书馆协会颁发的科雷塔·斯科特·金奖。）
（图片说明：奥尔加·索费正在检查一个在欧洲发现的维纳斯雕像，她意识到该雕像被雕刻成描绘辫子和编织篮的样子。）
她还活跃于会议种族平等组织（CORE），她和沃尔特先生曾是一个综合性CORE团队的成员，该团队测试对《昂鲁民权法》（Unruh Civil Rights Act）的遵守情况。加州议会于1959年颁布该法案，旨在禁止企业（包括酒店和汽车旅馆）进行种族歧视。
沃尔特夫妇会尝试为自己和两个儿子预订汽车旅馆房间。如果被告知没有空房，一个白人家庭随后会跟着他们请求房间，并且通常能订到。
“后来，我们将调查结果提交给业主，并与他们谈判以改变其政策，”沃尔特女士在她的回忆录中写道。“《昂鲁法》使我们能够对那些不遵守政策的人采取法律行动。”
沃尔特先生于1965年去世。除孙子外，沃尔特女士留下了儿子克雷格（Craig）、一个孙女和四个曾孙。
1952年，在获得洛杉矶加州州立大学的教师资格证后，沃尔特女士开始教授幼儿园。在她撰写《沃茨的莉莉》（Lillie of Watts）时，她已经为《洛杉矶时报》贡献了多篇书评和散文。
她在1970年从教学岗位退休，随后搬到了丹佛。
她在那里担任教育顾问。她还协助创办了东北女性中心（Northeast Women’s Center），旨在为女性提供培训并安置工作，以及一个名为“科罗拉多黑人女性政治行动”（Colorado Black Women for Political Action）的非营利组织。1976年，她还获得了安提奥克大学（Antioch College）附属机构的硕士学位。她于 1996年入选科罗拉多女性名人堂。
尽管遭遇了一些拒绝，但她依然坚持写作。
“她不属于那种从青少年时期起就一直写作的人，”编辑过她许多书籍的芭芭拉·拉利基（Barbara Lalicki）说道，“但她察觉到了某种需求，并证明自己擅长于此。”
沃尔特女士的一部青少年小说《外面的女孩》（The Girl on the Outside，1982年）是对 1957年阿肯色州小石城中央高中暴力整合事件的虚构叙述。主角是两名 teenage 少女——一名是白人，另一名则是九位黑人学生之一，他们在获得美国陆军部队的保护之前，面对的是愤怒的暴徒和阿肯色州国民警卫队。
鉴于她的经历，与角色共情并不困难。她深知成为种族主义目标的感受。
“很难理解为什么我们会如此无缘无故地被憎恨，”她在回忆录中写道，“我们一次又一次被告知，‘在主中要刚强’。我们的武器就是我们安静的力量，以及确保我们团结一致以生存。”
BILL WIEGAND / UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
1979年离婚。同年，她与诗人兼翻译家德米特里·V·博比舍夫（Dmitry V. Bobyshev）结婚；两人于 1991年离婚。
除了她第一段婚姻的女儿比蒂（Beattie）女士外，她还留下了两个孙辈。
索弗教授（Professor Soffer）的研究在媒体上得到了广泛（且有趣）的报道。
1999年《时报》的一篇标题写道：“晚装选皮草，布料是石器时代的备选。”
在介绍关于索弗教授的环节时，《夜线》（Nightline）主持人克里斯·布里（Chris Bury）说道：“今晚，真正的穴居人高级定制。”
甚至她自己也对此觉得有趣。
“那条裙子简直美极了，”索弗教授在接受《时报》采访时，描述她在一个维纳斯小像上发现的一件小衣物时说道，“尽管这可能需要一定的审美门槛。”
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米斯蒂·科普兰（Misty Copeland）可能是世界上最知名的舞者之一，但她仍有新的领域需要征服：策展。在今年的乔伊斯剧院（Joyce Theater）年度芭蕾舞节上，最近从美国芭蕾舞剧院（American Ballet Theater）退休的科普兰，正主导着为期两周的舞蹈演出，演出阵容涵盖了大量成熟及新锐编舞者的表演者。
“我认为这里的目标不是为芭蕾舞定义一条单一的路径或未来，”她在一次视频采访中说道，“而是要展示芭蕾的未来可以容纳如此多不同的声音、身份、美学和经验，而且它应该像我们的世界一样丰富。”
除了 2017 年她在约翰·F·肯尼迪表演艺术中心与编舞师贾斯汀·佩克（Justin Peck）共同策划的“美国芭蕾舞”（Ballet Across America）之外，这是科普兰第一次组织节日活动。“那次参与程度远不如这次，”她说。
对于将于周二开幕的芭蕾舞节，她与乔伊斯剧院的节目主管丹妮·吉（Danni Gee）以及剧院制作人罗斯·勒克莱尔（Ross LeClair）密切合作。
“在以这种方式进行策展和构建方面，我还是个新手，”科普兰说，“我有宏大的想法，但让他们真正地帮助我将其具体化，才成就了现在的样子。”
吉表示：“这场演出的主题是提升每一个人的地位。它是关于我们所有人的共同参与，而不仅仅是所有非裔美国人或这个那个。”
“我知道这是我想生活在其中的世界，”她补充道，“这也是我想在舞台上看到的世界。”
科普兰的阵容包括巴黎
作者：GIA KOURLAS
“这正是一个完美的出口，能够让我们尝试许多不同的事情，”米斯蒂·科普兰在谈到乔伊斯剧院的芭蕾舞节时说道。
作者：JON PARELES
Domi & JD Beck 是一对速度狂人。他们创作的音乐以浓厚的和声、奇特的节拍和极快的律动为特点，多米·卢娜（Domi Louna）在键盘上飞快地指尖跃动——经常伴随着她的双脚在低音踏板上演奏对位法——而詹姆斯·丹尼斯·贝克（James Denis Beck）则在鼓组上提供极具动感、经过微观解剖般的节奏支撑。
“从 3 岁起，我就喜欢快奏，”多米在一次共同的视频采访中说道，她和贝克一起坐在他们位于达拉斯的家中。她的眼睛化着在舞台上标志性的闪烁、银色、前卫外星风格的妆容。“我不认为我们在刻意追求快。我认为这正是我们真实的样子。而且我们越是试图反抗自己，就像你压抑某些东西时，它最终会反弹并爆发。”
贝克补充道：“我们更愿意拥抱自然而然产生的东西。”
2022, Domi & JD Beck 凭借其名为《Not Tight》（名不副实）的出道专辑引起关注。他们风格迥异的第二张专辑《Who Asked?》于周五发行。“我们留了一段很长的空白期，决定跳进不同的领域，”多米说。
杰森·齐诺曼（JASON ZINOMAN） 论喜剧
她脱颖而出
在她最新的专场中， 既幽默讥诮又正义凛然。
亚莉安娜·格兰德将 减少她的公开露面 并退出一部伦敦音乐剧。
2026年8月4日，星期二 C1
THEA TRAFF 为《纽约时报》供稿
这里有一个冷知识问题：有多少 女性在麦迪逊广场花园（Madison Square Garden）作为主演出演过单口喜剧？在这个场馆里，或许比在流行文化的任何其他地方都更能象征成功。 答案：与在那里结婚的 特拉维斯·凯尔塞的数量相同。 艾米·舒默（Amy Schumer）在十年前打破了这一玻璃天花板，此前她凭借一部热门电影和一部聪明的素描喜剧节目迅速走红，而该节目在深入进行讽刺性性别歧视批评时人气日益高涨。人们经常忘记的是，在她的崛起过程中，显而易见的女性主义幽默让她成为了更大的明星。 她并不是唯一的一个。在舒默售罄花园体育馆门票的几个月前，阿里·翁（Ali Wong）发布了她的突破性单口喜剧《宝贝眼镜蛇》（Baby Cobra），该作品之所以能引起共鸣，部分原因在于它如何讽刺针对女性在育儿方面的双重标准。电视系列剧《萨曼莎·比的全方位报道》（Full Frontal With Samantha Bee）当时刚刚首播。一年后，汉娜·加兹比（Hannah Gadsby）的《娜内特》（Nanette）在纽约首演后立即引起轰动，该作品对厌女症、虐待以及喜剧界在这两方面的共谋进行了愤怒的剖析。
凭借《狮女》及其蓝调项目， 这位 89 岁的演员行程繁忙。
摩根·弗里曼坚称，他仍然不明白人们为何对他声音如此痴迷。这位 89 岁的奥斯卡获奖演员曾为上帝和总统们配音，也是你最喜欢的纪录片导演首选的旁白。他依然对自己的标志性、深沉的男中音所产生的影响不屑一顾。
弗里曼的事业直到晚年才起飞，他已接近九旬，但依然精力充沛。在 Paramount+ 播出的泰勒·谢里丹谍战惊悚剧《狮女》（Lioness）第三季中，他将再次饰演美国国务卿埃德温·马林斯，该剧还由佐伊·索尔达娜和妮可·基德曼主演。弗里曼还认为自己有责任保护蓝调音乐；他是密西西比州克拉克斯代尔一家现场蓝调俱乐部的创始人，并且制作并讲述了一张将于本月发行的蓝调唱片。
他最近接受了《纽约时报》的采访，谈到了他在谢里丹作品世界中的工作、他的声音以及他如何选择项目。为了清晰起见，此次采访经过了编辑和浓缩。
泰勒·谢里丹吸引了长长的一串电影明星加入他的剧集。他的写作中有什么特质让他的剧集如此吸引人？ 他的写作更多地与人类经验相关，在很多情况下，是人们在情感上真正经历的事情。你在《黄石》中看到了很多这一点，实际上在他任何作品中都能看到。而在这里，在《狮女》中，以乔（索尔达娜饰演的角色）为例，他处理的是一个生命经常处于危险边缘的女性。她有孩子和丈夫。她做决定时必须考虑这些因素。描写此类内容需要勇气，而泰勒似乎拥有极大的勇气。
以前并不常见很多电影明星加入集数制的电视剧。为什么现在有这么多人加入？ 集数制电视流媒体提供的工作机会，实际上比进入电影院的电影更多。如果人们可以坐在家里看一些非凡的东西，他们就会这么做。所以，这就是为什么华纳兄弟、派拉蒙和 Hulu 都设立了这些流媒体平台。
在剧中，你在现实生活中地缘政治动荡不安的时期扮演一名政府官员。当现实生活经常映射艺术时，你是否在这个角色中感受到某种责任感？ 我们根本没有尝试去处理当下的地缘政治问题。我们知道人们在看完之后，会根据自己对所见之物的看法及其意义产生某种想法，但就我们的呈现而言，这与当前的局势完全无关。
这部剧充满动作戏，但你的场景发生在作战室中。当你只有房间作为舞台、声音作为工具时，你如何营造紧张感？ 我们不需要营造紧张感。每当出现那种紧张气氛时，是对话在营造紧张感。你与在外的实地团队处理的是生死攸关的局面。因此，就像那样，你将剧本中的内容内化即可。
你在什么时候意识到你的声音是一种如此独特的工具？
评诺兰的《奥德赛》
这部故事的顶尖译者之一埃米莉·威尔逊表示，这部新电影缺乏深度。
作者：NEIL VIGDOR
随着克里斯托弗·诺兰的史诗巨作《奥德赛》在票房上的门票销售额接近 10 亿美元，一名荷马史诗的顶尖译者痛批这部夏季大片是一部宏大而肤浅的电影，背离了古典阐释。
这位学者埃米莉·威尔逊在《伦敦书评》中对诺兰的大银幕改编作品发表看法时称，如果自己写了这部剧本的任何部分，她都会感到“羞愧”。
她对这部今年讨论度最高的电影撰写的一篇 4,000 多字的抨击文章似乎导致该评论网站暂时崩溃，并引发了一场关于商业成功与文学真实性如何平衡的争论。
以下是关于此次争议的要点：
谁是埃米莉·威尔逊？ 2017, 威尔逊成为首位将《奥德赛》从古希腊语翻译成英语的女性。这一译本因其全面性、感知的现代性以及对荷马这部近 3,000 年前诗作的忠实，而在学术界和文学界广受赞誉。
对于 54 岁的威尔逊来说，该项目花费了数年时间才完成。她共出版了四本关于古代文学的书籍，包括 2023 年翻译的《伊利亚特》（荷马的另一部史诗）。
在由 W.W. Norton & Company 出版的《奥德赛》译本中，威尔逊摒弃了男性前任译者所使用的男性化框架。她多次表示，这一决定使她遭受了反对其翻译的男性和极右翼人士的网络骚扰和厌女攻击。
在宣传其大片时，诺兰提到威尔逊的《奥德赛》译本是他的影响来源之一。
作者：JONATHAN ABRAMS
威尔逊是宾夕法尼亚大学古典研究系主任，并因“通过传达古文本与当今时代相关性的作品，将古典文学带给新观众”而被评为 2019 年麦克阿瑟奖获得者。她拥有牛津大学古典文学与哲学学士学位、牛津大学英语文学哲学硕士学位以及耶鲁大学古典学与比较文学博士学位。
威尔逊对克里斯托弗·诺兰改编的《奥德赛》评价如何？ 在电影首映前五天，威尔逊在 7 月 12 日播出的《纽约时报》播客节目“The Daily”中表示，她很“兴奋”能看到这个故事如何在大银幕上展开。
“我的意思是，这将会很令人激动，因为很多可能认为‘哦，古代文学很枯燥’，或者‘不适合我’，或者‘太深奥’的人，随后会意识到，实际上这是一个非常引人入胜的故事，”威尔逊说道。“而且在观看电影的人群中，会有一定比例的人重新翻阅原诗，我认为这太棒了。我非常喜欢这一点。”
当被问及纯粹主义者是否可能对诺兰的艺术选择持有异议时，威尔逊表示，这并不是荷马诗篇第一次被改编为表演作品。
在谈到诺兰时，她表示：“我认为导演探索自己的愿景是完全没问题且合理的。”
但在看完电影后，威尔逊写道，诺兰的改编缺乏许多使原诗伟大的元素。
“关于时间、记忆、历史、战争，或者关于一名战士的光荣回归与其家人、对手、战友、朋友和邻居的生活之间的关系，电影中没有任何令人信服的论述，”她写道。“它缺乏心理、情感、政治和伦理深度。其叙事结构像是在耍花招。剧本写得糟糕透顶。”
威尔逊认为这部电影采用了——
我仍然没有。我只是被告知那样。
你第一次被告知那是多少岁的时候？ 我不知道——80, 75。
这很难令人相信。 不要觉得难以相信。我 50 岁的时候事业甚至还没开始。
当人们说你的声音和语调深沉时，你脑海中在想什么？ “天呐”，我脑海中想的就是这个。“真的吗？非常感谢。”就是这样。除此之外你还能拿它怎么办？
这些年来，为了磨练声音，你有什么具体地做过的事情吗？ 没有。只是尽量清晰地说话。就那样。
形式大于内容。 “这是一个适合全家观看的视听盛宴，就像一场精心准备的独立日烟花表演——而且其叙事和情感深度也与之相当，”她写道。 诺兰的选角选择也受到了威尔逊的批评。 “大多数非白人演员——Zendaya、鲁皮塔·尼永奥、希梅什·帕特尔、科里·安东尼奥·霍金斯、特拉维斯·斯科特——扮演的都是‘黑人好基友’的版本，他们在剧中的唯一作用就是为白人主角提供帮助，”她写道。 周三，威尔逊在Bluesky上对她表达该批评的方式表示遗憾。 “在这篇文章中，我对我关于有色人种（POC）演员用法的那段文字感到遗憾——他们都很出色，但在我看来没有被充分利用（而且为什么希梅什·帕特尔不能扮演奥德修斯呢？），”她写道。“我仍然认为这部电影在很大程度上浪费了强大的演员阵容，但我的表述方式不妥。”
既成事实。
你潜心研究布鲁斯音乐。这对你来说为什么很重要？ 布鲁斯音乐是，No. 1，美国最底层的文化遗产，而这种底层遗产属于这个国家的黑人群体。是我们创造了它。我们抚养它成长——这是布鲁斯和福音音乐——因为很多我们的福音歌手后来去唱布鲁斯了。唱布鲁斯的钱比唱福音歌曲的钱多。两者是密不可分的。我并不是真的坐下来决定这就是我必须做的事情。这更像是一种被赋予我的使命。 有一天我在克拉克斯代尔，几个背包客在街上走，他们想找个能在克拉克斯代尔听布鲁斯音乐的地方，但根本没有。我和我的伙伴决定，这样不行。我们得做点什么。所以，我不能坐在這裡告诉你这是我一生都热爱的事。是这种必要性促使我去做的。
剧本中是否有某个关键元素会让你决定接演？ 如果有人给你提供工作，如果他们同时提供一个令人兴奋的剧本，那是很棒的，但实际上，有两三件事在起作用。他们打算给你多少钱？如果他们给的钱足够多，那么你就会忽略剧本中偶然出现的一些瑕疵。有时你可以提到剧本中一些不太适合你的地方，总的来说，这些是可以解决的。
是否还有什么你没演过但仍然想尝试的角色？ 没有了。我已经快 90 岁了。所以，那些我希望能够扮演的角色，登塞尔·华盛顿会去演。
是什么在驱动你不断创作艺术？ 在这方面我就像克林特·伊斯特伍德一样：不要让那个老头进来。所以，继续工作。如果你能起床且在起床时不会摔倒，那么你只需心怀感激，继续前行。所以，只要我还能工作——只要有人说，“你想演这个角色吗？”，我就一直演。
RYAN GREEN / PARAMOUNT+
宾夕法尼亚大学校董会
上方的古典学者埃米莉·威尔逊是第一位将《奥德赛》翻译成英文的女性。她对克里斯托弗·诺兰这部大获成功的电影发表的刻薄评论——“它缺乏心理、情感、政治和伦理深度”——反过来被一些评论者所批评。
在新一季的《狮子》中，摩根·弗里曼再次饰演美国国务卿埃德温·马林斯（上方及最左侧），与之在一起的是饰演 CIA 官员拜伦·韦斯特菲尔德的迈克尔·凯利。
在那些反对威尔逊的批评并为诺兰辩护的人中，包括小说家乔伊斯·卡罗尔·欧茨（Joyce Carol Oates），她是普林斯顿大学一名退休的人文教授，也是国家图书奖得主。
“是的，她那种轻蔑和傲慢的优越感基调听起来很不和谐，”欧茨在X上写道。“这个人从诺兰的电影中获益匪浅，但她并没有以同事般的风度去反驳对荷马作品的解读，而是使用MAGA追随者的粗鲁语言来攻击一个持有不同观点的人。”
欧茨表示，她原本期望一名翻译员（她将翻译员的角色描述为具有主观性）能更加宽容。
其他学者如何看待这部改编作品？
西奥·纳什（Theo Nash）曾在《石板》（Slate）发表关于《奥德赛》文本历史的论著，他在一篇在线评论中指责威尔逊使用“令人费解的论点”来“剥削”诺兰的最新电影。
该文章标题为：《我是一名古典学者。我和埃米莉·威尔逊看的是同一部〈奥德赛〉电影吗？》
纳什表示，诺兰有权进行他的艺术解读。
“威尔逊在讨论诗歌本身时自然是最出色的：这是她倾注了多年心血的作品，她对其了如指掌，”纳什写道。“但她经常简单地因为诺兰背离原著而对其进行批评，就好像电影制作者的选择本身不是一种解读行为一样。威尔逊在翻译中对文本的严谨关注，在她解读电影时却缺失了，而且诺兰可能对《奥德赛》有新见解的这一想法被否定了。”
丹尼尔·门德尔松（Daniel Mendelsohn）是巴德学院的人文教授，他自己翻译的《奥德赛》于去年由芝加哥大学出版社出版。他在《纽约书评》中写道，这部电影最真实的地方在于其“紧密交织的叙事”，而“受折磨的英雄听起来就像克里斯托弗·诺兰电影中的英雄”。
“无论诺兰对他对这部史诗的终身痴迷程度如何，他仅仅是按照自己的形象重塑了荷马的英雄，就像他将完全不属于荷马的价值观强加在奥德修斯的冒险之旅上一样，”门德尔松写道。
LAUREN SMITH / PARAMOUNT+
其他电影包括一部科幻惊巧剧、一部复仇西部片以及一场彩虹之旅。
对于愿意在订阅流媒体服务的冷门角落中寻找惊喜的类型片影迷来说，现在正是好时机——除了常规的发人深省的剧情片和沉思类的纪录片外，我们还有一部复仇西部片、一部轻快的拜尤（Bayou）惊悚片，以及一部非常具有时代感的科幻惊巧剧。
《快查理》（Fast Charlie，2023） 可在 Netflix 上观看。 皮尔斯·布鲁南和导演菲利普·诺伊斯都曾参与过多部巨大的动作系列电影（布鲁南饰演詹姆斯·邦德，诺伊斯则参与了杰克·瑞安系列），这使得他们在这部简短、轻快、明快的现代黑色电影惊悚片中的合作更具魅力；这部片子感觉像是他们为了好玩而随手创作的，而不是为了利用之前的成功而进行的犬儒式捞金尝试。该片改编自维克多·吉施勒的小说《枪猴》（Gun Monkeys），由布鲁南饰演一名接近退休的黑帮清理人，他的主要工作似乎是照顾临终的老板（詹姆斯·卡恩在他最后一次电影露面中展现出令人动容的脆弱感）——直到一名竞争对手老板追杀他们，迫使这位老杀手重出江湖。布鲁南的口音需要一段时间适应，但这是一种狡黠且迷人的表演，而且在与莫雷娜·巴卡林（饰演一名合伙人那有趣且冷漠的遗孀）的半浪漫副线情节中，他营造出了一种真挚的温暖与甜美感。
《他们称她为死亡》（They Call Her Death，2025） 可在 Amazon Prime Video 上观看。 在这部低预算的、对国内外剥削电影（grindhouse）西部片的戏仿之作中，一名边境寡妇带上她的六轮左轮手枪，开始寻求复仇。该片由潜力新人谢里·里佩尔以坚毅且能引起共鸣的中心表演撑起。奥斯汀·斯内尔——这部电影的编剧、导演、剪辑、摄影及配乐作曲者——营造了一种恰到好处的复古观感，采用胶片拍摄，并融入了不仅是老式西部片，还有 70 年代复仇电影和血腥恐怖片的各种套路。但这不仅仅是简单的致敬；斯内尔设计了极具创意（尽管偶尔令人作呕）的片段，包括一场尤为令人难忘的锤击酷刑场景。他的一些特效相当粗糙，但这正符合他所借鉴的电影风格。在最佳状态下，《他们称她为死亡》参与了老派西部片最擅长的那种夸张的神话塑造。
《荷兰人》（The Dutchman，2026） 可在 Paramount Plus 上观看。 阿米里·巴拉卡 1964 年的一幕剧《荷兰人》是一部强有力的、寓言式的室内剧，讲述了一名黑人男子和一名白人女性在纽约地铁上的相遇，气氛从随意的交谈稳步升级为充满暗示的诱惑，最终演变为情感和肢体暴力。其 1967 年的首次电影改编版基本上是照搬剧本拍摄的；而这个由导演安德烈·盖恩斯（他编写了
在网格的每一行、每一列和每个区域内放置两颗星。任何两颗星不得接触，即使是斜向接触也不行。
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U Q T K O I Q O I T I N G U O I O E L G M N Q K D I G I O E L G T G N Q P E I Q
P E D L I G O L M G L U , I O X Q I W G T G W O Y W - T K Q Q U X D M M Q I I N G O L .
昨日答案：Latino（这些岛屿是巴厘岛、克里特岛、罗德岛、斯凯岛和苏门答腊岛） 谜题由 BEN BASS 设计
往期谜题答案 KenKen
往期谜题答案
（与 Qasim Basir 共同编写的剧本）则更为非正统，不仅更新了时间线和细节，还将原剧作为情节切入点纳入叙事之中。这种做法具有风险，且 Gaines 的结构性技巧并非全部奏效。但这是一种处理既永恒又具特定性的文本的迷人方式，演员们的表现（尤其是饰演核心角色的 André Holland 和 Kate Mara）令人惊艳。
《祝好运，玩得开心，别死掉》(Good Luck, Have Fun, Don’t Die) (2026) 可在 Hulu 上观看。 Gore Verbinski 凭借执导像《加勒比海盗》和《贞子》(The Ring) 这样的大规模、讨好观众的系列电影而名声大噪，但他总是用像《天气预报员》(The Weather Man) 和《疗养院》(A Cure for Wellness) 这样相对古怪的作品来平衡那些高薪之作。他的最新作延续了后者的风格，将末日科幻、时间跳转叙事、角色剧以及对人工智能的恐慌等元素结合在一起，炖成一锅巨大的、充满偏执与惊恐的乱炖，显得格外及时。（这也是一部罕见的现代电影，真正探讨了手机如何垄断我们的注意力，以及这种主导地位带来的短期和长期影响。）Sam Rockwell 饰演一位出人意料的救世主——也许是个英雄，也许是个疯子——表现极佳；而强大的配角阵容（包括 Zazie Beetz, Michael Peña, Haley Lu Richardson 和 Juno Temple）则充满了趣味与活力。
《幸运奶奶》(Lucky Grandma) (2020) 可在 Amazon Prime Video 上观看。 蔡亲 (Tsai Chin) 是亚裔美国电影界的传奇，从 60 年代的《傅满洲》系列电影到《金锁敲门》(The Joy Luck Club) 再到《尚气与十环传奇》，她的身影随处可见，但通常处于配角地位。而在这部充满活力的犯罪喜剧中，她占据了核心位置，饰演片名中的主角。
GOOD DEED ENTERTAINMENT 上图：Pierce Brosnan 在根据 Victor Gischler 小说《枪猴》(Gun Monkeys) 改编的惊悚片《快查理》(Fast Charlie) 中。中图：蔡亲主演由 Sasie Sealy 执导的《幸运奶奶》。下图：《祝好运，玩得开心，别死掉》，一锅煮沸的偏执之作。
编辑：Will Shortz
横向
1 “便捷”的厨房 物品
5 用粘稠物涂抹
11 具有切分节奏的 音乐流派
14 网球中所谓的 “发球机器人”， 本质上是
15 前线的 行动
16 一大笔钱
17 为印度婚礼 挑选潜在礼服时 说的话？
19 巧妙隐藏在 “moldy”中的词
20 某些神枪手
21 古代的 弦乐器
23 Inc.（公司）的替代词
24 一种鲸鱼
27 从印度首都 递送的婚礼盛宴？
31 不受欢迎的 责任
33 骨瘦如柴的
34 紧急订单的 “截止日期”
35 裁缝的一小部分
36 作家 Rand
38 大跃进领导人
前一期谜题答案
C O S T S N A I L A R E A O D O R T E D D Y P U M P M I D I A B A S E I N C A B E A C H B U M P E T E R Y E L L C R O C H E T I C E C R E A M M A K E R A I S L E O O Z E O A F M A T E M I L N E H U R L B O A B E T A B U G L E T R U E C R I M E S H O W S T E A L T H M A L T L A S I K C H I L L I N G E T A S B L O O D E V E R P E L E A G A M E R A R E T R E S E A T E N S N O W
39 获得过三项 美国演员工会奖的 Longoria
40 天球
41 掌权，如 统治者
43 “你说对了！”
44 在一个多彩的 印度教节日期间 结为夫妻？
48 在仅触及表面时 就能留下持久 印象的人
49 北约（NATO）的一部分： 缩写
50 重复时意为 “你明白了大意”
52 偷偷进入
56 夜间神秘的景象
57 例如：“尊敬的 宴会宾客，我们 遗憾地报告 烤饼已经用完了”？
61 比如，触及 表面
62 像物理学家 尼尔斯·玻尔和 天文学家 第谷·布拉赫一样
63 股票市场 揭幕，简称
64 “___ 你做完了吗？”
65 豪华交通工具
66 常见的 健身目标
纵向
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16
17 18 19
20 21 22
23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34
35 36 37 38 39
40 41 42 43
44 45 46 47
48 49
50 51 52 53 54 55
56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63
64 65 66
向下
1 许多物理方程中的 “m”
2 自信的
3 女演员 Polo
4 在棒球中 达成单场四打次（cycle）时 最难击出的球
5 灼烧
6 “___ 运气！”
7 简短的 通讯，缩写
8 包含管理课程的 研究生学位
导演 Sasie Sealy。Chin 饰演的是 Wong 奶奶，一名在纽约市唐人街生活的、独立坚强的 80 岁居民，她意外地拥有了一个装满黑帮资金的大包。Sealy 的导演手法喧闹且时尚，在讽刺独立犯罪电影的陈词滥调与巧妙运用这些元素之间取得了令人振奋的平衡。而且她很幸运地选中了 Chin，后者仅凭最微小的动作就能传达出强硬、悲悯或自觉的幽默感。
Rey
《这就是多萝西！》(2025) 在 Peacock 上串流播放。 这部改编自 L. Frank Baum 的《绿野仙踪》的经典 1939 年电影是史上被剖析最多的电影之一，激发了无数的书籍和纪录片。因此，纪录片导演 Jeffrey McHale 明智地扩大了视野，在这部充满活力的论文电影中，将女主角作为主题，探讨她在舞台和银幕上的多次化身。通过巧妙地穿插各种与“Oz”相关的碎片——无论是广受欢迎的还是被遗忘的（见过 BBC 的竞赛节目《超越彩虹》吗？），以及对几位曾穿上多萝西红宝石鞋的女演员的访谈，《这就是多萝西！》以知识性的灵活性和好奇心，探讨了流行文化的转变、种族认同以及对性少数群体友好的解读。
《秘密购物中心公寓》(2024) 在 Netflix 上观看。 有时一部电影能恰恰实现其标题所承诺的内容，而导演杰里米·沃克曼（Jeremy Workman）的这部纪录片确实如此。它讲述了 2000 年代中期，一群罗德岛州的艺术家如何在普罗维登斯广场购物中心（Providence Place Mall）发现一个隐秘空间——如果你愿意的话，可以称之为“后室”（Backrooms）出现之前的后室——并将其变成了一个临时栖身之所。 通过粗颗粒的档案素材与对这些郊区非法占用者的同期采访交替呈现，沃克曼的电影起初看起来像是一部关于懒散之辈的抢劫电影。但它很快揭示出自己是对士绅化、城市扩张以及谁有权定义什么是艺术（以及艺术的作用）的一次深刻探讨。
12 绿色奶昔
staple
13 投入
18 “小”狄更斯
girl
22 直到此时
24 ___-free (塑料
标签)
25 蒂娜·费伊和艾米·波勒在 “周六夜现场” 中的关系
26 歌手 ___ 戴尔
27 长期担任 霍格沃茨 校长的人
28 点燃
29 漫游
30 优雅的鸟
布莱尔克利夫娱乐 (BRIARCLIFF ENTERTAINMENT)
由 VASU SERALATHAN 设计的谜题
8 / 4 / 26
37 “你说对了！”
42 犬类警告
43 像小天使一样
45 “___ be a real honor”
46 转变
47 饼干，在英国有 一种“裹层”品种
50 亚利桑那州的城市或 县
51 在远处
52 IMDb 或 烂番茄上的 电影信息
53 警察（俚语）
54 电影中标志性的 实验室助手
55 百威啤酒 (Anheuser- Busch) 被称为 “BUD” 的地方
米斯蒂·科普兰（Misty Copeland）于 10 月从美国芭蕾舞剧院的首位黑人女性首席舞者岗位退休。她将为其他艺术家创造机会视为其对舞蹈承担的责任的一部分。
米斯蒂·科普兰
“我所做的一切在某种程度上都与芭蕾舞相关，并将产生不同层面和程度的影响。”
每日线索
这座城市的渡轮系统
是全球规模最大的，
每年服务于 2 个大洲
以及 100 MILLION 人口，
这是一个巨大的渡轮数量。
如需正确答案，请观看今晚的《危险边缘》（JEOPARDY!），或在明天的《时报》此处查看。
晚上 7 点，7 频道
歌剧芭蕾舞星 Guillaume Diop 和 Sae Eun Park 将出演《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《泰伊ส์》；纽约市芭蕾舞团首席舞者 Taylor Stanley 将表演由 Kyle Abraham 和 Andrea Miller 创作的独舞；哈莱姆舞蹈剧场 (Dance Theater of Harlem) 的《火鸟》选段；以及芝加哥 Hubbard Street Dance 的 Shota Miyoshi 表演 Bob Fosse 的《打击乐 IV》。
其中一个目标是展示不同时代的编舞者：最近从舞蹈剧场退休的 Ingrid Silva 和芭蕾舞剧团首席 James Whiteside 将与资深舞者 Alonzo King 一起展示短篇作品。
Copeland 还委约了新秀的首演作品：包括来自亚特兰大的 House 舞编舞 Ilo 的作品，以及美国芭蕾舞剧团 (American Ballet Theater) 成员 Aleisha Walker 的作品。“对我来说，给年轻舞者提供机会真的很重要，”Copeland 说道。
在她结束舞蹈生涯后的生活中，无论是在舞台上还是舞台下，年轻人都成为了她的核心关注点——包括年轻读者。今年秋天，Copeland 将出版一本面向初中生的书，名为《火鸟圆舞曲》。故事设定在一所表演艺术学院，讲述了学生们发现学校具有魔力，而他们的导师秘密地化身为一只火鸟。
“他们在表演艺术学校磨练这些技巧，但他们的艺术就是他们的魔力，”她说。“他们就像小小超级英雄。”
这是她宏大计划的一部分。“我觉得我所做的一切都以某种方式与芭蕾舞相关，并且会产生不同层次和程度的影响，”她说。“我们如何在不同的空间中使用芭蕾舞？”
但首先是 Joyce 艺术节。在最近的一次对话中，Copeland 谈到了这次艺术节以及芭蕾舞在艺术节之外的潜在影响力。以下是该访谈的编辑节选。
你在筹备这次艺术节时是怎么考虑的？ 我是带着在告别演出后的感触进入这次筹备的。我当时在想，这场 A.B.T. 告别演出的意义是什么？起初，我想围绕我对芭蕾舞未来的看法做很多事情。我觉得我不希望我的告别演出仅仅关于我。而所有人都说：“你在做什么？让我们庆祝你的成就，然后为之画上句号吧。”
所以这次活动是你对告别演出想法的延伸？ 所有这些想法在那个时期都在某种程度上显现出来。而这次机会恰好是一个完美的出口，让我能够尝试很多不同的事情。
例如？ 我非常希望将黑人、棕色人种和酷儿艺术家置于中心。我最初的想法是，我们如何将来自不同世界、背景和世代的艺术家聚集在一起？我刚刚和 Ilo [使用 they / them 代词] 吃完午餐跑回家。我真的觉得我已经把他们纳入了我的庇护之下。这对他们来说是一次重大的经历。
你是怎么认识 Ilo 的？ 大概两年前，我在亚特兰大的埃默里大学 (Emory) 做演讲。其中一个亮点是结识了他们的一位明星舞者兼编舞，恰好就是 Ilo，他们展示了其中一部作品。我完全被震撼了。当 Joyce 给我提供这个机会时，他们是我第一个想到的人。
你发现自己现在更倾向于现代芭蕾吗？ 绝对是的。不过 Danni 和 Ross 肯定地推动我不要排除古典作品，因为古典作品是我旅程中非常重要的一部分，而且显然对于古典舞的未来也很重要。但同样重要的是，要找到与表演者气质相契合的合适作品。
舞者们是和你一起选择剧目的吗？ 我们开始时列了一份我想邀请的舞者名单，然后开始分配作品。当然，这行不通！原因有很多。
从物流和时间上看，舞者学习新作品可能会很困难。 确实非常困难，要把分布在世界各地的这些舞者像拼图一样凑在一起。但能让人们有机会表演也是件好事
玩 Wordle 以及更多游戏。
那些对他们有意义的，且他们有表演经验的。
你会花多少时间在排练上？ 有些排练我会参加。但我也不想妨碍他人。我希望人们感受到支持，但我也不想让他们觉得，我不知道，觉得其他什么。我并不是在尝试给出我的见解或反馈。就像是，做你们自己的事。
在这段时间里，你从未制作过一场“米斯蒂·科普兰与朋友们”的演出。这不是你的风格吗？ 我绝对不会做“米斯蒂与朋友们”。我认为这意味着我会成为中心并进行舞蹈，而我绝对不想要那样。我一直在考虑策划一些更广泛的东西，所以它将
不只是舞者；还可以是视觉艺术家，也可以是歌手。 如果我要参与其中，我想扮演一个很小的角色，浅尝辄止。我希望能够利用我的关系和平台来引起人们的关注。我希望能够以不同的方式发挥我的影响力。
你认为自己对舞蹈肩负怎样的责任？ 关键在于创造机会。关键在于创造准入条件。关键在于不仅在我的时代发声，而且我们要如何为下一代铺路？这在我整个职业生涯中一直很重要。我如何继续改变其他社区以及我们国家其他地区人们看待舞蹈的方式？我希望我能改变芭蕾舞准入条件的现状。
你在芭蕾舞剧院（Ballet Theater）的董事会中。你还参与了哪些工作？ 我被指定为他们举办的儿童节目的 ABTKids 主持人。那是一次非常有趣的体验。我的意思是，那里到处都是孩子，对吧？他们在说话、大喊，而且全身心地投入其中。我在一场儿童节目中表演了我的第一段《天鹅湖》。
情况如何？ 我永远不会忘记。主持人解释不同的片段并让大家兴奋起来，然后舞蹈开始。所以孩子们被告知天鹅要来了，我出场了，结果阳台上的一个小女孩开始尖叫： “天鹅在哪里？天鹅在哪里？” 就像认为一只真正的天鹅会登上舞台一样。她太失望了。 [笑] 我当时在想，我的天：如果我能做到这一点……我做到了。
THEA TRAFF 为《纽约时报》供稿
在某些方面，27 岁的 Domi 和 23 岁的 Beck 是一对不太可能的搭档。她是法国人；他来自达拉斯。她受过音乐学院的训练，在舞台上经常使用乐谱；而他则不识谱。但两人自幼就完全沉浸在音乐之中。“我们对生活的唯一真实参考是通过音乐的视角，”Beck 说道。Domi 原名 Domitille Degalle，出生在法国梅斯，2 岁开始学习鼓，一年后转而学习钢琴。尽管她的父亲不是音乐家，但他决心让孩子们拥有一个艺术出口，因此 Domi 每天被要求练习五小时钢琴。Domi 说道，从 3 岁到 15 岁，她没有休息日。“圣诞节没有，生日没有，生病时也没有，”她说。“不，你必须练习。所以到 15 岁时，我大约有 25,000 小时的练习量。我绝不会用任何东西来交换这段经历。尽管这超级辛苦，但我恰恰热爱它。我现在依然热爱。独自练习是你所能做的最宁静的事情。”Domi 5 岁进入法国大南西地区音乐学院，随后就读于巴黎音乐学院。她在青少年时期获得了波士顿伯克利音乐学院的奖学金，来到美国。Beck 5 岁开始弹钢琴。“我意识到我喜欢的不一定是钢琴——而是广义上的音乐，”他说。“而且我精力充沛。我经常和父亲一起踢足球。我就是喜欢快速移动的事物。而鼓正好符合我孩童时期的第一本能。”达拉斯的音乐家们，包括 Erykah Badu 乐队的成员，将这位年轻的鼓手收在麾下。Beck 吸收了爵士、泛克（funk）、灵魂乐、嘻哈和电子舞曲。Domi 和 Beck 在 2018 年相识，并几乎立即开始共同创作。不久，他们开始在 YouTube、Instagram 和 SoundCloud 上大量发布作品。2020 年，在说唱歌手兼制作人 MF Doom 去世后，他们上传了一段由 Doom 2004 年与 Madlib 合作的专辑《Madvillainy》中的歌曲组成的四分钟混编，吸引了数百万次观看。同行音乐家很快注意到了这对组合，乐器制造商也然。他们的素材属于深度音乐极客领域，充满了扩展和弦和复杂的拍号，通常这是一个极小众的市场。但 Domi & JD Beck 凭借青春的魅力、清晰的旋律和讨喜的舞台表现力，跳出了那个刻板印象的圈子。他们获得了录音室合作机会，并作为乐队成员参与演出，值得注意的是与贝斯手及泛克实验者 Thundercat 以及说唱歌手兼乐队领袖 Anderson .Paak 的合作。当 .Paak 与 Bruno Mars 以 Silk Sonic之名合作并试图完成歌曲《Skate》却陷入沮丧时，他们正与 .Paak 在录音室里。“我当时想，‘你们为什么不试着帮我们把这首[脏话]歌曲做出来？’” .Paak 在一次电话采访中说。“你们能做所有那些复杂的东西，但如果来点简单的、合拍的东西（in the pocket）怎么样？”他给了他们一个人声旋律的演示版，而他们则回馈了这首歌的基础框架。“他们帮助构思了蓝图，”.Paak 说。当 .Paak 创办了一家通过历史悠久的 Blue Note Records 发行的定制厂牌时，Domi & JD Beck 是他签下的第一组艺人。“我认为他们非常有魅力，”他说。“我认为他们是那种你只要把他们放在房间里，人们就会被他们的技巧所倾倒的人。他们身上有一种磁石般的东西。”.Paak 请他们为专辑建议可能的合作者，他们给了他一份跨越多代人的愿望清单，将自己置于爵士、嘻哈和扭曲流行乐的交汇点。《Not Tight》中的客串艺人们预示了
这对组合的多方面影响力：爵士键盘大师 Herbie Hancock，说唱歌手 Snoop Dogg 和 Busta Rhymes，独立摇滚音乐人 Mac DeMarco 以及获得麦克阿瑟奖的爵士吉他手 Kurt Rosenwinkel，此外还有 .Paak 和 Thundercat 的亮相。在专辑发行后，Domi 和 JD Beck 进行了为期两年的广泛巡演。在舞台上，他们近距离相对而立，双手双脚在曲调中快速穿梭，清晰可见。那是真正的-
巡演结束后将休息
作者：亚历山德拉·E·佩特里 (ALEXANDRA E. PETRI)
根据一份代表亚莉安娜·格兰德发表的声明，她在9月完成世界巡演后将减少公开露面，理由是“无休止且持续的公众审视”使她需要一次“急需的休息”。
这位 33 岁的歌手目前正在芝加哥进行其“永恒阳光”(Eternal Sunshine) 巡演。其代表在周日表示，在伦敦结束巡演后，她“将退到公众视野之外”。
声明中写道：“她期待完成巡演并在健康、快乐地为之画上圆满句号，随后从面向公众的工作和露面中获得一次应得的休息，正是这些工作导致了无休止且持续的公众审视。”
独立制作公司 Empire Street Productions 在周日的社交媒体声明中确认，格兰德将不再出演斯蒂芬·桑德海姆 (Stephen Sondheim) 的新舞台剧《乔治与公园的星期日》(Sunday in the Park With George)，该剧计划于明年在伦敦巴比肯艺术中心 (Barbican Center) 开演。
Empire Street Productions 表示：“我们知道这一定不是一个容易的决定，她在获得我们完全理解和支持的情况下做出了这个决定。我们祝愿她一切顺利。”
该公司补充说，该剧的制作将按计划继续进行。
格兰德不仅是流行巨星，同时也是一名演员。她面临着关于体重减轻的日益严峻的审视，相关图片和标题在小报和社交媒体上广泛传播。
她于周五发行了第八张录音室专辑《花瓣》(Petal)。在这张专辑中，她将标志性的活泼风格转变为更阴郁、更沉思的基调，显示出她对名声带来的侵入性感到恼怒。
亚莉安娜·格兰德将不再出演音乐剧《乔治与公园的 the Park With George》。
Domi 和 JD Beck 的首张专辑（见上图）邀请了像赫比·汉考克 (Herbie Hancock) 和斯努比狗狗 (Snoop Dogg) 这样的嘉宾出演。下图为 Beck（左）和 Domi 在 2023 年表演的情景。这对组合在网上建立了粉丝群，并将其转化为一阵旋风般的成功。
这一次，是身体的精湛技艺，而非程序化的播放。在歌曲之间，这对组合分享了咯咯笑的、自嘲式的闲聊。他们继续经营社交媒体，其 NPR Tiny Desk 音乐会吸引了 1.800 万 次播放。
随后，他们沉寂了两年。没有社交媒体剪辑，没有演出。他们此前是在巡演和担任伴奏期间零敲碎打地完成了第一张专辑。而这一次，新音乐成了他们唯一的项目。
他们决定制作一张没有大牌嘉宾的专辑。Domi 说：“我们需要弄清楚，‘如果没有其他东西，我们是谁？’”
但 2023 年与荷兰 Metropole Orkest 乐团的巡演让他们领略到了管弦乐器的可能性。他们接受了聘请古典音乐家的想法。
MARIO ANZUONI / 路透社
作者：JOHNNY DIAZ
百老汇音乐剧《哈迪斯城》（Hadestown）与一名原定于下月加入演出的演员分道扬镳，此前该演员在网络视频中发表的关于跨性别者的言论被曝光。
根据该剧上周发布的新闻稿，演员格诺·赛格斯（Geno Segers）原定于 9 月 1 日随全新的主演阵容加入这部托尼奖获奖作品，饰演冥界之神哈迪斯。
但在周日的一份声明中，该剧宣布“《哈迪斯城》的制作人与格诺·赛格斯已达成共识，赛格斯先生将不再加入这部百老汇作品”。
声明中并未给出赛格斯离开的原因。他原定与饰演珀耳塞福涅的安伯·伊曼（Amber Iman）、饰演欧律狄刻的贾斯敏·萨沃伊·布朗（Jasmin Savoy Brown）以及饰演俄耳甫斯的 Kayko 共同主演。
声明补充道：“后续演员阵容将另行公布”。
相关视频似乎在 7 月 30 日他被宣布进入新演员阵容后的某个时间点，从赛格斯的社交媒体账户中被删除或设为了私密。
但在在线戏剧刊物 OnStage Blog 分享的片段中， he comments on the trans community. OnStage Blog 表示，这些片段来自赛格斯的 YouTube 页面。
在一段视频中，赛格斯说道：“我不反对任何人按照自己想要的方式生活，但我反对他们的权利过度超越其他人的权利。这有点不公平。”
他补充道：“我看不到跨性别者变得被压迫或正在被压迫。”
在另一段片段中，赛格斯似乎在批评询问他人首选代词的做法。“如果你问我首选代词是什么，而你对我是一名男性（he / him）这一点没有意识到，那我用 he / him 就很好，你肯定不需要任何帮助。我没穿裙子。”
在同一段视频中，赛格斯将跨性别者比作那些假装自己是服务动物以期获得机票折扣的人。
目前尚不清楚这些视频录制于何时。
赛格斯及其代表未立即回应置评请求。
《哈迪斯城》在百老汇的沃尔特·克尔剧院（Walter Kerr Theater）已演出了 7 年。这部由阿奈丝·米切尔（Anaïs Mitchell）创作、瑞秋·查夫金（Rachel Chavkin）执导的音乐剧，以新奥尔良风格的布鲁斯和爵士乐之声，重新演绎了古老的俄耳甫斯与欧律狄刻的神话及其前往冥界的旅程。2019 年，该剧赢得了包括最佳音乐剧在内的 8 项托尼奖。
根据随《哈迪斯城》新闻稿附带的个人简介，赛格斯是一名歌手和配音艺术家，其职业生涯始于在澳大利亚版《狮子王》中饰演木法沙。他的电视作品包括《黄石》（Yellowstone）、《少狼》（Teen Wolf）和《城堡》（Castle）。
受过训练的音乐家们，增加了对位法的可能性。“作为成长起来的演奏者，我们脑子里一直有个想法，比如‘这在现场是如何表演的？’”贝克（Beck）说道，“我认为那是阻碍我们的原因。”
在巡演期间，他们一直在聆听范围日益广泛的音乐；他们提到了比约克（Björk）、Deerhoof、布莱恩·威尔逊（Brian Wilson）、史蒂夫·赖希（Steve Reich）、斯特拉文斯基（Stravinsky）、朱利叶斯·伊斯特曼（Julius Eastman）、齐柏林飞船（Led Zeppelin）、斯克里亚宾（Scriabin）以及电子双人组 Autechre。
在制作专辑时，他们反复观看了两部让他们深受启发的电影：斯坦利·库布里克（Stanley Kubrick）的《巴里·林登》（Barry Lyndon）和黑泽明（Akira Kurosawa）的《梦》（Dreams），这两部电影都影响了他们新专辑封面和视频剪辑的土色调配色。他们心中已经构思了一个电影故事。
ARTURO HOLMES / GETTY IMAGES FOR GQ
拥有这张专辑——但没有相应的预算。他们没完没了地打磨细节。每位管弦乐手都在他们的小型家庭工作室中单独录制，Domi 说，“他们都说这是有史以来最困难的部分。但他们非常投入，因为这极具挑战性。”
“我们花了两年的时间，”Domi 说。“第一年很美好。我们完成了创作，完成了各自部分的演奏。我们觉得进度恰到好处，而且我们以一种有趣的方式投入了全部心血，你懂吗？而第二年则异常艰难。我们遇到了所有可能的困难，比如组织协调以及必须逐一录制管弦乐团。这花掉了我们 110 小时。”
“还有 300 小时的混音时间，”Beck 补充道。“我们不想再次陷入那种孤独。两年时间一直钻研同一件事，每天 12 小时，不与任何人见面，那真的——是的，我不喜欢那样。”
除了三首器乐曲目外，《Who Asked?》中的歌曲均有歌词，并具有鲜明的流行音乐结构：主歌、副歌、桥接段。“我发誓，这张唱片里的歌曲给我们感觉更慢了，”Beck 说。但它们在每一个层面上都充满了对位法。Domi 和 Beck 经常唱着同步且交错的旋律线，而这些旋律线又与来自键盘、木管、弦乐等乐器的点描主义动机相交织。与此同时，Beck 的鼓点在复杂室内流行乐的架构中敲击出瞬息万变的交叉节奏，且时不时会出现一段即兴发挥。
新专辑的歌词远没有在《Not Tight》中那么随性。潜在的故事并不明显，但歌曲思考了创造力、人类联系、改变、希望以及不可避免的时间流逝。在《Growing Older》中，Domi 和 Beck 唱道：“日子层叠地消失在视线之外 / 青春之姿如转瞬即逝的光。”
而在《Climbing High》——这张专辑中最后的一首有词歌曲中，他们以唱出“面对开放的 / 结局 / 问题 / 答案”而告终。
“我们在结束这张唱片时，感到兴奋并对更多可能、下一张、再下一张充满希望，”Domi 说。“让我们继续前进。”
JAKE DOCKINS 为《纽约时报》撰稿
Geno Segers 在 2019 年。 他原计划于下月加入百老汇制作。
JASON ZINOMAN 论喜剧 在女性主义单口喜剧中，她脱颖而出
喜剧界有着悠久且根深蒂固的性别歧视历史，但在 2016 和 2017 年这一时期——大约在首位女总统的预言与 #MeToo 运动的清算之间——现在看来像是顶尖女性主义单口喜剧的商业最高峰。而现在回想起来，那感觉像是在很久以前。尽管在第一个 特朗普 政府时期，最具影响力的 Netflix 特别节目是《Nanette》，但该流媒体在第二任政府期间加倍押注于“男性圈”（manosphere），发布了 Tony Hinchcliffe 的数小时节目（以及三场不同的《Kill Tony》特别节目）和 Andrew Schulz 的节目。如今，关于性别平等的话题已不如以往那么常见，取而代之的是关于谁能成为左翼的 Joe Rogan。与此同时，在男性主导体育馆规模的喜剧演出时，今年 Netflix 的特别节目中仅有四分之一由女性出演，尽管与过去相比，如今有许多女性喜剧演员正处于繁荣期，包括 Nikki Glaser、Leanne Morgan 和 Wanda Sykes。
现在正是 Mary Beth Barone 脱颖而出的完美时刻。这位 35 岁的喜剧演员正在崛起，她那尖锐、冷幽默且巧妙切入时事的风格，长期以来一直关注女性在单口喜剧中所面临的重重障碍。在她的首场特别节目《Thought Provoking》中，她用一句讽刺的俏皮话，暗示了像 Schumer、Gadsby 和 Lena Dunham 等艺术家所经历的那种剧烈反弹。“在喜剧界当女人太有趣了，”她说，“因为你的目标就是变得如此成功，以至于成为全世界最被讨厌的人。”
Barone 的新续作《Galaxy Brain》（在 Netflix 上线）则更具暗黑讽刺意味，这是一个令人愉悦且带刺的一小时节目，既冷峻又正义。她带着“快乐战士”般的微笑，反讽那个为她提供流媒体平台的机构，称女性很难获得 Netflix 的特别节目，随后开玩笑说：“我不得不和那里的很多高管发生关系。”接着她回忆起在听到 Netflix 试图收购华纳兄弟（该潜在交易随后被否决）时的焦虑。“现在我得去讨好那些兄弟们了？”她装傻地问，“那里有多少人？”这段表演通过顺应性别歧视的假设来嘲讽这种关于女性成功的偏见。
她悲观的视角在笑话中显而易见，并融入在她那冷漠的人设中。你可以从她毫无感情的讲述中看出这一点。这不仅仅是面无表情，而是内心已死。Barone 在十年前进入喜剧界，在最近接受 Vulture 采访时表示，Schumer 的作品（以及像《Broad City》这样的节目）对她产生了深远影响。她将观察类幽默与涉及历史和约会的笑话结合在一起。（“随意性行为就像宗教。如果它是真的就太酷了。”）她通过一个被环境、期待和自我厌恶所困住的女性形象，间接地表达了一些最犀利的政治观点。
在 Amazon 系列剧《Overcompensating》中，你也能看到类似的特质，她在剧中富有同情心地扮演了一个看似典型的受欢迎女孩，该剧由 Benito Skinner 主演，两人还共同合作了一个热门播客。这个充满俏皮气息的新一小时节目，既唤起了十年前那些粗俗且讨喜的女性主义政治喜剧，同时也反映了
NETFLIX
Ninajirachi 和 Porter Robinson 创造了一个不寻常的叙述者，而 Lindsay Lou 则组建了一支全星阵容团队。
Shaboozey 7 月在洛杉矶的 El Rey 剧院，与 Kehlani 共同演唱《Bullets & Blades》，这首歌出自他的新专辑《The Outlaw Cherie Lee & Other Western Tales》。
上方，Mary Beth Barone 在其 Netflix 新喜剧特辑《Galaxy Brain》中。 上方，Barone（最左侧）在亚马逊系列剧集《Overcompensating》中。
作者：JON PARELES
新曲推荐
Ariana Grande，《Petal》 Ariana Grande 新专辑的同名主打歌《Petal》具有极强的元叙事色彩。“人们说艺术家需要眼泪才能再次写作，”她唱道，“因为我所有最喜欢的故事都以灾难结尾。”但她也意识到“我几乎被我的福分淹没了”。编曲是对复古灵魂乐的一种空洞且带有沙哑感的摹写，低音部分的爆发感在 Grande 的嗓音之下起伏。这种“痛苦艺术家”的范式依然存在，且比以往任何时候都更自觉。
Ninajirachi 和 Porter Robinson，《WannaCry》 2017 年，一种名为 WannaCry 的勒索软件病毒锁定了全球数十万台计算机。澳大利亚词曲作者兼制作人 Ninajirachi（其 2025 年专辑《I Love My Computer》兴致盎然地探索了数字原住民的生活）与电子音乐制作人 Porter Robinson 合作的一首歌，将该病毒设定为叙述者。“我无处不在 / 穿过每一道毫无防备的门，”Ninajirachi 欢快地唱道，随后补充道，“我想哭，我想更多次地自我复制。”迷幻的四拍子舞曲节奏和哔哔作响的合成器钩子捕捉到了病毒自动化的决心。这首歌在当前关于最新 AI 模型互相攻击的新闻背景下恰逢其时。
Shaboozey 协作 Kehlani，《Bullets & Blades》 在出自新专辑《The Outlaw Cherie Lee & Other Western Tales》的《Bullets & Blades》中，Shaboozey 忧郁的男中音充满了慰藉。在管弦乐团在后方渐强起伏的华尔兹舞曲中，他向 Kehlani 保证，他看到了“充满痛苦的过去”留下的伤疤，但“我喜欢它们在你脸上的样子”；而她则恳请道：“说服我，我的丑陋也是美丽的。”这是一首献给所有创伤幸存者的歌曲。
Francisca Valenzuela，《Maldita》 《Maldita》（意为“被诅咒的”）是智利词曲作者 Francisca Valenzuela 新专辑的同名主打歌，她也是旨在推广拉丁音乐女性的 Ruidosa Fest 节的创始人。这张专辑直截了当地地探讨了她成为新母亲第一年里的起伏。在《Maldita》中，她与产后抑郁症作斗争，咒骂自己的孤立感和孤独感——起初由如同朋克和弦般落下的单钢琴音符铺垫，随后在弦乐的陪伴下构建成全和谐的副歌，但最终回到了低保真且孤独的状态。
Lindsay Lou，《I’ve Endured》 《I’ve Endured》是一首由 Ola Belle Reed 创作的经典蓝草标准曲，后者于 20 世纪 40 年代开始演出。这是一首关于艰苦的山区生活的追忆，并提出了一个开放式问题：“一个人能忍耐多久？”这首歌将收录在吉他手兼歌手 Lindsay Lou 的《Bluegrass Women》专辑中。这张全星阵容专辑将于 8 月 14 日发行，汇聚了许多精通弦乐队乐器的女性。在《I’ve Endured》中，Lou 与 Sarah Jarosz（演奏八度曼陀林）和 Emma Rose（演奏贝斯）共同献唱，并由
亚马逊 Prime 视频 (AMAZON PRIME VIDEO)
这种政治氛围与悲观情绪在当下非常盛行。她身着一件闪闪发光、仿佛准备参加舞会的礼服，开场时她凝视着后台的镜子，镜中的她被口红写上了“荡妇”一词。这是一个阴暗的开场。
许多喜剧演员努力让自己赢得观众的喜爱，但巴隆（Barone）——她在共和党家庭长大，现在是一名民主社会主义者——在向观众传达她讨厌自己时，可能会显得有些过头。表面上，她显得冷静且得体。但凭借一种近乎强迫性的自我意识，她不断向你展示潜藏在底下的恐慌。
在《银河大脑》（Galaxy Brain）的开头，巴隆提到 Netflix 告诉她，她必须在开场前三分钟内获得观众的好感，因为大多数人在那个时间点选择放弃观看特辑。
Sierra Hull 演奏曼陀林，Brittany Haas（来自 Punch Brothers 乐队）演奏小提琴，Allison de Groot 演奏班卓琴。她们的和谐共鸣本身就是一种含蓄的团结声明。
Nu Jazz，《在我的城市》（In My City） 撕裂般的硬核人声、爵士节奏、数学摇滚模式和电子循环，共同构成了 Nu Jazz 的音乐基调。这是一个来自纽约市的六人组，成员包括来自 Deli Girls、Wrens 和 Narcotix 的音乐人。新专辑《Un Jazz》中的《在我的城市》迅速且猛烈地营造出一种近乎难以忍受的压力，在嘈杂的人声和乐器线条背后是疾驰的节拍，其目的性和紧凑感就像最拥挤的城市十字路口。
像 Jena Friedman 和 Michelle Wolf 这样的单口喜剧演员，曾就女性面临的“好感度预期”创作过深刻的喜剧。巴隆则以一种自我嘲讽的荒诞感来探讨这个主题，她提出自己应保持完全沉默，因为沉默是女性获得男性认可的唯一途径。在解释她将哪些段子发布在网上，而将哪些保留在相对安全的全球流媒体服务平台时，她说你必须预判舆论。观察当下的舆论，你会看到“男性圈”（manosphere）播客的崛起；像马克·扎克伯格（Mark Zuckerberg）这样的硅谷巨头对“男性能量”的崇拜；以及一位曾告诉女性记者要微笑或保持“安静，小猪”的总统。对于探讨当下的女性主义喜剧来说，这是一个目标丰富的环境。巴隆表示，她正在创作一个关于 #MeToo 运动反弹的新小时专场。
她的名气是否已经足够大到能在最大的喜剧场馆演出还不得而知。如今，喜剧演员被邀请在体育场演出比以往任何时候都更常见。过去三年中，有 12 位演员在麦迪逊广场花园举行了主演演出。作为一种实力展示，约翰·穆拉尼（John Mulaney）刚刚宣布了一系列 1 月份在纽约的演出，包括在卡内基音乐厅、无线电城音乐厅以及在广场花园连续三晚的演出。今年夏天，Shane Gillis 在费城为近 74,000 人讲笑话，打破了单口喜剧演出门票销售最高记录。你不需要成为喜剧俱乐部的门槛主义者也知道，林肯金融场并不是讲笑话的理想空间。但这确实能带来丰厚的报酬——并传递一种声明。单口喜剧最高层的性别不平等影响了成功定义的形态。像 Kevin Hart 和 Nate 这样能填满体育场的男性喜剧演员……
Bargatze，积累影响力，以及为他人提供平台的工作机会。在最近的一场演出中，喜剧演员克里斯·弗莱明（Chris Fleming）讽刺地说道：“喜剧界的统治阶级看起来就像那种会在中学给你掐乳头的人，这难道不伟大吗？”玛丽·贝丝·巴罗内（Mary Beth Barone）尚未进入单口喜剧的统治阶级，但她展现出了能让她达到那个地位的野心和直觉。在 2025 年，她给当时的市长候选人佐兰·马姆达尼（Zohran Mamdani）发了一条私信，邀请他参加她在布鲁克林贝尔屋（Bell House）的一场演出。他同意了。“政治家都是骗子，所以我们怎么能相信这些事情是可以实现的？”在谈到他的竞选承诺时，她这样问他。这部 Netflix 特辑具有一种奇观感。导演凯·纽曼（Ky Newman）将巴罗内置于一个看起来像乡村天空、星光闪烁的背景前。在关于随意性行为和两类白人父亲的笑话之间，她坦言自己曾考虑竞选市长。她最终决定放弃，但她在这一小时的演出结尾处发起了一场草根女性运动，以赢得下次选举。第 1 步：在约会软件上，停止向政治立场较为保守的男性右划。“我计算过了，”她说，“如果每一个女性都与大约 1,000 名温和派发生性关系”——巴罗内停顿了一下，用力握紧拳头，露出了全场看起来最痴迷的微笑——“我们或许能赢！”
Shearwater 的伴奏是一段宁静、缓慢演进的极简主义群体即兴演奏，带有重复且重叠的钢琴线条和低沉哀婉的单簧管。它暗示了预感与接纳。
器乐音乐新动态
Arca, ‘Syncope’ 《XXXXX》是 Arca 自 2022 年的“Kick”系列以来的首张专辑，这是一本声音设计灵感的素描本，与清晰的歌曲相去甚远。但这并未减轻诸如《Syncope》（得名于晕厥的医学术语）等曲目的冲击力——建议通过耳机或轰鸣的俱乐部扬声器聆听。该曲目利用了本能但不确定的节奏，并在接近结尾时加入了俯冲的低音线和机关枪般的重音，使整个体验更加震撼。
The Durutti Column, ‘Your Shadow at Morning’ 来自《Renascent》的《Your Shadow at Morning》具有一种临界的细腻感，这是 The Durutti Column 在其吉他手兼主创维尼·赖利（Vini Reilly） 2010 年遭遇一系列中风后的首张专辑。该曲目由赖利与键盘手基尔·斯图尔特（Keir Stewart）共同创作并演奏，是一首挽歌般的、小调的进行曲。斯图尔特在每个节拍上放置一个柔和的和弦，上方则是赖利若隐若现的原声和电吉他——虽有旋律但并非完整的旋律，像零散的记忆一样在混音中飘忽不定。
排行榜新动态
Alyssa Grace, ‘Bloodstream’ 在来自 EP《Spilling My Guts》的曲目《Bloodstream》中，艾莉莎·格雷斯（Alyssa Grace）的声音一次又一次地破碎；该曲目在本周 Hot 100 榜单中排名第 67。19 岁的格雷斯在 TikTok 上积累了受众，她弹奏原声吉他，在关于心碎的歌曲中哀鸣。在《Bloodstream》中，她含泪地唱道，渴望接到一个她无法放手的人的电话，尽管这段关系充满了双方的愤怒。在管弦乐的渐强中，当她宣布“很遗憾我帮不上忙，但我很高兴我挺过来了”时，她唱到了一个高音。但她仍然在“祈求上帝让你跟我说话”。
认识四位刚刚获得享有盛誉的 菲尔兹奖的数学家。
N
科学 医学 技术 健康
专家们试图弄清楚是什么让《奥德赛》中的那些侦察员陷入如此深沉的昏睡。第 4 页。
引发了对其与攻击性之间联系的质疑。
作者：AZEEN GHORAYSHI
范·奥尼尔（Van O’Neill）在 20 年前开始服用睾酮，此前他一直与慢性疲劳作斗争，而检测结果显示其血液中的该激素水平较低。他表示，虽然睾酮疗法立即提升了他的能量和动力，“但这是有代价的。”
“我觉得身体里像有一个被紧紧卷起的弹簧，”67 岁的奥尼尔先生说。
只需一点小事就能让他崩溃。奥尼尔先生目前正在戒酒恢复期，他回忆起在一次 12 步戒酒会议上发生的一件事：一名成员开玩笑地揉了他的光头。奥尼尔先生猛地跳起来大喊：“永远不要把你的手放在我身上！”他没有打那个人，但对自己如此接近失控感到震惊。
从那时起，奥尼尔先生时而停药，时而继续用药，试图在睾酮带来的益处与事实之间寻找平衡。
结合举重、攀岩 和共同用餐的俱乐部 有助于促进戒酒。
在野火加剧之际， 通过点燃测试房 来帮助挽救社区。
2026 年 8 月 4 日，星期二 D1
KEVIN LAMARQUE / 路透社
龟类是如何进化的？比你想象的要快。
龟类在自己的装甲避难所中活动，适应了陆地和水中的生活，是地球上最长寿的动物之一。它们的解剖结构非常特殊，以至于很难确定它们在生命之树中的位置。它们来自哪里？科学家们非常想知道，谁是它们的共同祖先？
许多古生物学家主张，龟类起源于一种古老的爬行动物——非洲脊背龙（Eunotosaurus africanus），它生活在 260 million 年前，拥有宽阔的肋骨，后来演变成了壳。然而，其他专注于遗传证据的研究表明，龟类实际上与鳄鱼和鸟类更相似，并可能与它们拥有共同的祖先。
“龟类的起源一直是个难啃的硬骨头，”纽约市美国自然历史博物馆的哈维尔·A·詹金斯（Xavier A. Jenkins）表示。
在《当代生物学》（Current Biology）的一项新研究中，詹金斯博士……
LITERALLYMIGUEL (原原龙 Protorosaurus, 帕波壳龟 Pappochelys)；修改自 GAFFNEY (1990)
以及他的同事们表示，他们已经解决了这场长期以来的争论。他们认为，乌龟并非古原龙 (Eunotosaurus) 的遗留物，而是属于一个名为主鳄形类 (archosauromorphs) 的爬行动物群，该类群还包括古鸟、鳄鱼、翼龙和恐龙。而且这一次，研究人员拥有与 DNA 相匹配的解剖学证据。 （上方分别为骨架重建图，从上到下依次为：约 250-260 million 年前的原龙 Protorosaurus；240 million 年前的帕波壳龟 Pappochelys；以及 220 million 年前的原壳龟 Proganochelys。） 当乌龟首次进化时，世界刚刚从二叠纪-三叠纪灭绝事件中恢复，那是地球历史上见过的最大规模的物种大灭绝。爬行动物在盘古超大陆上迅速演化出各种新形态。在 40 million 年内，乌龟将发生剧烈的变化。 SARA NOVAK
跨越时代的发现 在与时间的赛跑中， 又一位潜力选手出现
将蛋糕烘烤成金棕色的化学过程，同样在加速你身体细胞的老化。几十年来，你的组织在 98.6 度的温度下稳定“烘烤”，随着血液中的糖分与蛋白质和脂肪相互作用，缓慢积累被称为先进糖基化终产物（advanced glycation end products，简称 AGEs）的化合物。AGEs 的积累是衰老过程的标志，它使胶原蛋白等组织变得黏稠且僵硬，并引发可能导致心脏病、眼睛损伤、肾脏疾病和糖尿病的炎症。研究人员曾尝试开发能够阻止 AGEs 形成的药物，但未能成功。然而，一项发表在《自然·通讯》(Nature Communications) 上的新研究描述了一种不同的方法：科学家创造了一种酶，可以清除人体组织中最常见的 AGEs 之一，即使在衰老化合物已经在体内沉淀之后，也能帮助拨回时光之钟。这种清理过程可以帮助修复组织，并可能让细胞表现得更年轻。（下方插图显示，紫色的酶正在分解附着在蓝色蛋白质上的棕色衰老相关化学物质。）“这是朝着大方向迈出的一小步，因为衰老非常复杂，”Revel Pharmaceuticals 的创始人兼首席执行官、该研究的第一作者 Aaron Cravens 说道。许多开发衰老治疗方案的努力都集中在细胞上，因为细胞会逐渐失去自我修复和正确分裂的能力。而对于像胶原蛋白这样长寿组织结构的老化，关注较少。科学家们几十年来一直意识到先进糖基化终产物及其在衰老中的作用。“它像铁锈一样在组织蛋白质上积累，”退休生物化学家 John Baynes 说道，他未参与此项研究，但其职业生涯一直致力于在南卡罗来纳大学弗洛伊德医学院研究 AGEs。但研究人员在创建抑制产生 AGEs 化学反应的药物方面没有成功。Cravens 博士及其同事的研究始于一个假设：既然所有人体组织在死后都能被回收进入生物圈，那么一定有一种自然方法可以溶解这些化合物，尽管它们极其耐用。为了确定该过程，他们研究了微生物内部的酶——即分解媒介。该团队利用人工智能分析了 50,000 种微生物的 DNA 序列，并计算出每段遗传代码将创建的酶结构。随后，他们将结果缩小到几个似乎能够从人体组织中切除 AGEs 的候选者。他们最终找到了一个，并对其进行了工程化改造以提高效率。这种被称为 CMLase 的新型酶，在清除人体组织样本中的 AGEs 方面表现非常出色。
“在最极端的情况下，我们采用了 70 岁的人类皮肤，并将其水平恢复到了 30 岁时的状态，”Cravens 博士说。 K. R. CALLAWAY
REVEL PHARMACEUTICALS
宇宙美食 这颗恒星刚刚吞噬了一颗行星， 但它仍然有点饿
根据两项新研究，一颗距离地球约 1,300 光年的恒星显示出其已经吞噬了一颗行星的迹象——并且现在正准备进行第二次“进食”。对于许多行星来说，有一天被自己的恒星吞噬，然后慢慢融化为其组成元素，是它们的宇宙宿命。这种被称为“行星吞噬”的过程注定会在我们的太阳系中发生。在数十亿年后，当太阳膨胀进入红巨星阶段时，它将吞没水星、金星，甚至可能是地球。目前，天文学家可以在其他地方看到行星吞噬的例子，因为这一过程会留下元素线索，这些线索会印在恒星的光芒中，就像宇宙中的面包屑一样。这就是他们在名为 TOI-5882 的饥饿恒星身上看到的：它正闪耀着一个可能曾经是行星的、已被半消化的残骸的光芒。
根据《天体物理学杂志》的一项研究，该行星可能是被它的邻居——一个围绕同一颗恒星运行的被称为棕矮星的天体——推向了这种命运。（左图为 TOI-5882 和该棕矮星的艺术构想图。）这颗棕矮星的质量是木星的 22 倍，可以轻易干扰邻近行星的轨道。但根据研究，它最终也会遭到报应，不可避免地被其恒星吞噬，且时间可能比预期更早。TOI-5882 的质量比太阳大约高出 30 ％，去年它引起天文学家关注的部分原因是其轨道上的棕矮星。这个被称为 TOI-5882-b 的巨大天体离恒星非常近，每周绕行一周，这种距离保证了它在未来将被吞噬。但当天文学家仔细观察时，他们发现 TOI-5882 的星光中显示出高含量的锂，这种元素在行星中的含量远高于恒星。
是否已经有一颗行星在此屈服？科学家在许多恒星中发现了锂和其他行星成分的迹象，暗示它们过去可能吃过行星。威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的天文学与物理学助理教授、两项研究的作者之一梅林达·索雷斯-富塔多（Melinda Soares-Furtado）表示，TOI-5882 正处于演化过程中的一个“黄金时段”，这使得其他解释变得不大可能。BECKY FERREIRA
邓宇 (YU DENG)
四位研究领域涵盖代数几何和偏微分方程等方向的数学家成为了菲尔兹奖的最新获奖者。该奖项每四年授予一次，旨在表彰该领域最优秀的年轻研究人员。
今年的获奖名单于 7 月 23 日在费城举行的国际数学会议上公布。他们解决了前沿问题，其中包括一个看似简单的几何谜题，以及另一个推导出了描述气体运动的基本方程的问题。
获奖者中包括两名在中国出生的人员——芝加哥大学教授邓宇（37 岁）以及纽约大学和法国高等科学研究中心的教授王宏（35 岁）。这是菲尔兹奖获奖群体中首次包含多于一名亚洲数学家的情况。王博士同时也是第三位
王宏 (HONG WANG)
流体动力学
与大多数数学家从事的工作不同，芝加哥大学数学教授邓宇（37 岁）的研究直接探讨宇宙的运行方式。物理学方程通常分为两类。一些方程，如牛顿第二运动定律，描述单个粒子的行为——例如台球相互碰撞。但要计算数十亿或数万亿个粒子的精确相互作用是不可能的。其他方程则提供粒子集体行为的统计近似。早在 1900 年，德国数学家大卫·希尔伯特（David Hilbert）列出了他认为该领域中最大的未解决问题。第 6 号问题宽泛且模糊：从最简单的公理中推导出物理定律。也就是说，如何从单个粒子的运动出发，自下而上地计算整体的统计行为？
希尔伯特博士提供了一个具体的例子：气体。数学家确实证明了他们如何通过逻辑和计算的演进，从基本运动定律中推导出描述粒子密度变化的玻尔兹曼方程。但该推导仅在极短的时间内有效，因此这虽然是一个开始，但还远远不够。
在中国深圳长大的邓博士表示，他在本科期间首次对偏微分方程产生兴趣。他先在北京大学开始学习，随后转学至麻省理工学院，并在那里获得了数学学士学位。但由于他觉得没有足够的数学工具来取得进展，他暂时搁置了偏微分方程。他说，自己在 2018 年左右重新回到这一课题。
2021 年，邓博士与密歇根大学的数学家扎赫尔·哈尼（Zaher Hani）共同完成了波动力学方程的完整推导，该方程描述了诸如湍流之类的现象。随后，他转向研究玻尔兹曼方程。“这在某种程度上与我们过去几年在波动力学湍流理论上所做的工作类似，”邓博士说，“这是一个重大的开放性问题。”
邓博士、哈尼博士以及另一位数学家马肖（Xiao Ma）找到了将这个庞大且复杂的问题分解为更小、可处理部分的办法。2024 年，他们发布了关于从牛顿运动定律推导玻尔兹曼方程的解决方案。在去年的一篇后续论文中，他们声称已经解决了希尔伯特的第六个问题，至少在玻尔兹曼方程方面是这样。
在谈到菲尔兹奖时，邓博士说：“我非常开心，不仅是为了我自己，也因为我所代表的领域得到了显著的认可。”
作者：肯尼斯·张 (KENNETH CHANG)
雅各布·齐默曼 (JACOB TSIMERMAN)
将研究重心转向人工智能
雅各布·齐默曼（Jacob Tsimerman）告诉人们他是一名数论学家，但承认很难解释数论学家具体是做什么的。很快，他就不必为此过多担心了。他正将数学研究的重心转移到人工智能的底层基础，并加入了 OpenAI。
现年 38 岁的齐默曼博士是多伦多大学的数学教授，曾因其在数论方面的工作获得菲尔兹奖。“这其实不在于提供答案，而更多地在于提出问题。”
1637 年，法国数学家皮埃尔·德·费马（Pierre de Fermat）提出了一个看似简单的断言：当 n 是大于 2 的整数，且 a, b 和 c 为正整数时，形式为 $a^n + b^n = c^n$ 的方程没有解。（如果 n 等于 2，该陈述就变成了人们熟知的勾股定理，描述了直角三角形三边长度之间的关系。有很多 a, b 和 c 的整数组合可以满足该方程。）费马写道，他有一个“真正绝妙的证明”来证明他的断言，但由于书页边距不够，无法写下。在接下来的几个世纪里，数学家们一直试图为“费马大定理”找到证明。在 1990 年代，时任普林斯顿大学教授的安德鲁·怀尔斯（Andrew Wiles）最终利用数论的现代进展得出了证明。
“在某种意义上，那是一个随机方程，”齐默曼博士在谈到 $a^n + b^n = c^n$ 时说道，“它很优雅，这就是人们研究它的原因。它有一定的历史。但你可以写出许多像费马定理这样的方程，而其中大多数我们都不知道如何处理。”齐默曼博士表示，这类问题“本质上是美丽的”。
齐默曼博士说，怀尔斯博士用来证明费马大定理的工具“成为了一个非常丰富的数学资源，现在也适用于弦理论和其他领域”。但普林斯顿大学数学教授、齐默曼博士的博士指导教师彼得·萨纳克（Peter Sarnak）表示，对于与费马定理类似的更复杂版本的方程，其整数解的研究仍然“缺乏深入了解”。
2021 年，齐默曼博士与其他数学家共同完成了安德烈-奥特猜想（André-Oort conjecture）的证明。萨纳克博士表示，该工作“是少数几个此类基础问题得以解决的高维设定之一”。
齐默曼博士出生于俄罗斯喀山，他和家人于 1990 年移民到以色列，1996 年移民到加拿大。他于 2011 年获得博士学位，并于 2014 年加入多伦多大学。
他表示，人工智能通过总结论文和起草证明草案，使他的生产力翻了一番。“我认为，在数学实践行为中，它很快将变得比数学家更有能力。”但他也担心人工智能的危险：“我认为人工智能将对社会、对人类构成严重威胁。”
他说，数学家可以帮助为理解 ChatGPT、Gemini、Grok、Claude 等人工智能系统底层的语言大模型如何运作提供理论基础。“这在很大程度上是一种经验主义和工程类的科学，”他说，“如果我们能更好地理解这些东西是如何运作的，我们也许能更好地引导它们，或者更好地理解它们，或者更好地控制它们。”
一名女性将获得菲尔兹奖。另外两名奖项获得者是多伦多大学教授 Jacob Tsimerman，38 岁，以及长岛石溪大学教授 John Pardon，37 岁。该荣誉随附 15,000 加拿大元（约 $10,600）以及一枚刻有古希腊数学家阿基米德头像的金币。
这次大会是规模最大、最负盛名的数学家聚会之一，而此时数学领域正面临来自人工智能的剧烈变革，人工智能迅速获得足以与人类数学家相媲美的能力。
上个月，一名数学家报告称，他和朋友们推翻了一个最早于 1939 年提出的猜想。通过使用 Anthropic 公司的 Fable A.I. 模型，他们在观看世界杯决赛时发现了一个反例。该反例经过验证非常简单，毫无疑问结果是有效的。
大会将包括关于 A.I. 以及其他工具（如证明检查软件）如何改变数学的讨论。
菲尔兹奖获得者之一 Tsimerman 博士甚至正在改变他的研究方向，转而研究 A.I. 系统的数学基础，以便更好地理解其运作方式并帮助避免意外后果。
JOHN PARDON
维度
王珩曾考虑过放弃数学，转而成为一名建筑师。2011年在北京大学获得数学学位毕业后，她前往法国综合理工学院攻读硕士学位，但当时她想：“我不确定自己是否有足够的才华。”在一家建筑师事务所进行为期一个月的工作实习后，她回到了数学领域。“我意识到，从零开始学习建筑同样不容易，”她说道。如今，35岁的王博士是纽约大学和法国高等科学研究所的数学教授。在68位菲尔兹奖获得者中，她是第三位获此殊荣的女性。
王博士最著名的成就是她与现为中国南开大学教授的Joshua Zahl去年在网上发布的一项证明，涉及一个被称为“卡克亚猜想”（Kakeya conjecture）的问题。王博士（出生于中国桂林）说，想象一根针、一支铅笔，或者一根筷子，然后让它旋转。它会扫过多少面积？最显而易见的方法是将它绕中心旋转，扫出一个圆形的形状。但当日本数学家Kakeya在1917年提出这个问题时，他意识到，如果铅笔的中心在旋转时以圆周运动滑动，就可以扫过一个更小的面积。这个形状被称为“三角线”（deltoid），其面积仅为圆的一半。Kakeya好奇：是否还有办法扫过更小的面积？几年后，俄罗斯数学家Abram Besicovitch给出了一个令人惊讶的答案：通过一系列复杂的动作，该面积可以趋近于零。
几十年后，Kakeya问题的一个变体出现在一个看似无关的数学领域：调和分析（研究波动运动，如波）之中。Kakeya最初想象的是一根无限细的针。在变体中，针具有一定的厚度，且其运动并不局限于在二维平面内旋转。这个问题可以用一种更便于数学家处理的方式来重新表述：与其旋转一根针，不如想象一组指向所有可能方向的针。你不能改变针指向的方向，但你可以让它在其他针之间滑动。
“我必须将其想象成一大群细长的管子，”王博士说，就像没煮过的意大利面一样，“然后你想知道它们能够重叠多少。”这些重叠的针（或没煮过的意大利面）的形状可能是一个分形——一种在放大时形状重复的无限复杂图案——因此，它计算出的维度可能是一个分数。但Kakeya猜想指出，在三维空间中指向所有方向的针，其形状的分形维度必须恰好为三。
证明这一点被证明是非常困难的。三十年前，一位数学家证明该形状的维度必须至少为2.5。随后，其他数学家证明其维度略高于此。“它能有多小？”王博士说，“所以目标是证明它不能太小。”王博士和Zahl博士在2022年取得了进展，并在去年证明了Kakeya猜想在三维空间中成立；这些针的分形维度确实是三。至于更高维度，该猜想仍未解决。
加拿大数学家约翰·查尔斯·菲尔兹（John Charles Fields）在 20 世纪 20 年代构思了这些奖章，首批奖章于 1936. 年颁发。在顶级学术荣誉中，这些奖章较为独特，因为它们授予的是处于职业生涯早期的研究者，不仅展示了他们的成就，还展示了他们的潜力。
要具备获奖资格，数学家在获奖当年的 1 月 1 日必须未满 40 岁。由于菲尔兹奖每四年才颁发一次，这种稀缺性增加了其威信——这使得它们在某种程度上类似于奥运奖牌。
另一项数学奖项——阿贝尔奖（Abel Prize），则是模仿诺贝尔奖设立的，旨在表彰终身成就。管理菲尔兹奖的国际数学联盟（International Mathematical Union）在几个月前通知了获奖者，但告知他们需在正式宣布前对此保密。上个月，在黑客发现会议网站上隐藏得并不严密的名单后，这一消息被泄露。
“我的一些朋友祝贺我，说他们猜测这可能是真的，然后想祝贺我，”王博士（Dr. Wang）说道。“但我没有给他们任何确认。”
照片由西蒙斯基金会（SIMONS FOUNDATION）提供
理论之环
约翰·帕登（John Pardon）在他就读于北卡罗来纳州的高中期间发表了他的第一篇数学研究论文。“我的父亲建议我做一个研究项目提交给英特尔科学天才搜索（Intel Science Talent Search），”现年 37 岁的帕登博士在 2022 年加入石溪大学教职时的一次采访中说道。“我发现视觉和空间思考对我来说更容易，因此几何学和拓扑学对我来说自然得多，最终我确定了一个非常具体的几何问题。”在普林斯顿大学就读本科期间，他发表了更多数学论文，其中包括他的第一个重大成果，该成果回答了著名俄法数学家米哈伊尔·格罗莫夫（Mikhael Gromov）在 1983. 年提出的一个问题。那个问题同样具有几何本质，且涉及纽结。对于数学家而言，纽结可以被想象成一段如果不切断绳子就无法解开的绳圈。本质上，
格罗莫夫博士想知道，所有的环，无论多么缠结，是否都能放入一个衡量该环弯曲程度的特定尺度之内。帕登博士证明了它们不能。数学并非他在大学期间修读的唯一一门困难课程。他还精通了中文普通话。“我在大学一年级选课时，听说中文非常难，所以我想要一个挑战，”帕登博士在上个月菲尔兹奖颁奖典礼上播放的一段视频中说道。视频显示他正在考查他的儿子亚历山德罗斯（Alexandros）和安德烈亚斯（Andreas），让他们识别贴在卧室墙上的汉字。“我经常用中文和他们交流，”他说，“我们学习汉字。我给他们读书。我也让他们给我读书。”他回忆道，有一次亚历山德罗斯转向安德烈亚斯，询问他们的父亲是否出生在中国。雅科夫·埃利亚什伯格（Yakov Eliashberg）在帕登博士就读于斯坦福大学攻读博士期间担任其导师，他表示帕登博士最大的成就并不在于证明了某个特定的定理。相反，埃利亚什伯格博士说，伟大的学者是那些能够理清问题背后数学图景的人。“这就是他的能力，”埃利亚什伯格博士说，“这就是他在不同情境下一次又一次能够证明的东西。”
蓝睡莲（Nymphaea caerulea）是奥德修斯部下可能选择的一种植物。
关于食莲者
“奥德赛”中的人们 陷入了迷醉的昏睡？
作者：杰克·特鲁斯代尔 (JACK TRUESDALE)
你一定知道那个故事：在神话中的地中海某处，英雄奥德修斯的侦察员们登岸并食用了一种食物，让他们忘记了想回家的愿望。当奥德修斯找到他们时，他们不愿离开。于是他拖着哭泣的部下回到船上，并将他们绑起来，以免他们再次回到食莲者的土地。这是《奥德赛》中一段奇怪的描写——导演克里斯托弗·诺兰在新上映的电影中对这一主题采取了自己的处理方式——同时也是这部诗篇中最古老的未解之谜之一：食莲者究竟在吃什么？为了探讨哪种植物可能诱发这种著名的昏睡状态，《纽约时报》采访了 10 位古典学、植物学和古代药物专家。问题似乎从“lotus”（莲花 / 荷花）这个词本身就开始了。埃默里大学的民族植物学家卡桑德拉·夸夫 (Cassandra Quave) 表示：“荷马《奥德赛》中的‘lotus’很可能不是大多数人今天所想的那种植物。”例如，它不是出现在佛教艺术中的亚洲神圣莲花。而且在那个时代，这个词并不是一个非常精确的术语。澳大利亚麦考瑞大学古代史副教授格雷塔·霍斯 (Greta Hawes) 说：“在古代，‘lotus’一词被用来指代许多不同的树木、灌木和浆果。”“就像‘鲭鱼’（mackerel）这个词一样。”
了解食莲者的居住地可能有助于缩小候选范围，但即便这一点也存在争议。剑桥大学希腊语和拉丁语荣休教授詹姆斯·迪格尔 (James Diggle) 认为：“诗人并没有设定具体的地点。”但这并没有阻止古代希腊历史学家们的推测，他们揣测在强风将船吹离航线九天之后，船只可能在何处登陆。一位名为阿尔特米多罗斯 (Artemidorus) 的历史学家指向了摩洛哥，那里沙漠中生长着一种多汁的根茎。斯特拉博 (Strabo) 则认为是在杰尔巴岛 (Djerba)，那是突尼斯海岸外的一座岛屿，生长着一种甜美的小浆果。研究过杰尔巴岛的考古学家伊丽莎白·芬特雷斯 (Elizabeth Fentress) 表示：“你无法证明这一点，但我认为这是有可能的。”“那里确实生长着一种名为 Ziziphus lotus 的野生植物，它具有镇静作用。”她补充道：“我有一个对此很感兴趣的朋友。” Z. lotus 是一种原产于地中海和北非的多刺灌木，通常被称为枣。它结出的圆形淡黄色果实大约像樱桃一样大，可以直接食用、干燥保存，或发酵成酒。凭借其轻微的镇静效果，它或许能让食莲者们在平和的冷漠中慵懒地度日。语言学家、历史学家兼《古代世界饮食 A 到 Z》(Food in the Ancient World From A to Z) 作者安德鲁·达尔比 (Andrew Dalby) 将这种果实比作“古代的零食”。他说：“你在行走、工作或打猎时吃它们。”达尔比博士表示：“在这种情况下，我不会刻意寻找精神活性效果：如果用它酿酒——没有理由认为这不是事实——那么你得到了所需的效果。”
但《奥德赛》的篇页中几乎已经布满了酒渍。酒精带来的快感是否足够奇异，以至于荷马将其与游手好闲的食莲者联系起来？宾夕法尼亚大学瓦坦·格里戈里安人文学教授彼得·斯特鲁克 (Peter Struck) 表示：“我认为荷马不会在这个故事中加入基于酒精的醉酒，因为那太普通了。”他说，无论那种“莲花”是什么，“它更异域风情，更能改变意识。它更让人感到快活。”蓝莲 (Nymphaea caerulea) 可能正是这样一种植物。人们发现，这种被用来缓解焦虑和诱导睡眠的花朵的描绘出现在
公元前14世纪的埃及坟墓。已知高剂量会带来幻觉和快感。“由于原生分布情况和已知的药理作用，睡莲（Nymphaea）是一个合理的候选者，”古代地中海世界药用植物历史学家阿兰·图瓦德（Alain Touwaide）说道。然而，最后一个候选者可能是最显而易见的：鸦片罂粟。
《古希腊和罗马世界的中毒》（Intoxication in the Ancient Greek and Roman World）一书的作者艾伦·萨姆勒（Alan Sumler）指出，鸦片在古代世界是可以获得且习惯性使用者每天会服用多次。他认为，这种习惯与食莲者相契合。“他们每天都在吃；你不会每天都吃致幻剂，”萨姆勒博士说。那些必须被强行拖回船上并捆绑起来的人，并非被幻象所掌控，而是被成瘾所掌控。他说，古代世界没有其他任何药物“能产生那样的效果”。
耶鲁大学的古典学者柯克·弗罗登堡（Kirk Freudenburg）认为，寻找某种特定植物之所以失败是有充分理由的。“在《奥德赛》中，莲花之于食物，就像独眼巨人之于人类，”他说，“这是一个神话想象中的产物。”它在现实世界中没有对应物。相反，他说，它结合了使其显得危险、诱人且绝非希腊风格的特质。
那么问题来了，为什么人们最初会尝试去鉴定这种“莲花”。宾夕法尼亚大学的古典学者斯特鲁克（Struck）博士发现，这个问题本身比植物更有趣。“虚构故事的意义在于它让你想要更好地理解我们的世界，”他说。诺兰（Nolan）先生的演绎虽然偏离了经典的食莲者故事，但这仅仅是最近的一次尝试。斯特鲁克博士表示，在经历了 28 个世纪之后，继续寻找荷马笔下的莲花，“是一种想象神话的魔力可能实际上是我们自身世界一部分的方式”。
军医报告称，在特种作战部队长期服役的士兵中，睾酮水平降低的发生率较高。
似乎增加了他对即便最轻微的激怒反应的敏感度。他担心自己的双相情感障碍和通常冲动的性格可能会使他对这种激素的影响更加敏感。他的结论是：“对待这玩意儿必须小心。”7月，国防部长皮特·海格塞斯（Pete Hegseth）宣布了一项新政策，要求所有 30 岁以上的现役军人必须接受睾酮水平筛查，以此努力创建他所谓的“高 T 战争部”。他表示，符合治疗条件的“战士”将可以选择接受睾酮替代疗法（T.R.T.），以使他们保持在“杀伤力的最前沿”。专家们对这项新政策持有分歧。尽管严谨的研究表明 T.R.T. 能使睾酮缺乏的男性受益，但没有医疗团体建议进行普及筛查，专家们担心这可能会导致过度治疗和
负面结果。关于 T.R.T. 的风险，研究结果很明确。睾酮会导致危险的血液黏稠度增加，这种副作用即使在战场上也需要密切监测。此外，该激素会停止精子的产生，可能会损害育龄男性的生育能力。但很少有研究探讨过该疗法中最难以定义且最具争议的影响之一：它对攻击性的影响。许多医生认为，当有医疗需求并在适当剂量下开具处方时，睾酮可以对情绪产生积极影响。哈佛医学院的泌尿科医生亚伯拉罕·摩根塔勒（Abraham Morgentaler）博士表示，睾酮与攻击性之间很大一部分文化关联是源于健身者中被公开报道的“类固醇狂怒”事件。摩根塔勒博士说：“我们掌握的数据并不支持服用睾酮会导致攻击性普遍增加的趋势。”
“我认为那是一个错误的刻板印象。”研究确认，平均而言，T.R.T. 并没有增加男性的敌对行为。然而，研究人员表示，该激素确实似乎会驱动一部分人的攻击性增加——即那些本身就倾向于攻击，或者对易怒感或感知威胁的阈值较低的人——在面对挑衅时会产生反应。对九名接受过 T.R.T. 治疗的男性的访谈表明，随着睾酮疗法变得越来越流行，更多的人在与这些行为后果作斗争。“本身就有攻击性的人可能会变得更具攻击性，”斯坦福大学的神经科学家和灵长类动物学家罗伯特·萨波尔斯基（Robert Sapolsky）说道。“它不会让某人变得更有可能激烈地战斗并保卫他们的兄弟之邦——”
这种激素在 体育赛事期间 激增，在 生完孩子后下降。
在战斗正酣之时。我认为他们更有可能在营房里与人打起来。”
考虑到军人在工作中经常面临的威胁性情况，一些临床医生呼吁在广泛开具该激素处方之前，对其睾酮替代疗法（T.R.T.）的行为影响进行更多研究。
“如果我是一名将军，或者处于某种指挥位置，且我知道我的下属一直在改变他们的睾酮水平，我会想知道：这如何影响他们的决策？”纽约市西奈山医院的心理学家汤姆·希尔德布兰特（Tom Hildebrandt）博士表示。“我们应该了解我们正在做些什么。”
国防部的一位发言人拒绝就 T.R.T. 使用增加可能对部队产生的影响发表评论。
这项新的筛查政策出台之际，T.R.T. 在美国的使用量正激增，处方量从 2000 年的不到 100 万份增长到 2025 年的近 12 million 份。睾酮缺乏症最常影响那些随年龄增长而激素水平下降的年长男性。尽管如此，在年轻男性中，T.R.T. 的使用增长最快，这主要受到在线平台以及所谓“男性圈”（manosphere）中网红们对睾酮日益痴迷的推动。
在卫生部长罗伯特·F·肯尼迪（Robert F. Kennedy Jr.）的领导下（他曾公开谈论过自己使用 T.R.T. 的经历），食品药品监督管理局（F.D.A.）更改了该激素的警告标签，并让更多男性能够获得该治疗。肯尼迪先生指出，研究发现年轻一代的睾酮水平低于历史平均水平。研究人员则认为，这一趋势是由肥胖率上升和日益久坐的生活方式驱动的。军医们开始确定一种被称为“操作员综合征”（operator syndrome）的状况，即在特种作战部队中长期服役——经历慢性压力、睡眠不规律且饮食不佳——的士兵更有可能报告医疗问题，包括睾酮水平下降。许多直接面向消费者的睾酮诊所明确向军人和警察推广 T.R.T.，承诺提高身体机能和耐力。马迪根陆军医疗中心（Madigan Army Medical Center）的泌尿科医生西奥多·克里索斯托莫-温（Theodore Crisostomo-Wynne）博士在 12 月的一次 F.D.A. 小组会议上表示，越来越多的军人选择从这类诊所或非法渠道寻求 T.R.T.，而不是通过他们的军医。
但研究人员表示，即使是那些将攻击性增强视为潜在军事优势的人，可能也未能完全理解睾酮与行为之间关系的细微差别。动物研究清楚地指出了睾酮在攻击性中的作用。接受该激素的雄性大鼠会用尿液标记大得多的领地。接受睾酮的雄性鸟类会停止照料巢穴，花更多时间鸣唱以吸引配偶，有时甚至抛弃雏鸟使其死亡。但该激素在人类身上的行为影响要复杂得多。早期对比暴力罪犯与非暴力罪犯睾酮水平的研究发现，平均而言，暴力罪犯的水平更高。其他研究发现，该激素会根据环境自然波动，例如在体育比赛期间飙升，而在孩子出生后下降。但斯坦福大学神经科学家萨波尔斯基（Sapolsky）博士表示，更有可能是这些行为和社会环境导致了睾酮水平的波动，而非相反。萨波尔斯基博士说，即便知道某个男性的睾酮水平明显高于另一人，“也完全无法预测他们是否会更具攻击性”。
CAROLYN KASTER / ASSOCIATED PRESS
KENNY HOLSTON / THE NEW YORK TIMES
SALWAN GEORGES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
国防部长皮特·海格塞斯（Pete Hegseth，见上图）支持使用睾酮（见左图），以使士兵保持在他所谓的“杀伤力领先地位”。
只有大约十几项研究试图探讨给男性服用睾酮后会发生什么，这种方法可以更清晰地指出因果关系。虽然一些给予高剂量睾酮（许多倍于男性在睾酮替代疗法 T.R.T. 中获得的剂量）的研究显示会导致攻击性增加，但在标准医学剂量下，该激素似乎并不普遍具有这种影响。但当你观察男性个体之间的差异时，一种联系就出现了。“当你将睾酮与某人具有攻击倾向的特质结合起来看时，情况就变得更加清晰了，”安大略省北湾尼皮辛大学的心理学家贾斯汀·卡雷 (Justin Carré) 表示。在他研究小组开展的双盲研究中，数百名男性被随机给予睾酮（相当于单次 T.R.T. 剂量）或安慰剂，然后被指示与一名虚构的对手进行电脑游戏竞赛。
在游戏中，他们可以选择按下按钮得分，或者按下按钮攻击对手。如果对手通过偷分来挑衅，那些具有潜在支配性或冲动型人格且被给予睾酮的男性，更有可能沉溺于反击对手，而不是得分。（这种攻击性反应在被给予睾酮的非支配性男性，或被给予安慰剂的支配性男性中并未出现。）卡雷博士表示，虽然还需要更多研究来了解长期使用 T.R.T. 的效果，但这些研究给军方提出了疑问。“睾酮让攻击行为变得更具奖赏感，无论这种行为是否有效，”卡雷博士说。“如果你试图影响的主要结果就是攻击性，那么这也许是一件好事。但如果它造成了隧道视野，那可能是负面的。”对使用过 T.R.T. 的男性及其家属的采访显示，有些人一直在与增强的攻击性做斗争。许多人表示，在开始使用睾酮之前就经历过情绪波动，而睾酮似乎既放大了他们的爆发，又降低了触发爆发的阈值。其他人，比如在纽约的一名要求仅使用名字以保护隐私的医生理查德 (Richard)，似乎对剂量稍高就非常敏感。理查德已经接受睾酮治疗 17 年了。他说，这种治疗“改变了我的生活”，帮助解决了他在睾丸癌摧毁了身体制造该激素的能力后所经历的勃起功能障碍、抑郁和肥胖。但当他开始 T.R.T. 时，他的妻子指出他对他发脾气的次数比平时更多。他开始注意到自己变得更容易产生反应，且这种反应往往让他感到无法控制。“我并不属于‘类固醇狂怒’那一类，”他说，“我只是触发点更低了。”理查德已经学会与医生一起校准剂量，以便更好地管理自己的易怒情绪。但他质疑军方将如何监测此类行为变化，特别是如果这种治疗被推广到数千名经常面临真实或感知威胁的男性身上。“在这种规模下，微妙的影响可能会变得非常严重，”他说。
这只是时间问题。
夏令时将使每个冬季大约 10 周的日出时间推迟到上午 8:30 之后。永久标准时间则会在每年夏季大约两个月的时间里，让日出在凌晨 4:30 之前出现。许多睡眠和昼夜节律科学家认为，这一个小时应该留在早晨。人体内分布的钟表网络协调着从免疫防御到新陈代谢的一切。该系统最强大的时间设定信号就是：阳光。明亮的早晨和黑暗的夜晚有助于保持内部时钟同步，使身体能在正确的时间执行正确的功能。将一小时的日光从早晨转移到晚上可能会扰乱这一昼夜系统。“绝大多数证据表明，夏令时对我们的健康或安全不利，我认为它不应该发生，”哈佛医学院和马萨诸塞州总医院的睡眠与昼夜节律研究员 Elizabeth B. Klerman 说道。研究表明，长期的昼夜节律失调与更高的心血管和代谢疾病风险、某些癌症以及心理健康问题相关。这就是美国医学会和其他健康、睡眠及科学组织支持永久标准时间的原因之一。尽管如此，永久夏令时的吸引力显而易见。在冬季，会有更多人在天黑前离开学校和工作场所。额外的傍晚光线可能会鼓励锻炼和社交，且一些研究表明，这能减少交通事故和某些犯罪率。“那一小时的日光在什么时候最受益？我认为这是一个相当直觉的答案——在人们醒来可以使用它的时候，”华盛顿大学研究夏令时经济学的法学教授 Steve Calandrillo 说道。代价是早晨更加黑暗。“在所有三种方案中，最糟糕的选择是永久夏令时，”西北大学费因伯格医学院昼夜节律与睡眠医学中心主任 Phyllis C. Zee 博士表示。美国此前尝试过这样做。1974 年 1 月，在石油危机期间，国会实施了全年夏令时。这在起初很受欢迎——直到人们开始抱怨进入了“第二个黑暗时代”，而且有儿童在黑暗中行走上学时被汽车撞死。官员们废除了这项实验，全国大部分地区恢复了季节性时钟调整，一些研究人员现在认为，这种制度是在三种选择中害处最小的。
研究结果不一 公众对于维持现状几乎没有兴趣。根据 10 月的一项美联社-NORC 调查，只有 12 ％的美国人表示他们希望继续执行“春季前移，秋季后移”的时钟调整。 除了令人厌烦之外，研究还发现，重置时钟会带来可量化的短期后果：交通事故和心脏病发作增加，生活满意度下降，甚至慈善捐款减少，以及法官判处更长的刑期。
在北美的一个湖泊中，有一种鱼类出现了可传播的肿瘤报告。
作者：卡尔·齐默（CARL ZIMMER）
十多年来，在一个横跨佛蒙特州和魁北克州边境的湖泊中一直发生着奇怪的事情。孟弗雷马戈湖（Lake Memphremagog）是棕色牛头鲇鱼的栖息地，而在 2012 年，钓鱼者开始注意到其中一些鱼身上覆盖着天鹅绒般的黑色生长物。野生动物生物学家最终确定这些鱼患有皮肤癌。所谓的黑色素瘤在鲇鱼中极其罕见，但超过三分之一的牛头鲇鱼携带这种肿瘤。现在，研究人员认为他们找到了原因：上个月他们报告称，一种传染性癌症正在湖中蔓延。科学家认为，这次爆发始于一条鲇鱼。它长了一个肿瘤，随后将癌细胞脱落到水中。这些细胞侵入了其他鲇鱼，实际上引发了一场瘟疫。研究人员仅在极少数看似随机的物种中发现了传染性肿瘤：狗、塔斯马尼亚恶魔以及几种蛤类和其他贝类。一些科学家主张，可传播的癌症本身就是一种新物种。另一些人甚至认为，某些动物物种在数百万年前可能是以癌细胞的形式开始演化的。在鱼类中发现的第一例可传播癌症，现在正促使科学家们思考这种现象的普遍程度。“这真的像我们想象的那么罕见吗，还是因为我们一直没有去寻找？”佛蒙特大学的遗传学家、这项新研究的作者之一朱莉·德拉贡（Julie Dragon）问道。德拉贡博士最初并非旨在寻找传染性癌症。2014 年，佛蒙特州鱼类和野生动物部门的生物学家邀请她帮助查明孟弗雷马戈湖的棕色牛头鲇鱼为何生病。紫外线是导致黑色素瘤的常见原因。但对于生活在湖底泥沙中且主要在夜间活动的鲇鱼来说，出现极高水平的黑色素瘤似乎不太可能。德拉贡博士和她的同事调查了其他可能性，包括附近垃圾填埋场的污染以及可能诱发癌症的微生物感染。但鱼体内的污染物水平较低。
确定永久性时间会带来自身的权衡，尽管这里的证据较为单薄。例如，预测全年实行夏令时下的道路安全的各项研究结果不一——有的显示有正面影响，有的显示有负面影响，有的则没有影响。克勒曼（Klerman）博士表示，这些研究中的很大一部分是基于时钟切换或短期延长夏令时而得出的，因此很难知道在永久性变更期间这些影响将如何演变。尽管如此，一项分析利用日出和日落时间的自然波动估计，永久性夏令时每年可防止数百起行人及机动车死亡事故，这主要是因为傍晚的交通量比早晨更多。另一项研究发现，随着夜晚光照时间的延长，抢劫案有所下降。但科学家指出，这些收益可能会被更暗的早晨、慢性睡眠不足以及
昼夜节律紊乱。即使在当前的季节性制度下，研究表明我们的昼夜生物钟也从未完全适应春季的切换。因此，一些研究人员试图通过比较时区内处于不同位置的人们，来衡量永久实行夏令时的影响。这些研究将居住在西侧（即日出和日落按时钟计算较晚的地区）与睡眠不足、工资较低以及某些癌症和自杀率较高联系起来。一项研究还发现，在时区中地理位置异常偏西的县，致命交通事故率显著更高。现代生活模糊了这一局面。许多人在相对昏暗的室内光线下度日，夜晚则处于几乎相同的人造光下，从而模糊了白天与黑夜之间的自然对比。科学家们可能仍在争论转向永久夏令时的风险与收益，但
通常在一点上达成共识：不同地方的不同人群将以不同的方式体验这些影响。
对儿童的担忧 例如，极端早起的人可能能够适应额外的夜晚光照——这甚至能帮助他们保持清醒，以便享受夜晚的活动。 但科学家表示，青少年和“夜猫子”可能会感到吃力。昼夜节律通常在青春期期间向后推迟；青少年倾向于更晚入睡，更晚起床。更昏暗的早晨可能会使他们的天然生物钟进一步推迟，而与此同时，学校的铃声却强迫他们早起。 其中一个风险是：车祸。华盛顿大学生物学家奥拉西奥·德拉伊格莱西亚（Horacio de la Iglesia）研究昼夜节律已有数十年，他表示：“高中生在生物学意义上的深夜，在黑暗中开车去学校。” 其他潜在危害涵盖了从心理健康到学业表现的各个方面。俄罗斯在 2011 年采取永久夏令时后，青少年和年轻人的冬季抑郁症有所增加，随后在 2014 年该国切换到永久标准时间后再次下降。 由于如今的经济很大程度上是由大脑而非工厂驱动的，学生的表现可能是反对该方案在经济上最强有力的理由。
且没有证据表明存在致癌病毒或细菌。 德拉贡博士决定仔细研究鲶鱼的 DNA 以及其肿瘤中突变的 DNA。某些遗传变异会使动物（和人类）极易患癌。她原以为每个癌细胞在遗传上与产生该细胞的鲶鱼最相似。然而，所有癌细胞之间彼此密切相关，而非与生长肿瘤的动物相关。 “我说，‘我们搞错了，这不可能是对的’，”德拉贡博士回忆道。研究人员重新开始分析，得到了同样的结果。这些肿瘤并非源自携带它们的鲶鱼。 每次他们分析新鱼类的 DNA 时，这种模式都变得更加强烈。科学家们开始考虑一种令人不安的可能性：这些鲶鱼是某种传染性癌症的受害者。 早在文艺复兴时期，学者们就推测癌症可能是传染性的。 1603 年，葡萄牙医生罗德里戈·德·卡斯特罗（Rodrigo de Castro）设想肿瘤会“呼出一种可怕的蒸汽”，从而将癌症传给新的受害者。 当现代科学家发现癌症主要源于我们自身 DNA 的突变时，“感染”癌症的观念便不再流行。直到 21 世纪初，才有确凿证据表明一种
德国比勒费尔德大学的经济研究员菲利普·诺伊曼（Philipp Neumann）表示，（研究对比了）全年实行夏令时与全年实行标准时的情形。利用印第安那州在历史上采取夏令时不一的特点，一项研究发现，执行季节性夏令时的县，其SAT考试成绩平均比执行永久标准时的县低 16 分。在低收入学生群体中，这一差距进一步扩大。
德拉伊格莱西亚（de la Iglesia）博士研究了西雅图高中将早晨上课铃时间改为上午 8:45（比之前晚了约一小时）前后的学生情况。结果显示，学生每晚多睡了约 34 分钟，成绩和出勤率均有所提高。
他说，永久实行夏令时将“抵消学校推迟开课时间所带来的所有好处”。
然而，某些企业显然能从日落时间变晚中获利。零售业和娱乐业长期以来一直支持夏令时及其延长。糖果公司也支持将秋季的时钟回拨时间推迟到万圣节之后。
诺伊曼博士共同撰写了一篇综述，权衡了永久夏令时和永久标准时对健康、道路安全、犯罪、电力使用及经济的短期和长期影响。结论是：永久标准时总体上更具优势，这在很大程度上是由预期的健康益处驱动的。
太早了？ 根据现行法律，各州可以选择退出夏令时并全年执行标准时，正如亚利桑那州和夏威夷州所做的那样。国会目前审议的两项法案都将改变国家默认设置，同时为州的选择留出一定空间。
但蔡泽尔（Zeitzer）博士表示，过多的地方自由裁量权可能会重新制造标准时区旨在解决的混乱。在 1883 年美国铁路公司引入标准时区之前，城镇将时钟设定在太阳到达正午顶点时敲响正午钟。正如《纽约时报》所言，那个 11 月，如果从缅因州到太平洋沿岸的时钟都在当地正午响起，那么“从东到西将持续响起 3¼ 小时的钟声”。
一只褐牛头鲶鱼，患有明显的黑色素瘤。在跨越佛蒙特州和魁北克州边界的门弗雷马戈湖（Lake Memphremagog）中，超过三分之一的牛头鲶鱼携带这种疾病。
“这让我们重新思考这些事物是如何运作的。”
蔡泽尔博士表示，在现代互联社会中，回归真正的当地太阳时是不切实际的——尽管从生物学角度来看，他认为这是最佳解决方案。
在更可行方案中，科学观点存在分歧。一些研究人员实际上认为目前的制度优于任何一种永久替代方案。一项最近对 150 篇以上研究的综述承认，迄今为止的证据有限且不一致，发现时钟变更和季节性夏令时的影响“并非统一有害”。作者得出结论，在努力减轻其负面影响的同时，继续进行一年两次的“时间之舞”是“值得考虑的——直到出现更充分的证据”。
夏令时领先专家大卫·普雷劳（David Prerau）建议，我们保留一年两次的重置，但加大公共宣传力度，敦促人们像应对时差一样做好准备，通过增加睡眠，并在转换前缓慢调整就寝、用餐甚至服药时间。普雷劳博士说：“在做出任何重大改变之前，我至少会尝试这样做。”
慕尼黑大学（LMU Munich）的昼夜节律研究员、荣誉教授蒂尔·罗内伯格（Till Roenneberg）认为季节性切换有其逻辑，且认为其优于永久夏令时。不过，他个人的偏好是永久标准时——并配合更灵活的学校和工作开始时间。他和其他科学家表示，这里的问题其实不在于时钟，而在于社会围绕时钟建立的僵化时间表。学校和工作时间表应该推迟或放宽，以适应早起者和夜猫子，因为并非所有人都能在相同的……
他们说，同样的固定时钟即可。日程安排甚至可以随季节而转变。泽特（Zeitzer）博士表示，永久执行夏令时“并非问题，唯一的问题是企业仍然要求人们在 8 点上班，”以及“学校仍然在 7 点或 8 点开门。”
少数可传播癌症是真实存在的。 狗是其中一种的宿主，被称为 C.T.V.T.，即犬可传播性性病肿瘤的缩写。在交配过程中，这些癌细胞可以从一只狗传播到另一只狗。对这些肿瘤 DNA 的研究表明，所有这些恶性肿瘤都源自几千年前的一只狗。C.T.V.T. 极少致死。但对于在塔斯马尼亚恶魔之间传播的传染性癌症来说，情况并非如此。这种疾病，即恶魔面部肿瘤病，利用了频繁且血腥的打斗。当一只塔斯马尼亚恶魔咬掉另一只的肿瘤组织时，癌细胞会通过其身体转移到自己的脸上。这种癌症仅在近几十年出现，但已经将塔斯马尼亚恶魔推向了灭绝的边缘。 2015, 在加拿大和美国的大西洋沿岸，研究人员发现软壳蛤和其他物种被一种类白血病的癌症摧毁。结果表明，受感染的蛤蜊将癌细胞排放到海水中，而附近的健康蛤蜊则将其吸入。最近，科学家在太平洋以及欧洲海域的贝类中也发现了可传播癌症。 德拉贡（Dragon）博士及其同事确信，门弗雷马戈湖（Lake Memphremagog）中的所有肿瘤都来自一个单一的祖先癌细胞。褐牛头鱼的交配策略可能为黑色素瘤细胞提供了传播机会，因为这些鲶鱼在浅水区聚集产卵。
佛蒙特鱼类与野生动物管理部门 DAVE SANDERS 为《纽约时报》供图
永久执行夏令时导致早晨光线更暗，可能会导致慢性睡眠不足和昼夜节律紊乱，从而抵消交通意外减少和某些犯罪率下降等益处。
与其让时钟在春季拨快、秋季拨慢，也许可以改变日程安排。
“它们都挤在一起，”德拉贡博士说。在这种混战中，产卵的鲶鱼可能会互相撕咬或抓伤，而伤口可能会使它们接触到漂浮的癌细胞。在西雅图的太平洋西北研究中心研究蛤蜊传染性癌症的迈克尔·梅茨格（Michael Metzger）观察到，这是首次发现可传播癌症在淡水中传播。细胞通常只能在咸水液体中生存。“这让我们重新思考这些东西是如何运作的，”梅茨格博士说。德拉贡博士还发现迹象表明，东北部其他地区的鲶鱼可能患有同样的癌症。其中一些线索来自 19 世纪自然主义者亨利·戴维·梭罗（Henry David Thoreau）的日志。梭罗声称他经常在马萨诸塞州的河流中遇到长满斑点的鲶鱼。1858, 在一次访问阿萨贝特河（Assabet River）时，他描述了看到的一条鱼：“头部近一半，从口鼻向后对角线方向，覆盖着一种墨黑色像麻风病一样的东西，像壳状地衣，”他写道。德拉贡博士及其同事现在正在门弗雷马戈湖以外的鲶鱼中寻找可传播癌症。科学家们欢迎捕获到带有黑色凸起肿瘤鲶鱼的钓鱼者和生物学家的联系。他们可以将整条鱼及其生长物的图像，以及关于动物捕捉地点的信息发送至 julie.dragon@med.uvm.edu。德拉贡博士还要求，如果可能的话，请将整条鱼冷冻。如果她和同事想要检查该鱼，他们将安排接收。德拉贡博士说：“很难说每个黑点是否都是我们的肿瘤，但在测试之前我们无法得知。”该研究的另一位作者、佛蒙特鱼类和野生动物管理部门的渔业生物学家彼得·埃默森（Peter Emerson）……
野生动物部门建议钓鱼者不要食用长有肿瘤的牛头鱼。“我们没有证据表明这些鱼不安全，”他说，“我们只是倾向于谨慎行事。”目前，几乎没有研究表明传染性癌症在人类中传播。但剑桥大学传染性癌症专家伊丽莎白·默奇森（Elizabeth Murchison）表示，可以想象有一天会出现这种情况。默奇森博士说：“这一发现确实强化了这样一种观点，即传染性癌症可能在任何地方出现，包括在我们自己的物种中。”
我每天吃同样的食物。这对我的健康不利吗？
每天吃一次或多次同样的餐食（这种做法通常被称为“食物单调症”）可以是一种简化日常习惯、管理体重并消除因规划菜单、购物和烹饪而产生的“决策疲劳”的高效方法。但营养专家表示，这也可能存在负面影响，如果你的每日饮食主要由超加工食品或高脂肪、高盐、高糖的零食组成，而非健康、天然的全食，则存在营养缺乏的风险。纽约大学营养学、食品研究和公共卫生荣休教授马里恩·内斯特尔（Marion Nestle）表示：“如果饮食均衡且健康，我认为这比很多其他糟糕的情况要好得多。”克利夫兰诊所（Cleveland Clinic）的注册营养师朱莉娅·赞帕诺（Julia Zumpano）表示，营养专家所说的“均衡”是指包含蛋白质、碳水化合物和健康脂肪的餐食，使它们具有“营养密度”。例如，梅奥医学学院（Mayo Clinic College of Medicine）营养与预防医学副教授唐纳德·亨斯鲁德（Donald Hensrud）博士指出，每天早餐吃酸奶或燕麦片配新鲜水果，比吃培根、鸡蛋和薯饼更健康。而午餐吃沙拉则比在白面包里夹火腿好。亨斯鲁德博士说，至于晚餐，每晚吃烤鸡或鱼配蔬菜和糙米，要好过汉堡和薯条。
为什么有人每天吃同样的食物？有时，仅仅是因为他们更喜欢这些食物。内斯特尔博士说：“可能没有比这更复杂的原因了。”其他人则将重复饮食作为减肥或控制体重的一种手段。德雷克塞尔大学（Drexel University）研究人员近期的一项研究发现，成年人在 12 周内，每天吃同样餐食的人比饮食多样化的人减轻了更多体重。赞帕诺女士表示，决策疲劳是另一个因素，“尤其是当你需要为他人规划餐食时”。
为了保持饮食健康，一些专家建议在饮食中增加少量变化。亨斯鲁德博士说：“如果某天早晨你在酸奶里加了蓝莓，第二天可以换成草莓或香蕉，或者拌入一些燕麦或坚果。”赞帕诺女士补充道，如果你午餐总是吃三明治，“你可以在这个概念的基础上进行扩展，但仍增加多样性。”她说：“一天吃花生酱果酱三明治，第二天吃烤芝士或火鸡三明治。”但不要过量食用单一食物，因为这可能导致过度接触有害物质（如鱼类中的汞）或大量摄入被认为不健康的营养素。
一项 2022 年的研究表明，早餐是人们最容易重复的餐食。波士顿大学市场营销教授、该研究作者之一凯里·莫尔韦奇（Carey Morewedge）表示，早餐往往更偏向功能性或实用性，而非社交性，部分原因是人们通常需要赶去工作或学校，且每天吃同样的早餐很方便。莫尔韦奇博士说，他自己的早餐——由香草蛋白粉、一根香蕉、菠菜和牛油果制成的奶昔——已经保持不变好几年了。
内斯特尔博士说，她每天早晨也吃同样的早餐：一碗小麦碎，一茶匙糖，脱脂牛奶，以及她在露台上种植的蓝莓或草莓。她说：“很简单，我喜欢这种口感，很脆，而且这是开启新的一天的好方法。”
凤凰中心（The Phoenix）的纽带建立在攀岩和举重等活动之上。 上述的科比特（Corbitt）女士说：“我们不是整天坐在那儿讨论成瘾问题，我们讨论的是变得健康。”
越来越多的俱乐部将社区氛围和更健康的日常生活习惯视为防止复吸的良药。
作者：SIMAR BAJAJ
当凯莉·科比特（Kylie Corbitt）离开一家为期 30 天的成瘾治疗中心时，一个熟悉的问题在门外等待着她。“我的整个社交网络全部是吸毒者，”她说，“我甚至不知道真正清醒意味着什么。”在新冠疫情期间，由于失去了持有十年的工作，以及在面对抚养她长大的祖母去世的悲痛和与抑郁症作斗争，她对甲基苯丙胺的使用逐渐加剧。科比特女士说，由于生活缺乏规划，每一天都像“土拨鼠之日”；她会告诉自己最后一次吸毒，然后去寻求帮助。“但这一切就没完没了，”她补充道。治疗中断了这种循环，但她的生活环境并不支持她保持清醒。现年 37 岁、居住在马萨诸塞州米尔顿的科比特女士尝试了匿名戒酒会，但很难产生一种情谊感，觉得有些会议“有点爱评判人”。在绝望且不知去向的情况下，科比特女士决定尝试 The Phoenix，这是一个免费的健身和康复社区，要求成员在每次到访前必须保持 48 小时清醒。在那里，她开始尝试攀岩，后来又接触了 CrossFit，发现清醒可以建立在更健康的习惯和友谊之上。“我们不是坐在那里整天谈论成瘾，”科比特女士说，“我们在谈论如何变得健康，如何变得更好。”7 月 6 日，科比特女士标志着自己已有两年时间没有接触药物，这是她“有史以来最长的一次清醒期”。
几十年来，美国的成瘾治疗一直被视为一个临床问题或一场精神斗争。这些方法帮助了数百万人，但它们也有局限性。医疗护理通常是以短期、限时的片段形式提供的，而 12 步计划则可能让人觉得过于单一，因为它们强调更高层级的力量和完全禁欲。但一种新兴模式正在兴起：围绕健身、音乐、冥想和其他活动建立的清醒空间。马萨诸塞州总医院（Mass General Brigham）康复研究中心主任约翰·凯利（John Kelly）表示，这个概念并非完全新鲜，但康复运动经历了一次“小规模的复兴”。例如，提供免费热食和咖啡的康复咖啡馆网络（Recovery Café Network），其规模从 2020 年的 21 家咖啡馆增长到 2025 年的 92 家；同期，The Phoenix 的新成员注册人数也从约 20,000 人攀升至 433,000 人以上。
清醒空间不能替代传统的治疗或 12 步计划，且相关研究仍然有限。但该模式基于一项证据，即孤独感和熟悉的环境线索会增加复吸的可能性，而社交联系和归属感则有助于维持清醒。布兰登·克拉克（Brandon Clark）表示，这些空间为在治疗中心、医生诊所或团体会议之外开展康复提供了场所；他曾在旧金山的圣安东尼基金会（St. Anthony Foundation）支持成瘾康复工作，且本人正从芬太尼使用中康复。“人们需要去新的地方，认识新的人，建立新的仪式，并寻找新的发挥作用的方式，”他说。
清醒空间（Sober spaces）并不遵循任何单一的模式。波士顿的 Phoenix 基本上是一个简约的仓库，墙上安装着攀岩墙，摆满了训练设备，如自由重量、划船机和战斗绳，以及柔术垫和体操环。与此同时，西雅图的第一家 Recovery Café 则像是食堂与社区咖啡馆的结合体，设有免费自助餐和拿铁吧，柜台上方悬挂着吊灯，墙上用卷曲的绳索拼写出“爱”、“宽恕”和“成长”等词汇。与 12 步计划（12-step programs）类似，清醒空间倾向于免费且低门槛，要求参与者保持一定程度的清醒，但通过荣誉制度而非药物检测来确认。不过，这些空间通常比 12 步计划更具包容性，后者将成功定义为“零物质”方案，有时甚至包括受监管的、有效的药物。
“我们不一定是基于禁欲的，”Recovery Café Network 的创始人 Ruby Takushi 说道，她仅要求成员在来到咖啡馆当天保持清醒。“我们关注的是今天对你而言什么是更健康的选择。”尽管如此，基思·汉弗莱斯（Keith Humphreys）表示，拥有这样一个专门的清醒空间至关重要，因为许多人在试图戒毒的同时，身处的环境却不断将他们向后拉。基思·汉弗莱斯是一位心理学家，也是斯坦福成瘾政策网络（Stanford Network on Addiction Policy）的共同主任。
例如，瑞安·福雷斯特（Ryan Forrester）在 2018 年停止使用药物，当时他处于居家监禁状态，与一名吸食大麻的亲戚住在一起。一段时间内，福雷斯特先生避而远之，退到自己的房间里试图避开那个味道。“然后有一天，我崩溃了，”他说。抽烟变成了喝酒，一杯变成了几杯，最后变成了酩酊大醉。福雷斯特先生在 2019 年 4 月结束了居家监禁，但直到 2024 年 11 月开始去 Phoenix 之后才再次戒酒。
他说，那里让他与旧的诱因保持了一定距离，而之前滋养他成瘾的那种“全有或全无”的能量，现在可以被引导至一个更健康的出口。
“你来到这里，开始结交朋友，”福雷斯特先生说。“然后，你举起了那些你以前从未意识到自己能举起重量，你参加这类比赛，比如半程马拉松。你会觉得，‘我不敢相信我刚刚做到了——这就是现在的我’。”
Recovery Café 的创始人基利安·诺伊（Killian Noe）表示，在最理想的情况下，这些空间让关怀和归属感感觉不像是一次干预，而是一系列平凡的姿态，比如有人记得你的名字，关心你的近况，让你感到受欢迎。
围绕社会活动培养社区，也给人们提供了一个除了克服成瘾之外的回归理由。“康复并不是被强塞给你的，”Phoenix 的工作人员迪娜·冈萨尔维斯-佩雷斯（Dina Gonsalves-Perez）说道，她本人正处于海洛因成瘾的康复期。“即便如此，你永远不会感到孤独。”
这种热情甚至能让复吸后的回归变得不那么沉重。诺伊女士回忆道，一名成员在 24 小时内就回来了，因为他说这是他第一次有一群关心他是否回来的人。
“人们不想孤独，”福雷斯特先生说。“他们希望自己重要，希望有所成就，希望知道自己能行，希望知道有人在乎。”
照片由 TONY LUONG 为《纽约时报》拍摄
左侧的凯莉·科比特（Kylie Corbitt）是波士顿 Phoenix 的定期锻炼者之一。这是一个免费的健身房和康复社区，成员被要求在每次访问前保持 48 小时清醒。
研究人员长期以来一直知道，社交联系是康复的重要组成部分，它能帮助人们脱离围绕药物使用而建立的关系，转向支持保持清醒的关系。斯坦福大学心理学家汉弗莱兹（Humphreys）博士表示，事实上，12步计划（12-step programs）显现出帮助作用最明显的方式之一，就是重塑人们的社交网络。凯利（Kelly）博士说：“你必须有那些知晓路径的人——如何在这种康复状态下生活，做什么，不做什么，以及如何建立一个值得生活的生命。”凤凰会（The Phoenix）报告称，其 83 百分之的新成员在三个月后仍保持清醒。凯利博士还对凤凰会的成员进行了为期六个月的跟踪观察，并将他们与同样处于成瘾康复阶段的非成员进行了对比：尽管在饮酒天数或重度饮酒天数上没有差异，但凤凰会的参与者报告的由酒精或药物使用引起的整体伤害较少，例如财务问题、伤害家人、损害友谊或承担愚蠢的风险。然而，这些结果是初步的，尚未经过同行评审。
汉弗莱兹博士表示，总体而言，关于特定清醒社交空间的证据相当有限，部分原因是这些空间“难以研究”。他补充说，例如，研究人员无法轻易地将一部分人分配到康复咖啡馆，同时将另一部分人排除在外，而且如果过于死板地标准化体验，可能会使其感觉不像一个社区。此外还存在实际限制：清醒空间不具备帮助他人脱毒、治疗严重戒断症状或处理急性危机的条件；而且由于没有法院强制命令，也没有强制出勤要求，它们依赖于个体加入并持续参与的内在动力。因此，汉弗莱兹博士说，转向这些社区的人通常“还没有到每一天都在物质成瘾方面苦苦挣扎的程度”。他补充道，这就是为什么这些空间最好被理解为 12步计划或医疗护理的补充，而非替代品。它们的承诺不在于治愈成瘾，而在于解决可能使康复变得更加困难的孤独感和脱节感。
科比特（Corbitt）女士表示，对她而言，成瘾曾是一种交易，周围充满了不知道她名字——只叫她“嘿，你”——且几乎没有安全感的人。她在康复过程中也带着同样的孤立感，从未告诉任何人她正尝试戒瘾，这使得她几乎得不到任何支持。她说，一旦找到了合适的小组，匿名戒酒会（Alcoholics Anonymous）给了她一个强大且具有疗愈能力的社区。但在凤凰会，这种帮助被编织在该场所的日常节奏之中。“身处一个人们热情、友好且真正想和我交谈——而不仅仅是想从我这里得到什么——的环境中，这让我觉得自己重新成为了一个完整的人，”她说。现在，科比特女士将大部分空闲时间用于在健身房做志愿者，帮助其他人感受到，就像她曾经感受到的那样，他们不需要孤独地面对康复。
压力之下
一项研究发现，孕妇的高血压率正在上升。
作者：RONI CARYN RABIN
根据疾病控制与预防中心上周发布的一份新报告，全美孕妇的高血压率在 2016 和 2024 之间显著上升。2024 年，美国每 10 名孕妇中就有 1 人患有高血压，而 2016 年这一比例约为 17 分之 1，该期间增加了 73 百分比。美国的孕产妇死亡率超过了其他富裕国家，而孕期高血压疾病是导致妊娠相关死亡和疾病的主要原因之一。孕期高血压增加了严重并发症的风险，包括早产、低出生体重和死胎，以及母亲的胎盘早剥和器官衰竭。它还增加了女性一生中患心脏病的风险。
这些由疾病控制与预防中心国家卫生统计中心报告的新数据，源自医院填写的出生证明，其中包含母亲的健康信息。这些数据不包括怀孕前诊断出的高血压（称为慢性高血压）。但这种情况也在上升，影响约 3.7 百分比的妊娠。
“这是一个显著的增长，且作者指出，出生证明上的报告可能不足，因此真实率可能更高，”曾任孕产妇和婴儿健康非营利组织“十美分之行”（March of Dimes）主席兼首席执行官的妇产科医生 Elizabeth K. Cherot 博士表示。
国家卫生统计中心的健康统计学家及新报告作者 Elizabeth C.W. Gregory 表示，出生证明的数据只能显示谁在孕期被诊断出高血压，而不能显示其增加的原因。
Cherot 博士说，部分增长可能反映了美国产科与妇产科医学院 2018 年发布的指南，该指南要求更早地识别孕期高血压并更好地管理该状况。
而且在 2023, 美国预防服务工作组敦促医疗保健提供者定期检查患者的血压。
健康问题也可能在起作用，包括与高血压密切相关的肥胖症。报告发现，女性怀孕前的身体质量指数或体重越高，在孕期出现高血压的可能性就越大。
美国母亲平均年龄的增加也可能起到一定作用，因为血管会随着年龄增长而僵硬，导致血压上升。高血压在 40 岁及以上的孕妇中最为常见。
研究人员还发现了高血压患病率在种族上的差异。新报告发现，非西班牙裔美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民母亲的患病率高达 13 百分比，而非西班牙裔亚裔母亲则低至 7 百分比。
尽管不同群体之间的患病率存在差异，但研究人员发现，所有年龄、种族和体重的女性高血压均有所增加。例如，即使在体重不足的女性中，该比例也增加了一倍多，从 2016. 年的略低于 3 百分比上升到 2024 年的 5 百分比以上。尽管亚裔孕妇在所有族裔中患病率最低，但其高血压患病率也翻了一番。
专家表示，需要更多研究来更好地了解是什么驱动了如此广泛的孕妇群体中高血压的快速增加，并探讨环境暴露可能扮演的角色。
自我采样（即使在家中进行） 为减少这种可预防疾病的病例 带来了希望。
作者：MAGGIE ASTOR
过去两三年是宫颈癌筛查的重要时期：新的检测方案已经推出，相关建议也发生了变化。医生们希望这些变化能帮助减少该癌症的病例，因为它是导致可预防死亡的持久原因。
通过检测癌前细胞，甚至通过接种预防人乳头瘤病毒（HPV，大多数细胞异常的诱因）的疫苗，可以避免宫颈癌。然而，每年仍有超过 250,000 人死于宫颈癌，其中美国约有 4,000 人。梅奥医学中心（Mayo Clinic）家庭医学副教授凯西·麦克劳格林（Kathy MacLaughlin）医生表示，长期存在的障碍（包括医疗资源获取的不平等）是导致这一现象的原因。一些患者，包括许多性侵幸存者，认为盆腔检查难以忍受，且可能意识不到有替代方案可用。
但进行筛查并不一定是痛苦或令人困惑的。
有哪些选择？ 从历史上看，宫颈癌的标准筛查方法是巴氏涂抹细胞检查（Pap smear），即从宫颈刮取细胞，检查是否存在癌症或癌前病变。虽然实验室技术有所进化，但这种在技术上被称为“宫颈细胞学检查”的基本测试仍然很常见。
但在过去的几十年里，对宫颈癌与 HPV 之间关系的认知开启了一扇新窗。并非所有感染 HPV 的人都会得癌症，但几乎所有宫颈癌患者之前都经历过持续性的 HPV 感染，因此检测 HPV 可以更早地识别风险。
细胞学样本必须由临床医生采集，而 HPV 检测样本既可由临床医生从宫颈采集，也可由患者从阴道采集。美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）在 2024 年批准了用于诊所的自我采样工具，并在 2025 年批准了用于家中的工具；研究发现，这些工具的准确性与临床医生采集的检测相当。
现在养成的健康习惯可以通过预防或减轻疾病，在未来产生重大影响。
作者：DANA G. SMITH
你在中年时期（大致定义为 40 到 60 岁）对待身体和大脑的方式，会极大地影响你在未来数十年中的衰老状态。
包括心血管疾病、糖尿病、癌症和痴呆症在内的许多与年龄相关的疾病，其种子都在中年时期播下，因此尽早考虑预防至关重要。而且，要提高长寿的可能性，需要终身坚持健康习惯，而非仅仅几周。
布兰代斯大学心理学教授、《黄金时代：中年新愿景》（Prime-time: A New Vision for Midlife）一书的作者马吉·拉赫曼（Margie Lachman）表示：“中年是做出改变的理想时机，这不仅能让你在当下获益，也能在未来获益。”
她补充道，毕竟，“中年时期发生的事情不会只停留在中年。”
我们与专家探讨了一些可以产生重大影响的小习惯。
进行间歇训练
纽约大学格罗斯曼医学院骨科手术副教授吉列姆·冈萨雷斯-洛马斯（Guillem Gonzalez-Lomas）博士表示，心肺耐力是预测晚年“长寿以及能够保持活跃和行动能力”的最佳指标之一。
冈萨雷斯-洛马斯博士表示，提高心肺耐力的一种方法是将间歇训练纳入到每周几次的锻炼中。
例如，与其在跑步机或固定单车上以稳定速度运动 30 分钟，不如尝试冲刺 30 秒，然后休息 30 秒，循环 10 次。这样的锻炼时间更短，但理想情况下强度更高，因为他指出，为了获得最大收益，“你实际上必须真正挑战自己”。
与朋友一起办琐事
多位专家强调了社交关系对人们长期健康和福祉的重要性。
宾夕法尼亚大学佩雷尔曼医学院医学伦理与健康政策教授、《吃你的冰淇淋：长寿健康生活的六条简单规则》（Eat Your Ice Cream: Six Simple Rules for a Long and Healthy Life）一书的作者埃泽基尔·埃马纽埃（Ezekiel Emanuel）博士表示，人们通常“不会将社交互动视为一种健康干预措施”。
但他认为，这可能是“最重要的健康干预措施”。
与忙碌的朋友协调时间可能很困难。拉赫曼博士建议采取“一石二鸟”的方法，与他人一起完成待办事项列表上的任务。这些任务可以包括一起散步、锻炼，甚至是一次去超市购物。
哪一种最好？所有有宫颈癌风险的人群——女性以及出生时被指定为女性的跨性别者——都应该接受筛查。美国癌症协会早期癌症检测科学高级副总裁罗伯特·史密斯（Robert Smith）表示，人们广泛认同在年满 30 岁后，HPV检测是最佳选择。它能更早地预警风险，而细胞学检查则更容易导致误报。然而，对于 20 多岁的患者，仍存在争议。威斯康星医学院专科实践首席医疗官金伯利·盖西（Kimberly Gecsi）博士指出，年轻人经常出现短暂的 HPV 感染，在造成伤害前即可自行痊愈，因此对他们而言，HPV 检测也可能引起不必要的恐慌。盖西博士是美国妇产科医师学会（ACOG）最新指南的共同作者，该指南建议 21 到 29 岁之间进行细胞学检查。获得政府支持的女性预防服务计划（W.P.S.I.）也持有相同观点。但美国癌症协会建议从 25 岁起进行 HPV 检测。弗吉尼亚联邦大学妇产科教授大卫·切尔莫（David Chelmow）博士表示，对此不必过度焦虑。他在 2024 年参与美国预防服务工作组起草指南时曾任职于该组。（他目前已不再担任该组职务，并表示其言论不代表该组。）他表示，两种方法在“预防宫颈癌方面都极其有效”。所有主要指南都认为自我采样是可行的。但虽然女性预防服务计划认为自我采样与临床医生采样效果相当，但 ACOG 和美国癌症协会在可能的情况下更倾向于临床医生采样。这是因为 HPV 检测呈阳性的患者需要进一步检测。如果是由临床医生提取的宫颈样本，则可以重复使用。但自我采集的阴道样本无法进行随访检测，因此这些患者必须返回诊所。西切斯特医学中心妇产科质量与安全医疗总监、ACOG 指南共同作者阿基瓦·诺韦茨基（Akiva Novetsky）博士表示，如果人们进行自我采集但未对阳性结果进行随访，“那将毫无意义”。但诺韦茨基博士补充道，带有适当随访的自我采集比不进行检测“要好得多”。
我应该多久筛查一次？ 建议略有不同，但都有效。专家表示，这些分歧在于如何权衡风险的微小变化与误报成本之间的判断问题。 ACOG 建议 21 到 29 岁每三年进行一次细胞学检查，30 到 65 岁每五年进行一次由临床医生采集的 HPV 检测。指南称，目前自我采样的患者应每三年筛查一次，因为自我采样出现的时间还不够长，无法确定其是否能预测五年的风险。 W.P.S.I. 建议 21 到 29 岁每三年进行一次细胞学检查，30 到 65 岁每五年进行一次 HPV 筛查。 美国癌症协会建议 25 到 65 岁的患者每五年进行一次临床医生采集的 HPV 检测，或每三年进行一次自我采集的 HPV 检测。它不建议在 25 岁之前进行筛——
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生活在您体内的生物：您的微生物组，哥伦比亚大学梅尔曼公共卫生学院生产性老龄化教授约翰·比尔德（John Beard）博士地说道。 尤其是健康的肠道微生物组与健康老龄化相关。它与免疫系统紧密相连，有助于控制体内的炎症，而炎症是许多年龄相关疾病的主要因素。 研究尚处于初步阶段，但专家开始认为，照顾微生物组的最佳方法之一是食用发酵食品，这能增加其中有益微生物的比例。您可以从一碗酸奶开始您的一天，或者在饮食中加入韩式泡菜、康普茶、开菲尔或酸菜。
除了实际益处外，抗阻训练还会促使肌肉释放名为“肌肉因子”的信号分子，其中部分分子有助于抑制体内的炎症。
冈萨雷斯-洛马斯博士表示，如果你经常在哑铃架周围活动，不要害怕用更重的重量来挑战自己。但如果你刚刚开始，“任何形式的抗阻训练都会产生影响，”他说道。
冈萨雷斯-洛马斯博士说，目标是“达到一个让你感觉到肌肉承受压力”并开始产生疲劳的程度。
由于该群体的宫颈癌发病率极低，特别是随着更多年轻人接种了 HPV 疫苗。
这些指南适用于测试结果正常的平均风险患者。如果你患宫颈癌的风险高于平均水平或测试结果异常，你的医生可能会增加筛查频率。
我应该坚持筛查到什么时候？
所有主要的指南都表示，如果在 65 岁之前的测试结果均正常，那么在 65 岁后停止筛查是可以的。虽然之后仍有可能出现异常，但专家表示风险足够低，足以支持停止筛查。
根据测试类型的不同，ACOG 和 W.P.S.I. 要求在停止前 10 年内有两次或三次正常的测试结果，而美国癌症协会则倾向于在 60 岁和 65. 岁时 HPV 测试呈阴性。不必担心这些细微的差异；请咨询你的医生。
随着年龄增长，阴道组织会发生变化，测试可能会变得更困难且更不舒适。因此，史密斯博士敦促患者和医生在 65 岁之前的这些年份里积极进行测试。
运动、饮食、睡眠和友谊是影响长寿的重要因素。
圣安东尼奥德克萨斯大学健康中心 (UT Health San Antonio) 长寿与衰老研究中心的主任。
对于一名 150 磅的成年人来说，这意味着每天需要 54 到 81 克的蛋白质。
为了确保每天摄入足够的蛋白质，并让身体能够优化处理，沃尔皮博士建议在每餐中都加入一些蛋白质。
走楼梯
专家谈到了将规律活动融入日常生活的重要性，而不仅仅是在专门的健身房锻炼时间。
“我不会将其称为锻炼，我会称之为体力活动，”沃尔皮博士说。
多项研究发现，每天行走大约 7,000 步可以显著降低人们的死亡风险以及与衰老相关的疾病风险。你可以通过各种方式实现这种日常活动：例如走楼梯而不是乘坐电梯，步行而不是开车，或者如果你必须开车，就把车停在远离入口的地方。久而久之，这些额外的步数会累积起来，并对你的健康产生影响。
接种带状疱疹疫苗
越来越多的证据表明，预防带状疱疹的疫苗也能预防痴呆症，将认知能力下降的风险降低大约 20 Percent。其他疫苗，特别是流感疫苗、肺炎球菌疫苗和 Tdap 疫苗，也可能提供一些益处。
科学家们并不确切知道原因，但一种假设是，通过预防感染，这些疫苗可以预防大脑和身体中炎症的主要诱因。
“这是最容易完成的事情，因为与几乎所有健康管理不同，它是一次性完成的，”埃马纽埃尔博士说。
整理家庭病史
虽然生活方式会影响人们患年龄相关疾病的风险，但基因也起作用。
沃尔皮博士建议了解你的家族中有哪些遗传疾病，然后与医生讨论如何随着时间的推移最好地管理你的风险。询问你应该留意哪些体征或症状，以及可以采取什么措施。
SUVI SUITIALA
坚持规律的就寝时间 睡眠不足与多种健康状况相关，包括肥胖症、糖尿病、心脏病和痴呆症。或许不出所料，它还与寿命缩短相关。 每晚保证七到八小时睡眠的建议说起来容易做起来难。因此，专家建议与其关注具体数字，不如尽力为自己创造成功的条件。 或许最重要的一点是尝试坚持规律的就寝时间。2024年的一项研究发现，睡眠规律性——即每天在大致相同的时间入睡和起床——比睡眠时长更能预测死亡率。
测试不必非得是 痛苦或令人困惑的。
纽约时报
在南卡罗来纳州里奇堡的商业与家庭安全保险研究所设施内，从左至右：一栋为野火测试而建、旨在被焚毁的房屋；正在进行的准备工作；工业涡轮机扇风使火焰随高达 50 英里的时速强风蔓延；一部由耐热材料保护的摄像机正在记录数据。在实验过程中，数百万个数据点将捕捉火势如何在房屋之间蔓延。
起火的多种方式
旨在保护社区
为了更好地理解山火如何蔓延，专家们正在将测试房屋付之一炬。
作者：MIRA ROJANASAKUL
南卡罗来纳州里奇堡 —— 在这里一个闷热的春日，一名被称为“纵火主管”的工人站在一栋房屋旁，手里拿着火炬。无线电里传出倒计时：“3, 2, 1！”随后，纵火主管点燃了房屋。几分钟内，火焰突破墙壁进入建筑内部。他们点燃了沙发、床、塞满衣服的衣橱以及存放着食用油和薯片的厨房 —— 所有这些都是加速火势蔓延的燃料。片刻之后，光芒与热浪从破碎的窗户中轰鸣而出，迫使围观者后退。这是一次测试。南卡罗来纳州的一家非营利组织从事一项不同寻常的业务：故意焚毁专门为此目的而建的房屋，以研究如何最好地保护人员及其财产免受灾难性山火的侵害。随着气候变化加剧热浪和干旱，山火正趋向于规模更大、速度更快。与此同时，人们继续迁入更容易受到火灾影响的地区。这种双重打击导致了创纪录的经济损失，因为房屋和整个社区被焚毁。
像这样的受控实验正为越来越多的证据提供支持，这些证据表明，如果在设计房屋和社区时采取正确措施，整个社区被火灾摧毁并非不可避免。“如果你能‘防止这栋房子起火，你很可能就防止了下一栋房子的起火’，”负责此次测试的组织——商业与家庭安全保险研究所（IBHS）研究执行董事默里·莫里森（Murray Morrison）说道。加州大学伯克利分校火灾研究实验室主任迈克尔·J·戈尔纳（Michael J. Gollner）表示，灾难性山火曾被认为是相对孤立的事件，但现在它们的发生频率已发生了显著变化。“我们必须开始意识到，我们的社区不再安全了，”他说。
南卡罗来纳州的这次测试是对气候变化已经以潜在毁灭性方式影响人们生活的承认。在测试屋起火后，IBHS 的员工追踪火焰如何钻入屋顶、击碎窗户，并向顺风方向的第二栋建筑发送一股湍急的余烬。在研究火势时，一排工业涡轮机以高达 50 英里每小时的阵风扇风 —— 这大致相当于 2018 年助长了加州天堂镇（Paradise）山火的风速，那是近年来最具毁灭性的灾难之一。到实验结束时，数百万个数据点将精确记录火势如何地从一栋房子蔓延到另一栋房子。
随着山火延伸至密集社区，这类火灾正变得越来越普遍。
房屋起火的方式不止一种。 通风口和窗户会让余烬潜入内部。过于易燃的外墙或屋顶材料会加速蔓延。 周边的物品同样重要。垃圾桶、露台家具、围栏、树篱和汽车都可能起火。这些“连接燃料”帮助火焰接触到房屋。
很少有组织拥有足够的资金和设施以此方式研究火灾。在系列实验中，研究人员已经焚毁了 14 栋测试屋。他们调整建筑材料、风速和其他变量，以模拟真实世界的条件。
这些以及其他实验提供了宝贵的教训。例如，使用旨在抵御余烬、热量和火焰的建筑材料和方法。清除院子里的易燃物品，特别是……
当火灾蔓延至密集社区时，房屋风险可能因建筑材料和景观布置而异。 从野地进入城市区域
建筑间火灾风险
风险较高 风险较低
……尤其是将植被维持在距离建筑物五英尺以外，以降低火势接触到建筑的可能性。一项分析发现，将这些策略结合起来的社区在面对重大火灾时，生存概率是其他社区的两倍。
保险业是 IBHS 的主要资金来源，目前正在利用其研究成果。加利福尼亚州要求保险公司在业主对其房产进行升级以提高防火性能时提供折扣。
摄影：WILL CROOKS 为《纽约时报》拍摄
上图，IBHS 员工在测试期间收集数据。左图，另一名员工防止余烬将火势蔓延至测试区域外。
最大的部分省钱方案来自于满足一组标准以获得 IBHS “野火准备住宅”（Wildfire Prepared Home）计划的认证，而不是进行个别的更改。加州第五大保险公司 CSAA 现已保证为任何持有该认证的人提供保单。研究还表明，建筑物之间的距离至关重要。根据 IBHS 的研究，理想情况下，房屋之间应保持 30 英尺或以上的距离，以最大限度地降低一栋房屋成为燃烧另一栋房屋燃料的可能性。当然，一旦社区建成，房屋之间的距离就无法修改。但莫里森博士问道：“我们能否在很大程度上降低风险，从而使邻居建筑上的加固材料实际上能防止你的房屋起火？”他说，“你试图做的是阻止灾难，而不是追求完美。”
尽管加利福尼亚州拥有全美最严格的新建筑标准，但在应对野火威胁方面仍难以跟上步伐。在 2017 和 2018, 年毁灭性的火灾季节之后，私人保险公司开始迅速放弃客户，导致超过 500,000 名房主转向州政府提供的成本高昂且保障极低的最后手段保险公司。许多人决定完全放弃保险。为了吸引保险公司重返该州，加州立法者已采取措施要求民众降低火灾风险。2020, 年，州议会通过了一项法案，要求在极易发生火灾地区的人们清除房屋周围前五英尺范围内的易燃材料。然而，一些地方官员和社区组织对此表示反对，该计划的实施被推迟。不愿等待的加州伯克利市颁布了其自身的版本规则，这些规则于一月份生效。
“这是一个拥有大量研究支撑的领域，”伯克利消防局助理局长科林·阿诺德表示。正如左图所示，伯克利市同一条街道上的房屋可能具有截然不同的火灾风险，这取决于建筑方式、周边植被以及与其他房屋的距离。通过重点关注最靠近东部易火丘的街区，伯克利官员希望降低对城市其余部分的威胁。为了缓解过渡期的压力，消防官员从自愿检查开始，社区团体也在免费帮助邻居清除灌木。此外，当地的景观建筑师正在帮助居民以仍具吸引力的方式改造庭院。
IBHS 主席罗伊·赖特表示，野火并非新威胁，它已经影响了人类数千年。“我不希望我们宣称可以通过某种设计完全摆脱这种风险，”他说。相反，目标是将人们置于一个“风险不再让人感到是灾难性”的环境中。
Grasp at Hope Is Worth Risk
Drives Young to Leave
By BEN HUBBARD and AIDA ALAMI
FNIDEQ, Morocco — When King Mohammed VI of Morocco addressed his people last Wednes- day to commemorate his 27th year on the throne, he spoke hope- fully of his North African nation’s future. Morocco, he said, is safe and stable, with a growing economy making great strides in tourism, investment and manufacturing. “This is a pivotal moment in our nation’s development,” the 62- year-old monarch said. “A time when confidence and optimism should prevail over despair and frustration.” Over the next two days, howev- er, tens of thousands of his citizens tried to escape the country. Driv- en by a bleak sense of their prospects in Morocco, they braved confrontations with the police and dangerous swims in the sea to reach the Spanish territory of Ceuta, hoping for better lives. “I tried to work and have a job and make a living, but there is nothing for me here,” said Mo- hammed Kinani, a 21-year-old construction worker, who had been forced back to Morocco. “If I don’t leave this country, there is nothing that will save me.” Mr. Kinani was part of a sudden exodus that began on Thursday when 50,000 to 60,000 migrants began forcing their way into Ceuta, a tiny Spanish territory on the North African coast. By Satur- day, many of the migrants had left, lacking food and water, and the Spanish security forces expelled others, but not before the crisis had given far-right politicians across Europe new ammunition to blast their opponents’ views on immigration. The Spanish authorities said on Sunday that they had recorded 72 deaths during the crisis. The Mo- roccan government reported 11 deaths. Both sides said most of the deaths were from drowning. Before the startling scenes of chaos at the border, the Moroccan government had much to cele- brate: investments in logistics and industry, preparations to co- host the men’s World Cup in 2030 and strong relations with Presi-
On Whether to Tone It Down
CHICAGO — When a leader of the Democratic Socialists of America recently appeared on “Fox News Sunday” and enthusi- astically affirmed the group’s plat- form — including goals such as eliminating the U.S. Senate and working toward abolishing pris-
JAMIE KELTER DAVIS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Some in the D.S.A. are happy to push for positions that many Americans consider radical.
INTERNATIONAL A4-11 Asia’s Lonely Tourist Hot Spots
Iran Feels It Has Upper Hand
Migrants returning to Morocco on Sunday after up to 60,000 entered Ceuta, a Spanish territory that shares a border with the country.
No-Bid Deals On Polar Fleet
This article is by Christopher Flavelle, Andrea Fuller and Nicho- las Nehamas.
Late one night last August, Al- exander Stubb, the president of Finland, was at his summer resi- dence two hours west of Helsinki when his phone rang. On the other end of the line was President Trump, calling with a request. He wanted to buy a fleet of mas- sive ships designed to cut through Arctic ice. Mr. Trump had long fixated on these hulking vessels, known as polar icebreakers. He viewed them as crucial to dominating the Arctic, where rising temperatures have put key shipping lanes and vast mineral wealth up for grabs. And he was incensed that the United States possessed far fewer than Russia. Two months later, Mr. Trump and Mr. Stubb were sitting in the Oval Office to announce a deal for 11 icebreakers, worth almost $7 billion, to be built by shipyards in both countries. The arrangement was unusual
By KELLEN BROWNING
ons — Democratic strategists wrung their hands and Republi- cans licked their lips. Acknowledging such aims, both parties predicted, could hinder progressive candidates and other Democrats painted with an extre- mist brush in the midterm elec- tions. At the D.S.A.’s national summit in Chicago over the weekend, many democratic socialists who had seen the Fox interview felt something different: pride. “You’re going to have to con- stantly push and advocate for things that people don’t think, un- til they think it,” said Chanpreet Singh, a D.S.A. leader from Se- attle. Hundreds of members of the group, the country’s largest so- cialist organization, gathered in Chicago at a moment of surging political influence, some wearing bright red shirts, swapping labor- strike tips with their “comrades,”
SPORTS B6-10 Used to a Big N.F.L. Challenge
Daylight Saving’s True Cost
Surf’s Up, and Risky, in Alaska
Projection of $9 Billion a Year Far Surpasses Mamdani’s Figure
Mayor Zohran Mamdani’s vi- sion for a free child care system for all New York City children un- der 5 could cost much more than he estimated, according to a re- port released on Monday. A new model developed by the Center for New York City Affairs, a nonpartisan research organiza- tion affiliated with the New School, estimated that the pro- posed program would cost $9 bil- lion annually, with an average cost per child of around $27,000. That’s about $5 billion more than the city spent on child care in 2025. City Hall has not yet released its own cost model. As a candidate, Mr. Mamdani said he thought it
A report from the Center for New York City Affairs could complicate the mayor’s ambitious plans.
By REID J. EPSTEIN and SAM EASTER A Tense Battle Between the Left and Center
Democrats’ nastiest, most ex- pensive Senate primary will cul- minate on Tuesday in Michigan, a pivotal midterm battleground where an insurgent progressive is looking to defeat an establish- ment-backed moderate in a con- test serving as a referendum on the party’s future. The race between Representa- tive Haley Stevens and Dr. Abdul El-Sayed, a former public health
A.I. Fast Tracks a Folk Ballad
would cost about $6 billion per year to create a free, universal child care system for children as young as 6 weeks, regardless of family income. The city currently offers free pre-K for 3-year-olds and 4-year-olds, with limited seats for 2-year-olds starting this fall. The mayor used the $6 billion figure to argue that the state would need to raise taxes on New York’s highest earners to pay for more seats. Free child care is by far the most ambitious, complex and ex-
official, is charged by tensions over Israel, how to fight President Trump and the G.O.P., and what makes a candidate electable. The result will factor into the fight for Senate control in November, and may have ramifications that ex- tend to the next presidential con- test. While polls conducted the last month have shown uncertainty in the competition, several recent public surveys showed Dr. El- Sayed leading, and he is increas- ingly seen by Democrats as the fa-
SERGEY PONOMAREV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
pensive piece of Mr. Mamdani’s push to expand the city’s safety net. The new projection under- scores just how difficult it could be to find the money to fund even part of his plan at a moment when families across the city have cited the soaring cost of child care as a primary reason they are strug- gling to afford life in New York. But the center’s research sug- gests that it would be next to im- possible for Mr. Mamdani to make good on his promise without re- ceiving billions of dollars in new revenue from the state or the fed- eral government, or perhaps both, said Lauren Melodia, the director of the center’s economic and fiscal policy work and one of the authors of the report. The roughly $3 billion gap be-
DAVE SANDERS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
vorite as voters prepare to make their picks. In the final stretch, the candidates are speaking about each other in sharply critical terms. Their supporters can be even more severe. “It’s the threats. It’s the ugli- ness,” said Representative Debbie Dingell of Michigan, a Democrat
LEAVE LOOPHOLES FOR TRUMP FUND
Holdouts Are Appeased, Paving Way for A.G.’s Confirmation
By DEVLIN BARRETT
WASHINGTON — A pair of documents issued by the acting attorney general, Todd Blanche, that narrow or dissolve aspects of a deal to resolve President Trump’s lawsuit against the I.R.S. have met the demands of two Re- publican holdouts. Senators Thom Tillis of North Carolina and John Cornyn of Texas refused to support Mr. Blanche’s nomination unless he committed in writing to dropping a $1.8 billion fund funneling tax- payer money to the president’s al- lies and putting stricter limits on a part of the plan that provides sweeping protections to Mr. Trump and those in his inner cir- cle from I.R.S. audits. Critics, however, say the writ- ten assurances are a political solu- tion to a political problem, rather than a legally binding document. “This case was flagrantly illegal from the start and they’re clearly trying to find a political way out of it that gets the attorney general confirmed without giving up their legal rights to actually enforce this illegal settlement,” said Matthew Platkin, a Democratic former New Jersey attorney gen- eral. He is now in private practice, representing various people suing over the fund. The Justice Department did not respond to a request for comment. For weeks, Mr. Blanche had re- sisted putting into writing his tes- timony to lawmakers that Mr. Trump’s fund was truly dead or that the tax protections applied more narrowly than the language in his initial order suggested. But on Sunday night, the administra- tion relented. One of the two documents Mr. Blanche released stated that the order creating the fund “is re- scinded and shall have no force or effect.” The second document lim- its a provision that gave broad protection to Mr. Trump, his rela- tives, and “related or affiliated in- dividuals” from tax audits. The new written order from Mr. Blanche says that the provision only covers the president, two of his sons and his company, and that it applies “only retroactively.” Mr. Tillis and Mr. Cornyn said in a statement that the documents assuaged their concerns, ending an intraparty stalemate that had stalled Mr. Blanche’s confirmation process for days. The senators added that they believed the de- partment had “acknowledged in a binding written order” that the au- dit protections were limited, “ad- dressing concerns that multiple of our Republican colleagues share.”
who is neutral in the Senate pri- mary. “You have to worry about security. You don’t know who could try to disrupt. Events are very scary right now.” In a recent interview with Amani Al-Khatahtbeh, founder of MuslimGirl.com, Dr. El-Sayed called Ms. Stevens “the least ca- pable candidate in America.” Ms. Stevens responded on social me- dia in part by saying, “Everyone in America understands you want to blame all of your problems on
SpaceX May Get Bumpier
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A protest in May 2025. While the president benefited from his memecoin, nearly one million people who bought it lost a total of $3.81 billion.
J. Trump has made huge amounts of money since returning to office.
By JESS BIDGOOD
President Trump has made more money while in office than most of us can even conceive of. In 2025, he took in more than $2.2 billion, according to financial disclo- sures that we’ve been parsing here at The New York Times. Democrats intend to make a big deal of this in the midterm elections, by accusing Mr. Trump of corruptly using his office to enrich himself as consumer prices rise and inequality widens. A CNN poll released last week found that nearly two-thirds of Ameri- cans thought Mr. Trump had gone too far in pursuing his personal business interests while president. The president is betting that the Demo- cratic argument won’t land, and he’s draw- ing from his own experience. In January, he told several of my colleagues covering the White House that he “got no credit” for his family’s decision not to conduct new busi- ness abroad during his first term. Adjusting for inflation, he made $594 million during his first full year in office (a measly sum, compared with 2025). “I found out that nobody cared,” he said. We’re going to hear a lot about this as Democrats test his theory. For the On Poli- tics newsletter, I invited Andrea Fuller, a data reporter at The Times, to explain how the president made his money during his first year back in office. Read an edited excerpt from our exchange below.
What did you and our colleagues learn about Trump’s wealth?
The $2.2 billion that President Trump made
Blanche Gives G.O.P. Senators Written Assurances on Trump’s I.R.S. Deal In documents made public Sunday night, Todd Blanche, acting attorney general and President Trump’s former personal lawyer, said the Justice Department had dropped its plan for a $1.8 billion “anti- weaponization fund” and clarified the terms of an I.R.S. settlement with the president. Two Republican senators who threatened to spike Mr. Blanche’s nomination for attorney general, John Cornyn of Texas and Thom Tillis of North Carolina, announced in turn on Monday that they would support his nomination. More than 1,200 readers commented.
Author of Democrats’ 2024 Autopsy Says Party Left Out Key Chapter Paul Rivera, the author of the Democratic Party’s autopsy of the 2024 presidential campaign, provided to The New York Times a chapter that he said was left out of the document. The head of the Dem- ocratic National Committee denied that he ever received the chapter.
Ariana Grande to Step Away From Public Life After Tour Ends Ariana Grande “will be taking a step back from visibility” after her Eternal Sunshine Tour concludes next month, a spokeswoman for the singer said on Sunday. The pop star has faced scrutiny about her weight loss, with images of her appearing in tabloids and on social media.
The Best Clothing Stores in New York The Style desk’s guide to the best shopping in New York included SoHo chic and Brooklyn vintage but also an earnest sporting goods store and Nordstrom. The list of 25 stores was built using criteria such as inventory, curation, proprietorship, customer service, ambience, location and payoff.
last year is more than triple the revenue he reported during the first year of his first term. That’s new revenue — not his net worth. Trump’s financial disclosures don’t tell us with much precision how much money he’s worth. But the fact that a president gener- ated billions in revenue while occupying the Oval Office is unheard of.
You are an investigative reporter. How deep did you have to dig to find this number? To put it another way — is this a figure Trump has kept close to the vest, or is it something he has been open about?
It was actually out in the open. Many as- pects of Trump’s wealth, like his tax re- turns, have been secret. But Trump, like presidents before him, is required to file a form with the Office of Government Ethics each year, revealing how much money he made from business ventures. The downside is that it comes in a 900- page document that most people wouldn’t want to sit down and read. Fortunately, with the help of computer programming, I was able to extract that data and put it into a spreadsheet I could analyze.
Tell us more about what you found. Were there any surprises buried in all that data?
The exact magnitude of the money he had made last year was a mystery until now. For example, we previously reported that he and his associates made at least $320 million from his memecoin. The new documents told us that he actually took in a whopping $636 million. (A memecoin is technically cryptocurrency but more like a collectible — you can’t usually spend it.) These documents also told us for the first time how much money he made from a deal between his family’s crypto company,
World Liberty Financial, and a firm tied to the government of the United Arab Emir- ates. (That was more than $200 million.) Interestingly, most of the revenue growth came from new ventures like crypto. It was surprising that the money he made from his domestic golf and real estate businesses had risen by only about 4 percent since 2017, once you accounted for inflation. For someone who has always been thought of as a real estate mogul, that income is now dwarfed by the money he’s making from crypto deals.
Legal consequences are one thing. The ballot box is another. We know this smashes norms set by other presidents. Do we know if voters care?
Some Democrats have certainly been mak- ing it a campaign issue. Senator Jon Ossoff, a Georgia Democrat, has been labeling this “the most corrupt administration of all time.” James Talarico, a Democrat running for Senate in Texas, has promised anti- corruption legislation. But here’s the rub: For decades, a major- ity of Americans have said there is wide- spread government corruption. And cor- ruption allegations have long dogged both parties — House Republicans released an entire report on how the Biden family made millions from foreign entities. There have been some signs, however, that voters are paying closer attention in light of the billions Trump made last year. The Times has reported that while only a small sliver of voters view corruption as the No. 1 issue, it’s a top-three issue for more than a third of them. That’s a spike from a decade ago.
Subscribe to the On Politics newsletter at nytimes.com/newsletters.
AT FARM HOMESTEAD
August 4, 1923. Calvin Coolidge was sworn in as the 30th president of the United States early the previ- ous morning, a few hours after the sudden death of President Warren G. Harding in San Francisco, The Times reported. John Coolidge, Coolidge’s father, administered the oath of office by the faint light of a kerosene lamp on the family’s homestead in Plym- outh, Vt. “It was the first time in the history of the Republic that a father installed his son as the Chief Executive of the nation,” The Times wrote. As presi- dent, Coolidge was generally well liked, handily winning re-election in 1924 and presiding over ro- bust economic growth, but four years after he as- sumed the presidency, he announced unexpectedly that he would not run again in 1928.
ELIZABETH FRANTZ FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Facts of Interest
Only 12 percent of Americans say they want to keep changing their clocks twice a year in accordance with daylight saving time, according to an AP-NORC poll in October.
Let the Sun Shine. But When? D1
A.I. is helping people write corridos — traditional Mexican folk ballads that for generations have helped Mexican and Mexican American communities make sense of violence, injustice and loss on their own terms — within hours.
At Speed of A.I., a Man Killed By ICE Became a Folk Ballad A14
In Europe, storage facilities for natural gas, which households and businesses use extensively for boilers and furnaces, are only 54 percent full. That’s the second-lowest level for summer since 2011.
Europe Faces High Prices For Energy This Winter B1
Amy Schumer is the only female comedian who has performed stand-up as a headliner at Madison Square Garden.
In Feminist Stand-Up, She Is Standing Out C1
In Cambodia, international arrivals in the first three months of this year declined by 45 percent compared with the same period last year, tourism officials said.
Asia’s Tourist Hot Spots Are Missing A Vital Element: Europeans A4
There is growing evidence that the vaccine to prevent shingles also protects against dementia, reducing the risk of cognitive decline by roughly 20 percent.
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The Democratic Party recently reported more than $2 million in debt, while the Republican National Committee had $128.5 million in the bank.
Author of 2024 Autopsy Says Democrats Left Out Chapter A20
The Mini Crossword
1 2 3 4 5
8/4/2026 BY JOEL FAGLIANO
ACROSS
1 Put in persistent hard work
6 The “A” of A/V
7 Buzzers by the trash
8 What was always seen blocking
Wilson’s face, on “Home Improvement”
9 Outer boundaries
DOWN
1 Politician’s stumble
2 Was totally awesome
3 What bar bouncers spend all
night doing
4 Nephew’s sister
5 Units of a vaccine
Reader Corner Callout: Was your trip to Europe affected by heat or wildfires?
A helicopter battling a wildfire near Nea Peramos, west of Athens, on Monday.
As wildfires rage in France, Spain, Greece and elsewhere, and as several devastating heat waves affect major cities like Paris and London, Europe is experiencing a summer of reckoning. Some travelers are questioning whether it’s time to give up on summer in Western Europe altogether. Have your travel plans been affected by the heat or the fires? If so, we want to hear from you.
In Our Inbox Excerpts From New York Times Newsletters
Last month was the 50th anniversary of the death penalty’s return in the United States. Maurice Chammah, a journalist for the nonprofit news organization The Marshall Project, recently produced a podcast with the Serial team at The Times called “The Last 12 Weeks,” which focused on efforts by a group of lawyers to stop their client’s execution. For The World, Katrin Bennhold spoke to Mr. Chammah about the podcast, and America’s unusual commitment to the death penalty. Read an edited excerpt below.
Is there any other democracy that still has the death penalty?
What’s the trend going forward? At this moment of resurgent populism and authoritarianism, should we expect a resurgence of the death penalty, too?
Sign up for The World at nytimes.com/newsletters.
Here to Help A Recipe for Double-Tomato Pasta Salad
For full-spectrum tomato flavor, this pasta salad pairs fresh tomatoes with sun-dried toma- toes. The sun-dried tomato oil and the water released from salted tomatoes serve as a built-in dressing. Nuts and herbs add crunch and freshness, but feel free to add more embellishments right before serving, such as mozzarella or shaved Parmesan. ALI SLAGLE
TIME: 35 MINUTES, PLUS COOLING
YIELD: 4 TO 6 SERVINGS
1 (7- to 8-ounce) jar sun-dried tomatoes packed in oil 1½ cups raw pine nuts, walnuts, hazelnuts or almonds, coarsely chopped ¼ cup extra-virgin olive oil 2 garlic cloves, finely grated Kosher salt (such as Diamond Crystal) Freshly found black pepper 1 pound long or twirly noodles, like linguine or fusilli 2 pounds ripe tomatoes Lemon juice or red wine vinegar, to taste 2 cups torn basil, mint, dill or arugula leaves, or a combination
Yes, but it’s extremely rare, and of the democracies that have it, the U.S. carries out by far the most executions. It’s defi- nitely something more associated with authoritarian regimes. Those countries carry out far more executions than the U.S. Last year, 47 people were executed in America. By compari- son, Saudi Arabia executed 356 people and Iran over 1,000.
It’s possible. Amnesty International put out a report last year linking what it calls rising authoritarianism and the use of executions. Authoritarianism and populism are not the same thing. But we are seeing a rise of both across the world. Trump has been trying to rev up the use of the federal death penalty. We’re also seeing a return to all of these different experimental execution methods, like the firing squad. In Israel, the Knesset passed a law earlier this year to allow executions of people whose crimes are working against the state of Israel — in other words, a law that is expected to only be applied to Palestinians. But actually, overall, the long-term trend is pointing down- ward. In the U.S., the number of people sentenced to death has been dropping since it last peaked in the 1990s. Juries seem less interested in handing down the death penalty. Prosecu- tors don’t seek it as often. The public appetite is actually just not as strong as it once was.
SAKURA TAMAGAWA
Tell us: If you canceled your trip to Europe, where were you planning to go? What per- suaded you to change your plans? If you traveled in spite of the heat and fires, how did they affect your trip?
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While the water is coming to a boil, coarsely chop the ripe tomatoes. Add to the sun-dried tomato mixture, season with 1 teaspoon salt and stir to combine. (Tomato mixture can be made up to 2 hours ahead.)
Add the drained pasta to the tomato mixture and stir to combine. Let sit until room temperature, about 15 minutes or up to 2 hours. Pasta salad will keep up to 3 days if refrigerated.
When ready to eat, taste the pasta salad. If flavors are muted, add salt and lemon juice or red wine vinegar. If it’s too sweet, add black pepper and lemon juice or red wine vinegar. Stir in the greens and eat.
LOUISA GOULIAMAKI/REUTERS
RYAN LIEBE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES FOOD STYLIST: BARRETT WASHNURNE
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Rungrat Huailek said that with the European tourists gone, residents in Phang Nga were cutting nonessential expenses. Asia’s Tourist Hot Spots Are Missing a Vital Element: Europeans
Channipha Laklaem, who works at Surakul Pier in Phang Nga, Thailand, said visits had dropped sharply since the war began.
Is Largest Disruption Since Spread of Covid
By JOHN YOON and MUKTITA SUHARTONO
Khon Mony normally shuttles at least four groups of tourists on his tuk tuk to the ancient stone spires of Angkor Wat in Cambodia each week. But in all of May, he did not get a single customer. He blames the war raging over 3,000 miles away in the Middle East. Since the United States and Israel at- tacked Iran in late February, airfares have soared — doubled on some routes — and the fighting has repeatedly dis- rupted flights at the commercial aviation hubs of Dubai and Doha. While the tourism industries of Cam- bodia, Indonesia and Thailand have largely been resilient because of regional travel, some towns and cities that rely on European travelers have suffered. Many European tourists have canceled trips to these hot spots in favor of holidays closer to home in recent months, travel indus- try officials said. This has imposed immense financial difficulties on Mr. Khon, 30. Each time he prepares his 7-month-old baby’s formula, he said, he uses one scoop of powdered milk instead of the recommended two and a half, so he can stretch a can from 10 days to three weeks. “I worry that my daughter is not healthy because I cannot give her enough milk like before,” said Mr. Khon, as he looked out across a quiet street in Siem Reap, a major tourism hub in Cam- bodia. The fallout from the war is the most jarring disruption to Southeast Asia’s vi- tal tourism industry since the Covid pan- demic, according to travel industry offi- cials. In Cambodia, international arrivals in the first three months of this year de- clined by 45 percent compared with the same period last year, tourism officials said. Mr. Khon said that he used to earn an average of about 82,000 Cambodian riel, or $20, a day ferrying visitors. That has now dropped to less than $5 a day. Businesses at Siem Reap Angkor In- ternational Airport have slashed work hours. Lam Lan, 25, a cook at an airport restaurant, said his shifts had been cut from 30 days a month to around 20 since March. His monthly earnings dropped from $250 to less than $150. After factoring in gasoline costs and debt payments, Mr. Lam said he had just enough to buy soy milk for his 1-year-old daughter while his wife was pregnant with their second child. “I am worried about my second baby because I do not have money saved for his birth,” Mr. Lan said. Chrun Kimseng, 59, a tour guide who has led Spanish-speaking travelers through Angkor Wat for over 30 years, said he was making 35 percent less than what he did before the Iran war started. To compensate, he started growing vege- tables and raising chickens to reduce his food expenses. “My income now is only enough for survival,” he said. In the Phang Nga province of neigh- boring Thailand, there is a similar crisis. Hotel bookings there have dropped by around 50 percent since the war began, local officials said. At Surakul Pier — the main gateway for boat tours to Koh Khao Phing Kan, an island that featured in a James Bond film — the financial damage was visible. Where a steady procession of minibuses and long-tail boats once carried thou- sands of tourists a day, dozens of vessels now sit idle, rocking quietly at their moorings. “I don’t know how long we can sur- vive,” said Channipha Laklaem, 46, who collects the pier’s boat fees of 10 Thai baht, or $0.30. There had been almost no trips to collect fees from since the war be- gan, she said. Her husband, a boat operator for 16 years, has not had any customers since April, she said. The family now relies en- tirely on her $243 monthly wage. She said she stopped along the roadside ev- ery evening on her way home to forage for wild ivy gourd leaves and melinjo fruit to boil into a basic soup for her hus- band and two children. “We used to go out over the weekend for entertainment with the kids. We used to eat out,” Ms. Channipha said. “Not anymore. It’s a luxury we cannot afford.” Rungrat Huailek, 53, who has run boat tours in Phang Nga for 30 years, said that
Tourists on a causeway to the Angkor Wat temple complex in Siem Reap. International arrivals in Cambodia declined by 45 percent in the first quarter.
Tuk tuk drivers waiting for passengers outside of the Angkor Wat temple complex. One driver, Khon Mony, did not have a single customer in May.
A worker putting out a discount sign for services in front of a spa in Siem Reap, which is a major tourism hub in Cambodia.
An almost empty beach in Khao Lak, Thailand. Many European tourists have canceled trips in favor of holidays closer to home in recent months.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY LAUREN DeCICCA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
of travelers from Australia and China. But local tour operators who catered spe- cifically to European visitors said they were worried about the coming months. Governor Wayan Koster of Bali said the Iran war had reduced the number of European visitors who reached the is- land by transiting through Middle East- ern travel hubs. Putu Winastra, chair- man of the island’s tour agency associa- tion, said he had frozen salaries at his company because he expected bookings to drop by 45 percent this year. Bali’s tourism officials have launched an urgent campaign to find new customers elsewhere, sending sales mis- sions to Australia, China, Singapore and South Korea, Mr. Winastra said. The In- donesian government has also waived taxes on domestic economy airfares to encourage Indonesians to holiday at home. With no clear end to the war in sight, tourism workers are improvising to sur- vive. Some boat operators in Phang Nga have returned to fishing or taken farm jobs. In the nearby Thai resort town of Khao Lak, nail beautician Nantipa Yam- santia, 41, said she had begun training to become a masseuse. In Siem Reap, Mr. Khon still shows up at the taxi stand every morning, waiting for fares that rarely materialize. A for- mer kitchen hand, he is weighing whether to abandon his tuk tuk entirely to look for restaurant work, even though local eateries are also trimming staff hours. For now, he is cutting down on what he eats so he can give a little more porridge to his daughter. “I have no other choice,” he said.
Former President Porfilio Lobo was also accused of corruption in Honduras but won a dismissal of his case last month.
Former Leader Faces Justice in Honduras
By JOAN SUAZO and EMILIANO RODRÍGUEZ MEGA
TEGUCIGALPA, Honduras — Just eight months ago, Juan Or- lando Hernández was beginning a 45-year prison sentence in a West Virginia federal penitentiary for sweeping drug trafficking and weapons charges. Now, Mr. Hernández is back on home soil to face justice in his country. A former president of Hon- duras, he was extradited to the United States in 2022, following charges of operating his country as a “narco-state” and saying he would “shove the drugs right up the noses of the gringos” by flood- ing the United States with co- caine. Two years ago, he was found guilty in a U.S. federal court. But after his family and right- wing political operatives lobbied for his release, President Trump pardoned him in November. “Today I came back to my homeland,” Mr. Hernández, who led his country from 2014 to 2022, told a crowd of cheering support- ers upon his return just over a week ago. “I come to be just an- other Honduran who builds, up- lifts and unifies — both inside and outside my party.” However, his homecoming starts a new legal battle. Despite having his U.S. convic- tion wiped clean, and delaying his return home until after a Hon- duran arrest warrant against him was suspended, Mr. Hernández remains a target in an enormous graft investigation in Honduras known as the Pandora Case. The inquiry centers on a network of lawmakers and high-ranking poli- ticians who, from 2010 to 2013, are said to have diverted public funds meant for social programs, agri- culture and poverty reduction. They then funneled that money, Honduran prosecutors say, into private foundations to finance po- litical campaigns — including Mr. Hernández’s successful 2013 pres- idential bid. He has maintained that the accusations against him are politically motivated. Here is what to know as Mr. Hernández steps back into the spotlight to face Honduran justice.
Annie Correal contributed report- ing.
By ALAN YUHAS
Flying over the southwestern Amazon, archaeologists have dis- covered hundreds of ancient, monumental designs carved in the earth that hint at complex so- cieties in the rainforest a millen- nium before Spanish and Por- tuguese colonists arrived. The research, published this week in the journal Nature, shows circles, squares and other geomet- ric figures, some with connecting roads, beneath the forest canopy, with nearly 400 previously un- known earthworks in all. Many are formations that archaeolo- gists call geoglyphs and date from between 600 B.C. to 850 A.D. All of them add to evidence contradict- ing the depiction of the Amazon as a largely untouched expanse be- fore the arrival of Europeans in the 15th century. To see under the dense canopy near the borders of Bolivia, Brazil and Peru, the researchers used a laser-scanning technology called lidar — an acronym for light de- tection and ranging — which ar- chaeologists and other scholars around the world have used to map sites invisible to the naked eye. The geoglyphs, shaped by em- bankments, mounds and trenches, vary in size. Most span seven acres, including many with ditches 30 feet wide and 15 feet deep. The biggest figure sprawls across more than 120 acres. “This is an important and ambi- tious study, based on exception- ally extensive lidar coverage for this region, which reveals the re- markable scale of pre-Columbian
DANIELE VOLPE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
What did a U.S. court find him guilty of?
Less than three weeks after Mr. Hernández stepped down in 2022 from his second presidential term, the U.S. authorities requested his arrest and extradition from the newly installed left-wing govern- ment in Honduras. Shortly after, elite police units surrounded his home in Teguci- galpa, the capital, and he was flown in handcuffs to the United States. In 2024, a federal court in New York found Mr. Hernández guilty of using Honduras as a primary transit hub for 400 tons of U.S.- bound cocaine and authorizing the use of machine guns and grenade launchers to protect a drug trafficking emporium. In court, Judge P. Kevin Castel called Mr. Hernández “a two- faced politician hungry for power” who posed as an antidrug warrior while secretly partnering with traffickers. Before being sen- tenced, Mr. Hernández insisted that he had been the target of po- litical persecution. “It’s as if I had been thrown into a deep river with my hands bound,” he said. U.S. prosecutors also said that Mr. Hernández received “millions of dollars of drug money” from criminal actors, including from the notorious Mexican drug lord Joaquín Guzmán Loera, known as El Chapo.
Why was he pardoned?
Mr. Hernández’s cause was taken up by conservative figures like Roger J. Stone Jr., who was him- self pardoned by Mr. Trump in 2020. Mr. Stone, a longtime friend and ally of Mr. Trump, admitted to delivering a pardon request to the White House personally last year, arguing that the political left had wrongfully framed Mr. Hernán- dez. Though the investigation into Mr. Hernández’s ties with drug traffickers primarily took place during Mr. Trump’s first term, the White House said he had been “set up” and targeted because “he was opposed to the values” of the Bi- den administration. “There was virtually no inde- pendent evidence presented,” Mr.
Circles, squares and geometric figures were among the hundreds of geoglyphs discovered in the Amazon rainforest. Right, a lidar image of an earthwork in Acre, Brazil. The sites added to evidence that the Amazon basin was densely populated before Columbus.
landscape modification in south- western Amazonia,” said José Iri- arte, an archaeologist at the Uni- versity of Exeter who was not in- volved in the research. Further excavation, he said, would be crucial in investigating the geoglyphs, which in many ways remain mysterious, includ- ing “how they were used and whether they were associated with residence, ceremonies or other activities.” Drawing in part on oral ac- counts from the Apurinã nation, the Indigenous group that lives in the center of the earthwork area, the researchers said that the de- signs likely had several purposes. “We are quite sure that those are used for festivities, political occasions, ceremonies, dance, music and also competition like
Trump’s press secretary, Karoline Leavitt, told reporters after the pardon in December, adding that Mr. Hernández’s conviction relied heavily on the testimony of “ad- mitted criminals” seeking re- duced sentences. Mr. Trump’s pardon also co- incided with his endorsement of a right-wing presidential candidate from Mr. Hernández’s party, Nasry Asfura, who went on to win last year’s elections.
What charges does he face at home?
Honduran prosecutors have brought fraud and money-laun- dering charges against Mr. Hernández, accusing him of si- phoning roughly $2.4 million in public funds, including from the Ministry of Agriculture, to finance his 2013 presidential bid while he led the National Congress. The money was allegedly laun- dered through two nonprofits to disguise its public origin before being funneled into his campaign. In December, the Honduran at-
ball games,” said Martti Pärssi- nen, the lead author and an emeri- tus professor at the University of Helsinki. The researchers attributed the structures to an ancient society they called the Aquiry, which Dr. Pärssinen described as a multicul- tural, multilingual group that “shared a common cosmology” re- flected in these ceremonial cen- ters. “Nobody has totally figured out” the exact purpose or mean- ing of the geoglyphs, which may have astronomically related forms, said Anna Roosevelt, a pro- fessor of anthropology at the Uni- versity of Illinois Chicago, who was not on the team. Dr. Pärssinen said the archaeol- ogists had not found any evidence
MARTTI PÄRSSINEN
MARTTI PÄRSSINEN AND FABIO DE NOVAES
torney general issued an interna- tional arrest warrant and an Inter- pol Red Notice seeking Mr. Hernández’s detention. But in June, both were suspended after the country’s judiciary accepted his request to turn himself in vol- untarily.
What do Hondurans think of his return?
Mr. Hernández’s arrival in Hon- duras has fractured public opin- ion. Last week, a nationwide survey by ERIC-SJ, a Jesuit human rights center, found that 52 percent of participants opposed his return. But 46 percent supported it. For his supporters, Mr. Hernán- dez is a victim of political persecu- tion whose homecoming feels like total vindication. For critics, he re- mains the ultimate symbol of state corruption. “Seeing Juan Orlando set foot in Honduras again fills me with a great sense of peace,” said Sandra Gálvez, 52, a school janitor in Te- gucigalpa.
of permanent residence at the mounds from the Aquiry era, which ended around 900 A.D. Nor did they believe any were meant to be defensive structures. But the structures, stretching across a zone of 1,700 square miles, build on evidence that the Amazon basin was widely and densely populated in the cen- turies before Columbus. Chroni- clers like Gaspar de Carvajal, a missionary who traveled the Am- azon in the 1540s with the conquis- tador Francisco de Orellana, de- scribed a land “thickly populated” in some places, with many large settlements, including one that “stretched for five leagues with- out there intervening any space from house to house.” Those accounts were largely
ELMER MARTINEZ/ASSOCIATED PRESS
A supporter of Mr. Hernández’s conservative National Party, Ms. Gálvez added that Mr. Trump’s pardon “proved what we in the party have always said: that the trial against Juan Orlando was a lie concocted by criminals and po- litical enemies.” Others strongly disagree. Mr. Hernández’s troubled tenure saw deadly protests erupt over his dis- puted re-election in 2017 and a surge in migration out of Hon- duras as people confronted vio- lence and poverty. The Sunday Mr. Hernández ar- rived in Honduras, Father Ovidio Rodríguez, a Catholic priest in Te- gucigalpa, went viral after deliv- ering a searing critique of the crowds celebrating the former president’s return during Mass. “I’m going to say this, and I ask for your forgiveness: The Hon- duran people are masochists,” Fa- ther Rodríguez said, reminding the public not to forget major cor- ruption scandals associated with Mr. Hernández, including the Pan- dora Case. “A masochist,” he said, “is some- one who lives happily with pain.”
dismissed in the centuries that fol- lowed, given the crushing toll that disease and colonization took on Indigenous people. Scientists who followed also struggled to see how large or complex societies could develop without European-style agriculture, contributing to a false idea that the Amazon was a pris- tine forest, rather than one where the population was almost wiped out. “Archaeologists find all of these things that are not supposed to be found in Amazonia, and it’s not be- cause Amazonia is different in terms of the soil but how you use the forest,” Dr. Roosevelt said. Recent work in other parts of the Amazon has found the traces of roads, canals, plazas and resi- dential platforms, including in
LEONEL ESTRADA/REUTERS
Juan Orlando Hernández, a Honduran president from 2014 to 2022, after returning to his country last month. At left, his extradition to the United States in 2022.
What happens now?
Mr. Hernández was set to appear before a Honduran Supreme Court justice on Monday for his initial arraignment, at which the judge was to decide if he would be detained while the proceedings continue. An evidentiary hearing was to occur shortly after. The judge could then send the case toward trial, shelve it or dismiss the charges entirely. If the case moves to trial, it won’t end anytime soon. Compli- cated banking records, shell com- panies and political finance net- works mean that audits and ap- peals could easily drag the legal battle out for years. Yet a strong legal precedent al- ready exists in his favor. One of Mr. Hernández’s co-de- fendants in the Pandora Case is his predecessor, former President Porfirio Lobo — whom the U.S. placed sanctions on in 2021, alleg- ing he accepted cartel bribes. Honduran prosecutors accused Mr. Lobo, whose term ran from 2010 to 2014, of allowing public funds to be diverted systemat- ically under his watch. However, Mr. Lobo won a com- plete dismissal last month after his defense successfully argued that even if funds were stolen, prosecutors could not prove he had personal knowledge of or or- dered the theft. Mr. Hernández’s lawyers, experts say, could em- ploy a similar argument. “It wouldn’t be surprising if he walks away cleared of all charges,” said Juan Carlos Aguilar, an anti-corruption law- yer, noting that Honduras has never convicted a former presi- dent. “This case presents a major test for Honduras,” Mr. Aguilar said, “especially for its justice system.”
eastern Ecuador. Dr. Pärssinen’s team estimated that there may be thousands more earthworks in the region, and noted that the rainfor- est remains so dense in some places that even lasers could not pierce the foliage. In other places, scientists warned, deforestation for agricul- ture may have damaged or de- stroyed sites. “This heritage is highly threatened by logging and soybean farming,” said Eduardo Neves, an archaeologist at the University of São Paulo, who was not on the team. Dr. Pärssinen’s team also sug- gested that at the peak of Aquiry society, between 100-300 A.D., the total population of just this region may have reached up to three mil- lion people. Population estimates are a sub- ject of intense and sometimes thorny debate among re- searchers. Some experts said that the latest study’s proposal should be treated with caution, since it extrapolates not from excavated settlements but from a number of other factors, like how many earthwork sites may be in the re- gion and how many people were probably needed to build and maintain them. But most scientists now hold that the 16th-century accounts of dense populations were not as far- fetched as many generations be- lieved. “They thought that it was imag- ination of Carvajal and the expedi- tion of Orellana, which saw really huge settlements,” Dr. Pärssinen said.
dent Trump, who has lavished the country of 38 million and its mon- arch with praise. But the Ceuta migration crisis exposed a deep dismay among its young people, who, when faced with scant job opportunities, re- current droughts and frequent ar- rests of government critics, chose to vote with their feet and get out. “Do you think if I had a job I would have gone?” snapped Ahlam al-Adnan, 22, when asked where she had worked before she set off for Ceuta. She sat in the sun near the border on Sunday, look- ing exhausted. She had swum to the territory with her four siblings, including her 8-year-old brother, she said. In Ceuta, they hid in a forest but be- came hungry, so she went to look for food, got detained and was sent back to Morocco. Over the weekend, thousands of the returned migrants, most of them young Moroccan men, wan- dered the streets of the Moroccan town of Fnideq, resting on side- walks and sleeping in open lots. Most wore shorts, T-shirts and sandals, and carried few pos- sessions, if any. Teams of police officers in black uniforms swept through town, pushing the migrants out of public areas and bundling those who re- sisted into vans. Outside of town, dozens of buses stood near a gas station, filling up with captured migrants who would be ferried back to their home regions. Anxious relatives of migrants who had set off for Ceuta and never returned sat along the road hoping for news. When groups of newly returned migrants walked by, the relatives would show them photos of their missing loved ones, in case any- one had seen them. Abdelkhalek Moumouh and his wife, Kawtar Alalej, asked about their eldest son Saad, 18. He had recently finished high school but had not been accepted to university programs in engi- neering, aviation and architec- ture, his father said. He wanted to study in Europe, but the family could not afford it. When the family saw the news on social media that migrants were entering Ceuta, the parents drove their son to the border, they said, hoping this would be his chance. They hadn’t heard from him since. “Other people went to Europe and benefited from it,” said Mr. Moumouh, 50. “We already wasted our lives in Morocco. We don’t want him to.” The migrants’ determination to leave made it clear that Morocco, often considered a North African success story, has failed to deliver hope for many of its youth. The country is politically stable,
Europe’s Far Right Sets The Tone on a Crisis
By MARK LANDLER
PARIS — In its chaos, desper- ation and sheer scale, the sudden surge this week of tens of thou- sands of migrants into a Spanish territory in North Africa recalled similar scenes 11 years ago along the coasts of Greece and Italy. It was that 2015 crisis — when more than a million people, mostly from the Middle East, swept into southern Europe — that deepened opposition to immigration across Europe and emboldened the far right. Now as then, far-right leaders have tried to exploit scenes of border chaos on the doorstep of Europe. In Britain, France and Italy, anti-immigrant politicians warned that the latest crisis was stark proof of the dangers of Spain’s immigration policies, which are more liberal than those of many of its European neighbors. The difference is that these far-right parties, largely margin- al in 2015, are now either in power or have a plausible path to it. And Europe’s centrist leaders, desperate to avoid a political backlash, have adopted some of their hard-line policies and lan- guage on immigration, abandon- ing the more welcoming ap- proach of 2015. In little more than a decade, the far right has large- ly reshaped the immigration narrative. “If centrist leaders give the impression that they are being outflanked on these issues, they will lose the narrative com- pletely,” said François Gemenne, an expert on migration and cli- mate issues at HEC Paris, a business school. “That’s why they feel obliged to show them- selves as very tough on issues like border control.” Centrist leaders in countries
attractive to foreign investors and tourists, and a valued partner to the United States. That relationship has deepened since Mr. Trump’s first term, when Morocco joined a small group of Arab states that established diplo- matic relations with Israel. In tan- dem, the Trump administration endorsed Morocco’s claim of sov- ereignty over Western Sahara, a disputed territory. Last month, King Mohammed informed Mr. Trump that he was naming a 656-mile expressway through the territory the Donald J. Trump Highway. In recent years, the Moroccan government has showcased large investments aimed at strength- ening the economy, including in a port on the Mediterranean and a high-speed train. It is spending lavishly on stadiums for the 2030 World Cup, which it will be co-host of with Spain and Portugal. But the government’s policies focus on large companies and big infrastructure while creating too few lasting jobs, said Najib Akesbi, an economist at the Insti- tute of Agronomy in the capital,
like Denmark and France quickly condemned the influx to Ceuta, the Spanish territory whose borders were overwhelmed on Thursday. They vowed to fortify their frontiers to block the mi- grants, even though most of the new arrivals had turned around and crossed back into Morocco within hours. Prime Minister Mette Frede- riksen of Denmark, a social democrat who has enacted one of Europe’s strictest asylum poli- cies, called on her fellow leaders to consider suspending Spain from the Schengen area, which allows free movement between 29 countries in Europe. There was little to differentiate her reaction from that of Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni of Italy, a right-wing leader who came to power promising to curb immi- gration. Ms. Meloni said the images from Ceuta were “strik- ing and demonstrate, once again, that uncontrolled illegal immi- gration poses a concrete threat.” Italy, she added on social media, “will not stand by and watch.” Chancellor Friedrich Merz of Germany demanded that Moroc- co “take back illegal migrants immediately.” It was a long way from Angela Merkel, Germany’s last center-right chancellor. She famously said, “wir schaffen das” — “we can do this” — when confronted with a wave of refu- gees from war-torn Syria in 2015, many of whom are now Euro- pean citizens, integrated into European society. These responses attest to the general hardening of Europe’s immigration policies, a trend that has made Spain’s current left- wing government an outlier. Countries like Sweden, once viewed as generous in creating routes to citizenship, have passed stricter rules on granting asylum and legal residency. More aggressive measures at sea have seen maritime migration levels
Rabat. “The entire logic of the eco- nomic model is the showcase,” he said. “People visit Morocco and they find it beautiful.” Many of the investments, he said, turn out to be “white ele- phants” that create construction work that disappears once the projects are complete, not lasting employment. “They are not concerned by the
plummet since 2015. Analysts said the tough tone from leaders in recent days reflected a recognition that even if Europe is far from seeing a repeat of the 2015 crisis, public opinion can still be easily swayed by dramatic images — whether of rickety boats landing on Eng- lish beaches or young men scal- ing chain-link fences to enter Spanish territory. “It’s the visible lack of control that’s the problem,” said Sunder Katwala, the director of British Future, a London institute that focuses on integration and iden- tity. “That will resonate with the core audience of the populist parties.” Mr. Katwala noted that the number of migrants smuggled across the English Channel in small boats was down sharply so far this year. France and Britain announced a “one-in, one-out” agreement last year under which the British government can send back some migrants who cross the channel illegally. Yet Reform U.K., Britain’s main anti-immi- grant party, has led polls for most of the year. Across Europe, far-right par- ties continue to flourish, even though it has become harder for
needs of the population, and the youth in particular,” he said. Last year, the World Bank said that over the previous decade, Morocco’s working-age popula- tion had grown by 11.4 percent, while employment had increased by only 1.5 percent. Job creation remained “a funda- mental challenge,” the bank said. Overall unemployment in Mo-
migrants to reach the continent by any route. Net migration statistics — the number of people arriving minus those leaving — dropped last year in Britain, Germany and Spain from the previous year, according to Euro- stat, the statistical service of the European Commission. They rose modestly in France and Italy. “Visible things get seen and reported,” Mr. Katwala said, referring to the chaos in Ceuta. “Invisible things do not.” Spain’s prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, is among the few cen- trist or left-leaning leaders to try to maintain a publicly welcoming stance on immigration, allowing more than a million illegal immi- grants to apply earlier this year for formal status. Accused of encouraging the Ceuta crisis with such policies, Mr. Sánchez countered that it was possible to welcome immi- grants while keeping control of the border. He asserted that from 2021 to 2025, more people en- tered the European Union ille- gally through Italy, the Western Balkans and Greece than through Spain. And he noted that most of the people who crossed into Ceuta on Thursday had left
Spain’s prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, is among the few leaders with a welcoming stance on immigration.
The border between Ceuta, which is part of Spain, and Fnideq, Morocco. Left, migrants who had returned from Ceuta talking on Sunday to the relatives of fellow migrants who had gone missing.
rocco is around 11 percent, accord- ing to government statistics, but among people aged 15 to 24 it is nearly three times as high. Ceuta, which is easily visible from the hills and coast of Fnideq, is a perpetual draw for migrants. Per capita income in Morocco is $4,600, according to the World Bank. In Spain, of which Ceuta is a part, it is $38,600. The Moroccan government has shown little patience for citizens who make their discontent known. Last fall, youth-led demonstra- tions broke out in more than half a dozen Moroccan cities. Organized through social media, the protests expressed frustration over the soaring cost of living, youth unem- ployment and the government’s economic priorities, including World Cup preparations. The authorities responded with arrests and by prosecuting activ- ists.
by Saturday. “This has been achieved in close coordination with the Mo- roccan authorities and with very little support from other Euro- pean states, while pursuing the effective and solidarity-based migration policy that Spain has consistently implemented over recent years,” he wrote in an open letter to European leaders that was published on Saturday. Memories of 2015 are still vivid in Europe, which was reshaped politically by the influx from Syria, Afghanistan and other countries. The following year, Britain, fueled by anti-immigrant sentiment, voted to leave the European Union, even though it was not heavily affected by that wave of migration. In Germany, the far-right party Alternative for Germany made major inroads in a federal election in 2017 by exploiting fears of uncontrolled immigra- tion, and could win state elec- tions for the first time this fall in eastern Germany. In France, Marine Le Pen, the candidate of the anti-immigrant National Rally party, rode the issue into the second round of the 2017 presidential election. Ms. Le Pen, who is running for
PHOTOGRAPHS BY SERGEY PONOMAREV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
An earlier wave of protests that focused on economic hardship in rural areas also ended with mass arrests and prison sentences for protest leaders. On a back street in Fnideq, Mo- hammed Said, 36, said he had come to the coast with those headed for Ceuta. He had quit school after seventh grade and worked in construction, but had not found stable employment. By the time he reached the bor- der, he said, chaos reigned, with cars on fire and migrants clashing with the security forces. So he had hung back. He had tried to swim to the ter- ritory twice last year, he said, but the Moroccan authorities stopped him. This time, he had come pre- pared, with a can of tuna, some crackers, a phone charger, comb, two extra T-shirts and a plastic sleeve for his cellphone, all in a plastic bag. “I’ll try again,” he said. “It’s in God’s hands.”
president a fourth time, signaled she was planning to turn the Spanish crisis into a campaign theme. “Faced with the massive and coordinated influx of migrants into Spain, encouraged by the Spanish government, France must without delay strengthen controls at its borders,” she said on social media. Her deputy, Jordan Bardella, laid out the line of attack that right-wing opponents of Mr. Sánchez will likely use against him. “By regularizing hundreds of thousands of undocumented immigrants, Spain’s socialist Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez has opened the doors of Europe to all dangers,” Mr. Bardella said on social media. In Britain, Nigel Farage, the leader of Reform U.K., warned that the migrants entering Ceuta would make their way toward the northern coast of France and onward to Britain by crossing the English Channel. “Believe me, unless we get a Reform government, those scenes you’re seeing in Spain today, many of those young men, lots of them dangerous, will be heading toward Calais and com- ing to our country, too,” Mr. Farage said in a video posted on YouTube, referring to a French port. Mr. Farage’s relentless focus on immigration played a role in the failure of Britain’s centrist former prime minister Keir Starmer. He resigned last month after becoming deeply unpopu- lar, partly because he failed to convince Britons that he was doing enough to fix problems like the illegal channel crossings. Mr. Starmer hardened his rhetoric about immigration dur- ing his two years in office, even warning once that Britain risked becoming an “island of strang- ers.” But although he oversaw a drop in immigration, he was never able to take credit for the reduction in arrivals.
JON NAZCA/REUTERS
Threat, but Iran Says, Bring It On
By ERIKA SOLOMON
When President Trump ap- peared to back down once again from a threatened military escala- tion against Tehran, he offered fresh fodder to the narrative Irani- an officials are eager to promote: They are not the ones who fear war — Mr. Trump is. Iran’s leadership believes it has found the world’s Achilles’ heel. With the help of regional militia al- lies, Tehran spent the past week underscoring its ability to threat- en several of the world’s most crit- ical energy facilities and water- ways. It has continued to up the ante in its face-off with Washington over when and how to stop their renewed hostilities and return to a short-lived deal to start peace ne- gotiations, which fell apart last month. When Mr. Trump signaled in re- cent days that a major escalation was imminent if no concessions were made, two former Iranian of- ficials said Tehran’s leadership told him to go right ahead. “They are ready for the war, and they won’t back down,” said Amir al-Mousawi, a former Iranian dip- lomat, who said he had met over the weekend with the team sur- rounding Iran’s head negotiator and speaker of Parliament, Mo- hammad Bagher Ghalibaf. Mr. al- Mousawi described an exchange of messages between U.S. and Ira- nian officials sent over the week- end through Pakistani and Qatari officials, in which he said Mr. Trump vowed a severe attack on civilian infrastructure like power plants if the Iranians did not re- start negotiations. The Iranians refused, he said, unless Washington returned to the previously agreed “memoran- dum of understanding,” which many experts say was in Iran’s fa- vor. “‘We have no problem with war at all, and we are ready for the big confrontation,’” Mr. al-Mousawi said the Iranians told the Ameri- cans. “Trump told the Iranians: ‘I will hit the power in Iran.’ So, the Iranians said, ‘If you strike, we strike.’”
Falih Hassan, Aaron Boxerman and Sanam Mahoozi contributed reporting.
Reviewing Trump’s Comments About the Costs of the Iran War
By LINDA QIU
WASHINGTON — As the United States’ war with Iran stretches into its sixth month, concerns over a depleted weap- ons arsenal, rising casualties and economic consequences have mounted. President Trump has waved off those worries, even as he seeks a diplomatic solution to end the fighting and polls show Ameri- cans growing frustrated with the war. Instead, he has character- ized the war in Ukraine as a greater drain on military re- sources, defended the death toll by comparing it with previous military engagements and cele- brated single-day drops in oil prices. Here’s a fact-check of some of his recent claims.
WHAT MR. TRUMP SAID
WHAT MR. TRUMP SAID
WHAT MR. TRUMP SAID
“Oil dropped very big today.” — in remarks on July 27
This needs context. It is true that oil prices dipped that day, as fighting between the United States and Iran paused. It was the largest single-day decline since late May. But oil prices still remain high and volatile com- pared with levels before the war. The price of Brent crude, the global benchmark, closed at $83 a barrel on Monday. The price of West Texas intermediate crude, the U.S. benchmark, closed at $80 a barrel. But prices are subject to large fluctuations. Two weeks ago, prices rose to over $100 a barrel. And last week, prices rose again, briefly topping $91 a barrel. Be- fore the war began in February, the price of Brent was $72 a bar- rel. The White House spokeswom- an said that Mr. Trump was right to cite the single-day drop and that prices would plummet to prewar levels as the United States reopens the Strait of Hor- muz.
The Saudi crown prince, Mohammed bin Salman, has urged the U.S. not to escalate attacks.
Iranian officials have spotted a pattern in Mr. Trump’s attempts to shape negotiations, said Sasan Karimi, a former senior Iranian government official and a profes- sor of Iranian studies at the Uni- versity of Tehran. “Whenever their messages are exchanged, Mr. Trump starts to pressurize the situation by threat- ening Iran, so he can try to get fur- ther concessions,” he said. “But Iran is not so easily manipulated.” On Sunday, Mr. Trump said he had relented from his planned es- calation after Iran and other Mid- dle Eastern countries requested a delay because the “perimeters of a deal” had been agreed to. Yet, there are no outward signs of any return to U.S.-Iranian nego- tiations. What does appear to have happened is that Saudi Ara- bia and Qatar expressed concerns over their ability to defend their oil and gas facilities adequately, according to two regional diplo- mats. The official Saudi news channel said on Sunday that Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, the de facto ruler of Saudi Arabia, had re- cently spoken with Mr. Trump to stress “the necessity of prioritiz- ing dialogue to de-escalate ten- sions” and “prevent a wider con- flict.” Recent strikes in the region re- flect the severity of those con- cerns. Two weeks ago, the Houthis, an
This needs context. The death tolls cited in the chart Mr. Trump shared in July are largely accu- rate, though some are imprecise. More important, he is comparing more limited military incursions in his presidency to major wars that stretched decades through- out multiple administrations. His chart also omits dozens of other casualties that have occurred under his presidency beyond the two conflicts listed. Mr. Trump’s chart cited 2,000 deaths in the war in Afghanistan and 4,600 in the Iraq war, com- pared with the Pentagon’s tally of 2,350 deaths in the first phase of the war in Afghanistan and 4,418 in Iraq. Mr. Trump noted that 18 Ameri- can service members had been killed in the war in Iran and none in the single-day military inter- vention in Venezuela in January. Those figures have been reported by the Pentagon. (More than 600 have been wounded in Iran and
Iran-aligned militia force in Yem- en, blockaded Riyadh’s use of the Bab al-Mandab waterway in the Red Sea. The Saudis had been pip- ing oil to their west coast port on the Red Sea in order to circumvent Iran’s stranglehold on global ship- ping through the Strait of Hormuz, the primary route for oil ship- ments out of the Persian Gulf. Then last week, drones struck two major oil facilities in Saudi Arabia, in an attack Riyadh attrib- uted to Iran-backed militias in Iraq. A day later, two ships caught fire in Damietta Port in Egypt, in what the Egyptian authorities said appeared to have been a drone attack and was widely seen by regional analysts as yet an- other strike by Iran or its proxies. At its heart, the current strug- gle “is about redesigning the re- gional security architecture,” said H.A. Hellyer, a senior associate fellow at the Royal United Serv- ices Institute in London. The core of that struggle is the issue of who controls the Strait of Hormuz, he said. “The Iranians are very, very serious about not giving up control, and they’re will- ing to bomb things to make sure that’s the case.” Beyond that dynamic, there was also the startling July 17 at- tack on U.S. military sites in Jor- dan that killed three American soldiers. “The strike in Jordan was the game changer,” said Ali Vaez, Iran
seven in Venezuela.) Additionally, two U.S. Army soldiers were killed during coun- terterrorism operations in Syria in December 2025. The Pentagon also recorded more than 60 deaths from 2017 to 2020 in Af- ghanistan and military cam- paigns in other countries during the first Trump administration. It is also worth pointing out that a number of more limited campaigns that occurred under Mr. Trump’s predecessors also had low death tolls. For example, a U.S.-led maritime operation called Operation Prosperity Guardian that began in 2023 aimed to deter attacks in the Red Sea by Houthi rebels and also led to zero combat deaths (though at least one died in a noncombat- related incident). Similarly, there were no combat deaths of Ameri- can soldiers in the 1999 bombing of Kosovo (though two died in a helicopter crash).
KENNY HOLSTON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
project director for the Interna- tional Crisis Group. It not only showed that Iran’s missile arsenal remained well stocked, he said, but also that Tehran’s intelligence capabilities were higher than pre- viously believed. The attack also stirred rare dis- sent within Jordan, a crucial U.S. security ally in the region, as hun- dreds of prominent Jordanians, among them politicians and law- yers, challenged their country’s limits on free speech to demand the withdrawal of American forces. “The entire Iranian strategy in this period has been aimed at making the United States under- stand that if there is another round of escalation, the scope and scale of Iranian response would be so much more devastating for the region and the global economy,” Mr. Vaez said. Mr. Trump, he added, has never fully grasped the motivations of the Iranians, how they refuse to be bullied or cowed. Throughout both his current and previous term, Mr. Trump “is reluctant to learn the lesson” that aggressive tactics toward Iran have only hardened its position, Mr. Vaez said. “It’s already eight years of his maximum pressure” with eco- nomic sanctions, he said, now combined with military pressure “that has never produced what he has sought.”
“We have a lot of ammunition, different types. You know, Biden gave a lot to Ukraine and so we’re building that up, but we have a lot. We have a lot of the midlevel stuff, too; I mean, more than we could ever use, no matter what. But we have a lot. I’d like to have more, to be honest, but so much was given to Ukraine by Biden.” — in the July 27 remarks
This is misleading. The New York Times and other news outlets have reported that the Iran war has drained the United States’ arsenal of munitions. But Mr. Trump dismissed those concerns, blaming the Biden administra- tion’s military aid to Ukraine instead. The president has a point that the Biden administration sent vast amounts of equipment and munitions to Ukraine, reduc- ing stockpile levels. But those transfers played just a small role in the current issues with the Pentagon’s arsenal, because the military uses different weapons in the war with Iran. Exact figures for stockpiles and weapons used are not pub- licly disclosed. But according to a Pentagon fact sheet from Janu- ary 2025, the Biden administra- tion transferred over 100 types of equipment to Ukraine since Russia invaded the country in February 2022. The vast majority of that equipment was related to ground combat and not critical to Mr. Trump’s war in Iran, said Mark F. Cancian, a retired Marine Corps colonel and expert in war funding and procurement at the Center for Strategic and Interna- tional Studies, a Washington think tank. For example, the Biden admin- istration provided Ukraine with thousands of armored vehicles, trucks and tanks; anti-tank weap- ons like Javelin and TOW mis- siles; mortar systems, artillery and millions of rounds of ammu- nition. In contrast, the war in Iran has been fought in the sky. The Trump administration and con- gressional officials as well as outside military experts have raised concerns of depleted in- ventories of other types of weap- ons. According to reporting by The Times and other news out-
TRUTH SOCIAL
At the same time, Washington is grappling with depleted stores of munitions. Some military officials say their abilities to fight future conflicts — such as a so-called great-power war against China — could be hobbled by shortages that might take years to reverse, particularly of defensive weapons like Patriot missiles. “The U.S. military options are- n’t great, and it’s not simply re- ported munitions shortages,” said Farzan Sabet, an Iran analyst at the Geneva Graduate Institute in Switzerland. “One, it’s not clear that the lim- ited and time-bound military esca- lation Trump is willing to under- take at this point will be enough to change Iran’s calculus,” he said. “Two, it’s hard to imagine these options can degrade Iran’s missile and drone capacity, such that it cannot effectively close the Strait of Hormuz or further damage the Gulf’s critical and energy infra- structure.” Emboldened, some well-known Iranian hard-liners mocked the di- lemma the Trump administration seems to find itself in. Ebrahim Rezaei, the spokes- man of the Iranian Parliament’s national security and foreign pol- icy committee, echoed a threat by Mr. Trump in April that he would bomb Iran “back to the Stone Age.” “If a strike is made on Iran,” Mr. Rezaei wrote in a response on X to Mr. Trump’s renewed threats in recent days, “we will return the entire region and its facilities to the Stone Age.” When Mr. Trump said he was postponing an escalation, a promi- nent hard-line commentator, Seyed Mohammad Marandi, posted a picture of chicken tacos on his X account. It was a refer- ence to a sarcastic acronym used by Mr. Trump’s critics: TACO, or “Trump Always Chickens Out.” “Iran has not budged,” he wrote above it. Far from being closer to talks, some regional experts feel the two sides are further away than ever. Mr. Karimi, the former Iranian official, said Iran should ready it- self for another phase of war in the coming weeks. As long as both Tehran and Washington remain convinced they are the ones whose demands should be met, he said, the talks will not be meaningful. “To reach a deal, both sides must be politically humble and agree that their maximalist ambi- tions will not work,” he said, add- ing that, for now, “those dynamics are not on the table.”
lets and calculations from Colonel Cancian, the military has recently used:
■ 1,200 Patriot missiles out of an inventory of 2,330 ■ More than 1,000 Tomahawk cruise missiles out of 3,000 ■ More than 1,100 Joint Air-to- Surface Standoff Missile, or JASSM, out of 4,400 ■ 40 to 70 Precision Strike Mis- siles out of 90 ■ 130 to 250 SM-3 missiles out of 410 ■ 90 to 370 SM-6 missiles out 1,160 ■ 190 to 290 Terminal High Alti- tude Area Defense, or THAAD, missiles out of 360
The United States only provided a few weapons and munitions on that list to Ukraine, such as 600 Patriot missiles. Other aerial equipment given include short- range air defense equipment, like more than 3,000 Stinger antiair- craft missiles. On the other hand, The Wall Street Journal reported in August 2022 that some officials thought that after transfers to Ukraine, the level of 155-millimeter combat rounds in the United States’ arsenal was “uncomfortably low.” The Pentagon used a portion of funding provided by Congress in 2024 to replace some of the equip- ment given to Ukraine including Javelin and Stinger missiles, 155-millimeter ammunition and armored vehicles. These have not posed an issue in the Iran war. A White House spokeswoman defended Mr. Trump’s characteri- zation, citing billions of dollars in weapons transfers to Ukraine under the Biden administration and a recent executive order by Mr. Trump that makes it more difficult for weapons makers to use materials from adversarial nations like China and Russia.
With Oman On Opening Of Hormuz
By AARON BOXERMAN and SANAM MAHOOZI
Iran said on Monday that it was holding talks with Oman on tem- porarily reopening the Strait of Hormuz, the critical shipping lane in the Persian Gulf, as mediators rushed to tamp down the prospects of renewed war be- tween the United States and Iran. Esmaeil Baghaei, the Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman, said at a news conference that there were no direct U.S.-Iran talks at the moment, suggesting that a broader peace deal was not in the offing for now. Instead, he said, the talks with Oman were narrowly focused on negotiating a new route for ships to traverse the strait. “The focus of the negotiations with Oman will be on this issue, while the matters relating to Iran and the United States will have to
will be in ‘later stages,’ a spokesman says.
be examined in later stages,” Mr. Baghaei said. President Trump lashed out at Iran’s government on Monday, calling its leaders “unbelievably duplicitous” and suggesting that the United States and Iran were, in fact, discussing a solution to re- solve the problems in the Strait of Hormuz. If the talks are successful, they could pave the way for the United States and Iran to return to a broader cease-fire after an earlier deal collapsed in last month amid tensions over the Strait of Hor- muz. Mr. Trump abruptly canceled a threatened assault on Iran over the weekend, saying there could be progress in reopening the strait, a major waterway for global energy exports blockaded by Iran for months. He also cited pleas for calm by regional allies like Saudi Arabia. “The reason they asked is they think there’s a deal on Hormuz,” Mr. Trump told reporters on Sun- day. Mr. Trump has repeatedly pledged that diplomatic break- throughs with Iran are at hand in recent months, only for them to fall through. Iran has not shifted its position despite repeated American bombardments, leav- ing Mr. Trump wrestling with how to end the war he began in Febru- ary jointly with Israel. Iran and Oman have exchanged maps of possible passages for ships as part of the talks, Mr. Baghaei said on Monday. One of the options under consideration was a possible “intermediate route” between the two countries that “safeguards the considera- tions and interests” of both coun- tries, he added. Analysts are skeptical that Iran will totally release its grip over the Strait of Hormuz. Before the war, vessels moved freely through the waterway. Since the United States and Israel launched their attack in late February, the Iranian block- ade has become a powerful source of leverage for Tehran in its deal- ings with Washington. Mr. Baghaei suggested that Iran was unlikely to fully reopen the strait if other sticking points between the Trump administra- tion and the Iranian government remained unresolved, such as a U.S. naval blockade on Iranian ports. “So long as all the matters that the United States has violated during this period remain unre- solved, naturally no significant change will occur in the situation of the Strait of Hormuz,” he told re- porters. In June, the two countries signed a cease-fire that was sup- posed to reopen the strait and al- low for broader talks to curb Iran’s nuclear program — one of Mr. Trump’s justifications for launch- ing the war. The truce quickly col- lapsed after Iran fired on commer- cial ships passing near Oman that the Iranian authorities deemed unauthorized. The deadlock stemmed, in part, from the vague wording that the Trump administration had agreed to in the cease-fire deal. Iran ar- gued that the agreement gave it sweeping authority over the Strait of Hormuz, an interpretation dis- puted by U.S. officials.
To a Jail Back Home, He Took a Chance
By PAUL SONNE and MILANA MAZAEVA
BERLIN — By the time his U.S. deportation flight touched down last summer in Moscow, Artyom Vovchenko had been drained of his fighting spirit. He had deserted the Russian military and fled his homeland in opposition to the war in Ukraine. He had spent 13 months in three U.S. detention centers before be- ing denied asylum in America. And he had been deported in chains by the Trump administra- tion back to Russia, where he faced up to 10 years in prison. After he landed, security offi- cials at the Moscow airport saw that Mr. Vovchenko, 27, was wanted by military prosecutors. By then, his despair about his treatment by Russia and the United States had swelled into re- sentful resignation. “To hell with you all. Do what- ever you want. I know I’m right,” Mr. Vovchenko said he told him- self. “I had made my peace. Basi- cally, I was ready to die.” The New York Times first re- ported on Mr. Vovchenko last year after he was swept up in the Trump administration’s mass de- portation campaign. What fol- lowed for him was an encounter with a Russian system over- whelmed by soldiers who had fled the front in Ukraine or suffered in- juries, an apparatus dotted with loopholes despite President Vladi- mir V. Putin’s aggressive wartime authoritarianism. As the days turned to weeks at the military base where Mr. Vovchenko awaited trial, his will to fight for his own future re- turned. He said he bided his time quietly, prayed every night and summoned his discipline from years of practicing martial arts. He began devising a plan to es- cape. “I simply put my hope in the Lord,” Mr. Vovchenko said. “I fig- ured, if God helps me on this path, then that means this is how it’s meant to be. If he doesn’t let me pass through, well, then that’s my destiny.”
ARTYOM VOVCHENKO
THE NEW YORK TIMES
‘Completely Opposed’
The son of a security guard and a
hairdresser, Mr. Vovchenko grew up in a family of modest means in a provincial town in southern Rus- sia. Conscripted into the military af- ter college, he said he was forced to serve on a contract for an addi- tional year against his will. When Mr. Putin launched his full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Mr. Vovchenko was horri- fied, having long viewed Ukraini- ans as brethren. “I couldn’t come to terms with it, thinking, ‘What the hell? On what grounds?’” he said. Convinced that his unit was about to be sent to Ukraine, Mr. Vovchenko fled, first traveling to Indonesia to coach jujitsu and lat- er going to Mexico, where he crossed into the United States in 2024 to claim asylum. He was sent to a detention cen- ter in Mississippi. There, he worked for a dollar a day in the kitchen making porridge, he said. One day, while moving a 150- pound vat of food, he said, he slipped and injured his back. “Even in the army, where I cer- tainly faced mistreatment, I never experienced anything as bad as the way they treated us there,” Mr. Vovchenko said. A spokesman for the Depart- ment of Homeland Security said, “Any claim that there are sub- prime conditions at ICE facilities is false.”
‘Extreme Stress’
After losing his case in the United States, Mr. Vovchenko was herded onto a military flight last summer. His last chance to save his free- dom, he thought, was to persuade the Egyptian authorities, during a layover in Cairo, to let him go to Indonesia, where he still had a val- id visa, rather than to Russia. What began as a series of polite requests quickly went awry. He went to an airport restroom, where he held onto a pipe and said he was not going anywhere. His Egyptian guards descended on him, he said, pummeling his torso. A sharp pain shot through his back, he said, before a guard be- gan choking him with the collar of his shirt. Finally, a man with a gun ar- rived and threatened to shoot him, he said. As Mr. Vovchenko slackened at the threat, the guards lifted him up, tied his arms and legs “like a sausage” and carried him onto the plane to Moscow. The Egyptian government did
‘I simply couldn’t bring myself to give up, to let my entire life just slip away.’
not respond to requests for com- ment about Mr. Vovchenko’s treat- ment.
‘Like an Alien’
Back in Russia, the chaos of a mili- tary system stressed by the war in Ukraine played in Mr. Vov- chenko’s favor. He was held in a military jail for two days before being sent to a base outside Moscow. The base is normally a training center for troops specializing in communica- tions systems but, according to Mr. Vovchenko, also now houses a detention facility for soldiers. The cells were filled with wounded service members, many of whom were suffering from mental illness or deteriorating health, he said. The atmosphere was better than what he experienced in U.S. detention, he said, with some Rus- sian officials relating to him as a human, even if they berated the soldiers as “traitors.” Security was not as tight as it
would have been in a traditional Russian prison. The authorities did not confiscate his phone or his passport, he said, searching his bag only for weapons. They had encountered few people like him who had spent years abroad, he said, and took to calling him “the American,” despite his protests. “To be honest, I was like an alien to them,” Mr. Vovchenko said. With so many wounded sol- diers, there was no chance for Mr. Vovchenko to be treated by the state health authorities, he said. He gathered money and became one of the dozens of detained sol- diers transported regularly by guards to local private health fa- cilities. Doctors explained that Mr. Vovchenko had suffered three herniated disks, one of which was protruding from his spine by 11 millimeters. Over months of visits, during which his guard would wait for him to be picked up and taken back to the base, he began re-
searching how to escape. “It’s like preparing for a compe- tition,” he said. “You can’t spend too much time just thinking about the competition itself. You simply focus on specific tasks, the key de- tails, and then you perform.”
‘Completely Lost’
One day, he walked in for treat- ment, he said, and once out of view of the guard, left and caught a taxi. He was prepared. He knew ex- actly which route he would take and how he would avoid being tracked. He calculated that he had about three hours to leave the Moscow region before a manhunt would stymie him. Facing a long prison sentence or a forced trip to the front line, he felt the risk was worth taking. “I simply couldn’t bring myself to give up, to let my entire life just slip away,” Mr. Vovchenko said. Mr. Vovchenko’s name had been withdrawn from wanted lists while he was in pretrial detention at the military base, which is
standard procedure for the Rus- sian courts, he said. He took multiple vehicles to the border with Belarus, a state that allows free movement to and from Russia. He had read on the inter- net about the possibility of leaving Russia through Belarus, after other antiwar Russians, including Maria Alyokhina, a member of the punk protest band Pussy Riot, publicly recounted taking the route. Rapid Unit, an underground or- ganization that helps spirit Rus- sian political prisoners to safety, verified Mr. Vovchenko’s identity and assisted him, according to an official at the organization, who spoke on the condition of ano- nymity because of security con- cerns. It helped coordinate Mr. Vovchenko’s departure, assisting him mostly in Belarus. The group adapted the plan as circum- stances changed, and handled tickets, logistics and the search for temporary housing, together with partner groups. The route had to be rearranged several times, the official at Rapid Unit said, but ultimately, Mr. Vov- chenko made it out of Belarus to a safer place. The Times agreed not to publish Mr. Vovchenko’s current where- abouts for security reasons. Having regained his freedom, Mr. Vovchenko is trying to pick up the pieces of his life. His back problems are still plaguing him, and his money has run out. “I feel completely lost right now,” he said. Dmitry Valuev, the president of Russian America for Democracy in Russia, a U.S. group that aids Russian asylum seekers, put to- gether a fund-raiser for Mr. Vovchenko. It has so far raised only $2,000 of its goal of $12,000 to help him resettle. For his part, Mr. Vovchenko said he regretted mistaking the United States as a place where he would be welcomed and not fully understanding the U.S. immigra- tion system. He is trying to put away the paranoia of being on the run and stop the nightmares he has been having, in which people regularly show up to take him away. He did manage to compete re- cently in a jujitsu tournament af- ter weeks of trying to heal his back on his own, a small victory at a bleak moment. “I have my own goals, my own dreams,” Mr. Vovchenko said. “I just want to live my life.”
Trump’s Vision of Fleet In Arctic Costs Billions
in various ways. The number was twice as many as the Coast Guard, which manages America’s fleet, had said it needed. The contracts for building the ships would be awarded without competitive bids. And while seven of the ships are expected to be built in the United States, the first four would be built in Finland, requiring Mr. Trump to waive a law prohibiting the construction of national security vessels overseas. At that moment, though, none of that mattered. Mr. Trump wanted more ice- breakers, and he wanted them from Fin- land. “Other countries have more than we do,” Mr. Trump proclaimed as he sat with the Finnish leader, “and we’re buy- ing the finest icebreakers in the world.” The story behind Mr. Trump’s person- al intervention in Coast Guard ships pro- vides new insights into how his adminis- tration has cut corners and flouted rules in pursuit of projects that suit the presi- dent’s desires, regardless of whether they fit any broader strategic rationale. The reliance on no-bid contracts, usu- ally reserved for highly specialized or urgent needs, mirrors other recent Trump-driven projects — ranging in scale from renovations to the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool to a $1.3 bil- lion deal to build a migrant detention center. A New York Times examination of the Coast Guard deal found it relied on per- sonal appeals from Finland’s president and Mr. Trump’s own view of what con- stitutes national greatness, along with a fascination with polar icebreakers dat- ing back to a chance encounter in Fin- land long before he would ever run for president. It also came with no plan to pay for the infrastructure required to support the 11 new ships or the crews to sail them. Those costs are likely to reach into the billions, according to Coast Guard docu- ments. Much of the funding is set to come from money set aside for border securi- ty in the Republicans’ spending law passed last year, the “One Big Beautiful Bill,” which gave the administration wide latitude to pour billions into its pri- orities with little oversight. To justify no-bid contracts for ice- breakers, the Trump administration in- voked a rarely used exemption claiming the awards are in the “public interest” — allowing the government to skip compe- tition while saying little publicly about its rationale. “We haven’t seen any information or analysis to justify the 11 or to assess the long-term affordability of these deci- sions,” said Shelby S. Oakley, director of contracting and national security acqui- sitions for the nonpartisan U.S. Govern- ment Accountability Office. The Coast Guard, she said, risks end- ing up “like a lottery winner who spends all their money buying the mansion, and then goes broke once they realize they don’t have the money to maintain it.” Administration officials broadly de- fended the ships as essential for national security. Polar icebreakers allow the Coast Guard to maintain what it calls “presence” in the Arctic — monitoring foreign vessels operating in the region’s increasingly strategic waterways. “President Trump is restoring Ameri- ca’s status as a great Arctic power after previous administrations allowed our ships and Arctic capacity to rust and de- cay,” Allie McCandless, a spokeswoman for the White House Office of Manage- ment and Budget, said in a statement. The commandant of the Coast Guard, Admiral Kevin E. Lunday, said the serv- ice abided by laws and regulations “to ensure appropriate stewardship of tax- payer dollars.” “The number 11 came directly from the president,” Admiral Lunday told The Times. He said the Coast Guard pro- vided input, but added: “This was the president’s number and the president’s decision.” The president has bragged about the deal. “I’m gonna be there at the dedication,” he told graduates at the United States Coast Guard Academy in May. “They have been trying to get icebreakers for years and years, and no president was able to provide them with what you need to get it done.”
A Golf Game, and a Gift
Mr. Trump’s interest in Finnish icebreak- ers can be traced back more than 30 years. The future president, then a hotel and casino mogul facing bankruptcies in New York and Atlantic City, flew to Helsinki in 1992 to look for new ways to make money. Mr. Trump was interested in buying a ship to turn into a floating casino, accord- ing to Juha Wiskari, a Finnish shipping executive who met with Mr. Trump and gave him a tour of one of his company’s vessels. Mr. Trump dropped the idea, Mr. Wiskari said in an interview, once he re- alized the cost of operating the ship would make it hard to turn a profit. But the visit proved significant for an- other reason. Mr. Trump had seen Finn- ish icebreakers docked nearby and won- dered what they were, another shipping executive, Martin Saarikangas, later told Finland’s public broadcaster. He recalled telling Mr. Trump that Finland had built about 60 percent of the world’s icebreak- ers. “A positive seed about Finland had been planted in his mind,” Mr. Wiskari said. After becoming president a quarter- century later, Mr. Trump expressed his reverence for icebreakers. No other branch of the military, he said during 2017 remarks at the Coast Guard Acad- emy, “has the power to break through 21 feet of rock-solid Arctic ice.” He talked to Finland’s leaders about buying or leasing an icebreaker, but couldn’t close the deal before the end of his first term, according to people famil- iar with those conversations. After his re-election, Mr. Trump again began trying to buy icebreakers. Coast Guard officials held meetings with U.S. shipbuilders to gauge their interest. Then a game of golf changed every- thing. On a Saturday in March 2025, Mr. Trump played in a tournament at one of his golf courses in Florida. Joining him was Mr. Stubb, the Finnish president. Mr. Stubb had played golf for the Finnish na- tional team, and went to Furman Univer- sity in South Carolina on a golf schol- arship. According to Mr. Trump, the two men won the tournament. Mr. Stubb presented Mr. Trump with a picture of an icebreaker, in what one per- son described as a handsome golden frame. Shipbuilding is a vital industry in Finland, and the country’s leaders had long sought to persuade the U.S. govern- ment to buy vessels from its yards. Finland’s reasons for courting Mr. Trump went beyond securing a deal for icebreakers, according to people familiar with the two countries’ interactions. Keeping a close relationship allows Mr. Stubb to try to persuade Mr. Trump of the importance of the NATO alliance and maintaining pressure on Russia. Mr. Trump wrote on social media that Mr. Stubb was “a very good player,” and said Mr. Stubb had praised him for mak- ing America strong again. Mr. Trump added the words that Fin- land had long sought to hear: “President Stubb and I look forward to strength- ening the partnership between the United States and Finland, and that in- cludes the purchase and development of a large number of badly needed icebreak- ers for the U.S.” A senior Coast Guard official called, texted and met with Republican lawmak- ers through the spring and early summer to push for funding, describing icebreak- ers as a top White House priority, accord- ing to two people with knowledge of the outreach. The pressure worked. Last July, in the Republicans’ spending law, Congress provided $3.5 billion for the ships. But Mr. Trump and his advisers wanted to buy more icebreakers than $3.5 billion would pay for. The administration at the time had been considering two “very, very good proposals” for icebreakers, the White House budget director, Russell T. Vought, told The Times. One shipbuilder had offered to build five icebreakers, based on a design origi- nally developed for Russia; another pro- posal offered six ships, using a design for the Canadian Coast Guard. “We ultimately didn’t want to have to choose between them,” Mr. Vought said. In the end, they didn’t have to. “The One Big Beautiful Bill had given us an op- portunity to do both,” he added. The additional icebreaker money — another $3.5 billion — came from a sepa- rate fund in the bill intended for what lawmakers called “border support,” ac- cording to Troy Edgar, deputy secretary at the Department of Homeland Security, which oversees the Coast Guard. Mr. Trump placed the late-night call to President Stubb in August, not long after the bill was passed. The two leaders had been negotiating
Mr. Trump’s interest in Finnish icebreakers dates back more than 30 years.
Above, a Russian icebreaker in the North Pole in 2021. Top, a shipyard in Helsinki operated by Davie De- fense, Inocea’s newly formed Ameri- can subsidiary. Mr. Trump awarded Davie Defense a no-bid, $3.5 billion contract for five icebreakers.
for months about the United States pur- chasing a used icebreaker from Finland, and perhaps a handful of new vessels. Now, armed with billions in new funding, Mr. Trump wanted to go bigger. “I’m not going to buy the used one, be- cause it’s too old,” Mr. Trump said, ac- cording to an account Mr. Stubb later gave to Finnish journalists. “I want more new ones instead.” A spokeswoman for Mr. Stubb de- clined to respond to questions from The Times about Mr. Stubb’s account.
‘Russia Has 40’
Experts say Mr. Trump’s actions reflect a very real problem: The United States needs more polar icebreakers. The question, the experts say, is how many the United States really needs. Mr. Trump’s public comments suggest his in- terest reflects a frustration that other countries have more icebreakers, rather than any review of strategic require- ments. “We only have one,” Mr. Trump com- plained to military leaders in 2020, some- what undercounting the American fleet.
EKATERINA ANISIMOVA/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
“Russia has 40.” Russia now has 56 polar icebreakers, the Coast Guard told Con- gress this past April, while China has five. Mr. Trump’s focus on Russia’s ice- breakers ignores crucial differences be- tween the two countries, according to Ronald O’Rourke, who analyzed the Coast Guard’s icebreaker program for the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service for 18 years until retiring this year. More than two million Russians live in Arctic communities, and the Russian government needs icebreakers to keep ports and shipping lines open. Fewer than 20,000 Americans live in the Alaskan Arctic, census data show. The last time the Coast Guard pre- pared a formal assessment of what ves- sels it needs, in 2023, the service said it required four or five of the type of ice- breakers the Trump administration is buying. It’s not clear what the Coast Guard would do with 11 such vessels, Mr. O’Rourke said — even if the United States took control of Greenland, as Mr. Trump has urged. Mr. O’Rourke assessed the president’s
views on Russian icebreakers by way of an analogy about misplaced car envy. “My neighbors have a lot of kids, so they bought a minivan,” Mr. O’Rourke said. “Does that mean that my wife and I, who have no kids, also need to buy a minivan?” The administration’s goal is to obtain the first icebreakers before Mr. Trump leaves office. To meet that timeline, the Coast Guard bypassed the usual process of requesting and reviewing competing bids. By using the public interest exemp- tion, the provision that allowed the Trump administration to avoid seeking competitive offers, the Coast Guard did not have to prove that the work was ur- gent, or that only one company could do it. Instead, the agency simply needed to send Congress a letter informing law- makers of the plan to award a no-bid con- tract before signing the deal. By the time the letter arrived, the White House already had announced the deal and the companies had publicly touted their selection. The proposals accepted by the admin- istration resulted in contracts with three
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VESA LAITINEN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES KENNY HOLSTON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
VESA LAITINEN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
VESA LAITINEN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
VESA LAITINEN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
companies. To be politically defensible, the White House determined that the program should include at least one U.S. ship- builder, according to people with knowl- edge of those discussions who spoke on condition of anonymity to describe pri- vate deliberations. The Coast Guard turned to Bollinger Shipyards, a Louisiana-based ship- builder with a history of government contracts, including an earlier deal for an icebreaker that has yet to be completed. Bollinger’s C.E.O., Ben Bordelon, and his wife have donated about $1.7 million to Republican candidates and commit- tees within the past decade, far outpac- ing what they gave to Democrats, federal elections data show. A spokesman for Bollinger, TJ Tatum, said the company received the contract to build additional icebreakers because of its four decades building ships for the Coast Guard. He said the donations by Mr. Bordelon have gone to lawmakers who sit on committees that oversee ship- building and other policy areas impor- tant to the company, and the couple have not given money to Mr. Trump.
President Trump with President Alexander Stubb of Finland in October after striking a deal for 11 icebreakers.
Three shipbuilders awarded up to $6.8 billion in no-bid contracts to build icebreakers
Inocea’s U.S. subsidiary, Davie Defense, has agreed to build five icebreakers — two in Finland, at a newly purchased shipyard with a history of icebreaker construction, and then three in Texas.
Among the three companies awarded contracts, only Rauma has a history of constructing icebreakers from start to finish. It is scheduled to build two icebreakers at its yard in western Finland.
INOCEA GROUP HEADQUARTERS: LONDON Up to $3.5 billion
RAUMA MARINE CONSTRUCTIONS RAUMA, FINLAND Up to $1.2 billion
‘Nobody makes them like Finland.’ PRESIDENT TRUMP in October on the country’s polar icebreakers.
Seeking Arctic Dominance
Mr. Trump’s vision for Arctic dominance is already taking shape. Inside a cavern- ous hall at the western edge of Finland, Rauma workers could be seen earlier this year constructing the hull of the deal's first foreign-made icebreaker. The trick of an icebreaker is in the curve of its bow. As powerful propellers at the front and back of the ship thrust the vessel forward, that curve lets the hull slide up onto the ice, like a 9,000-ton sea lion hauling out of the water. The weight of the hull then knuckles into the ice, bending it down and outward, leav- ing a trail of open water in its wake. Finns say theirs is the only country in the world where every harbor ices up in winter, so their shipyards became adept at building icebreakers. Republican officials have celebrated the deal as a win for American industry. At a recent groundbreaking ceremony in Galveston, under watch of armed Coast Guard boats bobbing in the harbor, Gov. Greg Abbott of Texas and Senator Ted Cruz took turns feting Mr. Trump at the shipyard where three icebreakers
ANTONIN CERMAK/FAIRFAX MEDIA, VIA GETTY IMAGES
From top: The Polar Sea, seen in 1982, has been docked in Seattle since 2010 and serves primarily as a source of spare parts; an operational icebreaker, Voima, which was built in 1954; breaking ice into slabs at Railotech’s testing basin in Helsinki.
are slated to be built. A casual listener could be forgiven for thinking all the new icebreakers would be constructed in America. “I was very proud when President Trump announced that $3.5 billion was going to Davie Defense to build five Arc- tic Security Cutters, and to build them here in the Texas Gulf Coast,” Mr. Cruz said to cheers and applause. The first two will in fact be built in Finland. In an interview afterward, Mr. Cruz of- fered his own take on Mr. Trump’s deci- sion to buy 11 icebreakers. He invoked the 1984 Rob Reiner film “This Is Spinal Tap,” about a fictional heavy metal band whose aging members try to forestall irrelevance by embracing excess. The band’s philosophy is cap- tured by its guitarist, who brags that while the volume knobs on other amplifi- ers stop at 10, his amplifier turns all the way to 11. “As a child of the ’80s, I have to admit, my own personal theory is the ‘Spinal Tap’ theory: Ours goes to 11,” Mr. Cruz said. “Although I doubt that was the presi- dent’s motivation,” he quickly added.
Has Town Holding Nose
Against a Company That Won Over Trump
By DAVID OVALLE
WAUKEENAH, Fla. — The watermel- on farms and cattle pastures disap- peared years ago from tiny Waukeenah. Now it’s known for something else: the pungent odor of marijuana emanating from a sprawling grow operation run by Trulieve, a cannabis industry giant. Neighbors grumbled about the smell, the drone of machinery and the bright lights piercing the night from the time Trulieve started harvesting marijuana here in 2020. But their complaints drew little attention in rural Jefferson County, near Tallahassee in north-central Flor- ida. Then came the Facebook video. A clip posted online this spring showed greenish water gushing from the Trulieve property onto the adjacent property of Felicia and James Lamb. The video, posted by a relative of the couple, galvanized county residents against Trulieve, whose well-connected chief ex-
‘There has yet to be a single report from an independent agency showing any harmful contaminants. Period.’
STEVE VANCORE, Trulieve spokesman
ecutive helped persuade President Trump to reclassify medical marijuana in April as a less dangerous drug. “It was shocking to people,” Ms. Lamb said of the video. “People had heard about the runoff, but it’s another thing for them to see it.” Residents soon packed Jefferson County Commission meetings to com- plain about the smell and raise concerns that water from the one-million-square- foot indoor cannabis operation, one of the largest in the United States, was con- taminating the soil. Trulieve officials have insisted that the water is safe, noth- ing more than normal runoff that flowed onto the Lamb property long before the company opened its “cultivation cam- pus.” The officials have also noted that Trulieve has reduced the smell wafting from its facility, by halting marijuana composting on site in recent months and installing powerful filtration systems. “When a neighbor brings us a prob- lem, we will keep working until we’ve done everything reasonably within our power,” Trulieve’s chief production offi- cer, Kyle Landrum, wrote last month in an opinion piece in The Tallahassee Democrat — a response to Ms. Lamb’s piece, published days earlier, criticizing the company. The recent furor has prompted investi- gations into the Trulieve operation by several state agencies. It has also divid- ed a rural community that was already grappling with change — and is now rec- onciling itself to an industry that em- ploys nearly 300 people locally but re- mains anathema to many. “I don’t need drugs to enjoy my life but apparently some people do; that’s their business,” said Nancy Gebhart, 73, a re- tiree who lives across the road and often avoids going outside because of the smell. “Don’t force it on me. I shouldn’t have to put up with their stink.” Ms. Gebhart and her husband said that they want to sell their longtime home in Waukeenah, which has fewer than 200 residents, but that potential buyers don’t want to live near Trulieve. The tension in Jefferson County ech- oes community pushback to the data centers springing up around the country. As the nation’s cannabis industry has grown, so have complaints from neigh- bors of cultivation facilities — but typi- cally in blue states such as California and Massachusetts, where both medical and recreational weed are legal. In Florida, marijuana is legal only for medicinal purposes. Trulieve, based in Tallahassee, in June became the first cannabis company to trade on a major U.S. stock exchange, a move enabled by Mr. Trump’s loosening of restrictions for medical marijuana. It operates nearly a quarter of the dispensaries in Florida and spent nearly $150 million supporting a 2024 ballot measure seeking to legalize recreational marijuana. Gov. Ron DeSantis, a Republican, op- posed the measure, and it narrowly failed. Forbes described Kim Rivers, Tru- lieve’s chief executive, as the cannabis industry’s “Trump whisperer” for her role in persuading Mr. Trump to reclassi- fy medical marijuana under federal law. Analysts say the move will sharply in- crease profits for cannabis companies by easing their tax burden. The Lambs’ chief concern is the water flowing from Trulieve’s storm-water pond onto their land. Until the video went viral, they had worked quietly with Trulieve for several years to stop it. On a recent weekday, the couple trudged down a path lined with wild grape vines and oak trees draped in Spanish moss, near an old hunting camp.
Ms. Lamb’s grandfather used to shoot wild turkeys there with Lawton Chiles, a former Florida governor. The Lambs arrived at a water-filled scar in the earth snaking hundreds of yards onto their property from beneath a metal fence separating it from Trulieve. “It looks like a creek but it’s not,” Ms. Lamb said. “This didn’t exist before Trulieve.” Mr. Lamb said he commissioned a wa- ter test in March that revealed an unsafe level of nitrates, commonly found in fer- tilizer, which made him wonder if pollut- ants were seeping into the groundwater and a nearby creek. Their complaints struck a nerve with the public, amplified online by a group called Concerned Residents of Jefferson County. Its spokeswoman is Cindy Py- burn, a retired banking executive who is now a civic activist. Ms. Pyburn said neighbors feel like the facility has expanded well beyond what was promised years ago. “I have no issue with medical marijua- na. I wish it weren’t in Jefferson County,” she said. “But they could be managing a business like good corporate citizens.” As state agencies began investigating, the Florida Department of Health dis- tributed free water-testing kits at the lo- cal Dollar General. The water management district con- ducted two inspections and found “ap- parent violations” involving the storm- water pond. Trulieve responded that the Lambs’ claims of polluted water and ex- cessive runoff were unfounded, and that the pond complied with previously ap- proved upgrade plans. The Florida Department of Envi- ronmental Protection said in March that water testing at Trulieve showed no con- taminants; the agency said its investiga- tion continued. The Florida Department of Health did not return repeated re- quests for comment, but State Repre- sentative Allison Tant, a Democrat whose district includes the area, said that the agency had found no contami- nants in local well water. An environmental watchdog group, Blue Shirt Justice League, said last month that water samples from the Lambs’ property had only a low level of nitrates. Ms. Lamb noted that the storm- water pond shouldn’t have any nitrates and that heavy rain that fell before the sample collection may have diluted the results. A spokesman for Trulieve said resi- dents had no need to worry. “There has yet to be a single report from an independent agency showing any harmful contaminants. Period,” the spokesman, Steve Vancore, said. For some in Jefferson County, the ex- planations are not enough. The county, which has a population of 16,000, is close enough to Tallahassee that many residents commute there for work but is far enough away that they en- joy affordable spacious homes nestled among rolling hills. Residents proudly note that the county has no stoplights. In Monticello, the county seat, which recently celebrated its annual watermel- on festival, seemingly everyone has an opinion on whether Trulieve is helping or hurting their patch of Florida. Jill Lynch, 65, said she drives past the facility a couple times a week with her granddaughters, who complain that the air smells like skunk. “I hope this isn’t affecting them,” Ms. Lynch said. “You know, like when you in- hale that. I don’t know how it works.” But even in this rural, politically con- servative county, views on marijuana do not align neatly. The marijuana legaliza- tion measure only narrowly lost here. A smoke shop that sells cannabis products — though not Trulieve’s — recently opened in Monticello. A state prison provides jobs in the county, but few dispute that the Trulieve facility also provides an economic bene- fit. Dorothy Pulliam, 74, who volunteers at a thrift store in Monticello, said she har- bors mixed feelings about Trulieve’s presence. “Where else are you going to work here?” she asked. The facility consists of 11 buildings where employees in white lab coats and hairnets cultivate medical marijuana sold only in Florida. Workers snip mother plants — strains with names like Papaya Drip, Baby Tur- tle and Mint Sherbet. The cuttings are eventually planted in grow rooms for each stage of cultivation, irrigated with recycled water on timers and cycled be- tween bright light and near darkness. Once the plants reach four to five feet, workers harvest them by hand before they are transported to another Trulieve facility for processing. Jerry Loudermilk, 49, a Jefferson County resident, worked at a Tallahassee Target before accepting a job at Trulieve as a cleaner. “There’s a few around here that don’t care for us right now,” he said. “As far as I’m certain, I love it.” He just completed his fifth year on the job.
Felicia and James Lamb at the border of their property with the medical marijuana operation of Trulieve in Waukeenah, Fla. Below, water flowing from the facility’s storm-water retention pond onto the Lambs’ land. “It looks like a creek but it’s not,” Ms. Lamb said. “This didn’t exist before Trulieve.” A video posted online of the runoff galvanized opposition.
Below left, the main grow house at Trulieve, where 11 buildings cover a million square feet. The company, which em- ploys nearly 300 people in a county with few other options, has its supporters. Below right, Nancy and Gary Gebhart at their home across the road. “Don’t force it on me,” said Ms. Gebhart, who avoids going outside because of the smell.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY ZACK WITTMAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Justice Dept. Struggles As Trump’s Demands Muddy Prosecutions
By ALAN FEUER
From the moment President Trump was re-elected, he has muscled his way into the driver’s seat at the Justice Department, leaving tread marks on its time- honored independence from the White House by demanding, and sometimes directing, investiga- tions into his enemies. But his tight grip on the steer- ing wheel has often threatened to lead the department off a cliff. Last week offered a particu- larly vivid portrait of the conse- quences of Mr. Trump’s med- dling, which, in the span of only a few days, imperiled one criminal case, set the stage for sanctions in a second and gummed up the chances that his pick for attorney general will be confirmed by the Senate. Mr. Trump has long believed that he is his own best adviser and that, as the leader of the executive branch, he enjoys complete control over the agen- cies beneath him. But there is a
grip on the steering wheel could lead the department off a cliff.
reason the department in charge of federal law enforcement has traditionally stood outside of the president’s personal purview, said Norman L. Eisen, a lawyer involved in some of the recent cases who, earlier in his career, worked on the Obama adminis- tration’s “no contact” policy with the Justice Department. “When presidents meddle in the department,” Mr. Eisen said, “it tends to disrupt its normal functioning.” The problems last week began on Wednesday, when lawyers for James B. Comey, the former F.B.I. director, filed court papers revealing that Secret Service agents who questioned their client about a photograph he posted showing seashells on a beach arranged to read “86 47” were ordered to quickly send a summary of the interview to Mr. Trump on Air Force One. The interview was “a hot topic on the plane,” and the president was “very interested,” the filing said. In fact, it added, Mr. Trump wanted to use the agents’ notes as fodder at a coming media appearance even though they presumably contained sensitive and unverified investigative information. The request for the notes was a shocking breach of the distance that most presidents have kept from the day-to-day oversight of
Says She Will Leave in 2027
By ALAN BLINDER
Brown University’s president said Monday that she would step down at the end of the coming aca- demic year, after steering Brown through fraught negotiations with the Trump administration and the agony of a campus shooting that left two students dead. The president, Christina H. Paxson, has been in her post long- er than any other current leader of an Ivy League university. She be- came president in 2012. In an open letter on Monday, she described her resignation as “the right decision for me and my family” and noted that she had previously extended her tenure to manage the university’s clash with the federal government. The university extinguished some of that fight last summer, when it agreed to a settlement that included Brown’s $50 million commitment to work force devel- opment programs in Rhode Is- land. Brown forged the agreement after the Trump administration moved to block $510 million in re- search funds, which was part of a broader campaign to punish elite universities for perceived anti- semitism and inaction over pro- tests against the war in Gaza. Although the Brown agreement explicitly preserved the universi- ty’s authority over academic mat- ters and restored the research money, its terms also aligned the school with the administration’s approaches to transgender ath- letes and “merit-based” admis- sions policies. Dr. Paxson faced substantial campus criticism over the settle- ment, which some regarded as an
criminal investigations and indi- cated the intensity of Mr. Trump’s personal involvement in the pursuit of Mr. Comey, one of his most reviled political adver- saries. But his insistence on interfer- ing with the case could come back to haunt him. After all, Mr. Comey’s lawyers pointed to the episode as evidence that the Justice Department had indicted him — on charges of making threats against the president — only as an act of retribution. If that claim is proven true, it would result in the case being dismissed. Mr. Trump’s intrusive instincts also played a role last week in the demise of another criminal case, one that accused the for- mer Olympic canoeist David Hearn with vandalizing one of the president’s pet projects, the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool. When Jeanine Pirro, the U.S. attorney in Washington, an- nounced the indictment of Mr. Hearn last month, she made it clear that the charges had been brought, at least in part, because Mr. Trump wanted them. “This is not only a priority for the president,” she told reporters, “but for myself.” On Friday night, however, the case fell apart in a spectacular fashion. Ms. Pirro, in a court filing, suddenly acknowledged that new information from Mr. Trump’s Interior Department had made her realize that shoddy construction, not anything that Mr. Hearn had done, caused the problems with the pool’s lining. But even that confession did not stop Mr. Trump from dou- bling down on the vandalism narrative. On Saturday morning, he posted a message on social media saying that he disagreed entirely with Ms. Pirro, a veteran prosecutor and a friend of his for more than 40 years. “I don’t know what she was thinking?” Mr. Trump wrote. While Mr. Hearn's lawyers have not disclosed what they might do next, the case’s collapse gives them an opening to argue that the president’s stubborn statements about the matter suggest the prosecution was vexatious, frivolous or brought in bad faith. Should a move like that suc- ceed, it would add to the roster of Ms. Pirro’s failures to go after Mr. Trump’s enemies — a list that already includes six Demo- cratic lawmakers accused of sedition by the president after they posted a video reminding military personnel of their obli- gations to ignore illegal orders. It would also allow Mr. Hearn to recoup legal fees for the cast of lawyers he hired to defend him- self. The president also intervened
act of capitulation to an adminis- tration abusing its power. But lat- er in the year, she forcefully re- jected a Trump administration proposal for a compact with col- leges and universities that floated tying research funding to ideolog- ical alignment. At the time, Dr. Paxson said she was worried that the compact “would restrict academic freedom and undermine the autonomy” of Brown. (Hours before Dr. Paxson’s an- nouncement on Monday, the ad- ministration effectively aban- doned talk of a compact and en- couraged universities to detail on their websites how they are re- sponding to a litany of complaints about higher education.) Brown’s year of turbulence turned to tragedy in December, af- ter a former Brown student opened fire on campus, killing two and injuring nine others. As Dr. Paxson tried to lead the university through the aftermath, her leader- ship came under scrutiny, espe- cially over the school’s approach to securing its campus in Provi- dence, R.I., where visitors have long had easy access. Brian T. Moynihan, the Bank of America chief executive who is the university’s chancellor, said Dr. Paxson had led Brown through its challenges with a “balance of commitment to academic excel- lence, operational excellence and a collaborative philosophy.” Mr. Moynihan signaled that the cycle of strategic planning had played a role in the timing of Dr. Paxson’s exit. He added that there would be a national search for the next president.
The Justice Department in Washington. President Trump’s meddling imperiled one criminal pros- ecution, set the stage for sanctions in a second, and complicated the chances of a key nomination.
on another important bit of busi- ness at the Justice Department: the effort to confirm Todd Blanche, Mr. Trump’s former personal lawyer, as attorney general. As the week came to an end, Mr. Blanche seemed well on his way to removing the main hurdle to his appointment, calming the concerns expressed by two Re- publican senators — John Cornyn of Texas and Thom Tillis of North Carolina. The lawmak- ers have repeatedly voiced un- happiness with the $1.8 billion compensation fund and the ex- traordinary personal tax protec- tions that emerged this spring from Mr. Trump’s deal to drop his lawsuit against the Internal Revenue Service. But as the weekend neared, the president seemed to throw Mr. Blanche under the bus that he himself was driving, issuing a
Mr. Platkin said that was clearly not the case. He pointed to the original wording of the documents that created what Democrats have called a slush fund that could be used to pay convicted rioters of Jan. 6, 2021, and other supporters of Mr. Trump who have been in- vestigated, prosecuted or claim to have been mistreated by the fed- eral government. The original terms of the docu- ments creating the fund said it “may be modified only with the written agreement of the parties” — a reference to Mr. Trump, his sons Eric and Donald Trump Jr., the Trump Organization and spe- cific government agencies. The creation of the fund elicited legal challenges in part because it was drafted by private lawyers for Mr. Trump negotiating with law- yers in the Trump administration. The deal was meant to settle Mr. Trump’s lawsuit demanding at least $10 billion from the I.R.S. over the leak of his tax returns years ago. It was also meant to settle Mr. Trump’s claims, made directly to the federal govern- ment, for $230 million in compen- sation for past F.B.I. investiga- tions of his conduct. Mr. Blanche and others have ar- gued that judges had no authority to review how it was created or its terms. Mr. Blanche’s order, however, is a government document signed only by him. “So absent any, a new executed agreement that they en- ter into, all of this is meaningless as a matter of law,” Mr. Platkin said.
series of confusing and contra- dictory messages. On Friday, he appeared to step back from his earlier threat to withdraw Mr. Blanche’s nomina- tion and repeated his support for creating the fund, which Mr. Blanche had already said was dead. On Saturday, Mr. Trump again asserted that he would revive the fund, which could be used to compensate rioters who stormed the Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, if the Senate did not con- firm Mr. Blanche. Mr. Tillis, for one, seemed baffled and dispirited by Mr. Trump’s chaotic interference in the confirmation process, holding out hope that the president’s back-and-forth approach would end before the Senate went on summer recess early this week. “It’s unfortunate that Todd Blanche, who I consider qualified for the job, will not be confirmed
KENNY HOLSTON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Skye Perryman of Democracy Forward said the assurances were not legally binding.
For one, an order from the attor- ney general can be reversed by a future order from an attorney gen- eral, so in theory the fund could be revived by the same type of writ- ten document any time after Mr. Blanche is confirmed. Senator Adam B. Schiff, Demo- crat of California, echoed those concerns in a statement, asserting that the new written promise did not prevent the administration “from bringing the slush fund back from the dead next week.” He noted that it “still leaves vague who and what is covered” by the tax provisions. Mr. Cornyn, speaking to report- ers on Monday, pushed back, say- ing, “There’s literally nothing we could do other than have the presi- dent change the settlement agree- ment to make them legally bind- ing.” He added, “What we could do, and what we did do, is get Todd Blanche to testify under oath, and
ALEX KENT/THE NEW YORK TIMES
because of this reversal,” Mr. Tillis wrote on social media. “Hopefully, we can resolve this by Tuesday.” There appeared to be a break- through on the matter late Sun- day night when Mr. Blanche posted two documents: a signed memo in which he said that the Justice Department was formally rescinding an order that created the fund and an unsigned state- ment in which the agency clari- fied the terms of the tax protec- tions. Mr. Blanche’s message said that the documents had emerged from “good faith discussions” with senators, and by Monday afternoon, Mr. Trump was insist- ing he had no part in the revised plan. “I didn’t look at it,” Mr. Trump said in the Oval Office. “All I know is that Todd Blanche is great.”
then to get the D.O.J. on the record that this is their official interpreta- tion of those provisions.” Mr. Tillis acknowledged the po- tential limitations of the written assurances. “Now, could the presi- dent completely reverse this and create a new fund?” he said. “He could, and then he can answer to the American people.” Another still-open question is whether judges who are oversee- ing lawsuits over the fund will ac- cept Mr. Blanche’s written assur- ances, absent a sworn declaration from the acting attorney general. One of those judges, Leonie M. Brinkema, has demanded that top administration officials file sworn declarations to the court. Skye Perryman, the president and chief executive of Democracy Forward, one of the groups that sued over the fund, expressed doubts that Mr. Blanche’s written promise was legally binding, giv- en the administration’s refusal weeks ago to comply with the judge’s request. “If the Justice Department truly intended to end the anti- weaponization fund on its own, it would submit the sworn declara- tion that the court in our matter requested, amend the agreement that created the fund, and make clear that it cannot be revived,” she said. Mr. Blanche and the ad- ministration, she said, “appear to want to have their cake and eat it too.” Finally, the Justice Depart- ment’s longstanding authority to settle lawsuits against the govern- ment means that with or without the formal mechanism of a so- called anti-weaponization fund, the administration can still cut million-dollar checks to people who claim to have been victimized by prior administrations.
To Elicit Change At Universities
By MICHAEL C. BENDER and ALAN BLINDER
The Trump administration is making another push to persuade university leaders to address poli- cies that it says have eroded trust with the American public, sending an open letter on Monday to col- lege leaders asking them to re- spond to concerns over academic standards, admissions pro- cedures and tuition costs. The letter, signed by Education Secretary Linda McMahon, is a departure from an attempt last year to incentivize universities with a so-called compact that dan- gled easier access to research funding for schools that embraced the administration’s agenda. That proposal was rejected. This time, the administration is not proposing any new legal or regulatory mandates and avoids any specific requests for eliminat- ing protections for transgender students. Instead, Ms. McMahon asks every postsecondary institu- tion in the nation to publicly state its commitments and planned changes “before the end of 2026.” University presidents and gov- erning boards are asked to ad- dress seven subjects — including free speech, foreign influence, ar- tificial intelligence and academic rigor — and post the statements prominently on their websites. Ms. McMahon’s letter suggests that changes will improve acade- mia’s reputation among American parents and students. “The dilution of academic standards, opaque admissions policies and a domineering mono- culture have badly eroded public trust,” she wrote, adding that “only full candor and transparen- cy can begin to strengthen the bonds between higher education and the American people.” Leaders of the Association of American Universities, which in- cludes dozens of top schools, ac- knowledged in a statement on Monday that some in the group had offered feedback to adminis- tration officials before the letter’s release on Monday. The new push comes about 10 months after officials, including Ms. McMahon, proposed a com- pact to try to pull schools into ideological alignment. The docu- ment called for, among other con- ditions, a cap on international en- rollment; a tuition freeze; and consideration of “transforming or abolishing institutional units that purposefully punish, belittle and even spark violence against con- servative ideas.” It also called for institutions to pledge to adhere to the adminis- tration’s preferred definitions around biological sex. And it en- couraged policies to “recognize that academic freedom is not ab- solute, and universities shall adopt policies that prevent dis- criminatory, threatening, har- assing or other behaviors that abridge the rights of other mem- bers of the university community.” But the effort collapsed after many of the schools the White House handpicked for feedback on the idea condemned the pro- posal in scathing terms. A central grievance was the ad- ministration’s suggestion that it would give schools preferential treatment for federal funding in exchange for backing the com- pact’s ideas. That proposal col- lided with generations of history, practice and competition among universities to secure funding on the basis of merit. The compact envisioned stiff fi- nancial penalties, such as the re- imbursement of “all monies ad- vanced by the U.S. government during the year of any violation,” for any participating university that the Justice Department alone deemed out of compliance. Although a handful of small in- stitutions volunteered to sign, only one of the name-brand schools that the government asked for feedback — the Univer- sity of Texas — was enthusiastic. Most others, in public and in pri- vate, sounded notes like Sally Ko- rnbluth, M.I.T.’s president, who warned that the proposal included ideas “that would restrict freedom of expression and our independ- ence as an institution.” Confronted with rare, largely united resistance from higher ed- ucation leaders, the administra- tion backed down. They began inserting some ideas into policy. The State De- partment started prioritizing visa requests for students at schools that were under a 15 percent cap on international students enrolled in undergraduate classes that the compact had envisioned. But Dr. Mitchell said he was pleased by “the change in tone” that Monday’s letter seemed to suggest. “It’s much less pugilistic than many things that have come out of this administration,” he said. “I think that it identifies several im- portant positive principles — and it calls out a couple of things that we know we need to do better.”
Traditional Corridos Hit Streets Faster
By SASHA VON OLDERSHAUSEN
AUSTIN, Texas — The melan- cholic songs began to appear on social media just days after an im- migration agent fatally shot Lo- renzo Salgado Araujo while he was on his way to work in early July. One such melody — or corrido, a traditional Mexican folk ballad — was made by Jaime Velasquez, with a little help from A.I. Mr. Velasquez, 42, had grown up in Houston’s close-knit, heavily Latino, Magnolia Park neighbor- hood. Mr. Araujo was killed there during a traffic stop on July 7. That sense of solidarity made Mr. Arau- jo’s death especially painful. “It’s like somebody took my un- cle or my dad,” Mr. Velasquez said. “Even though I don’t know the family, it touched me. It touched my heart.” He began jotting down the de- tails of the shooting gathered from news broadcasts. Then he wrote a corrido, in Spanish, from Mr. Araujo’s perspective. The lyrics included:
It was early on the morning of July 7th, roosters were crowing and the sun was rising, when I left my home filled with love and hope . . .
Once he’d finished writing, he used an A.I. song generator called Zona to compose the tune. “It lets you put instrumentals on it and choose a voice,” he said. Within seconds, the software had produced a finished corrido that he shared on Facebook. Two days after Mr. Araujo was killed, the corrido was already echoing through the Magnolia Park neigh- borhood, blaring from car stereos. For generations, corridos have helped Mexican and Mexican American communities make sense of violence, injustice and loss on their own terms. Now the centuries-old tradition is colliding with modern realities: high-pro- file immigration arrests and shootings, A.I. that can create songs in seconds and social media that can spread them before the deaths have been investigated.
Ainara Tiefenthaler contributed reporting.
Jaime Velasquez performing his corrido, a traditional Mexican ballad, about Lorenzo Salgado Araujo, at a memorial site in Houston. Mr. Velasquez working on the song in his home studio, right.
Since the mid-19th century, cor- ridos have functioned as a form of news, preserving the version of events remembered by communi- ties rather than the authorities. “It was news as the public expe- rienced it — not the way that offi- cial channels were going to report about it in newspapers,” said Tere- sita Lozano, a ballad scholar at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, whose work explores the intersection of immigration poli- tics and corridos. The corrido tradition traces its roots to the Spanish romance bal- lad, which colonizers brought with them to Mexico. The music emerged as a distinctly Mexican form as tensions mounted along the Texas-Mexico border after the Mexican-American War in the mid-1800s. The thousands of corridos writ- ten since then resemble an alter- native history of the border, docu-
menting moments of violence, in- justice and loss. When Texas Rangers de- scended upon a small border vil- lage, Porvenir, in 1918 and killed 15 unarmed Mexican American men and boys, members of the commu- nity memorialized the massacre in a corrido. They did the same af- ter Esequiel Hernández, a high school sophomore, was shot and killed by U.S. Marines patrolling the Texas border in 1997. Mr. Araujo’s death, scholars said, fits squarely within that tra- dition. “This is a community reacting in the way it has been doing it for over a hundred years,” said Juan Carlos Ramírez-Pimienta, a lead- ing corrido scholar at San Diego State University. “The corrido tradition still serves that purpose,” he added. “To communicate indignation.” What has changed, thanks to
PHOTOGRAPHS BY ANTRANIK TAVITIAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
technology, is the speed at which these corridos are made. Ms. Lozano noticed the prolifer- ation of A.I.-assisted corridos on social media after Charlie Kirk’s death in September 2025. “I remember them popping up really quickly,” she said, “and I was thinking, ‘Is it even possible for someone to write it this quickly?’” In the past, a corrido’s reach was constrained by geography, ra- dio D.J.s and the recording indus- try. Today, a new corrido can be re- corded, uploaded and shared across platforms like TikTok and YouTube within hours. Mr. Araujo’s death in Houston has left a scar across the East End. A father of three U.S.-born chil- dren who spent 35 years building homes around the city, he was killed by an Immigration and Customs Enforcement officer dur- ing an operation aimed at another
For Free Child Care Each Year, Report Says
tween Mr. Mamdani’s estimate and the center’s projection is largely attributable to teacher pay. The center’s model builds in higher rates that researchers rec- ommend the city pay the child care centers it contracts with. Re- searchers also found that the city will have to hire about 23,000 new child care workers, mostly to staff classrooms of infants and chil- dren under 3 years old. Child care providers in family care centers — small programs run out of private homes — have a median take-home pay of just $6 an hour, according to a separate report by the center. Jenna Lyle, a spokeswoman for the mayor, did not directly com- ment on the center’s $9 billion es-
New York City will have to hire 23,000 new workers.
timate, but said the city is com- mitted to getting child care work- ers raises while also meeting par- ent demand for more free care. “Delivering on those promises will require additional public in- vestment, and this administra- tion has been clear about that from the start,” she said in a state- ment. The researchers projected that the Mamdani administration would need to create about 10,000 new seats to accommodate the in- fants and toddlers who are too young to enroll in pre-K right now. The city would most likely be able to meet that demand by rely- ing on New York’s patchwork sys- tem of family child care centers. But many of those facilities serve families who use vouchers, which are not yet a significant part of City Hall’s child care plan. Mr. Mamdani has said he wants to offer free access without any in- come cutoffs, but the center’s re- port argues that it could be sim- pler — and at least marginally less expensive — to incorporate child care vouchers for low-in- come families, which are already funded mostly by the state and federal government. (City Hall could, for example, offer subsi- dized vouchers to all families in
man. His story has turned into something more than one family’s tragedy: It’s a communal loss that has long inspired people like Mr. Velasquez to write corridos. “He was a hard-working man who went out every day for his family,” said Mr. Velasquez, who owns and operates a mobile colli- sion repair business in Houston. “That’s what I do every day.” Norma Galo Medina, who lives in North Carolina, was similarly moved to create a corrido after Mr. Araujo’s death. “I felt a great deal of sadness and shock,” she said. “What we im- migrants are living through in this country made me think about the importance of honoring his memo- ry.” She spent two sleepless nights writing the lyrics, then used an app called BandLab to create a musical arrangement. “I told it I wanted regional Mexi- can music — a sad, mournful norteño corrido,” Ms. Medina said. She adjusted the instrumenta- tion and chord progressions. Then she recorded herself singing, us- ing A.I. to alter her range. “I used a male voice so it would sound stronger,” she said. She shared the corrido in a Tik- Tok post that has since been viewed more than 40,000 times. Ms. Medina said she was over- whelmed by the response. The corrido genre has seen its share of reinvention. Contempo- rary artists like Peso Pluma and Junior H have popularized “corri- dos tumbados,” or trap corridos, which fuse the traditional narra- tive ballad with hip-hop and trap influences. Traditionalists have questioned whether these trap corridos qualify as corridos at all. Andrea Daniela, a mariachi al- ternative artist originally from Magnolia Park, whose own work blends corridos and spirituality — a style she calls “corridos metafísicos” — believes that A.I. crosses a line. “A.I. can’t replicate presence,” she said. “A.I. can’t replicate my passion, my heart.” Mr. Ramírez-Pimienta, the cor- rido scholar, is not convinced this new technology poses an exist- ential threat to the art form. When commercial records and radio be- came dominant, he said, corridos that once stretched seven or eight minutes long were truncated to fit the constraints of a three-minute recording. “Despite all the technological advances, the genre is still here,” Mr. Ramírez-Pimienta said. “It still serves a purpose.”
Supporters of a free child care system proposed by Mayor Zohran Mamdani of New York. Researchers say the city will need to pay educators more. City Hall has not yet released its own cost model.
some low-income ZIP codes, Ms. Melodia suggested.) Gov. Kathy Hochul has given the Mamdani administration $1.2 billion to jump-start its pro- gram for 2-year-olds in some neighborhoods. City Hall cur- rently has no plan to fund the ex- pansion after next year, besides asking the state for more money. The governor has said she plans to continue to fund the program. “We are grateful to Governor Hochul for her partnership and initial investment in this work,” said Ms. Lyle, the spokeswoman. Mr. Mamdani and his allies have already promised to renew pressure on the governor to pass a tax increase in Albany on New York City residents making more than $1 million a year. The cen-
In Michigan Are Linked To Parasite
By CAROLINE HOPKINS LEGASPI
Health officials in Michigan have linked two deaths to cy- closporiasis, an intestinal illness caused by the parasite cy- clospora. These are the first fatali- ties associated with a nine-state outbreak connected to iceberg let- tuce supplied by Taylor Farms, a spokeswoman for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said. Both of the people who died had “significant underlying health conditions that may have been impacted by cyclosporiasis and dehydration,” according to an up- date posted to the Michigan Health Department’s website. Michigan, which is at the center of the nine-state outbreak, has re- ported 11,234 cases and 193 hospi- talizations. John Guzewich, who worked on food-borne disease outbreaks at the Food and Drug Administra- tion from 1997 to 2011, said he was not aware of any other instances where the C.D.C. had reported deaths in the United States linked to the parasite, which spreads through food or water contami- nated with human feces. The infection, which causes se- vere diarrhea that can last from a few days to a month or more, is typically treated with antibiotics. Deaths from cyclosporiasis are atypical in the United States, said Matthew Moore, a food safety microbiologist at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. But lengthy bouts of diarrhea can be dangerous for vulnerable groups including infants, older adults and those who are pregnant or have weakened immune systems. The deaths come during the worst year on record for cyclospo- riasis in the United States. Since May 1, the C.D.C. has confirmed or is investigating more than 18,000 cases in 45 states, and has re- ported 423 hospitalizations. Health officials in Michigan say that they are cautiously optimistic that the outbreak in their state is starting to wane, though. During the weeks that began on July 13 and 20, Michigan reported around 3,500 new cases per week. Last week, the state’s health depart- ment reported just over 2,000 new cases.
ADAM GRAY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
ter’s new estimate might make that task even more urgent. To make its case, City Hall would most likely have to prove that parents are clamoring for more child care spots. So far, that picture is mixed: Despite Mr. Mamdani’s active encourage- ment, roughly the same number of parents applied this year as last year, under former Mayor Eric Adams, who barely advertised the programs. City officials said they were en- couraged by parent demand for seats for 2-year-olds; enrollment data will be released on Tuesday. “The extraordinary response to our first 2-K application season is proof the demand is there,” Ms. Lyle said. “Now our responsibility is to meet it.”
Jewish Americans.” The race has divided prominent Democrats and drawn a flood of outside money, nearly all of it to help Ms. Stevens, including more than $60 million in pro-Stevens super PAC ads. For the Democratic Party’s left, the race is a chance to notch its most significant victory yet in a primary season when progres- sive, anti-establishment candi- dates have made inroads. For cen- trists, the race is an opportunity to steer the party toward what it sees as a stronger blueprint for November. Ms. Stevens, a moderate from the Detroit suburbs who was first elected in the 2018 Democratic wave, says she is best equipped to prevail in November against for- mer Representative Mike Rogers, the Republican candidate who does not face primary opposition. She and her allies are emphasiz- ing her focus on Michigan and casting Dr. El-Sayed as someone more interested in his national im- age, with views that could alienate swing voters. Dr. El-Sayed, who would be the first Muslim senator if elected this fall, is a progressive who lost the 2018 primary for governor and in the years since has written a book and hosted a podcast. He is posi- tioning himself as a champion for the working class and as a fighter against corporate interests. He wants to abolish ICE and is sharply critical of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee, which through its main super PAC has spent more than $30 million on ads backing Ms. Stevens. In the final weekend of cam- paigning, the candidates traded more blows, with Dr. El-Sayed ac- cusing Ms. Stevens of running a “flailing” campaign and Ms. Stevens arguing that she was the “only candidate who can keep Michigan blue.” The harsh tenor of the race has the party on edge on the eve of the primary. “It just strikes me that he’s maybe in a dark spot and throw- ing shots,” Ms. Stevens said of her rival during a recent interview at a campaign stop in Muskegon.
Divisions Over Israel
At a moment when Democrats across the country are in a fierce debate over Middle East policy, the two candidates could not be further apart on what the U.S. re- lationship with Israel should look like. Ms. Stevens says she does not believe that Israel and its prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, have committed genocide in Gaza. She voted to continue funding Is-
To a Michigan Progressive
By EVAN GORELICK
Democrats in a battleground congressional district in Michigan are eager to oust a vulnerable Re- publican incumbent, as they look to win back control of the House in November. But first, they must settle, in their own ranks, a messy and bit- ter competition that some worry could complicate their plans this fall. The Democratic primary, which will be decided on Tuesday, has been consumed by hostilities in recent weeks. Two moderate can- didates — who have refused the other camp’s calls to drop out — could split the vote and help open the door for a left-wing hopeful who centrist Democrats believe would alienate swing voters in the general election. Progressive supporters believe he can win, and they see the race as one of several opportunities to build momentum this primary season. The more moderate candidates are Matt Maasdam, a retired Navy SEAL, and Bridget A. Brink, who resigned as ambassador to Ukraine over President Trump’s coziness with Russia. As they have competed bitterly, William Lawrence, a progressive organ- izer backed by Senator Bernie Sanders, independent of Vermont, has emerged as a strong contend- er in the primary. The winner will take on Representative Tom Bar- rett, seen as one of the most at- risk Republican incumbents in this year’s midterms. “People are absolutely worried about Lawrence being able to beat Barrett,” said State Senator Sarah Anthony, who represents constit- uents in Michigan’s Seventh Dis- trict but has not endorsed in the House race. The recriminations “could be harming our party in ways we can’t see yet,” she added. The primary is one of several Democratic contests on Tuesday in which an insurgent progressive movement that has secured some high-profile victories this primary
rael’s military without conditions and makes no apology for the mil- lions AIPAC has spent on her be- half. “If she was running against Benjamin Netanyahu, I wouldn’t even consider her,” said Osama A. Siblani, the publisher of The Arab American News in Dearborn. “Haley Stevens is a miserable per- son. She is a loser. She should not be in the Senate.” Dr. El-Sayed said in an inter- view last month that he did not be- lieve that Israel should exist as a Jewish state. When a suburban Detroit synagogue was attacked in March, he released a video con- demning the violence with a cav- eat noting it was inspired by Is- rael’s actions in the Middle East, which infuriated some local Jew- ish officials. “We can and must condemn the attack on Temple Israel and we can and must condemn the vio- lence 6,000 miles away,” Dr. El- Sayed said then. “And we can and must condemn the broken politics that allows leaders to make war that they pretend has no conse- quences.” Jordan Acker, an elected Uni- versity of Michigan regent who backs Ms. Stevens, said that if Dr. El-Sayed is elected to the Senate, Michigan’s Jewish community will be at risk. “His language has allowed li- cense for people to act against the Jewish community in this state,” Mr. Acker said. “Abdul has more work to do with reassuring the Jewish community in Michigan that they will be physically safe if Abdul is in government.” Democrats have become in- creasingly critical of Israel in re- cent years, and Michigan’s prima- ry will provide a fresh measure of views in the party. AIPAC and its allies have flooded the airwaves with ads boasting of Ms. Stevens’s ties to former President Barack Obama (she worked on his rescue of the Detroit automobile industry) and bashing Dr. El-Sayed for once writing a skeptical opinion essay about Michelle Obama. “The role of AIPAC spending in this race is a symbol of the broader problem,” said Jeremy Ben-Ami, the president of J Street, the center-left Jewish lobby that endorsed a third candidate in the race, Mallory McMorrow, who dropped out in early July. “It’s been really destructive. We think this level of engagement is not in any way good for Israel.”
A Bitter Contest
Both sides agree on one thing: Holding the Michigan seat being vacated by Senator Gary Peters, a Democrat who is retiring after two terms, is essential for any
season faces a fresh test of its ap- peal. From Dr. Abdul El-Sayed’s push to defeat an establishment- backed rival in Michigan’s marquee Senate primary, to the comeback attempt by a former “Squad” member, Representative Cori Bush, in Missouri, to demo- cratic socialist Donavan McKin- ney’s effort to oust an incumbent Democrat in Detroit, there is much at stake for the left And the unusual scrum in Mich- igan’s Seventh District is raising progressives’ hopes. The rivalry between the two moderate campaigns turned ugly last month when Senator Elissa Slotkin, a Democrat who held the seat before Mr. Barrett, formally endorsed Mr. Maasdam, filmed a super PAC ad on his behalf and put her name on his fund-raising materials. Ms. Slotkin’s interven- tion for Mr. Maasdam stunned and upset some Democrats, especially those in Ms. Brink’s camp, who felt the former ambassador had a clearer path to victory. Recently, tensions in the race have risen, with negative ads and accusations flying. “It’s been very difficult, particu- larly in the last two weeks with the endorsing and the terrible TV ads,” said State Representative Jennifer Conlin, who represents constituents in the Seventh Dis- trict and has endorsed Ms. Brink. The House Democratic cam- paign arm has not made an en- dorsement in the primary. Mean- while, Mr. Lawrence, who sup- ports Medicare for all and the end of arms sales to Israel, has ap- peared to build momentum through the final stretch of the race. He also faced criticism after a comment he made in 2024 saying an older generation of Black Dem- ocratic leadership “defangs the white left” surfaced online. The Congressional Black Caucus’s po- litical organization said his back- ers should withdraw their support for him. Mr. Lawrence said he re- gretted the comment.
Haley Stevens on Sunday in Madison Heights, Mich. The race has drawn a flood of outside money, nearly all of it to help Ms. Stevens, including more than $60 million in pro-Stevens super PAC ads.
Abdul El-Sayed in June in Romulus, Mich. Dr. El-Sayed’s campaign is better funded than Ms. Stevens’s, but for weeks he has been swamped by the volume of pro-Stevens advertising.
ter funded than Ms. Stevens’s, but for weeks he has been swamped by the volume of pro-Stevens ad- vertising. He has hosted cam- paign rallies with progressive lu- minaries, including Senator Bernie Sanders, independent of
hopes of winning a Senate major- ity in November. Democrats must retain their seats and flip at least four Republican-held ones to take control of the chamber. The state has swung back and forth in the last three presidential
Representative Tom Barrett is seen as one of the most at-risk Republican incumbents this cycle.
Mr. Lawrence said in an inter- view that he was “someone who has always been learning and growing.” He added that he had been in contact with House lead- ership and that, if elected, he
Matt Maas- dam, a retired Navy SEAL, is one of two moderate Democrats in a bitter race.
elections. The outcome of the Sen- ate race could begin reverberat- ing in the Democratic nominating contest, with Michigan expected to be one of the first states to vote for a presidential candidate. Dr. El-Sayed’s campaign is bet-
would support Representative Hakeem Jeffries of New York for speaker. Republicans are eager to run against left-wing candidates and portray them as outside the main-
Bridget Brink, the former Ukraine am- bassador, feels she has a clearer path to winning.
NIC ANTAYA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
NICK HAGEN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
HAIYUN JIANG/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Will Lawrence, a progressive, may benefit. Some Repub- licans want to face him.
stream. So when a shadowy super PAC sprang up late last month and began running ads attacking Mr. Maasdam — and promoting Mr. Lawrence — some Democrats ac- cused Republicans of meddling.
to the party’s hopes of capturing a majority in the upper chamber.
Vermont, and Representative Al- exandria Ocasio-Cortez, Demo- crat of New York. Dr. El-Sayed is just one of a handful of left-wing candidates challenging establishment Demo- cratic candidates on Tuesday. Democratic socialists are waging competitive campaigns in two House races, and a third is seek- ing to oust the mayor of Ann Ar- bor. To many, the Senate race has felt deeply personal. Ms. Stevens’s Michigan accent has even become a point of dispute, with detractors mocking her or questioning the accent while sup- porters have used it as a rallying cry. Dr. El-Sayed has urged his backers not to attack her person- ally. For Ms. Stevens to defy recent surveys and win, she needs a large turnout from Black voters, with whom polls show she has a clear advantage thanks in part to AIPAC’s ads featuring praise for her from Mr. Obama. The clip, from a 2018 rally when Ms. Stevens was first running for the House, has featured promi- nently with Black audiences in Michigan. Branden Snyder, the Michigan state director for the Working Families Party, which has endorsed Dr. El-Sayed, said that his own cousin believed Mr. Obama has endorsed Ms. Stevens. (He has not.) Dr. El-Sayed, Mr. Snyder said, is the clear favorite with younger white voters and college-educated progressives. “For the non-college educated and Black voters, he’s got a lot of work to do to make up ground,” Mr. Snyder said. At a recent campaign rally in Canton Township, a diverse De- troit suburb, Dr. El-Sayed pre- dicted that the super PAC money being spent against him would be for naught. “You can’t buy enthusiasm,” he said. Ms. Stevens, for her part, dis- missed the notion that the Senate primary is a gauge for the Demo- cratic Party’s direction. “All of them say, ‘Oh my gosh, it’s the future of the party,’” she told supporters in Muskegon. “I’m like, Well, that’s really nice, but how about the future of my state and my people?”
staying in a primary may upend fall plans.
Democrats pointed to a little- known South Dakota bank it uses that has been linked with G.O.P. operatives. The group, called Michigan Sunrise PAC, did not re- spond to requests for comment Ms. Brink said in a statement that voters she talks to “see through the desperate lies, mud- slinging, and smears that have been launched in this race and are fed up with this kind of politics.” Emma Grundhauser, Mr. Maas- dam’s campaign manager, said in a statement that the campaign was “not focused on finger-point- ing in Washington DC” but on speaking to voters. When Ms. Slotkin endorsed Mr. Maasdam and cut an ad for him, some allies of Ms. Brink were con- fused by the timing — and worried that Ms. Slotkin would undercut the momentum they felt Ms. Brink’s campaign had built earlier in the race. Ms. Slotkin had distributed polling data touting Mr. Maas- dam’s prospects in June 2025, a re- view of polling materials and re- lated written correspondence show, and recruited him to run, ac- cording to multiple Democrats fa- miliar with the situation, who spoke on the condition of ano- nymity to describe private talks. “Senator Slotkin is singularly focused on one thing: flipping her old seat from red back to blue,” Josh Stewart, a spokesman for Ms. Slotkin, said.
Runs Through Talk Over Path Forward
By EMMA GOLDBERG
CHICAGO — The democratic social- ists packed into a dive bar on Chicago’s South Side were in a bubbly mood after the first day of their national summit. Hayley Banyai-Becker, a 31-year-old from Portland, Ore., stood on a chair to rally fellow members of the Democratic Socialists of America to stay on “the front lines of class struggle.” But there was a problem: None of them could hear her. “Did they just turn the music up?” Ms. Banyai-Becker called out, over the thump of angry rock. “Scream louder!” a D.S.A. member said. “Should we go up one by one and tell them to turn the music down?” asked an- other. “Let’s organize!” said a third. “We’re going to resume after we talk to the owner,” Ms. Banyai-Becker said, heading off to confront the bar’s proprie- tors, who also happened to be members of the local D.S.A. If it’s true that a hammer finds nails everywhere it looks, it can also be said that the Democratic Socialists of Amer- ica, even in the midst of a raucous party, will find a reason to fight. On the heels of high-profile primary wins, it might seem that a national gath- ering of nearly 500 members of the D.S.A. — the country’s largest socialist organization — would feel ecstatic, like a summer camp social for 20-somethings who bewilderingly found themselves beating Democratic Party mainstays and finagling the keys to New York’s City Hall. But as D.S.A. members gathered for sessions such as “Building Working Class Solidarity,” ecstasy was not the dominant sentiment. It was more like nervous fervor, jittery anticipation, the thudding knowledge that everything they’re looking to do — run a candidate for president in 2028, grow their organi- zation to one million members — will only come after well over 1,000 hours of solemn debate. “Whether we have 20,000 members or 100,000 members, there’s always going to be people who are pragmatic and peo- ple who are more principled,” said Nate Knauf, 28, a leader in Atlanta’s chapter. It’s a real challenge the organization faces. While D.S.A.-backed candidates have won some recent primaries, the or- ganization’s decision-making processes look markedly different from a tradi- tional political party’s. Although its lead- ers insist that this is a feature — democ- racy at work — the internal chaos also raises questions, especially about how the organization plans to address con- cerns from some Democrats who worry about being tagged as extremists by as- sociation, not to mention fierce animos- ity coming from the right. But under the twinkle lights of the dive bar on Friday night, surrounded by a pin- ball machine, a photo booth and a black- board advertising $7 beers, members of the D.S.A. punched their fists in the air. They formed a sea of sweatshirts that read “Red Hot Socialist Summer,” pins emblazoned with the names of victorious D.S.A. candidates, tattoos of roses and tote bags stuffed with socialist reading material. Perched on a chair in the back
The Democratic Socialists of Amer- ica, even in the midst of a raucous party, will find a reason to fight.
sharing voter turnout strategies and ad- miring far-left merchandise (guillotine earrings, “Land Lords Suck” pins and red roses, a symbol of the group). Many dismissed the notion that their positions could be a political problem and said they felt no need to moderate them. Electoral wins were proof, they reasoned, that Democratic voters were moving closer to them. As an ardent socialist movement has encroached more deeply into the Demo- cratic Party, with D.S.A.-backed candi- dates ousting incumbent Democrats from New York to Colorado and notching other victories this year, the challenges associated with that often-difficult co- habitation are coming into sharper focus. Those include questions on each side about the utility of working with the other. “Toxic to a broad majority of the coun- try” was how Neera Tanden, the presi- dent of the Center for American Progress, a Democratic think tank, de- scribed aspirations such as prison aboli- tion and doing away with the Senate. She predicted that Republicans would make socialist policies “one of their main at- tack lines.” Already, President Trump and other Republican leaders are going further, seeking to brand recent Demo- cratic nominees, falsely, as “commu- nists.” The next big tests for democratic so- cialists are beginning with Tuesday’s Democratic primaries in Michigan and Missouri for the U.S. House. And Abdul El-Sayed, a progressive doctor who is not a democratic socialist but shares
of the bar was a taxidermy deer — “Deer Leader,” as some referred to it — wearing a red democratic socialist shirt. Clustered around tables sticky with spilled beer, some members talked about Leon Trotsky and Eugene Debs, and oth- ers stayed within the earthier terrain of conversation about Wisconsin’s demo- cratic socialist candidate for governor, Francesca Hong, and New York City’s democratic socialist mayor, Zohran Mamdani. (One member volunteered that he’d left his high school prom early to appear in a rap video for Mr. Mamdani in 2018.)
many of the D.S.A.’s priorities, is running for the Senate in Michigan, a major bat- tleground. A week later is the Democratic gover- nor’s primary in Wisconsin, where Fran- cesca Hong, a state assemblywoman and D.S.A. member, is the front-runner. Un- like many of the left-leaning areas where democratic socialists have won prima- ries this year, Wisconsin is a perennial swing state. Though she has embraced the D.S.A. label, Ms. Hong has backed away from her own past statements that favored abolishing the police and the Senate. Last week, she said at a debate that she did “not support the full platform of the national D.S.A.” and was “not endorsed by D.S.A. national.” In an interview, Ms. Hong said that it was “concerning to me when I’m pigeon- holed as the D.S.A. candidate.” “You can be a democratic socialist and be endorsed by your local chapter, and disagree on other decisions,” she added. No one interviewed at the summit sug- gested that the D.S.A. back away from its core ideas. But there were plenty of dis- agreements over whether the candi- dates supported by the organization should be required to be open about their socialist affiliation and strictly adhere to every priority in the group’s recently up- dated platform, or if the D.S.A. should al- low them some distance as they as they try to appeal to skeptical voters. “There’s no expectation that you have to fall in line and agree and parrot the party line on everything,” said Cliff Con- nolly, a D.S.A. member from Orlando who is on the organization’s governing council. Some appeared to feel differently.
Inside the summit, the atmosphere was a blend of fiery agitation (“Kill the Aaron Sorkin West Wing liberal in your head!” said Jorge DeFendini, a socialist elected official from Ithaca, N.Y., adding, “The party bosses are not real!”) and grad school-style discourse. Near the merchandise table was a bookstand with copies of “Abolish Rent” and “A People’s Guide to Capitalism.” Copies of “The Communist Manifesto” were sold out on the first day by 5 p.m., the booksellers said. Plenty of members, though, were not there for gauzy discussions of Karl Marx.
Mainstream Democrats say the D.S.A. brand is “toxic to a broad majority.”
“I believe that if she had read the plat- form and actually knew what was in it, she wouldn’t disagree with any of it,” Mi- chaela Brangan, a D.S.A. leader in New Jersey, said of Ms. Hong.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY JAMIE KELTER DAVIS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
PHOTOGRAPHS BY JAMIE KELTER DAVIS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
On one side are two caucuses, Ground- work and Socialist Majority, considered more pragmatic (even right-leaning, by D.S.A. standards). Their members have focused on working within the system to get socialists elected on the Democratic ticket and are more tolerant of politicians who make concessions as part of advanc- ing a progressive agenda. They have a particularly strong presence in New York City, home to the D.S.A.’s two most famous members: Mayor Zohran Mam- dani and Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez. Ashik Siddique, one of the group’s na- tional chairs and a member of Ground- work, said he wished the organization
Just one mile away from the dive bar so- cial where D.S.A. members were schmoozing, another faction was hosting a party called “DSA for AOC.” It was held at a slightly less divey bar where mem- bers stood under disco balls, sipping fruity cocktails and trying to build sup- port for the organization to endorse Rep- resentative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York for president in 2028. The con- gresswoman wasn’t there, nor has she said whether she will run for president. “Who has ever won a campaign in D.S.A. just by saying it was a good idea?” asked Katie Sims, the national electoral chair, who was standing on a chair in sen- sible sneakers. “We need to build mass consensus across the organization,” they added. But consensus is a rare feat for D.S.A. members. Among the questions they are wrestling with, or have recently tried to settle: Is it worth spending their time trying to win elections, or is electoral politics bound to disappoint because offi- cials will let the movement down? Should they be trying to run Ms. Ocasio- Cortez for president, or has she dis- tanced herself too much from the D.S.A.? Should they ever back pro-Israel candi- dates? Meandering around the D.S.A.’s na- tional summit, you will hear that the or- ganization is defined by the depth of its internal rifts and tensions. You will also hear that in no way can they be defined by their internal tensions. And you may start to think that maybe this disagree- ment in itself is telling. Members of the D.S.A. sort them- selves, Hogwarts style, into more than a dozen caucuses. There’s Bread and Roses, Marxist Unity Group, Red Star, Groundwork and Communist Caucus. Some, like Groundwork, are laser-fo- cused on winning elections. Others, like Bread and Roses, devote their time to un- ion organizing. And what members call the Commie Caucus is known to give out cigarettes at its parties. “The caucus wars are legendary,” the national co-chair Megan Romer joked impishly. (There is even a fierce fight over whether it’s Bread and Roses or Bread & Roses.) The tensions between caucuses and members are heightened because they are both personality-based — who talks the most, who wants to run a chapter, who wants to run for City Council — and principled, focused on the war in Gaza and the minimum wage. Members would often prefer that their internal disagree- ments stay private, though they tend to wind up plastered publicly on X and stok- ing impassioned fights at large gather- ings. (Perhaps related to this desire to project unity, the summit organizers asked that media speak only to the roughly 40 members who appeared on a list, many of them holding leadership roles in the organization, though outside the summit and at parties, others were eager to talk.) “I follow the caucus drama; I get in- volved in it, too,” said Matt Nursey, 36, an Atlanta member, sounding a bit like a therapist trying to break someone of a gossip habit. “But at the end of the day, our goals are aligned.” For many of its members, the D.S.A. is both a political and a social home. Ms. Banyai-Becker met her boyfriend at a D.S.A. convention. Andrew Thompson, a leader from Denver, recently threw a di- vorce party for himself filled with his friends from the D.S.A. Cliff Connolly, a national leader from Orlando, said the D.S.A. fills the same social function for him that the Catholic Church played for his parents when they were in their 30s.
more clearly detailed which of its priori- ties were urgent, like economic relief, and which were aspirational, like prison abolition. That could help the group’s candidates, Mr. Siddique reasoned, be- cause he felt its opponents were often fix- ated on the most aspirational goals. The other wing of the movement fea- tures caucuses such as Marxist Unity Group, Bread and Roses, and Red Star, that have more sway nationally and fo- cus on enacting socialist policies by up- ending the system. They have stronger ideological purity tests, with some mem- bers arguing the D.S.A. should break away from Democrats entirely and form its own party. Cerena Ermitanio, a more left-wing member from Houston who belongs to Bread and Roses, argued that the moder- ate caucuses were too comfortable with candidates who “hide the rose,” she said, and “don’t mention that they’re a demo- cratic socialist.” “We believe that our candidates need to wear their rose proudly,” she said. Equally concerning, in the eyes of some activists, are candidates perceived to have drifted away from the movement on important policies. Ms. Ocasio-Cortez, for example, who has made inroads with mainstream Democrats and is seen as a potential presidential candidate, remains a con- tentious topic among left-wing members of the D.S.A., who said they still resented some of her past positions over the war in Gaza. Though the congresswoman is one of the most outspoken critics of Israel in Congress, some on the left argue that she has not been strong enough in voicing support for Palestinians. In 2024, the na-
“Our generation is so alienated — when you go to a canvas, it’s a huge social affair,” said Sara Almosawi, 24, who this year served as chair of the Young Demo- cratic Socialists of America. One essential question hanging over the summit is whether the D.S.A. should try to become more mainstream as it grows, and whether it will hold on to its quirky, hyper-serious culture as it ab- sorbs new members drawn in by the magnetism of celebrity socialists like Mr. Mamdani. But three minutes into any exchange with a member, nagging fears about the
Chanpreet Singh says it’s OK to push for “things that people don’t think.”
tional D.S.A. withdrew its conditional en- dorsement of her. In Chicago, strong support for Ms. Ocasio-Cortez was mostly confined to a party at a nearby bar hosted by Ground- work, where members chanted her nick- name, A.O.C., and vowed to convert skeptics to support her for president. She has not said if she will run. “I don’t subscribe to letting perfection becoming the enemy of the good,” said Dieter Lehmann Morales, a Groundwork member and supporter of Ms. Ocasio- Cortez. Apparently in an effort to project unity, summit organizers asked that the news media speak only to the roughly 40 mem- bers who appeared on a list, many of them holding leadership roles. But out- side the summit and at parties such as the Ocasio-Cortez gathering, others spoke openly.
organization going mainstream can feel moot. Conversations are marinated in a vocabulary that is insistently obtuse. Members talk about having disagree- ments in a “comradely” way, being a “multi-tendency organization,” building a “big tent” group that spans everyone from “Berniecrats” to “Marxist Len- inists.” “You would say these are disagree- ments,” said Michaela Brangan, 46, a na- tional leader in D.S.A. from New Jersey. She paused, then confessed: “I would also say they’re disagreements. But re- ally, it’s a comradely discussion.”
Cliff Connolly, who is from Florida, says dissent in the ranks is accepted.
Will Democrats ‘Kick Us Out’?
Sitting in a dimly lit bar across from a taxidermy deer head wearing a D.S.A. hat (“Deer Leader,” as some called it), Johanna Von Maack wondered how much longer the Democratic Party would put up with the socialists in its ranks. “I kind of wonder if what will end up happening is the Democrats kick us out,” said Ms. Von Maack, a New York D.S.A. member. She didn’t sound too unhappy about that prospect, reasoning that Democrats needed the socialists more than the D.S.A. needed them. For now, the group has been content to run its candidates on the Democratic bal- lot line, but some in Chicago mulled the idea of forming a new party or running as independents. Many in the D.S.A. are also consider-
Attendees listened as Katie Sims spoke during an after-party at Ma- ria’s Packaged Goods and Communi- ty Bar on Friday in Chicago, top. Browsing political books from a local bookstore at the summit at the Hyatt Regency McCormick Place, above.
Johanna Von Maack believes the Democrats need the socialists now.
ing which Democratic incumbents they could unseat in the future. As early as the night of the New York primary victories in June, Hasan Piker, the provocative so- cialist influencer, was already taunting Representative Ritchie Torres of New York, a pro-Israel Democrat. “You better act right, Ritchie,” Mr. Piker said on his livestream, threatening to find a primary challenger in 2028. “You got two more years.” That kind of swagger permeated the summit, where members speculated about toppling high-profile New York Democrats such as Representative Ha- keem Jeffries, the minority leader, and challenging Gov. Kathy Hochul and Sen- ator Kirsten Gillibrand in 2030. “We’re thinking about all of those things,” said Olivia Gonzalez Killingsworth, a New York D.S.A. leader. “We would be fools not to.”
Questions of Strategy
By MITCH SMITH
JUNCTION CITY, Kan. — Kan- sas Democrats are used to losing. No Democrat has carried the state in a presidential election since the 1960s. Nearly a century has passed since a Kansas Demo- crat won a U.S. Senate election. And not only are far more Republi- can voters registered in Kansas than Democrats, Democrats are also outnumbered by voters with no party affiliation at all. Still, something unusual hap- pens when Kansans elect a gover- nor: They often pick a Democrat. With a two-term incumbent, Gov. Laura Kelly, barred by term limits from running again, Demo- cratic primary voters are search- ing for her successor. Those voters know that it takes a particular kind of Democrat to win in Kansas, and that Republicans see the state as one of their best opportunities to flip a governorship. Like in other places where Dem- ocrats are defending open seats, the three-way race for the Kansas nomination has been defined by questions of electability, party val- ues and how to navigate the Trump era. But unlike other pri- maries across the country that have pitted more moderate Demo- crats against democratic social- ists, including for U.S. House in New York and governor in Wis- consin, the debate in Kansas has played out across a much nar- rower ideological spectrum. In interviews across Kansas, Democratic voters said they were looking for a candidate who has broad enough appeal to win cen- trist and even conservative voters in November. But as they rattled off their fears about President Trump’s governance, some of those voters said they worried, too, about a blurry line between bi- partisanship and capitulation. “Here in Kansas, we all recog- nize that we have to nominate a moderate Democrat,” said Kelm Lear, who leads the Riley County Democratic Party and has not en- dorsed a candidate. “But we want to make sure that a moderate Democrat isn’t someone who will bend the knee on our core values.” No matter who wins the prima- ry on Tuesday, a difficult general election fight awaits. On the Republican side, Mr. Trump has endorsed Ty Master- son, the president of the State Sen- ate, who helped engineer over- rides of dozens of Ms. Kelly’s ve- toes on bills ranging from trans- gender issues to election policy. Billboards showing Mr. Trump and Mr. Masterson side by side are plastered along Interstate 35, and Mr. Masterson is seen as a front- runner in a competitive primary. On paper, the Democratic candi- dates for governor seem a lot alike. The two who have led in polling, Cindy Holscher and Ethan Corson, are both state senators from the same county in suburban Kansas City who largely hew to the party line on social issues. Both have been described as moderates. And both won in legislative districts that Republicans had previously carried. The third candidate, May- or Curt Skoog of Overland Park, is also a suburbanite with moderate politics. Despite their similarities, the candidates have run sharply con- trasting campaigns that have won over very different types of Demo- cratic voters, echoing in some ways a broader national fight over the party’s direction. Mr. Corson is seeking to rep- licate the middle-of-the-road play- book that Governor Kelly used to win in Kansas, in no small part by telling everyone he can that Ms. Kelly has endorsed him. He has defended Ms. Kelly’s efforts with Republicans to create incentives to draw large businesses to Kan- sas. And though he has pledged to stand up to the president when needed, Mr. Corson has also ex- tolled the virtues of working across the political aisle. Ms. Holscher has won over many in the progressive base by embracing economic populism and presenting herself as a rival of “the establishment.” She has called for a moratorium on data centers and criticized a Kelly- backed deal that provided incen- tives for the Kansas City Chiefs to move across the state line from Missouri. In an interview, she de- scribed some legislative Republi- cans in Kansas as “fascist.” Even as Mr. Corson has racked up campaign donations and prom- inent endorsements, Ms. Holscher has led by large margins in the lim- ited public polling of the race. “She has been fighting,” said Christopher Renner, an educator who had already voted for Ms. Holscher, after listening to her ad- dress a few-dozen voters at a restaurant in Junction City. Other voters saw Mr. Corson as a better, and perhaps safer, choice to maintain a lever of Democratic
power. Being a Democratic gover- nor in Kansas can be a compli- cated dance, particularly as Re- publicans hold supermajorities in the State Legislature. Robert Abbott, a regular at Mr. Corson’s monthly town hall meet- ings, described Mr. Corson as “fair across the board” and a good lis- tener — someone he believed would stand up to Republicans. “I think Kelly has been a coun- terbalance,” said Mr. Abbott, a re- tired music teacher from subur- ban Kansas City. “I am confident that Ethan Corson would be, as well.” The most recent public poll was conducted in mid-June, before a blitz of advertising that inserted Ms. Kelly into the primary. Ms. Kelly, who remains popular among Democrats, filmed a com- mercial for Mr. Corson, describing him as someone who will “stand up to Trump and ICE” and who has the necessary “strength, judg- ment and backbone.” The gover- nor has also expressed concerns about nominating Ms. Holscher, whom Ms. Kelly said “has posi- tioned herself so far to the left at this point that it will be very hard for her to come back.” “There’s no way you win just by exciting the Democrat base,” Ms. Kelly said in an interview. Her
message to primary voters: “You need to elect a candidate who shares a lot of your values but doesn’t completely turn off the in- dependents and the Republicans.” The personal nature of the rift between Ms. Kelly and Ms. Holscher became more clear in re- cent days when The Kansas City Star published a long text mes- sage sent last year from Ms. Holscher to Ms. Kelly’s chief of staff, urging the governor’s team not to get involved in the primary. Ms. Kelly’s team interpreted the text as a threat to publicize the governor’s divorce, though Ms. Holscher has said it was not. As Election Day approached, Kirk Allen, a retired security offi- cer in Wichita, said he was still de- ciding between candidates after hearing Mr. Corson speak at a church. But he was not impressed by Mr. Corson’s repeated calls for bipartisanship. “I need somebody who’s going to go out there and help the poor,” Mr. Allen said, adding, “It’s time for the Democrats to show their power.” The sharpest contrast between the candidates is on economic is- sues, particularly the use of tax in- centives. Ms. Holscher and Mr. Corson both voted to offer tax breaks for data center construc- tion and to explore a deal with the Chiefs. Mr. Corson has stood by those ideas, while Ms. Holscher has pivoted. As opposition to data centers became a top-tier political issue, Ms. Holscher called for a pause on construction. She also came out against the deal to move the Chiefs to Kansas and voted against creat- ing a stadium authority to oversee the development. “We have to make sure the focus is on what can we do to make life better for regular people,” said Ms. Holscher, 57, a former telecom- munications executive who speaks often about growing up on a Missouri farm. She said an “em- phasis on tax breaks for wealthy folks, corporations and billion- aires” was continuing “to leave our people behind.” Mr. Corson, 44, a lawyer who worked in the U.S. Department of Commerce, has defended the Kelly administration’s approach to at- tracting business investments. He has called for “meaningful guard- rails” on data centers, but said lo- cal officials should ultimately de- cide whether those facilities are built. “You cannot win a general elec- tion in Kansas if you are not fo- cused on jobs,” Mr. Corson said. “You need to be focused on jobs and economic growth.”
Ethan Corson, endorsed by the current governor, is taking a mod- erate ap- proach.
Pitching her- self as a rival to “the estab- lishment,” Cindy Holscher leads in polls.
COLUMNIST | DAVID FRENCH The War That Could Swallow the World
THE ONLY THING worse than President Trump starting an unconstitutional war is Trump losing control of that war. On Wednesday, NBC News reported that Trump “erupted” at members of his national security team over the Iran war. According to the report, his advisers can’t agree on a path forward. But how could they? Every path to victory risks dangerous escalation, while continuing the present course risks strategic defeat. This was always the most likely outcome. The president chose to take on a much more powerful country than, say, Saddam Hus- sein’s Iraq in 2003 while using far less force than we employed to topple the Iraqi govern- ment. What did he expect would happen? Oh, right, we know. He thought he could topple a vicious, deeply embedded authori- tarian regime with a few targeted airstrikes and a fantasized popular uprising. As he has said many times, he expected a version of his Venezuela outcome, and when the Venezuela strategy failed, if “strategy” is the word, there was no real Plan B — other than to bomb Iran more and hope for capitulation. In fact, we’re planning to do that yet again. Or maybe we’re not. On Friday, Trump said he was ordering a new round of airstrikes. And what was his reasoning? “You know, at some point,” Trump said, “they’re going to say, ‘We just can’t take it anymore.’” On Saturday, he’d changed his mind. “We have just been asked by Iran, and other Mid- dle Eastern Countries, to hold off any attack,” Trump said in a Truth Social post. “I have agreed,” he added, “for the future benefit of the WORLD and, likewise, the sur- vival of a successful and prosperous Iran, to cancel the attack, subject to being able to rap- idly make a DEAL.” But the problem we face right now is some- thing well beyond deals. America has been so powerful for so long that we are accustomed to being in control of events. We start wars when we want and — crucially — we believe that we can end them when we want. When I was in Iraq, as terrible as that war was, we knew it was contained. We were fighting an enemy that had minimal ability to harm Americans outside Iraq. The same was true in Afghanistan once we and our allies de- stroyed Al Qaeda’s strongholds. In both conflicts, the fighting was brutal, and we can and should debate the wisdom of both wars. But our great-power rivals were largely absent. There is no such thing as a safe war — any war can spin out of control — but the combi- nation of American power, enemy weakness and Russian and Chinese restraint meant that Americans could sleep secure in the knowledge that the chances of a catastrophic escalation were extremely remote. That is no longer the case. The world is walking a path toward a world war, and no one — including the president of the United States — seems to be in command of events. Consider these developments. Not only does Iran continue to strike American bases
Ankush Khardori An attorney at the Justice Department from 2016 to 2020.
ODD BLANCHE is a STAR,” Presi- dent Trump declared defiantly on social media on Thursday as he sought to clear resistance from two Senate Republicans to his nominee for attor- ney general. Instead of quickly acceding to the senators’ modest requests — for written guarantees confirming the elimination of a slush fund for Jan. 6 rioters and the limiting of a tax immunity deal for Mr. Trump — the president raised withdrawing Mr. Blanche’s nomination until next year, after they leave office, as a way to sidestep their opposition. On Sunday night, Mr. Blanche ultimately complied with the senators’ demands. But the episode made the case against confirm- ing him even stronger, highlighting the cha- os and incompetence that have marked his time at the Justice Department and provid- ing a timely reminder of what he would bring to the job. Many others have pointed out that Mr. Blanche has targeted Mr. Trump’s political adversaries with bogus criminal cases and overseen an exodus of some of the Justice Department’s most experienced lawyers. Less noted but as important: He is also embarrassingly bad at lawyering. The quality of the department’s work has sharply deteriorated under his leadership, in high-profile cases and in routine, low-lev- el matters. The result has been a crisis of confidence that is draining the Justice De- partment’s legitimacy with the courts and the public — a crisis that Mr. Trump deep- ened on Thursday with his latest ploy to get his attorney general nominee confirmed, no questions asked. During Mr. Blanche’s tenure as deputy to Attorney General Pam Bondi and as acting attorney general following her departure from office in April, federal judges across the country have in effect accused depart- ment attorneys of squandering the trust and credibility their predecessors had built up over decades. Justice Department lawyers have had to correct factual misrepresenta- tions they made to judges, apologize for fail- ing to meet deadlines and retract their own legal positions. Last month, a judge forced
effectively; it has also relentlessly attacked American partners across the region. These attacks are doing immense damage to oil and gas facilities and — combined with Iran’s con- tinued control over the Strait of Hormuz — are placing the world economy at risk. The Houthis have entered the conflict, ex- panding the fighting into the Red Sea, and now Saudi Arabia is reportedly planning a large-scale attack on Houthi territory, includ- ing, potentially, the use of ground forces to at- tempt to break the Houthi shipping blockade. Ukraine struck an Iranian ship in the Cas- pian Sea, the immense body of water that bor- ders Russia and Iran. Ukraine said it did this because the ship was carrying military equip- ment between the two countries. Russia and China may be assisting the Ira- nian military by providing satellite imagery and other assistance that renders Iranian missile and drone attacks more effective. Reuters has also reported that China is send- ing Iran hundreds of surface-to-air missiles. NATO reported last week that a Russian missile crossed into Polish territory and ex- ploded (harmlessly, thank God). Several Rus- sian drones have crossed the border since the start of the Ukraine war, but this is the first known Russian missile impact. Speaking of Russia: It is reportedly consid- ering whether to try to reverse the fortunes of its war in Ukraine through mass mobilization, which would mean conscripting potentially
federal prosecutors to withdraw subpoenas issued to four New York Times journalists after finding that they had made serious er- rors. The department failed last year to convict a man accused of assault for throwing a Sub- way sandwich at a federal agent, but not be- fore Jeanine Pirro, the U.S. attorney in the District of Columbia, released a juvenile vid- eo taunting him. In April, the department filed a brief in a case concerning the construction of the new White House ballroom that contained two introductory pages filled with Trumpian flourishes, including the word “FAKE,” arbi-
hundreds of thousands of soldiers to throw against Ukrainian lines. And all of this is taking place against the backdrop of two grim military realities for America. First, Iran has demonstrated that American planes and American bases are more vulnerable to attack than many of us had imagined. This level of damage to Ameri- can facilities would have been unthinkable when I was in Iraq. Al Qaeda had no long-range missile capa- bility, and not even Saddam Hussein, at the height of his powers before Operation Desert Storm, could strike across the region as effec- tively as Iran has since the start of the war. Iran has taken grievous losses, including much of its top leadership. But the crucial dif- ference with the United States is that the Ira- nian regime simply doesn’t care about losses in men or matériel in the same way we do. Both the United States and Israel have re- peatedly decapitated the leadership of jihad- ist organizations, with little lasting effect. Iran has shown again and again that it will ex- pend the lives of its citizens to retain power or to secure a strategic advantage. In fact, the regime seems to relish slaughtering the al- most impossibly brave citizens who do rise up in protest. Second, we’re running out of interceptors, such as our Patriot antimissile systems, and other advanced munitions. While I don’t want to see a single drone or missile penetrate our
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general pick is an embarrassingly bad lawyer.
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trary capitalization and a reference to “Trump Derangement Syndrome.” Several days later, Mr. Blanche seemed to imply that Mr. Trump had dictated those pages himself. Mr. Blanche and Ms. Bondi tried to install Lindsey Halligan, one of Mr. Trump’s former lawyers, as the U.S. attorney in the Eastern District of Virginia, so that she could push a case against the former F.B.I. director James Comey. But judges found that she had been improperly appointed and threw out the case against Mr. Comey, as well as a sep- arate one Ms. Halligan tried to bring against New York’s attorney general, Letitia James. One magistrate judge sharply criticized Ms. Halligan for a “disturbing pattern of pro- found investigative missteps.” Mr. Blanche later signed a filing defend- ing Ms. Halligan’s appointment that includ- ed, as the presiding judge put it, “a level of vitriol more appropriate for a cable news talk show.” (Mr. Comey recently moved to dismiss a second weak indictment against him, in which he was charged with threat- ening the president in a social media post.) In May, a judge in Chicago told prosecu- tors that her trust in the government’s law- yers had been “broken” when she learned that they had manipulated the grand jury process to secure an indictment against pro- testers outside a federal immigration facili- ty. The prosecutors had to drop the charges. Even if you agree that these cases were worth pursuing, the cascade of missteps — basic factual, legal and professional errors; sloppy and unprofessional legal filings; the public taunting of criminal defendants — damages the department’s reputation and hinders its work. Grand juries are refusing to return indict- ments in cases brought by federal prosecu- tors, a once-unthinkable problem. Ms. Pir- ro’s office reportedly could not persuade a single grand juror to sign off on proposed criminal charges against six Democratic lawmakers who released a video encourag- ing members of the military to refuse illegal orders. Mr. Blanche has personally made multi- ple serious prosecutorial missteps in public. His attacks on federal judges have fool- ishly antagonized the courts. The judge who dismissed the human smuggling case against Kilmar Abrego Garcia cited some of
toward a global conflict, and no one is in command.
defenses and strike an American or allied tar- get, I also know that even a successful inter- cept can be a mini-defeat. If you’re using a $4 million weapon that’s difficult to manufacture to destroy a $35,000 drone that can be easily built at scale, it’s only a matter of time before your defenses are de- graded and your skies are open to enemy at- tack. The Trump administration has put forward two contradictory messages: that there’s no shortage of missiles in the American inven- tory and that the shortage is Joe Biden’s fault (because he helped to arm Ukraine and launched airstrikes against the Houthis). The administration is certainly acting as if our stocks of munitions are perilously low. We’re engaged in an on-again, off-again con- flict (Friday, on; Saturday, off) that has been filled with unusual pauses. Let’s put all this together: The initial Amer- ican strategy failed, the war with Iran is con- suming the entire region, Iran and Ukraine are risking a face-off, there is evidence that both Russia and China are escalating their military commitments, American munitions stocks are dwindling, and Trump is raging. I’ve often wondered what it was like to be alive in the summer of 1914, much less in 1938 and 1939. When did people start to realize that the world was on the brink of catastrophe? Speak up too soon or too frequently, and you look ridiculous — like the Chicken Little of world war. Speak up too late, and you live (if you live) with bitter regret. I’m not trying to predict anything, and I hold out hope for de-escalation. I know there are still serious people in the American gov- ernment (whether they have Trump’s ear is a different question) and in allied governments across the world. But we can analyze the events and trends of the moment, and right now all the momen- tum is toward greater escalation. And we ab- solutely cannot do what Trump asks, which is to “just sit back and relax” and trust that “it will all work out well in the end.” I do not think that world war is inevitable, nor do I think it is probable. But it is more pos- sible now than it has been at any other time since the end of the Cold War, and the Ameri- can government is led by the worst rulers in the modern history of the United States. Congress, the only branch of government that possesses the power to intervene, has been prostrate before the president. The threat of a primary loss is all it takes to com- pletely remove the spine from a typical Re- publican member of Congress. It’s often said that your average American voter doesn’t really care that much about for- eign policy. In general, that’s true — until there’s a catastrophe. When that happens, though, foreign policy isn’t just the main thing; it’s the only thing that truly matters. Our future may depend in part on Ameri- can voters deciding to give Congress a spinal transplant. But that requires us to do some- thing that democracies have rarely, if ever, done successfully: see the catastrophe com- ing and act decisively before a terrible war swallows the world.
Mr. Blanche’s remarks in declaring that it was a vindictive prosecution. Worse, Mr. Blanche last year tore into a federal judge who halted the Trump admin- istration’s attempt to send back to Guatema- la dozens of minors who had arrived unac- companied in the United States. Mr. Blanche called the ruling “disgusting” in an inter- view on Fox News and accused the judge of preventing the government from sending children back “to their parents in Guatema- la.” Mr. Blanche’s claim was highly mislead- ing. Within weeks, a Trump-appointed judge said that the administration’s explanations for the deportation effort had “crumbled like a house of cards.” He wrote, “There is no evi- dence before the court that the parents of these children sought their return.” In fact, Guatemalan officials “could not even track down parents for most of the children.” Mr. Blanche and other senior Justice De- partment officials have proved willing to cut legal and ethical corners to please the White House. But that’s only part of the explana- tion for this sorry record. The flight of career attorneys from the department means inex- perienced lawyers must fill the gaps. A des- perate Justice Department now recruits criminal prosecutors straight out of law school and offers signing bonuses for new hires. The gratuitous pandemonium around Mr. Blanche’s nomination, so easily avoided if he had been willing to assent in writing to two simple requests, will not encourage good lawyers to join the Justice Department or judges to give federal attorneys their trust. Damaging the credibility of the depart- ment and the public’s confidence in it will make the legal system less reliable and less fair. With government attorneys increas- ingly unbound by a professional ethos, base- less lawsuits, wrongful convictions and un- just outcomes will occur more often. Judges and juries will hesitate to accept the govern- ment’s representations even when cases are appropriate. Even if the consequences are less severe, taxpayers should not have to foot the bill for the shoddy lawyering that has become commonplace. Mr. Blanche is no star. He’s not even a very good lawyer. The Senate should reject his nomination, whenever it comes up.
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Maureen Ryan The author of “Burn It Down: Power, Complicity, and a Call for Change in Hollywood.”
HE allegations of sexual misconduct against the Oscar winner Jared Leto that came out last week in a BBC docu- mentary were not a surprise to some in Hollywood. This was another case of, in certain circles, “everybody knows,” as the industry saying goes. Yet that widespread knowledge has been insufficient to produce meaningful consequences. Hollywood has always been a town of dark rumors about the terrible, often abu- sive behavior of some of its most prominent citizens, many of which turn out to be true. As a journalist covering the entertainment business, I’ve been made aware of these open secrets constantly. But that didn’t mean I could necessarily write about them. There was an entire system in place to keep the victims quiet and keep any revelations out of the public eye. That familiar dynamic played out when it comes to Mr. Leto. The BBC documentary, titled “Jared Leto: Hollywood’s Dark Se- cret,” delves into allegations of misconduct involving the actor and singer, building im- pressively on 2025 reporting by Elena Clavarino in AirMail — which Mr. Leto de- nied at the time — and compiling more than 120 online allegations relating to har- assment and sexual misconduct. The docu- mentary also depicts an array of enablers: people who would make sure teenage girls were brought backstage, invited to afterpar- ties and escorted to hotel rooms. The film paints a damning portrait of a man who used his Hollywood fame and rock-star persona to initiate troubling physical and verbal con- tact with women, most very young, all pow- erless compared with him. Mr. Leto did not initially reply to the BBC’s inquiries, and after the documentary was released, he issued this statement: “I have never sexually assaulted anyone in my entire life. These claims are absolutely and categorically false.” This response follows what’s now become a familiar pattern. Once, a celebrity might have issued an aggrieved or long rebuttal or a strenuous apology, but a new playbook has emerged. It is fairly consistent, often under- taken in conjunction with a pricey assort- ment of law firms and spin doctors: Ignore everything or stonewall with “no comment.” Maybe deny the allegations with a succinct sentence or two. Then either unleash hell on a publication and reporter in an attempt to quash the reporting or say nothing further and wait for the scandal to pass. Hollywood has an ignoble history of cov- ering up stars’ horrible behavior, but in the wake of #MeToo, a new well-oiled anti-ac- countability machine has flourished. The shrinking array of publications dedicated to covering Hollywood are not only often in rough financial shape, but they’re also de- pendent on celebrity coverage, so they’re vulnerable to being intimidated by threats of losing access to other celebrities, or they’re likely to be tempted by enticing stories that will happen only if the outlet agrees to play ball. The new crisis-management playbook in- volves simply riding out horrible rumors and fostering a counternarrative that dis- counts reports as untruthful and unreliable. Law firms persuade survivors to recant while P.R. operatives muddy the waters on- line by making efforts to “adjust the narra- tive in real time,” as one firm’s services were described in documents from the Blake Lively-Justin Baldoni case. Thanks to years of reporting on these top- ics, as well as writing a book on power and complicity in Hollywood, I’m all too familiar with these scenarios. I also appear onscreen in “Hollywood’s Dark Secret” to explain some of the power imbalances and abusive dynamics that fester in high-profile creative
Jen Easterly The director of the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency from 2021 to 2025.
OR all the attention devoted to an arti- ficial-intelligence-powered cyberapoc- alypse, one of the most consequential cyber stories in America this week is far less futuristic. Hackers targeted munici- pal water systems in at least seven states, including more than 30 facilities in Minne- sota. In some cases, attackers changed passwords and network settings, locking operators out of the computerized systems that control pumps, valves and other equip- ment. Some operations were degraded, al- though there is no indication that drinking water was contaminated. The attacks, tentatively attributed to Iran, expose a dangerous mismatch at the heart of American cybersecurity: The threat is geopolitical, while the defense is municipal. We are asking small towns — many with no dedicated cybersecurity staff members and little money to spare — to protect essential infrastructure against hackers linked to other nations. The danger was widely known. In April, U.S. government agencies — including the F.B.I., the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency and the E.P.A. — published an advisory warning that hackers were ex- ploiting internet-connected industrial con- trol devices across the country. On July 22 the agencies updated that advisory with an urgent warning that the campaign was con- tinuing across America’s most important in- frastructure, including water systems. They attributed the activity to groups affiliated with Iran and linked it to earlier operations associated with the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps’s Cyber Electronic Com- mand. President Trump has attempted to blame Minnesota and its Democratic governor,
enterprises. When Alice McShane, the di- rector of the BBC film, reached out to me, the queries she and the lead reporter, Jes- sica Sartenaer, had essentially boiled down to one big question: If everybody knew about the rumors about Mr. Leto, then why was nothing ever done? There are many answers to that question, and here’s one honest one: I don’t know. No victimizer seems worthy of the industry’s protection. No level of artistic achievement makes putting up with horrific behavior worthwhile. But there are other reasons for this kind of industrywide strategic apathy. For over a century, almost all of the incen- tive structures in the commercial entertain- ment industries have allowed patterns of misbehavior and rewarded silence. Physi- cal and mental abuse and boundary cross- ing, especially by men, are tolerated as ar- tistic passion and creative exploration. If you’re opposed to people’s passion or their process — if you don’t celebrate how they move through the world — then you just
ILLUSTRATION BY SAM WHITNEY/THE NEW YORK TIMES; SOURCE PHOTOGRAPH BY CHRISTIAN ADAMS/GETTY IMAGES
use to escape scandal have completely changed.
don’t understand art. And when a lot of peo- ple make a percentage off the earnings of one famous individual, the capacity for deni- al is vast. On a film or TV set or in a recording stu- dio, there are usually a few people who have disproportionate power — a star artist, a top producer, a big-name director, a powerful executive. Hollywood has long had many ways to punish or blacklist those who are brave enough to speak out against them. Truth tellers are often told they’re misread- ing their own experience, that everyone else is cool with what’s happening and that they’ll never work again if they talk. The women interviewed in the Leto docu- mentary are, like the hundreds of sources I’ve interacted with, regular people who risked a lot by coming forward. In my opin- ion, they did not do it for money, attention or acclaim — they often get the opposite — but
Tim Walz, for the attacks. This political re- sponse to a national security issue not only disregards the U.S. government’s warning about the active Iranian-affiliated cam- paign; it misses the larger point. Nation- state hackers do not respect the jurisdic- tional lines separating federal, state and lo- cal responsibility. They search for the most vulnerable way to disrupt American life, and too often they find it in small communi- ties that lack the resources to defend them- selves. I saw this problem firsthand as the direc- tor of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, where we were particu- larly focused on efforts to help defend tar- get-rich, cyberpoor critical infrastructure, including our water systems. The United States has approximately 51,000 communi- ty water systems, more than 90 percent of which serve 10,000 people or fewer. Many rely on aging equipment that was engi- neered to operate reliably for decades, long before its designers contemplated internet connectivity, ransomware or attacks by for- eign intelligence services. During the Biden administration, my agency and the E.P.A. worked to make cybersecurity assistance more accessible to these communities. We produced practical guidance and incident-response playbooks, provided free assessments and deployed re- gional cybersecurity advisers who could work directly with local officials. Congress also created the four-year, $1 billion State and Local Cybersecurity Grant Program, al- lowing states and municipalities to invest in basic capabilities such as multifactor au- thentication, vulnerability management and incident-response planning. Those voluntary efforts clearly did not prevent the latest breaches. But the re- sponse provides some evidence that they reduced the risk of a cyberintrusion becom- ing a public health catastrophe. Operators detected problems, some facilities shifted to manual operations, state and federal agen-
to try to prevent what they went through from happening to others. The truth is, a bombshell like the BBC’s documentary should not be necessary, as there were published reports of Mr. Leto’s sleazy behavior as early as 2005. There’s also been a steady stream of gossipy inti- mations online and outright accusations in social media posts. But that’s precisely why the BBC’s work is so valuable. I don’t mean to disrespect those who come forward via social media, but it’s much harder to ignore or dismiss a documentary than an Insta- gram post. Even when allegations come via deeply reported pieces, another pattern has be- come clear: Waiting out the furor can actu- ally work. Louis C.K.’s sold-out comedy tours, Grammy win and new Netflix special are all indications that a so-called cancella- tion usually has a built-in expiration date. P.R. people and powerful managers often count on members of the public having short attention spans and a willingness to give
previously beloved celebrities the benefit of the doubt. Maybe the latest furor around Mr. Leto will die down and he’ll land yet another plum role. A 2027 tour for his band, 30 Sec- onds to Mars, is in the works. As the media landscape has become more perilous, the appetite for this kind of contentious report- ing has seemed to fade. It’s telling that it took a full-length docu- mentary from the BBC to deliver what one hopes will be a clarion call about an actor so many people have already tried to raise the alarm about. But take it from me, one of the rare reporters to have done misconduct re- porting for many different kinds of publica- tions: Sometimes you need a big legacy me- dia brand to do a huge, unimpeachable in- vestigation (that lawyers have vetted six ways from Sunday) to finally make a differ- ence. Will it stick this time? Nobody knows. This kind of reporting always requires a leap of faith, and the consequences are never assured. But “Hollywood’s Dark Secret” sends a timely, urgent message: Those who think they have impunity should not assume they’ll have it forever.
cies coordinated their response, and safe drinking water continued to flow. We cannot prove the counterfactual, but limiting the consequences of an intrusion is an impor- tant measure of progress. That progress is now at risk. Under Mr. Trump, the Department of Homeland Securi- ty has overseen significant personnel and
TRISTAN SPINSKI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
budget cuts at the Cybersecurity and Infra- structure Security Agency, which still lacks a Senate-confirmed director. Federal support for the Multi-State Information Sharing and Analysis Center, which provides threat intel- ligence and other assistance to thousands of state and local governments, ended last year, forcing it to charge municipalities for help. The State and Local Cybersecurity Grant Program is nearing the end of its active fund- ing period. And the Cybersecurity Informa- tion Sharing Act of 2015 — the legal frame- work that protects voluntary cyberthreat
TO THE EDITOR: Re “‘Botched’ Job, Not Sabo- tage, Damaged Pool; Charges to Be Dropped Against Ex- Olympian” (front page, Aug. 1): The Reflecting Pool saga is a perfect caricature of the Trump administration’s im- morality. You have President Trump and his vanity project, ap- proved without due diligence and with no-bid contracts that go wildly beyond budget and then fail. You have the president refusing to admit responsibil- ity, offering a ridiculous lie to divert attention from the fail- ure. You have yes men and women willing to spread the lie, setting the stage for a preposterous witch hunt. Then you have a Justice Depart- ment willing to humiliate and persecute ordinary Americans (even a former U.S. Olympic athlete) with baseless allega- tions in the service of the president’s ridiculous lie. The one happy data point in this otherwise absurd story is the administration’s prosecu- tor, Jeanine Pirro, ultimately, surprisingly, dismissing the case and acknowledging that it was based on nothing but hot air. If these facts weren’t so disturbing, they would be hilarious.
MAX JACOBS, SEATTLE
TO THE EDITOR: Regarding federal prosecutors dropping their felony vandal- ism charge against David Hearn, the 67-year-old Olympi-
TO THE EDITOR: “Please Don’t Thank Us for the Land,” by Reid Walker (Opin- ion guest essay, July 26), deeply resonated with me. As an attorney representing numerous Northwest Native American tribes for nearly three decades, I participated in many meetings with state officials. Often the issues in- volved water rights, with the tribes asking that sufficient water remain in streams to support healthy salmon popu- lations. In more recent years, land acknowledgments became de rigueur at the start of these meetings. More often than not, however, state officials refused to make meaningful accommo- dations even when the tribes’ requests were fully supported by state and federal law. I developed a healthy cyni- cism for empty land acknowl- edgments that came with no change to the status quo. As Mr. Walker aptly pointed out, the test “is in what action comes after the words have been spoken.”
SHARON HAENSLY SHORELINE, WASH.
must help local communities fight off foreign hackers.
an who Jeanine Pirro, the U.S. attorney for the District of Columbia, said had damaged government property: I be- lieve that the public would like to see the “tremendous evi- dence” that Ms. Pirro claimed on July 2 that she had. If the evidence is not over- whelming, there should be an investigation into Ms. Pirro and her office to determine how she charged a patriotic American citizen with a felony.
ROBERT KOWAL, NEW YORK
TO THE EDITOR: This word — botched — de- scribing the problems engen- dered by faulty work on the Reflecting Pool does not stop at its water’s edge. All too often, whatever the current executive branch of govern- ment takes on ends badly for the country and the world. The work on this small body of water reflects so much more than a single botched job.
PETER GILMOUR, CHICAGO
TO THE EDITOR: Re “Plans for Head Start Alarm Its Supporters” (news article, Aug. 2): The cruelty of our elected officials and their appointees knows no bounds as they move to dismantle Head Start, further harming our nation’s poorest children. For over six decades, this program has provided free schooling, health care and parental support to low- income families, with positive effects that extend well into adulthood. Decades of scientific re- search and experience firmly show that the early years are foundational for all develop- ment, from physical growth and well-being to social-emo- tional learning and ongoing success in school and the work force. One need only look at chil- dren to see their inherent innocence and vulnerability, requiring care and protection to reach their full potential. Head Start serves our most at-risk children by providing a safe environment to learn, play and thrive. What kind of society fails to protect its most vulnerable — and fails to invest in their success? A cruel one. By deci- mating Head Start, we dimin- ish the future not only for these children and families but also for society as a whole. Shame on those who vote to destroy a program that gives every child the opportunity to succeed.
TOVAH P. KLEIN, NEW YORK The writer is the director emerita of the Barnard Center for Toddler Development. She is the author of “Raising Resilience: How to Help Our Children Thrive in Times of Uncertainty” and “How Toddlers Thrive.”
sharing between companies and government — is set to expire on Sept. 30. This is weakening America’s cyberde- fenses, and Washington should reverse course. The administration should rebuild the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency’s personnel and capabilities and nominate a qualified leader who understands that defending the nation’s infrastructure is a nonpartisan national security mission. That rebuilding must include bolstering its re- gional field force, which gives small commu- nities direct access to cybersecurity advisers and industrial-control-system experts. Congress should restore federal support for the multistate information sharing center and commit at least $3 billion in new multi- year funding to the State and Local Cyber- security Grant Program. Some of that money should be dedicated to replacing aging con- trols in water facilities and strengthening their ability to operate safely when digital systems fail — including through manual controls, physical safety mechanisms and regularly exercised response plans. Manu- facturers and systems designers must also build equipment with secure settings, mod- ern authentication, effective record keeping and safe remote-access controls from the out- set. Small-town operators should not have to be cybersecurity experts merely to use es- sential equipment safely. Congress should also extend the Cyber- security Information Sharing Act for a dec- ade. When attacks appear almost simulta- neously across multiple states, the ability to rapidly compare information from individual victims is how defenders recognize a coordi- nated campaign and warn those who may be targeted next. Cyberattacks will continue, and some will succeed. The task is to ensure that a digital intrusion does not become a public health dis- aster. In an era of nation-state cyberconflict, the ultimate measure of resilience is brutally simple: When attackers get in, clean water must still come out.
By SHANE GOLDMACHER
After months of resistance, the Democratic National Committee finally relented this May and pub- lished a draft of its autopsy of what had gone wrong in the 2024 election, saying it was releasing the unfinished document “in its entirety” in the interest of trans- parency. But, according to the man who wrote the autopsy, there was a missing chapter. The chapter raised pointed questions that were notably ab- sent from the draft that the party put out, both about President Jo- seph R. Biden Jr.’s ill-fated deci- sion to run for re-election and the sway of an operative class that had become “generationally wealthy off politics” while steer- ing Democratic strategy. Paul Rivera, the author of the autopsy, provided the chapter to The New York Times and spoke publicly for the first time about the party’s efforts to analyze its 2024 losses. Both he and party of- ficials agreed that the process had been messy and at times con- tentious. He said that the draft re- leased by the party had been com- piled from work he submitted in November and December. But he said that the draft omit- ted a chapter titled “What Hap- pened in 2024,” which he said he had printed out and placed in a three-ring binder that he person- ally handed to the party’s chair- man, Ken Martin, in January. Mr. Martin sharply disputed that account, denying in a written statement that he was ever pro- vided with the missing chapter. “That is false,” Mr. Martin said. “This alleged report section was not in any binder I reviewed.” He added, “If we had this in May, we would have released it with the rest of the report.” He declined a request to be interviewed. The disputed “What Happened” chapter addressed several politi- cally delicate subjects that were not included in the draft the party published in May:
■ It questioned Mr. Biden’s deci- sion to seek re-election: “Is there a single point of failure for 2024? Perhaps it is a decision of the President to seek re-election in- stead of passing the torch.”
■ It analyzed the party’s loss of support among Hispanic, Black, Asian American and Native American voters, which had been mostly missing from the public draft.
■ And it pointedly raised the con- cern that most senior Democratic strategists in 2024 were “finan- cially secure” and thus removed from the challenges facing many Americans. “It is therefore possi- ble the people ‘in the room’ at the highest levels of 2024 decision making misunderstood the mood and practicalities facing everyday America,” the report read. The chapter did not name names of those who had become “generationally wealthy.” But Mr. Rivera wrote that those Demo- crats seeking change “keep bang- ing their heads up against a sys- tem proven to be inflexible and self-enriching.” “Whether that was a conscious decision on their part to bury the section for the purposes of hiding a paragraph, I don’t know,” Mr. Ri- vera said of the D.N.C. “That’s a them question. What I can tell you is they had it, and they made a de- cision not to release it.” Mr. Martin said that the party did not release the chapter be- cause the D.N.C. never saw it. “If I or the D.N.C. had report materials that went after self-enriching con- sultants, we absolutely would have included them,” he said in the
statement. Mr. Martin said he had campaigned for the chairmanship “to hold the consultant-industrial complex accountable and ensure the party only pays for work that actually helps us win.” In the draft that the party re- leased, the “What Happened” sec- tion was listed as “pending,” with an annotation stating: “This sec- tion was not provided by author.” The dueling stories about the autopsy are a remarkable breach between the leader of the Demo- cratic Party’s official arm and the friend he handpicked for the polit- ically sensitive task of producing the party’s formal 2024 autopsy. Neither man’s account could be entirely corroborated, in part be- cause many discussions about the autopsy occurred directly be- tween the two men. Mr. Martin said that the binder in question could not be located. Mr. Rivera provided a Word docu- ment of the chapter with meta- data that showed that it was last modified shortly before his Jan. 20 meeting with Mr. Martin. Mr. Rivera said that he had sent an earlier draft of the chapter elec- tronically to another party official. Party emails are deleted after 30 days for security purposes, so there is no record of that email. Mr. Martin said that a search of the party’s files could not locate such a document, and three other party officials who worked with Mr. Rivera on the autopsy said they had not previously seen the document in question. The dispute threatens to be- come a distraction for the party less than 100 days before the No- vember midterm elections, when Democrats hope that President Trump’s poor approval ratings will help them win control of the House and possibly the Senate. And it comes as Mr. Martin has been criticized for his stewardship of a party that recently reported more than $2 million in debt, while the Republican National Commit- tee had $128.5 million in the bank. Mr. Rivera, whose reputation was damaged when the party re- leased and disavowed his report, said he was going public because he believed the party needed sweeping changes to avoid re- peating the same mistakes, re- quiring conversations that he does not see happening. “It’s coming from a place of hope and, honestly, a little bit of desperation,” he said. “There’s a very comfortable ecosystem that will profit mightily from no change,” said Mr. Rivera, who added that he was now re- leasing his own 564-page review of the 2024 election. “And I think that we need some disruption here to force change.” This is the untold story of the autopsy that won’t die.
Don’t Call It an ‘Autopsy’
When he was elected to lead the Democratic Party in February 2025, Mr. Martin pledged to re- view the mistakes of 2024 to help the party plan for the future. Say- ing the report should not be called an autopsy because the party was “not dead,” he described it as an “after-action review.” He turned to Mr. Rivera, a Dem- ocratic consultant who once worked in the Clinton White House, to spearhead the project. Mr. Rivera was an unusual pick: He had not worked on a presiden- tial race since 2004. But he was an old, trusted friend of Mr. Martin’s who could bring an outsider’s eye. He took on the 2024 review as a part-time, unpaid project. Mr. Rivera was granted access to internal party data, and he and staff members conducted inter- views last year with Democratic
Missing Attributions The draft autopsy of the 2024 election that the D.N.C. released in May was heavily annotated by the committee because it “wasn’t ready for prime time,” according to Ken Martin, the party chairman.
Some of the D.N.C.’s annotations of the report pointed to inaccuracies or missing attribution.
officials from across the country. But by November, the report had blown past some internal deadlines. Ten days after Democratic vic- tories in the Virginia and New Jer- sey governor’s races, Mr. Rivera said that Mr. Martin called him. “The request at that time was, Can you send in what you have, what- ever condition it’s in?” Mr. Rivera said of his call with Mr. Martin. Mr. Rivera recalled Mr. Martin as saying he did not want to pub- lish an autopsy anymore but in- stead preferred to release some sort of slimmed-down “executive summary.” Mr. Martin disputed that. “That was false,” he said. “The decision to not release the report was not made until mid-December. In fact, my staff and I continued ag- gressively following up with the author asking for the missing sec- tions and sourcing in hopes of re- leasing a complete report.”
Messy Editorial Process
What is clear is that those late 2025 weeks were messy. Mr. Rivera started sending doc- uments in batches (the party later packaged them into the 192-page draft, he said). “I think I sent six or seven different emails” over the next month, he said. At headquarters, party officials were aghast at the quality of the work, frustrated by his use of clichés, data without sources and more, according to multiple offi- cials who saw the documents. The eventual annotations from the D.N.C. dripped with contempt and corrections: “Numbers appear in- accurate based on public data.” Some annotations noted sec- tions that were left out entirely. Mr. Rivera said those sections were intentionally left blank be- cause he had planned to finalize
them together with D.N.C. offi- cials. “Those conversations never oc- curred,” he said. “I would send in documents. They would start re- viewing them, I guess throw up their hands and say, ‘We can’t do anything with this.’” Some D.N.C. officials tried to salvage some of Mr. Rivera’s ma- terials but were frustrated that so little was attributed, according to the people who saw the docu- ments. The red disclaimer atop every page read: “The D.N.C. was not provided with the underlying sourcing, interviews, or support- ing data for many of the assertions contained herein and therefore cannot independently verify the claims presented.” As for the source material, Mr. Rivera said that the interviews had been recorded and tran- scribed — with the promise to par- ticipants that the files would be deleted when the report was final. Once Mr. Martin told him in No- vember that there would be no fi- nal report, Mr. Rivera said, he de- leted all of those files from the D.N.C. server on his own. Mr. Rivera said of the D.N.C., “Did not need their permission to record, did not need permission to delete.” On Dec. 18, Mr. Martin publicly pulled the plug, announcing that there would be no published au- topsy. Other party officials in- volved have said the final decision not to release an autopsy was not made until the quality of Mr. Ri- vera’s work product was appar- ent.
hours, discussing a wide range of topics, including the autopsy. “He started to say, ‘Well, you didn’t say this, you didn’t say that.’ And I was like: ‘Yes, I did. Those things were in the document,’” Mr. Rivera said. “So that was, like, the tell to me that they hadn’t put the full document in front of him. So then I printed a version and gave it to him.” Mr. Rivera said he assembled a new 173-page report, which he printed and placed in a three-ring binder that he delivered person- ally to Mr. Martin on Jan. 20. The report was shorter than the one the D.N.C. released in May be- cause it did not include a section on battleground state outcomes. The documents provided to The Times show that they were last modified just before the Jan. 20 meeting. The files were still a rough draft. The document of the missing chapter misspelled its ti- tle in part of the file name: “What Happend.” That Mr. Martin and Mr. Rivera met in January or that a binder was exchanged is not in dispute. The disagreement is over what was in the binder. Mr. Rivera said that it included the “What Happened” chapter, which among other things ex- plored how Democratic victories in the 2022 midterms might have masked the party’s — and Mr. Bi- den’s — vulnerabilities.
“These wins led Democrats to believe they were stronger than they actually were. President Biden, seeing those results, made the consequential deci- sion to seek re-election even when Americans were already sending a very strong signal: they were unhappy with the status quo.”
Read the contentious chapter not in the published draft.
no new section but rather old ma- terial. “My work with Paul in Jan- uary is being misrepresented,” Mr. Martin said. “The only binder I was working with Paul on was for ‘lessons learned’ materials,” Mr. Martin said, which could be later shared with allies and donors. He added, “That effort did not include re- viewing new report material, only the material the D.N.C. had al- ready received.” Mr. Rivera said that not only had Mr. Martin seen the chapter, but that the chairman had marked the binder with annotations and Post-it notes — and returned it to him via overnight mail from a Cal- ifornia trip. Mr. Rivera said he re- turned the binder to Mr. Martin in person later in the month. Mr. Martin said that he received at least 10 binders every week with briefing materials and that he did not recall this binder being kept for more than a few weeks during the winter, when he was working on the “lessons learned” materials. He said that party offi- cials had looked for the binder in recent days at the request of The Times but did not find it, which he said was unsurprising given that the contents had not been needed for months. The party also searched its digital files. “To the best of our knowledge, this document was never shared with nor reviewed by the D.N.C. — and we did not locate it in an ex- tensive search of our files,” Mr. Martin said in his statement.
Party Releases a Draft
By April, Mr. Martin was still tak- ing heat for what might have been in the autopsy. After a confrontational appear- ance on the liberal podcast “Pod Save America,” clips went viral of Mr. Martin trying to explain why no autopsy had been released. “There’s no smoking gun,” he said more than once. Soon after, CNN approached the D.N.C. with more details of what was in the unreleased autop- sy. The party decided to provide a full draft to the news outlet. CNN published the draft at 10 a.m. on May 21. At almost exactly that moment, Mr. Martin called Mr. Rivera to inform him the D.N.C. was releasing the annotat- ed draft, Mr. Rivera said. The call was the last time the two men spoke. Mr. Martin has faced intensi- fying questions about his leader- ship that go beyond the party’s precarious finances. The Times previously reported that in early July, he threw his phone at the desk of a junior aide, resulting in a human resources complaint. For Mr. Rivera, the party’s ex- tensive — and dismissive — red annotations had publicly ma- ligned his credibility. In the last two months, he has worked to fin- ish his own “Blue by 2032” autop- sy. It includes an “opening note” detailing his version of events. Mr. Rivera remains worried about his party’s direction. His re- port suggests some systemic changes, in areas including organ- izing (“invest earlier to scale earli- er”), fund-raising (“crack down on scam PACs and spam PACs”) and messaging (“spreadsheet jockeys have delivered a weak brand for Democrats”). “In every other aspect of pro- fessional life, when you fail, you look back to understand what went wrong — not in politics and certainly not in this party,” Mr. Ri- vera said. “The inability to accept responsibility gets in the way of change, reform, growth and progress, and that’s a huge missed opportunity for the party.”
N
TECH ECONOMY MEDIA FINANCE
High Prices For Energy This Winter
Reserves of natural gas are low, and the Iran war further limits shipments.
By LISA FRIEDMAN
Nearly five months of war in the Middle East is complicating an al- ready difficult annual rite in Eu- rope: stocking up on energy for the cold months of winter. Storage facilities for natural gas, which households and busi- nesses use extensively for boilers and furnaces, are only 54 percent full. That’s the second-lowest level for summer since 2011, and the lowest for July since 2021, when Russia’s state-owned energy com- pany was restricting gas supplies to Europe. At the same time, continued airstrikes by the United States and Iran, and their effective block- ade of the Strait of Hormuz, have slowed energy shipments out of the Persian Gulf. That has also complicated efforts in Europe to replenish storage. “It’s quite a worrying situation,” said Chris Aylett, a research fel- low in the Environment and Soci- ety Center at Chatham House, a think tank in London. “When you look at the situation in the Hor- muz, you just don’t have a sense of how this gets resolved,” he added. The likely consequence for Eu- rope, experts say, will not be out- right shortages of gas. Instead, they say, the restricted supplies will keep prices high. Iran has essentially choked off the Strait of Hormuz, a vital wa- terway for oil and gas shipments, since the United States and Israel launched strikes on Feb. 28. Con- ditions for tankers in the region remain perilous, and Iranian dam- age to the energy infrastructure of Qatar, a major producer, has left lasting scars on the world’s supply of natural gas. The wholesale price for Euro- pean natural gas soared in June to 60 euros per megawatt-hour, the highest it has been since the war
Is Helping Japan’s Yen
By ESHE NELSON
When the Japanese yen recently hit its weakest level against the U.S. dollar in about 40 years, it wasn’t just a problem for the gov- ernment in Tokyo. It was also a problem for the United States. The U.S. Treasury Department last week took a rare step to help prop up the yen, reinforcing the Japanese currency’s global signif- icance and the trouble it can cause across borders. The United States and Japan share deep economic and financial ties. Japan’s large holdings of U.S. Treasuries, stocks and other assets — nearly $3 tril- lion in all — mean that turmoil in Japan can ripple through U.S. markets and beyond. Here’s why what happens to the yen matters to the United States.
BEHIND A RARE COORDINATION
Tight Financial Ties The U.S. intervention added finan- cial heft to the effort of Japanese officials, who had already spent tens of billions of dollars this year trying to boost the yen. So far, Ja- pan’s interventions have had lim- ited effect and raised the prospect that Japan might sell significant portions of its large pile of U.S. Treasuries to fund further inter- vention. Japan is the largest for- eign holder of U.S. Treasuries, with more than $1.1 trillion in hold- ings. By selling Treasuries, Japan could push down their price — and
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 B1
MANUFACTURING U.S. Production Hits More Than 4-Year High
U.S. manufacturing activity in- creased to the highest level in more than four years in July amid strong order growth, boosting fac- tory employment — though the conflict in the Middle East is straining supply chains and keep- ing input costs elevated. The Institute for Supply Man- agement said its manufacturing PMI increased to 55.6 last month, the highest reading since May
AGRICULTURE Tyson Foods Cuts Forecast As Shortage Hurts Beef
Tyson Foods lowered its annual profit forecast on Monday, warn- ing that losses in its beef business would widen as tight U.S. cattle supplies keep costs elevated. Meatpackers have lost money in beef because rising cattle costs have outpaced gains from soaring prices for steaks and hamburger meat. Tyson had already closed a massive beef plant in Nebraska this year and cut operations at a facility in Texas, laying off thou- sands of workers. Cattle supplies shrank to a 75- year low following a prolonged drought burned up grazing lands in the western United States, and Washington suspended imports
BANKS UBS Fined $125 Million For Laundering Violations
UBS was fined $125 million by U.S. regulators on Monday for vio- lating the Bank Secrecy Act, the largest civil fine ever against a broker-dealer for violating the main anti-money laundering law. The U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Financial Crimes En- forcement Network said UBS Fi- nancial Services admitted to will- fully violating the BSA by failing to implement and maintain an
2022, from 53.3 in June. Econo- mists polled by Reuters had fore- cast the PMI would edge up to 54.0. The PMI this year has held above the 50 threshold, which in- dicates growth in the manufactur- ing sector. Manufacturing, which accounts for about 9.4 percent of the economy, has been supported by businesses front-loading or- ders to avoid higher prices and shortages stemming from the war. An artificial intelligence build- out is also driving activity in the technology sector, blunting the hit on manufacturing from import tariffs. REUTERS
from Mexico in an attempt to keep out screwworms. The pests were detected in June on Texas farms and in New Mexico. Facing pres- sure to lower costs, the Trump ad- ministration said it plans to start lifting the import ban this month. It may take up to a year for Tyson to benefit from the move. REUTERS
anti-money laundering program and by failing to file suspicious ac- tivity reports. UBS is now a repeat offender. The Swiss bank failed to address problems that led to a $14.5 million fine by FinCEN in December 2018. The alleged subsequent violations occurred between January 2019 and June 2023. Regulators said UBS failed to conduct appropriate due diligence of customers, especially high-risk customers with ties to Russia and Latin America. The settlement re- quires UBS to hire an outside con- sultant. REUTERS
CARLOS BARRIA/REUTERS
Oil Prices Plummet as Investors Digest Pause in Fighting
By The New York Times
Oil prices fell sharply on Monday as investors watched the latest back-and-forth in the U.S. war with Iran. Over the weekend, President Trump said that he had halted a planned U.S. assault as Iran and allies in the Middle East asked him to pause any new strikes in the war that started five months ago. He said talks with Iran would begin on Monday. Iran said on Monday that it was meeting with Oman to discuss temporarily reopening the Strait of Hormuz, the narrow waterway between Iran and Oman that is a vital trading route for oil and natu- ral gas. Before the war, it carried as much as one-fifth of the world’s oil supply.
Oil prices drop.
■ The price of Brent crude, the global benchmark for oil, fell around 5 percent on Monday, to about $84 a barrel.
■ West Texas Intermediate crude, the U.S. benchmark, dropped more than 5 percent, to about $80 a barrel.
■ Mr. Trump, in a social media post on Monday, called on oil com- panies to lower prices for con- sumers. The war in Iran has helped drive profits for global oil giants to their highest level in years. The president also said Mike Wirth, the chief executive of Chevron, did not give the Trump administration enough credit for saving the oil industry.
■ Shipping traffic through the Strait remained modest over the weekend, with 20 ships passing through on Saturday and Sunday, according to Kpler, a maritime data company. Before the war, around 130 ships traversed the strait every day.
■ On Sunday, the oil cartel known as OPEC Plus approved a modest increase in oil production of around 188,000 barrels a day, in an effort “to support oil market sta- bility,” it said.
Stocks tick up.
■ The S&P 500 rose about 1.5 per- cent, flirting with a record high, when trading closed in the United States on Monday.
■ In Europe, the Stoxx 600, a broad index that tracks the re- gion’s largest companies, rose 0.5 percent.
■ Stocks in Asia, where countries import vast quantities of oil and gas, mostly fell, driven by declines in technology stocks.
Gasoline prices hold steady.
■ Gas prices were flat on Monday, at a national average of $4.10 a gal- lon, according to the AAA motor club. The increase has raised the cost for drivers by more than 37 percent since the war began.
■ Gas prices don’t move in lock step with crude, usually trailing increases or drops by a few days.
■ The average price of diesel was $5.36 a gallon on Monday, up more than 42 percent since the start of the war.
What they are saying: ‘The relief is meaningful but provisional.’
■ “The relief is meaningful but provisional,” he wrote. “Tehran has yet to endorse the reported framework publicly, leaving mar- kets alert to another reversal.”
■ The efforts to open communica-
MARTA LAVANDIER/ASSOCIATED PRESS
At the pump in Miami Gardens, Fla., last week. The national average was steady at $4.10 a gallon by Monday.
tions between the United States and Iran have given the oil market a respite, Geoff Yu, an analyst at BNY, wrote in a research note.
NEWSLETTER: DEALBOOK
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By JOE RENNISON and KIUKO NOTOYA
The United States and Japan last week carried out a rare coordi- nated intervention in foreign ex- change markets to stabilize the rapidly weakening yen, marking the first joint operation of its kind in more than a decade. President Trump confirmed on Sunday that the Treasury Depart- ment had assisted Japanese au- thorities. In a statement, Satsuki Katayama, Japan’s finance min- ister, said the intervention was taken to counter “excessive vola- tility and disorderly movements” in the yen after months of sus- tained weakness. The yen has depreciated stead- ily against the U.S. dollar this year, as investors have grown increas- ingly concerned about Japan’s ex- panding fiscal spending, ampli- fied by higher energy costs stem- ming from the U.S. war with Iran. In July, the currency fell to its weakest level since the early 1980s, with the dollar briefly climbing above 163 yen, up from around 147 yen a year earlier. The Financial Times, citing sources, reported last week that the United States had sold euros to buy yen, helping to strengthen the Japanese currency. In Tokyo trading on Monday, the yen surged to around 155 per dollar be- fore settling at around 156.50. The intervention underscores the delicate balance surrounding the U.S. dollar’s global role. Presi- dent Trump has repeatedly ar- gued that an overly strong dollar hurts American exporters by making U.S. goods more expen-
OK to Deliver New Version Of 737 Max
By NIRAJ CHOKSHI
Boeing was cleared by U.S. regu- lators on Monday to start deliver- ing the smallest version of its best- selling 737 Max jet, a significant achievement for a company that has struggled with safety and quality problems in recent years. The approval, from the Federal Aviation Administration, comes after years of delays. The agency said in a statement that it had spent that time working “to re- solve complex technical issues and complete a thorough review of the airplane’s design and sup- porting safety analyses.” Certification of the plane, the Max 7, was delayed after two Max crashes in 2018 and 2019 killed 346 people. After those crashes, the F.A.A. grounded the Max for about 20 months. Then, in 2024, a poorly installed panel blew off a Max jet in flight, reviving concerns about the quality of Boeing’s planes. To obtain approval for the Max 7, Boeing had to make changes to the plane’s flight control software, pilot alert system and an engine system that prevents ice accumu- lation and could, in some cases, cause part of the engine to over- heat. “This important certification validates the rigor of our air- plane’s design and recognizes the determination and resilience of our 737 MAX development team,” Stephanie Pope, chief executive of Boeing’s commercial plan unit, said in a statement. The company said that the Max 7 test program began in 2018 and included more than 1,000 hours of testing. Boeing is preparing to de- liver the first Max 7 to Southwest Airlines. The plane typically seats 135 to 160 passengers. The Max 8, the most popular version of the plane, can seat as many as 180 passengers, and the Max 9 can seat up to 195. Certification of the 210-pas- senger Max 10, the biggest ver-
by safety issues, will release its smallest model, the Max 7.
sion of the jet, has also been de- layed, though the company said last month that it had made sub- stantial progress. Another, larger plane, the 777-9, is also years be- hind schedule. Approval for the Max 7 has come as Boeing’s turnaround has gained momentum. In the last two years, the company has appointed a new chief executive, revamped its procedures and expanded training and other quality-control practices. Boeing said it had had a notable decline in production de- fects. The F.A.A. said that safety in- spectors would continue to moni- tor the work carried out at Boe- ing’s factories.
President Trump confirmed the Treasury Department had intervened to help stabilize the Japanese yen, the first joint operation of its kind in over a decade.
sive abroad. At the same time, Washington has a strong interest in preserving the dollar’s position as the world’s dominant reserve currency — what businesses, banks and people use to price goods and settle accounts. For Japan, a weak yen has produced mixed results. While it improves the competitiveness of Japanese exporters, it also in- creases the cost of imports, partic- ularly energy. Because oil is typi- cally priced in dollars, Japan has faced the double burden of higher global oil prices and a weaker cur- rency, forcing importers to spend more yen for every barrel. The yen’s decline mirrors broader weakness across several Asian currencies as the dollar has strengthened. Since April, Japan’s finance ministry has spent tens of
Clockwise from top: A sign outside a securities firm in Tokyo showing the exchange rate; a supermarket in Tokyo; Kazuo Ueda, the governor of the Bank of Japan; and traffic in Tokyo. Mounting inflation encouraged the Japanese central bank to raise interest rates to 1 percent in June, the highest level in 31 years.
CHANG W. LEE/THE NEW YORK TIMES
YUICHI YAMAZAKI/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE
that could ultimately raise bor- rowing costs for the U.S. govern- ment. Already, the yield on U.S. Treasuries has climbed in recent weeks on concerns about infla- tion. Last week, the yield on 30- year U.S. bonds hit their highest level since 2007. Moves in the yen also influence other Asian currencies, such as the South Korean won. So sup- porting the yen can reduce the risk that other Asian countries would come under intense pres- sure and need to sell their own dol- lar reserves to prop up their cur- rencies. “For Washington, supporting the yen is relatively low-cost in- surance,” John Bromhead, and economist at Moody’s Analytics in Sydney, wrote in a note. This was not the first time this year that volatility in Japan’s mar- kets caught the attention of U.S. officials. In January, the Treasury Department considered an inter- vention in the yen after Scott Bessent, the Treasury secretary, blamed a rise in Japanese bond yields for driving up U.S. govern- ment borrowing costs.
KENNY HOLSTON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
billions of dollars purchasing yen to prop up the currency, with lim- ited success. Speaking in Tokyo on Monday, Ms. Katayama said the govern- ment believes the yen is underval- ued, pointing to Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi’s efforts to revive the economy. The coordinated intervention coincided with the Bank of Japan’s latest policy meeting, where offi- cials left interest rates unchanged but signaled that additional rate increases remain possible. Ja- pan’s central bank raised rates in June, with market analysts ex- pecting another increase before year-end. After decades of ultralow inter- est rates aimed at combating de- flation, the Bank of Japan has been gradually raising rates in re-
American exporters by making their goods more expensive for foreign buyers. And that could give Japanese exporters a com- petitive advantage in the United States. Last year, the U.S. im- ported $146 billion worth of goods from Japan, and exported about $82 billion, according to data from the Office of the United States Trade Representative. It’s not clear how effective the intervention in the yen will be, even with the help of the U.S. gov- ernment. A fundamental reason the Japanese yen has sunk so much are investors’ concerns about Japan’s fiscal condition — a heavy debt load and the govern- ment’s promotion of tax cuts and spending. The country’s gross debt is more than twice the size of its economy, by far the largest debt burden of any major ad- vanced economy. The pressure on Japanese fi- nances is growing. Borrowing costs are rising as Sanae Takaichi, Japan’s prime minister, is seeking to help businesses and house- holds with the high cost of living. That includes energy costs, which have risen from disruptions creat- ed by the war in Iran, prompting speculation of more government spending and further weakening the yen.
sponse to inflationary pressures. Ms. Takaichi, however, has cham- pioned low borrowing costs as part of an agenda built around fis- cal stimulus, tax cuts and higher defense spending — priorities that become more difficult to fi- nance as interest rates rise. Many economists argue that higher Japanese interest rates, by narrowing the gap with U.S. rates, would help relieve downward pressure on the yen. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent ex- pressed a similar view during a visit to Tokyo earlier this year. So far this year, Japanese stocks are performing better than their U.S. counterparts. Despite a de- cline over the past month, Japan’s benchmark Nikkei 225 index re- mains almost 30 percent higher this year, while the S&P 500 is up 9.2 percent. The United States last coordi- nated currency intervention with Japan in 2011, when the two coun- tries sought to weaken an unusu- ally strong yen after it surged in the aftermath of Japan’s devastat- ing earthquake and tsunami. Washington also joined Japan in supporting the yen during a peri- od of sharp depreciation in 1998. For the Trump administration, a persistently weak yen creates several challenges. It gives Japa- nese manufacturers a competitive advantage over U.S. producers, undercutting President Trump’s broader effort to use tariffs to en- courage companies to shift pro- duction to the United States. A weaker yen also risks fueling inflation in Japan, potentially prompting the Bank of Japan to
ANDREW CABALLERO-REYNOLDS/ AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
ANDREW CABALLERO-REYNOLDS/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
Connected Markets Mounting inflation encouraged the Japanese central bank to raise interest rates to 1 percent in June, the highest level in 31 years. For years, the Bank of Japan kept in- terest rates extremely low, even below zero, by purchasing vast volumes of government bonds. The goal was to stimulate growth. Policymakers have started to slowly push rates higher. But analysts argue that the weakness in the yen will persist as long as Japanese interest rates re- main so much lower than those in the United States, where the Fed- eral Reserve has held rates be- tween 3.5 percent and 3.75 per- cent. Though the Fed hasn’t moved rates this year, growing dissent among policymakers is in- creasing pressure on the central bank to raise rates. That could widen the gap with Japan’s rates even more. Last week, the Bank of Japan kept rates steady but traders are betting officials will raise interest rates again later this year. Para- doxically, higher Japanese inter- est rates could also blow back on the United States, as it would make Japanese assets more at- tractive for some investors and deter them from U.S. assets.
raise interest rates more ag- gressively. Higher Japanese bond yields could encourage domestic investors to shift money out of U.S. Treasuries and back into Jap- anese assets, pushing Treasury prices lower, raising U.S. yields and increasing borrowing costs across the American economy. Mr. Trump was asked on Sun- day why the Treasury Depart- ment had taken the step this time. “To support the Japanese cur- rency,” he said, after he landed at Andrews Air Force Base in Mary- land. “Because we have a good re- lationship with Japan. We’re very strong, very, very strong finan- cially.” He added: “Japan’s been very good to us, with the exception, of course, of Pearl Harbor.” Mr. Bessent also acknowledged the intervention in a post on X that the coordinated foreign exchange actions had “countered disorderly yen movements,” he wrote, add- ing, “We will not hesitate to par- ticipate in further joint interven- tion.” Ms. Katayama said Japan’s fi- nance ministry “remains atten- tive and in close communication” with the Treasury Department. Still, analysts cautioned that in- tervention alone is unlikely to re- verse the yen’s decline unless un- derlying economic forces also change. “The intervention highlights growing official determination to defend the currency, but equally underscores the limits of relying on FX operations alone,” analysts at Wells Fargo said.
Japan’s large investments in the United States extend beyond Treasuries, with nearly $1.2 tril- lion in equities and more than $300 billion in corporate debt last year, according to U.S. Treasury data.
Bound Together The dollar is indisputably the world’s most powerful currency and sits on one side of 90 percent of nearly all foreign currency ex- change trades. The yen is also a significant player. It is the third most traded currency, after the euro. Its share of global trades is notably ahead of the British pound, Swiss franc and Chinese renminbi, according to data from the Bank for International Settle- ments. Mr. Bessent and Satsuki Katayama, the Japanese finance minister, have both said that fur- ther action to bolster the yen is possible if needed. On Monday, the yen hit 157 to the dollar, the strongest level since early May. “The Japanese Ministry of Fi- nance remains attentive and in close communication with our counterparts at the U.S. Treas- ury,” Ms. Katayama said in a state- ment. “We will not hesitate to con- duct further joint intervention.”
MONICA SCHIPPER/GETTY IMAGES
MARLA AUFMUTH/GETTY IMAGES FOR TEXAS CONFERENCE FOR WOMEN
Scott Pelley, top, was fired and Sharyn Alfonsi’s contract was allowed to lapse after each accused Bari Weiss, the editor in chief of CBS News, of pushing political bias.
Ousted Them. They’ll Teach At Columbia.
By BENJAMIN MULLIN
Sharyn Alfonsi and Scott Pelley, two former “60 Minutes” corre- spondents who were ousted from the show after clashing with exec- utives this past spring, are headed to a new professional destination: the classroom. Ms. Alfonsi and Mr. Pelley will be journalists-in-residence at Co- lumbia Journalism School for the coming academic year, the school said Monday. The roles, which are part-time, will involve giving lec- tures and helping students hone their investigative reporting skills. Each will also contribute an article to the Columbia Journal- ism Review, the school’s magazine about media issues. “These are two prime journal- ists,” Jelani Cobb, the dean of Co- lumbia Journalism School, said in
program calls them ‘two prime journalists.’
an interview. “They weren’t just at a notable news organization. They were at the pre-eminent inves- tigative broadcast news pro- gram.” Ms. Alfonsi and Mr. Pelley were pushed out of “60 Minutes” amid tensions with Bari Weiss, the edi- tor in chief of CBS News, whom they each accused of inserting po- litical bias into their stories. CBS News allowed Ms. Alfonsi’s con- tract to lapse and fired Mr. Pelley after he confronted the show’s new executive producer, Nick Bil- ton, about a staff shake-up. In statements, Ms. Alfonsi and Mr. Pelley said their new roles at Columbia came at a crucial time for journalism. “Deep, rigorous and fearless reporting has never been more vital,” Ms. Alfonsi said. “This is a critical time for a free press,” Mr. Pelley added. Mr. Cobb said that he reached out to Mr. Pelley the day after “60 Minutes” fired the correspondent in June. Amid the furor around Mr. Pelley’s break with “60 Minutes,” Mr. Cobb expected it would be dif- ficult to reach him. But Mr. Pelley picked up right away, and Mr. Cobb settled the details quickly with him and Ms. Alfonsi. After that, they had to prevent the news from leaking, Mr. Cobb said. “We’ve had to keep it under our hats for a little while,” he said. “This happened six or seven weeks ago.”
FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE
FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE
1.5 percent drop in stock prices be- cause of increased selling. How SpaceX’s stock fairs after the expiration of its various lock- ups is likely to serve as a bench- mark for other major tech compa- nies that may go public in the next 12 months, including the artificial intelligence start-ups Anthropic and OpenAI. In June, Mr. Musk’s company held the world’s biggest I.P.O., raising $85.7 billion and rising nearly 20 percent on its first day of trading to be worth more than $2 trillion. The event turned Mr. Musk, who controls more than 80 percent of SpaceX’s shareholder votes, into the world’s first trillion- aire and seemed to signal investor appetite for more technology I.P.O.s. But SpaceX’s volatile stock per- formance since then is a reminder that going public is no easy feat. The company, which has a market value of $1.428 trillion, has been buffeted by investor skepticism and a growing number of “short” sellers, who borrow shares to bet on a stock’s decline. Any price swings could be mag-
To Be Costly in Winter As War Limits Supply
with Iran began, and has contin- ued to hover around that level. Without a lasting resolution to the war, analysts said, Europe will be forced to keep paying higher prices to fill its natural gas storage sites, costs that will trickle down to utility bills. Before the war, about one-fifth of the world’s liquefied natural gas flowed through the strait, primari- ly from Qatar. Little of that gas is now getting into markets. “This will be felt by all L.N.G. importers, including Europe as it looks to refill its gas storage for next winter,” Fatih Birol, execu- tive director of the International Energy Agency, warned in the or- ganization’s monthly oil report on July 21. Securing gas reserves has be- come a critical challenge for Eu- rope in recent years. After Rus- sia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the European Union and its allies actively replaced Russian pipe- line gas with liquefied natural gas,
MARSHAL/ SHERIFF SALES
MARSHAL EXECUTION SALE PUBLIC AUCTION RE: Parking Violations Vs. Various Judgment Debtors I will Sell At Public Auction For City Marshal Martin A. Bienstock by Michael Golia Auctioneer On Thursday, August 6, 2026, at 10:00 am At: 4825 Baldwin Street, Bronx, NY 10470 All R/T/I in & to the following vehicles 07 TOYO JTDKB20UX77673042 19 HOND 1HGCV1F30KA101723 12 CHEV 1GB3G3BG5C1171561 09 CHEV 2G1WB57K591209981 05 TOYO 4T1BE32K05U537117 16 FORD 3FADP4BJ8GM118708 14 ME WD3PE8DC0E5888532 99 CHEV 3G1JC1242XS831822 87 CHEV 1GCJP32J2H3318963 18 DODG 1C4SDJCTXJC289543 08 ME WDBUF87X08B333444 06 NISS 1N4AL11D06N399349 08 TOYO JTEDS41A482039681 12 MERZ WDDGF8BB7CA648059 05 HOND 1HGCM82645A006100 09 HOND 1HGCP36829A031119 15 HYUN 5NPE24AF4FH151851 11 FORD 1FMCU0DG1BKC27645 11 KIA 5XYKTDA23BG077918 09 PORS WP1AA29P69LA04142 04 CHEV 1GCFG15T741206995 05 TOYO 5TDBT44A65S253256 99 HOND 2HKRL1859XH524152 10 MAZD JM1BL1SG2A1312705 15 DODG 2C4RDGEG2FR643751 14 FORD 3FA6P0K98ER311237 05 HOND JHMES96645S015384 14 JEEP 1C4RJEBG8EC173766 11 HOND JHMGE8H50BC017878 10 HOND 1HGCP2F48AA005636 12 SUBA JF1GPAH6XCH213087 08 HOND 1HGCP36898A057134 16 SUBA JF2GPABC9G8317893 12 GMC 2GKFLTEK5C6256776 07 FORD 1FTPX14527FA43932 00 CHEV 1GCFG15WXY1107085 12 DODG 1C4RDHAG6CC278510 13 HOND 1HGCR2F31DA215940 17 KIA 3KPFK4A7XHE089182 06 CHRY 2A4GP54L16R829261 The Following Vehicles Will Be Sold with Liens: 19 TOYO 4T1B11HK7KU723787 23 HOND 1HGCY2F74PA027049 19 HOND SHHFK7H95KU407816 20 CHEV 2GNAXUEV8L6239701 19 NISS 1N4BL4EV5KC256685 18 BMW WBA8E5G54JNV02417 18 CHEV 1GCVKPEC6JZ208134 17 HOND 1HGCR2F59HA176750 21 FORD MAJ6S3GLXMC434880 20 ME WDD3G4FBXLW036763 23 ACUR 5J8TC2H67PL000421 17 BMW WBAJE7C34HG887591 22 HYUN 5NMJBCAE0NH026759 17 CHEV 1G1BE5SM2H7193271 18 NISS 1N4AL3AP2JC470108 20 NISS 3N1AB8CV4LY285318 24 NISS 1N4BL4DV2RN350944 14 MITS JA32U2FU1EU013535 24 AUDI WAUAUDGY5RA073686 25 NISS 3N8AP6CB6SL438905 17 NISS 1N4AL3AP1HC492904 17 HOND 1HGCR2F50HA039292 11 ME 4JGBB2FB3BA705634 19 NISS KNMAT2MT0KP529342 19 JEEP 1C4RJFCG0KC624124 15 JEEP 1C4PJLDS0FW516339 18 NISS KNMAT2MT5JP518769 18 HOND JHMZC5F39JC022946 18 CHEV KL7CJLSB5JB564692 19 KIA 5XXGT4L39KG329784 12 JEEP 1C4NJRFB6CD574700 17 MAZD JM3KFBDL5H0141463 The Following Vehicles Will be Sold As Salvage: 11 HOND 1HGCP2F84BA059519 14 INFI JN1BV7ARXEM688625 05 ACUR 19UUA66235A077572 13 HOND 2HGFB2F89DH527504 15 HOND 1HGCR2F51FA239532 12 HYUN 5NPEB4AC6CH497160 09 ME WDDGF81X39F179707 13 ACUR 19UUA9F54DA000039 CASH ONLY INSPECTION › HOUR PRIOR TO SALE CITY MARSHAL MARTIN A. BIENSTOCK BADGE # 75 (718) 279-3774
MARSHAL EXECUTION SALE PUBLIC AUCTION Re: Parking Violations Vs. Various Judgment Debtors I Will Sell At Public Auction For City Marshal Matthew Regan By Courtney Morris, Auctioneer On Thursday, Aug. 6, 2026 At 10:00AM At 5 J's Towing 62-02 Beach Channel Dr Arverne, New York 11692. All R/T/I in & to the Following Vehicles: 11 NISSA 3N1BC1CP9BL485858 12 CHEVR 1GNKRGED2CJ201360 15 BMW WBAYF8C5XFD654252 11 LA-RO SALAG2D49BA591718 12 DODGE 3C4PDCBG3CT245879 23 NISSA 1N6ED1CM8PN642054 14 CHEVR 1G11B5SL0EF221176 14 VOLKS 3VW2K7AJ9EM433143 13 FORD 1FADP3F23DL266291 10 NISSA 1N4AL2EP6AC165344 00 ME-BE WDBNG70J7YA113404 03 GMC 1GTGG25U431139435 02 FORD 2FAFP74W72X121860 11 INTER 1HTMMAAL0BH316865 10 HYUND KMHDU4AD5AU110014 11 PORSC WP1AB2A27BLA51263 12 CHEVR 1G1PC5SH1C7362669 06 BMW WBAVB17526NK30591 07 MEBE 4JGBF71E97A296159 99 MERC 2MEFM74W2XX622616 Following Vehicles Sold With Liens 20 JEEP ZACNJBD16LPL78191 16 BMW WBA5B3C53GG256849 20 NISSA 1N4AA6CV6LC366100 15 CADIL 3GYFNEE3XFS568943 19 TOYOT 4T1B11HK5KU248673 16 BMW WBA3N9C59GK249323 08 JEEP 1J4GA39168L564328 23 FORD 1FM5K8LC4PGB02600 20 JEEP 1C4RJFBG5LC255795 10 MAZDA JM1BL1SF3A1269158 18 FORD 1FM5K7F8XJGC13855 15 CHEVR 1GNKRGKDXFJ241520 23 HYUND KM8K62AB5PU028605 19 JEEP 1C4RJFJGXKC613859 08 HYUND KM8JN72D68U761873 18 ME-BE 55SWF6EB8JU245801 16 NISSA 1N4AL3APXGC291761 23 NISSA 5N1BT3AB1PC938577 19 JEEP 1C4PJMBX6KD298787 06 INFINI JNKCV51F06M605019 17 MITSU JA32U2FU1HU013846 16 HONDA 1HGCR2F59GA136828 16 FORD 2FMPK4AP4GBC08561 CASH ONLY Inspect ›Hr. Prior to Sale City Marshal Matthew G. Regan Badge#5 Phone (929) 251 7497
SpaceX executives at the Nasdaq ceremony for the initial public offering in June. The stock briefly soared before falling nearly 50 percent from its high.
nified by SpaceX’s relatively small percentage of shares, or “float,” that can be traded on the public market, said Jay Ritter, the director for the I.P.O. Initiative at the University of Florida. SpaceX’s float, currently below 5 percent of the total number of shares, will increase to more than
primarily imported from the United States. To maintain energy stability, the European Union en- forces seasonal regulations that require member states to meet storage benchmarks throughout the year. By November, a few months be- fore the war in Iran, average gas storage across E.U. member states was 75 to 80 percent — fall- ing short of the 90 percent govern- ment target at the time. As Europe grapples with supply disruptions from the war in Iran, it is also being hit by the costly im- pacts of climate change. This year, the challenge has been particu- larly acute as dangerous heat waves across the continent, fueled by rising global temperatures, have increased electricity de- mand for air-conditioning. In France, the heat even forced some nuclear reactors to curb production, which meant an in- creased reliance on gas-fired power plants. Europe is also competing for
ANDRES KUDACKI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
12 percent after the first lockup expires. On X, Mr. Musk, who became a mere multibillionaire as SpaceX’s stock price fell, has cracked jokes about losing his trillionaire status. But he also warned those who bet against him that they were wrong to not believe in the company.
Liquefied natural gas facilities in Malta, above, and Italy, near right. Europe’s natural gas storage, used to fuel furnaces, far right, and boilers in households and businesses, is at one of its lowest summer levels in more than a decade. “It’s quite a worrying situation,” one researcher said.
gas with Asia, where above- normal temperatures also are driving up demand. The majority of Europe’s gas is consumed in the wintertime. So countries try to keep storage lev- els high during the summer months to avoid paying peak prices in the coldest months. The European Commission, the executive arm of the European Union, eased storage rules this year, allowing countries to target at least 80 percent of capacity by early November under difficult market conditions. Some experts and industry offi- cials are worried that Europe will not be able to meet the lower threshold. “We do not believe that Europe will get to 80 percent storage fill-
By SHAWNA RICHER
TORONTO — WestJet, one of Cana- da’s largest airlines, reached a tentative contract agreement early Monday with a union repre- senting 4,400 flight attendants, ending a daylong strike that forced the cancellation of hun- dreds of flights. The Canadian Union of Public Employees, the labor organiza- tion representing the flight at- tendants, said in a statement that the strike was over and that flight attendants would be returning to work. “This tentative agreement rep- resents meaningful progress,” Alia Hussain, the president of the local union chapter, said, adding that the deal would better recog- nize and compensate work per- formed by cabin crews. Details of the tentative agree- ment were not immediately avail- able. The deal must still be ratified by a vote of union members. WestJet said it had canceled 645 flights since Friday during what is a long weekend in most parts of Canada. The airline’s most popu- lar routes are domestic, but flights to other destinations — including
“I said SpaceX will be worth more than Earth if we achieve our goals,” Mr. Musk posted on social media last month. His net worth is now around $684 billion, accord- ing to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index. Mr. Musk and a SpaceX spokes- man did not respond to requests for comment. SpaceX was sched- uled to report its first earnings as a public company on Tuesday. While newly public companies traditionally prevent insiders from trading for the first 180 days after the I.P.O., SpaceX has stag- gered its lockup period so that early employees and investors will be able to sell tranches of shares over the next 10 months. The largest tranche, 1.3 billion shares, will be unlocked after the company reports its financial re- sults in the fall. Mr. Musk, SpaceX’s largest shareholder, who controls more than 6.4 billion shares, will not be able transact on the bulk of that stake until next June. Current and former SpaceX em- ployees have been watching the recent stock gyrations closely. With the first lockup ending, some
ing before the winter,” Torgrim Re- itan, the chief financial officer at Equinor, a Norwegian energy gi- ant, said on a recent earnings call. Still, the continent is not in dan- ger of running out of gas, accord- ing to the Energy Union Task Force, a coalition of European countries and commission mem- bers who coordinate energy pol- icy. Natural gas prices are “signifi- cantly lower” than 2022 levels.
WestJet flight attendants striking at Vancouver International Airport in Richmond, British Columbia, on Sunday. Some 645 flights were canceled.
former employees have taken to Facebook groups to crowdsource strategies about what to do with their shares, according to posts shared with The New York Times. In one group, someone estimated that the 1,200 members col- lectively had at least “a billion dol- lars’ worth of shares.” “I’m not comfortable having so much of my net worth concen- trated in a single stock, so my goal is to diversify,” one former SpaceX engineer wrote. In response, com- menters told him to hold on to his shares and borrow against them if he needed cash. In a recent note to investors, Adam Jonas, an analyst at Mor- gan Stanley, which worked on SpaceX’s I.P.O., said the compa- ny’s shares could “realistically” fall to $100. He said he was opti- mistic about SpaceX’s future and calculated the company was worth $300 a share, but noted there was a “current disconnect” and “increasingly bearish invest- or sentiment.” Mr. Jonas ascribed the discon- nect to “no major fundamental changes.” Instead, he said, those who were positive about SpaceX
CLARA VANNUCCI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
KATRIN STREICHER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
“There is no immediate securi- ty of supply concern for winter,” the task force members said. Christoph Halser, a senior ana- lyst at Rystad Energy, a consult- ing group, noted that Europe was in a better position than other parts of the world, particularly gas-dependent parts of Asia. That’s because significant new liq- uefied natural gas export capacity from the United States is coming
ETHAN CAIRNS/THE CANADIAN PRESS, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
and those who were negative had dug in their heels. Plenty of investors are betting against the company. Nearly $25 billion of SpaceX’s tradable stock, or 34 percent of its float, is held by short sellers, according to S3 Part- ners, a financial data company. SpaceX is the eighth most shorted stock in the United States and the most shorted stock over the last 30 days, based on S3 data. Matt Kennedy, a senior strat- egist at Renaissance Capital, which tracks I.P.O.s, said SpaceX was “a cautionary tale” for invest- ors looking for short-term gains. Among other U.S. companies that went public this year and raised at least $50 million, SpaceX is in the bottom third for stock perform- ance, he said. The stocks of large tech compa- nies, including Facebook and Uber, also declined after their public offerings, but they weath- ered the storm, Mr. Kennedy noted. Given SpaceX’s lockup ex- piration, he expected more turbu- lence for the stock in the days ahead. “Nobody wants to catch a fall- ing knife,” he said.
ALBERTO PIZZOLI/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
online, buffering the loss from Qa- tar. Another factor weighing on the urgency to fill reserves is a loom- ing reduction in about 12 percent of Europe’s gas supply. In less than six months, European coun- tries will by law have to end im- ports of Russian liquefied gas, in- creasing the need to bring in more cargoes from the United States and other countries.
to be compensated for the time spent on ground duties that are currently unpaid, including pas- senger boarding and safety pre- sentations. On Sunday, flight attendants carrying signs in the company’s teal and navy colors formed picket lines outside Canada’s largest air- ports in Toronto, Montreal, Van- couver and Calgary. All passengers affected by the strike, which prevented WestJet from flying its Boeing 737 and 787 aircraft, would be refunded or re- accommodated, the airline said. WestJet Airlines is Canada’s second-largest carrier, after Air Canada, and began operating in 1996 as a low-cost carrier with three aircraft. It was purchased in 2019 by a Toronto-based private equity firm, Onex Corporation, and flies nearly 200 planes to more than 100 destinations. The strike was the second ma- jor disruption to Canadian air travel in a year. Last summer, the Canadian government ordered a binding arbitration to shut down a strike by 10,000 flight attendants for Air Canada that began largely over similar compensation issues.
Square Feet
By EMMETT LINDNER
The billionaire investor Peter Thiel broke rental records in June when he leased space in Miami’s Brickell neigh- borhood for $250 a square foot for his family office. The same month, the billionaire Mohamed Mansour of Man Capital signed a family office lease in the Well, a new complex in Bay Harbor Islands. The Super Bowl champion Tom Brady is getting ready to move his family office, TEB Capital Manage- ment, into the same building. Those moves and others like them have begun to change Miami’s office landscape, part of a growing wave of firms opening there to manage an individual’s wealth and private affairs. As more high-net-worth individuals have migrated to Miami since the Covid-19 pandemic, the need for these private firms there has increased, too. Single-family offices, tracing their roots back to the Rockefellers in the 19th century, have grown substantially this decade. In 2024, there were more than 8,000 single-family offices globally, up about 30 percent from just over 6,000 in 2019, according to the latest report on family offices by Deloitte. That number is expected to exceed 10,000 by 2030, or roughly 75 percent growth over 10 years. The rise comes from the rapid in- crease in the concentration of wealth. In 2024, the total estimated wealth of families with family offices was more than $5 trillion, compared with a little over $3 trillion in 2019, according to Deloitte. More money leads to more complex holdings, and accountants, tax experts and other firms have emerged to fill the gaps. In Miami, brokers have had to move
By BERNHARD WARNER
Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena is the world’s oldest bank. It has survived the rise and fall of the Medici, regional and world wars and its own near-death experiences — including a 5.4- billion-euro bailout in 2017 and a derivatives scandal that made the lender a byword for misman- agement. But under Luigi Lovaglio, the chief executive, who was re- cruited by the Italian govern- ment in 2022 to engineer a turn- around, Monte dei Paschi has grown into one of Europe’s healthiest financial institutions. Now, it’s a takeover target. Sitting in Palazzo Salimbeni, the bank’s fortresslike 14th- century headquarters in Siena’s historic center, Mr. Lovaglio reflected last week on the bank’s latest challenge. The Tuscan lender is being pursued by its biggest rival in an increasingly combative contest. “I’m working around the clock to find the best solution,” said Mr. Lovaglio, who survived a bruis- ing board battle this spring to stay on the job. In June, the ball started rolling when Milan-based Banco BPM proposed a “merger of equals” with Monte dei Paschi. The next day, Intesa Sanpaolo, Italy’s biggest bank, announced a hos- tile €35 billion ($40 billion) cash- and-shares takeover bid for Monte dei Paschi, which has some €240 billion in assets on its balance sheet. The Intesa plan is somewhat convoluted. It involves teaming up with Unipol, an Italian insur- er, which would acquire roughly half of Monte dei Paschi’s branch network — some outposts still operate in tiny Tuscan towns, including on the island of Giglio — cleaving the Siena name off the door. Intesa is after Monte dei Paschi’s crown jewels: its Mediobanca investment bank and wealth management unit, and its stake in Generali, the $77 billion insurer. Monte dei Paschi acquired those assets last year in a stun- ning David-taking-over-Goliath bid of its own. Further complicat- ing things, Banco BPM said in a statement on Friday that it had terminated merger discussions with Monte dei Paschi, putting the talks in limbo. “It’s definitely got a ‘Game of Thrones’ quality to it,” Johann Scholtz, a banking analyst at Morningstar, said of the compet- ing interests lining up for Monte dei Paschi. While European politicians, regulators and banking officials are fixated on the Italian lender UniCredit’s swooping in to buy Germany’s Commerzbank — a hostile advance that briefly grew into a diplomatic spat between Rome and Berlin — a consolida- tion frenzy is remaking Italy’s domestic banking sector. Europe’s banks are growing at the healthiest clip since before the 2008 global financial crisis, powered by years of high inter- est rates, a surging stock market and bumper wealth-management fees. But protectionist tendencies remain entrenched in national capitals. That’s despite a push by
unusually fast to keep up with the pace of requests recently for family office space. During the second quarter of 2026, 15 percent of new leasing activity in Miami was tied to financial service expansions, which include family of- fices, according to a report from Blanca Commercial Real Estate, an independ- ent brokerage and advisory firm. The average assets under manage- ment of family offices was $2 billion in 2023, according to the Deloitte survey of 354 single-family offices around the world, including those of prominent families. More than 120 are already set up in the Miami area, with median assets under management of $350 million, according to research from Altss, which tracks family office data. Now, more families outside the ultra- high-net-worth tier are requesting office space. “Twenty years ago, it was the uber wealthy and it was very investment focused,” said Lee-ford Tritt, a professor at the University of Florida’s Levin College of Law who focuses on estate planning. “Now they’ve become very much management vehicles for families with very complex holdings.” The rising demand in office space has led to higher, more competitive leasing prices, analysts and real estate leaders said. Between 2020 and 2025, average asking rents for office space in Miami- Dade County increased more than 50 percent, according to data from Blanca and JLL, a real estate services firm. During that period, according to the report, comparable markets did not see such steep growth. Austin, Texas, rents increased by almost 18 percent, Dallas by 13 percent and Raleigh, N.C., by 8 percent. New York City and San Fran- cisco experienced declines, with aver- age asking rents falling 10 percent and 15 percent. “In New York, one building gets filled
Clockwise from top: Luigi Lovaglio, the chief executive of Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena, in the bank’s historical archive inside Palazzo Salimbeni in Siena, Italy; the bank’s founding charter, dated 1472; a Monte dei Paschi branch in Siena’s historic city center; and shelves filled with old financial ledgers.
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the European Union and Mario Draghi, a former European Cen- tral Bank president and an ex- prime minister of Italy, to en- courage consolidation across borders and industries. Only then, he argued, can Europe think of building superbanks to better compete with American behemoths like JPMorgan Chase and Goldman Sachs. (JPMorgan is an M.&A. adviser to Intesa.) Italy has embraced the idea of combining financial institutions. “Italy’s banking sector is on the brink of a new M.&A. era,” ana- lysts at S&P Global Ratings wrote in a report in June after the Intesa bid was announced.
The Well is one of the new Miami buildings that are attracting single-family offices, includ- ing Tom Brady’s. Such offices, tracing their roots to the Rockefellers, have grown rapidly.
up and it’s a big deal, but it’s not a market changer,” said Brian Gale, the vice chairman of Cushman and Wake- field in Florida. “In Miami, because our market is so much smaller than New York or Chicago or Northern California, our rents went up two to three times” what they were before a huge wave of people moved to Miami during the pandemic, he said. Miami, West Palm Beach and Boca Raton already have the lowest rates of office vacancies among the largest national markets — even though Miami has the highest rates of office construc- tion in the United States, according to the Miami Association of Realtors. More high-net-worth individuals have migrated to Miami in recent years partly because there is no state income tax, at a time when California, New
Much More Than a Bank The prospect of a takeover of Monte dei Paschi, founded in 1472, has sent shock waves through Tuscany. The people of Siena, including the mayor, have come out especially hard against the Intesa bid, fearing it would mean the beginning of the end for their beloved bank. For ages, the bank has been the region’s primary employer and a major backer of local en- terprise. Its once-powerful chari- table foundation funded social services, community organiza- tions and the arts, including a hospital expansion in Siena and the city’s famed Palio, a bareback horse race pitting rival neighbor- hoods against one another for winner-take-all bragging rights. “Monte isn’t just a bank. It is history, it’s culture and the econ- omy,” said Claudio Marignani, a retired Monte dei Paschi employ- ee. In 2012, he founded Sena Civitas, a community organiza-
tion. He has called for his fellow senesi, as the locals are called, to rally publicly to show their sup- port for Monte dei Paschi’s inde- pendence. “We have great faith in Lo- vaglio, and around Lovaglio, there is great support from the community,” Mr. Marignani said in an interview at a bar in the city’s main square, Piazza del Campo. “But there is also fear for jobs, and for the identity of Si- ena.” The Roman Catholic church, too, has put the dealmakers on notice, saying any tie-up must protect the livelihoods of Italian families. Siena’s archdiocese wrote an open letter in July saying it will monitor negotia- tions, “trusting that even in market matters some degree of justice and charity is to be ex- pected.” Seeing the community rally around the bank is motivating, Mr. Lovaglio said. But ultimately
SCOTT McINTYRE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
York and Washington State — the tradi- tional hubs for the tech and finance industries — are proposing new levies on the ultrawealthy. Ken Griffin moved his personal resi- dence and the global headquarters of his hedge fund, Citadel, to Miami from Chicago in 2022. (He bought an entire city block in the Brickell financial dis- trict.) Mark Zuckerberg, Jeff Bezos and Mr. Brady have also all made Florida their home base. With these moves comes the need for family offices nearby. Mr. Brady’s family office, for example, is a roughly 15-minute drive from his home in Indian Creek Village, a neighborhood known as “Billionaire Bunker” in Miami-Dade County. Family offices vary in size, but they can often be lean operations with just one or two family members working
PHOTOGRAPHS BY PATRICK JUNKER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
the company’s fate lies in the hands of shareholders, the most powerful of which are far from Siena.
Contrasting World Views The senesi have been here be- fore. Five years ago, the bank was a nationalized lender and on life support. A white-knight deal, brokered by Rome, fell through. Then, in February 2022, an offi- cial in the Draghi government asked Mr. Lovaglio to take the top job. “When I was asked, I made the decision in five min- utes,” Mr. Lovaglio said. Eight months later, he and his team pulled off a €2.5 billion capital-raise that finally put Monte dei Paschi on sure finan- cial footing, lowering Rome’s stake from roughly 64 percent. (It’s less than 5 percent today.) Shares in the bank are up more than 475 percent since then, far outperforming the broader Euro- pean banking sector.
out of the space. On average, 15 em- ployees work in a family office, accord- ing to Deloitte’s report, but larger firms can have a staff of more than 20 people. Accounting firms, law offices and other white-collar firms that service family offices have taken notice and begun to open satellite branches around Miami to meet the demand. “The talent pool in Miami has grown significantly,” said Ricardo Gonzalez, an international director of wealth man- agement at UBS who is based in Miami. “The influx of experienced private bankers, investment professionals, tax experts, attorneys have made it very attractive for family offices.” Developers have been changing their tactics to attract attention. Some new projects, including the Well, are focused on distinct identities such as wellness or art. And some buildings are created for multiple family offices. “They all have a unique identity like you would find in New York City — SoHo is different than Midtown,” said Tere Blanca, the chief executive of Blanca, which represented the landlord and developer at the Well for several of the building’s signings. “Everyone decides what makes sense based on how aligned their brand is with that neighborhood,” she added. Even with the momentum, those paying attention to the real estate mar- ket in Miami don’t think the city will become the next Wall Street or Silicon Valley. “I don’t think Miami will ever com- pete with New York financial, I think they complement,” Mr. Tritt said. “Most of the families who live in California and New York that also live in Florida, I think they’re going to bifurcate.” As for Miami’s current injection of fortune, Mr. Tritt said: “Wealth attracts wealth.”
In a banking career that spans six decades, Mr. Lovaglio, 70, has never seen anything like the merger mania gripping the sec- tor, he said, or the reaction the Intesa bid has prompted. He listed his and the board’s objections: The proposed buyout undervalues Monte dei Paschi, would break up the ancient bank’s branch network and would hobble competition in the lending and insurance sectors. “How can you make an offer to break up the oldest bank in the world, a bank that was in the middle of a turnaround?” Mr. Lovaglio said, his voice rising only slightly. He continued, “I am concerned about too much con- centration, and whether it would impede the growth of small and medium-sized businesses.” Carlo Messina, Intesa’s chief executive, sees it differently. He told investors in June that the acquisition would create a Euro- pean banking giant, and be a win for customers and shareholders. He said the Mediobanca unit would transform Intesa into “the Italian UBS,” a reference to the giant Swiss bank. Mr. Lovaglio questions Mr. Messina’s pitch. He and the board haven’t decided their next move, but they have made clear they’re eager to explore an alter- native tie-up. Until Friday night, Banco BPM was looking like Monte dei Paschi’s preferred match. Even if they get the deal talks back on track, there’s another big player that could demand a seat at the table. Banco BPM’s big- gest investor is the French lend- er Crédit Agricole. On Friday, Clotilde L’Angevin, Crédit Agricole’s chief financial officer, told Bloomberg that the French bank was not going to sit by idly should Banco BPM and Monte dei Paschi pursue a tie-up. “We’re not necessarily the ones who are going to decide,” she said, “but nothing can be done without us. And nothing can be done against us.” Mr. Lovaglio won’t tip his hand as to the bank’s next move. But the drama playing out around the bank has reinforced his belief that “in order to be in a safe position, to be in a safe harbor, you should be bigger,” he said. As the afternoon wore on, Mr. Lovaglio left his advisers behind for some air. He headed to Si- ena’s Palazzo Pubblico, the stately brick town hall that houses the famous 14th-century frescoes by Ambrogio Lorenzetti depicting the effects of good and bad government. On one wall, the artist painted an orderly world where the alle- gorical figures of Justice, Tem- perance, Prudence, Strength and Peace stand watch. Next to it is a dire landscape. A devil-like figure presides over allegorical baddies, including Discord, War, Fraud and Anger. Mr. Lovaglio said he was al- ways moved by looking at Lo- renzetti’s contrasting world- views, the bleak versus the bright. “I find this really inspir- ing and motivating,” he said, staring intently as he considered his next move.
By ANNA GRIFFIN
GIRDWOOD, Alaska — On a cold, windy, wet summer evening last month, Pete Beachy giggled as he peered into his binoculars and prepared to do something even he admitted can seem very, very stupid. “There she is,” he muttered. “That’s a wave.” Parked along the Seward High- way in Alaska, Beachy had spot- ted the first hint of foam curving around Bird Point, 30 miles south- east of Anchorage, and heading
toward an inlet known as Turna- gain Arm. The “wave” was a tidal bore, a twice-daily surge of water formed when the incoming high tide from the Pacific Ocean is forced into the narrow arm of Cook Inlet against the outgoing current. The resulting breaker can reach 10 feet in height, with speeds of 10 to 15 miles per hour — and surfers can ride it for miles, if they are tough enough to withstand the cold and skilled enough to stay up- right.
Gulf of Alaska
50 MILES
THE NEW YORK TIMES Left, surfers waiting at Turnagain Arm for a tidal bore. Pete Beachy, right, said of the experience, “It’s magical, man.”
Just off the road south of Anchorage roars a challenge that got the best of Captain Cook, and could kill you.
“One moment, it’s still and you’re looking up at the moun- tains and eagles and goats, and the next, you feel like you have the entire ocean coming up behind you,” Beachy said. “It’s magical, man.” Hydrologists have documented more than 60 tidal bores world- wide, but only about a dozen are surfable. The Turnagain Arm bore is among the world’s most accessi- ble. The secret is getting out, to big-wave surfers seeking one of the world’s most unusual rides,
PHOTOGRAPHS BY KERRY TASKER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
and to a small but growing num- ber of Alaskans who have em- braced the homegrown extreme sport. The tourism agency in Gird- wood, a nearby ski town, posts tide charts on its website high- lighting the days with the biggest potential waves. Every newcomer increases the risk, and the fears the authorities will decide to shut surfers’ fun down. “Especially with Instagram and
PRESS ASSOCIATION, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
AMANDA PEDERSEN GISKE/NTB/AFP, VIA GETTY IMAGES
Laura McAllister, left, and Lise Klaveness, the only women in UEFA leadership, spurred a rebuke of FIFA’s head, Gianni Infantino.
The Women Shaking the Old Boys’ Club
By MEGAN FERINGA The Athletic
Aleksander Ceferin, the presi- dent of UEFA, speaks first. That’s the way in a crisis. And then the natural order: the treasurer and vice president, Sandor Csanyi; the English F.A. chief executive, Mark Bulling- ham. Male European soccer executives lined up on the video screen, queuing up to save world soccer. But then this emergency meet- ing of UEFA, European soccer’s governing body, convened in response to FIFA President Gianni Infantino’s plan to sell off stakes in its major soccer compe- titions to an investor group, takes a twist. Laura McAllister, another vice president and one of two women on the governing body’s 21-mem- ber executive committee, takes the microphone. She demands real action: a full boycott of FIFA competitions. Maybe this means little to you — the fact that on an emergency call of 150 individuals actively wrestling with what they con- sider to be a threat to soccer’s future, it is a woman who issues the call to arms. Maybe this seems perfectly normal. Maybe McAllister’s demand for a full-fledged boycott of soccer’s 122-year-old global governing body was always likely to accrue support at such a moment. And maybe some think the fact that it is the Norwegian Football Federation president, Lise Klave- ness — the only other woman on UEFA’s executive committee — who lays out the pathway to higher governance standards if a leadership change at FIFA is required, is also a coincidence. A quirk. But let’s be honest, that kind of thinking is ridiculous. There is something to be said about two women leading the
Megan Feringa covers soccer for The Athletic.
By CJ MOORE and BRENDAN MARKS The Athletic
The international players mar- ket in men’s college basketball has exploded. At the Final Four in April, all four teams had at least one international player in their rotation, with Arizona and Illinois starting multiple Europeans. For these overseas players’ eli- gibility, there had been a “we’ll fig- ure it out” vibe, and the N.C.A.A. had done nothing to discourage the migration. That changed May 8, when the N.C.A.A. sent guidance reiterat- ing that athletes who had previ- ously been paid above “actual and necessary expenses” would not be eligible to play college basketball. That emphasis was directed at older, more accomplished profes- sionals such as Quinn Ellis, a 23- year-old point guard who signed with St. John’s in the spring after starting 30 games this past season in EuroLeague, the top profes- sional league in the world outside the N.B.A. Now the status of many newcomers who played profes- sionally overseas, particularly those who earned a paycheck, is up in the air. Some are awaiting clearance from the N.C.A.A. be- fore moving to the United States, forcing them to miss summer practices. The tone from coaches has changed as the school year ap- proaches. In the late spring and early summer, most seemed to think that players such as Ellis would be cleared and the N.C.A.A. would hold off on stricter enforce- ment of the “actual and necessary expenses” requirement until 2027- 28. After all, most players had al- ready signed to play this upcom- ing season under the previous en- forcement. As of mid-July, many of those players had yet to be cleared.
Older, more accomplished professionals seem to be tar- geted, such as Quinn Ellis, 23, who signed with St. John’s.
COLLEGE BASKETBALL
resistance to the great World Cup sell-off, given how soccer has historically and systemically kept women at arm’s length. Yet according to multiple sources familiar with last Thurs- day’s emergency meeting, kept anonymous to protect relation- ships, no one besides Ceferin was more vocal about the need for seismic action than McAllister and Klaveness. That matters. Of the lessons to be gleaned from FIFA’s proposals and the subsequent standoff with soccer federations, one that will not seize headlines is the ever-in- creasing importance of having women in decision-making posi- tions, women specifically with backgrounds in soccer. McAllister and Klaveness are not merely powerful executives in their own right. They are respected former internationals (with Wales and Norway). That playing pedigree has helped as they have garnered respect and authority in governance and leadership during their time at UEFA, particularly around the principles and ethics that are supposed to underpin the game. McAllister and Klaveness represented their countries when their nations hardly represented them. McAllister was one of three women to lobby the Welsh F.A. to recognize the women’s national team in 1992. Klave- ness’s playing career lasted 14 years, earning her 73 caps and a trip to the Euro 2005 final. Mc- Allister pursued academia and governance after her playing career and Klaveness studied law, pursuits that were driven by passion and necessity, as soccer beyond playing was not an avail- able path. Eventually, however, both found their way back to the sport. By March 2022, Klaveness was elected as president of the Norwegian Football Federation, becoming the first woman to lead it in its 120-year history. McAllis- ter was the first Welsh person to win a seat on UEFA’s executive
STEFANO NICOLI/NURPHOTO VIA A.P.
JOHN LOCHER/ASSOCIATED PRESS
“It’s a lot of uncertainty, espe- cially now,” said a coach in the At- lantic Coast Conference, who, like the other coaches quoted in this story, spoke on the condition of an- onymity so he could speak freely about recruiting strategies with- out fear of retribution from the N.C.A.A. “I know a lot of coaches and a lot of teams don’t have their internationals, and don’t know when they’ll be here — or if they’ll get them at all, right?” An N.C.A.A. source who spoke on the condition of anonymity told The Athletic that one reason for the delay is that there is more ur- gency to work through the paper- work for international athletes participating in fall sports; wom- en’s soccer and tennis also have a large international contingent. The N.C.A.A. also does not publi- cize when an athlete is cleared. In- stead, it is up to the schools to an- nounce clearance — which many have not — breeding more uncer- tainty. Coaches who are trying to get their players cleared, or recruit- ing players who might be on the fringes of eligibility, say that the
committee in 2023, taking the one woman-designated space of the 21-member body. Two years later, McAllister had managed to expand UEFA’s number of wom- an-designated seats on its execu- tive committee to two. Klaveness took it. According to multiple sources, many within UEFA and FIFA initially found Klaveness’s con- frontational style challenging, which might help explain why, when she ran for a non-woman- designated seat on UEFA’s exec- utive committee in 2023, she lost. Klaveness has publicly chal- lenged the moral issues presented by the World Cup hosts Qatar (2022), the United States (2026, alongside Mexico
in leading UEFA against Infantino.
and Canada) and Saudi Arabia (2034). She called for an investi- gation into Israel — whom Nor- way was drawn against in World Cup qualification — stating that her federation could not remain indifferent to the civilian casu- alties in Gaza during the recent conflict there. In April 2026, she also called for the abolition of the FIFA Peace Prize that Infantino had awarded to President Trump. McAllister, too, has not shied from voicing the uncomfortable out loud, whether that is stand- ing up for L.G.B.T.Q. rights in Qatar, fighting for more female representatives throughout UEFA, or calling out corrosive ethics within the game. Those appeals have inevitably attracted enemies. But over the past two years, as soccer has grappled with endless moral quandaries, McAllister and Klaveness have come to be rec- ognized as ethical compasses. In
Some teams are starting to bring over players earlier, as Duke did with 17-year-old Joaquim Boumtje Boumtje, above. Top, Gon- zaga lost Mario Saint-Supery to the Spanish club Valencia.
holdup stems from how much an athlete has earned. Multiple coaches and the N.C.A.A. source said that where a player competed is taken into consideration. For in- stance, a player in Paris may have significantly higher “actual and necessary expenses” than some- one playing in a small, less expen- sive city. “They’re just scrutinizing that to a level that was not what hap-
MARTIN MEISSNER/ASSOCIATED PRESS
the aftermath of UEFA’s an- nounced boycott, it was notable that they were the main figures speaking to the news media, openly criticizing FIFA for “eco- nomic blackmail.” In one sense, McAllister and Klaveness had everything and simultaneously absolutely noth- ing to lose. The luxury of never having been invited into the old boys’ club is that you are not compelled to act according to its unspoken statutes, silent agree- ments or quiet politics. So at a moment when soccer sat gripped in the vise of one man’s greed, when many inside UEFA and FIFA did not know who was privy to the master plan, who else to trust but those who have always walked a con- spicuous line? What this means for the future of women in soccer governance remains to be seen. When The Athletic floated the idea that one of Klaveness or McAllister might be put forward for a higher lead- ership position, the response, from a source close to both wom- en, was candid: “Football isn’t ready for that.” But many within UEFA and FIFA hope this latest episode demonstrates once more the critical value of having compe- tent women in decision-making positions within soccer’s most powerful corridors. Only 10 of FIFA’s 211 member associations are led by female presidents. Of UEFA’s 21-mem- ber executive committee, only two spaces are designated for women. McAllister and Klaveness will be among the first to say that meaningful change is a slow burn, an act of patience and grit. But sometimes, it is also a matter of bravely sticking your head above the parapet. Out of necessity. Out of duty. Out of the familiar knowledge — shared with many women in soccer who have come before them — that this is the right thing to do, not the easy thing to do.
YAGIZ GURTUG/NURPHOTO, VIA A.P.
YAGIZ GURTUG/NURPHOTO, VIA A.P.
pened last year,” a Big 12 head coach said. The uncertainty is already re- shaping how programs approach recruiting overseas. In a poll of 25 high-major coaches at the annual Peach Jam, part of Nike’s Elite Youth Basketball League, most said their future efforts will be fo- cused on younger, high school-age athletes overseas. “So many of the older interna-
To Remain as U.S. Coach
By HENRY BUSHNELL The Athletic
Mauricio Pochettino will return as coach of the U.S. men’s national soccer team after agreeing to a new contract with U.S. Soccer, the federation announced on Monday. The deal runs through the 2030 World Cup. Pochettino’s first contract with U.S. Soccer expired after the 2026 World Cup. In addition to leading the U.S. men’s team into another World Cup cycle, he and his staff will “advise and support U.S. Soc- cer on the broader development of the full national team pathway, youth soccer, coaching education, professional league collaboration and other technical facets across the soccer community,” the feder- ation said in its release. Pochettino, speaking to a small group of U.S. reporters on Mon- day, relished the new beginnings of the 2030 cycle and reopened the door to all after whittling his play- er pool to 26 for this summer’s World Cup. His next camp is a joint September-October interna- tional window that lasts two weeks and consists of four friend- lies, whose details have yet to be announced. “Now it’s a fresh start,” he said. “It’s a good moment to refresh that mind-set, to refresh that cul- ture and philosophy, and to start to create a new era of U.S.A. soccer, U.S.A. men’s national team, think- ing that every player will have the possibility to join us if they per- form.” The news comes not long after Pochettino led the U.S. team on a World Cup run that swept up the nation but ultimately ended in dis- appointment. It mirrored his 22 months at the helm, which were rocky and difficult to assess. He was 17-12-2 in 31 matches (one draw resulted in a penalty shoot- out win in the Concacaf Gold Cup), including a 3-2-0 mark at the World Cup and an 0-2-0 record against Mexico. After taking charge in the fall of 2024 and engineering a rebuild throughout 2025, Pochettino seemingly had the team on course for a special summer. He was of- fered a contract extension even before he led the United States to the top of its World Cup group with a game to spare. But then, in the most conse- quential game, the round-of-16 showdown with Belgium, his team flopped. It endured the program’s worst World Cup defeat in 36 years, losing, 4-1. Amid U.S. Soccer’s interest, Pochettino remained open to his multiple options. He hinted that
Henry Bushnell is a senior writer for The Athletic covering soccer.
U.C.L.A.’s Nikola Kusturica, 17, is projected to be a lottery pick as early as the 2028 N.B.A. draft, as is Boumtje Boumtje.
tional kids have been siphoned off already,” an A.C.C. assistant coach said. “There’s just not that many left that haven’t come over. So I think the eligibility issues are go- ing to be less and less because it’s going to be much more 18-year- olds.” The new trend is bringing play- ers over earlier, as Duke has done with Joaquim Boumtje Boumtje and U.C.L.A. with Nikola Kus- turica, both 17-year-olds who will probably play at least two years of college basketball because they are not eligible for the N.B.A. draft until 2028. Both are projected to be lottery picks. Those younger players tend to draw less N.C.A.A. scrutiny be- cause international clubs rarely give big salaries to young players. The N.C.A.A.’s new age-based eli- gibility model, which starts a stu- dent-athlete’s clock the year after turning 19 or graduating high school, also incentivizes getting those players earlier. “I think it will come to some re- alization of what pro athletes look like through their contracts,” a Big Ten coach said. “And we’ll all treat
he was interested in eventually re- turning to European club soccer, where he spent the first two dec- ades of his coaching career. But over the past couple of weeks, he chose to continue with the U.S. team. The terms of his agreement with U.S. Soccer — and specifi- cally the language around buy- outs or early termination — were not disclosed. The assumption has been that retaining Pochettino would re- quire a similar or more lucrative salary than the one U.S. Soccer paid him over the past 22 months. Pochettino made several million dollars per year, including a $2.5 million signing bonus, per U.S. Soccer tax filings.
STEVEN BISIG/IMAGN IMAGES
Mauricio Pochettino’s new contract runs through 2030.
It was a record outlay for the federation, and was “supported in significant part by a philanthropic leadership gift” from the billion- aire Ken Griffin, the federation said. “Additional support,” it add- ed, was provided by Scott Good- win, a co-founder of Diameter Capital; and by “several commer- cial partners.” In the buildup to 2030, Pochet- tino will have at least two years until his next major tournament, which would be the 2028 Copa América, if the United States is in- vited or hosts it. The rest of his competitive games will be within Concacaf. There will be two Gold Cups, two Nations Leagues and World Cup qualifying. Pochettino will be the fifth U.S. men’s coach of the 21st century to get a chance to lead the team through a second World Cup cy- cle. Three of the previous four — Bob Bradley, Jürgen Klinsmann and Gregg Berhalter — were fired midway through the second cycle. The fourth, Bruce Arena, made it to the 2006 World Cup, but his team was eliminated in the group stage without a win.
them the same internationally. And the age limit will help.” Agents overseas are already sending their top prospects to the United States earlier because of the pay-for-play model. However, the market overseas could be ad- justing as well. Gonzaga point guard Mario Saint-Supery re- cently signed what is believed to be a multimillion-dollar, four-year deal with the Spanish club Valen- cia. Several coaches thought that was more likely a one-off example than a possible trend, but it is something to monitor during the next few cycles. Gonzaga is one of a handful of programs that once dominated in- ternational recruiting, but the market has become more compet- itive in recent years, with a bigger pool of players entering the pipe- line. While most coaches believe there is more talent in the United States, a few said that the quality of top players in Europe matches the United States for the next few classes. “You have some studs in Eu- rope that I think all of us will be in some dogfights over,” one A.C.C. assistant said. Those top prospects will proba- bly demand prices similar to top prospects playing here, but an is- sue one coach said he is starting to experience with agents overseas is a misunderstanding of the mar- ket. “I think one of the things that agents in the European basketball community can struggle with is, ‘Wait, my 18-year-old isn’t ready to compete in an under-24 league?’” the first A.C.C. assistant said. “They don’t quite under- stand that we’re not going to pay or play your 18-year-old right now, and it’s not because we don’t think he’s good — it’s just that he’s not ready.” Those agents will probably still send their players to colleges, even for a lower rate than their older clients get, because it is still more than what their clubs can af- ford overseas.
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Cheryl Reeve, the coach of the Minnesota Lynx, spoke exten- sively over the weekend on the controversy now involving Sophie Cunningham, the Indiana Fever guard who recently said that ex- cluding transgender athletes from women’s sports is “common sense.” Ahead of her team’s 108-100 vic- tory on Sunday against the Fever in Minneapolis, and anticipating another rally supporting Cun- ningham around and inside Tar- get Center, Reeve on Saturday de- fended the demonstrators’ right to assemble while also declaring the need to find common ground in the debate over transgender par- ticipation in women’s sports. “I don’t think we should feel like our safe space is being threat- ened,” Reeve said of the demon- strators. “That’s what I enjoy about the W.N.B.A. And I think we have to continue to safeguard that. I don’t think these demon-
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Devon Henderson is a staff writer for The Athletic.
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After a brief return to drier and less humid air today, the humidity will begin to increase again on Thursday as another surge of moisture pushes up from the Southeast States. An increase in showers and thunderstorms will result through the weekend, especially up into the interior Northeast. Showers will likely be more isolated along the coast late this week with some sunshine as well.
TODAY .........................................Partly sunny High 84. Dry weather will return with a partly sunny sky and less humidity in the air. Winds will be out of the northeast in the morning at 3-6 miles per hour, becoming out of the east-southeast in the afternoon.
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Cities High/low temperatures for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday, Eastern time, and precipitation (in inches) for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday. Expected conditions for today and tomorrow.
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Yesterday................................................................... 10 So far this month........................................................ 38 So far this season (since January 1) ........................ 798 Normal to date for the season ................................. 738
S .............................Sun Sn ....................... Snow SS .......... Snow showers T............ Thunderstorms Tr ......................... Trace W ........................ Windy –............... Not available Recreational Forecast
C ........................ Clouds F............................. Fog H .......................... Haze I............................... Ice PC ............. Partly cloudy R ........................... Rain Sh ................... Showers
N.Y.C. region Yesterday Today Tomorrow 84/ 72 PC 83/ 72 T Bridgeport 78/ 74 0.97 83/ 67 PC 82/ 73 T Caldwell 77/ 73 1.84 86/ 66 PC 84/ 73 T Danbury 77/ 73 1.73 84/ 60 PC 84/ 71 PC Islip 78/ 75 1.91 84/ 66 PC 82/ 74 T Newark 78/ 73 2.31 87/ 71 PC 85/ 75 T Trenton 80/ 72 2.19 85/ 64 PC 82/ 72 T White Plains 76/ 72 0.79 83/ 64 PC 82/ 72 T
New York City 76/ 73 73 1.67
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Albany 82/ 60 0.10 84/ 63 S 86/ 67 PC Albuquerque 102/ 74 0.04 100/ 72 T 100/ 72 PC Anchorage 62/ 55 0.07 63/ 57 C 66/ 55 C Atlanta 85/ 72 0.06 85/ 72 T 86/ 73 T Atlantic City 81/ 68 0.56 81/ 71 T 80/ 75 T Austin 101/ 74 0 99/ 77 S 101/ 77 S Baltimore 86/ 68 0.04 85/ 72 T 83/ 72 T Baton Rouge 92/ 72 0 94/ 75 T 94/ 73 T Birmingham 85/ 69 0.07 87/ 71 T 88/ 73 S Boise 84/ 54 0 89/ 61 PC 97/ 64 PC Boston 78/ 67 0.72 86/ 67 PC 83/ 70 PC Buffalo 79/ 56 0.02 82/ 62 S 86/ 68 PC Burlington 82/ 62 0.45 88/ 62 S 88/ 69 PC Casper 81/ 49 0 81/ 46 PC 89/ 49 S Charlotte 89/ 72 0.30 81/ 72 T 86/ 71 T Chattanooga 84/ 71 0.03 86/ 70 T 86/ 71 T Chicago 83/ 65 0 84/ 70 S 81/ 68 T Cincinnati 81/ 61 0 85/ 68 PC 86/ 69 C Cleveland 77/ 52 0 81/ 62 S 85/ 69 T Colorado Springs 99/ 58 0.04 80/ 54 T 86/ 56 PC Columbus 83/ 59 0 87/ 67 S 88/ 69 T Concord, N.H. 81/ 59 0.45 88/ 55 S 88/ 63 PC Dallas-Ft. Worth 101/ 80 0 102/ 81 S 102/ 80 S Denver 102/ 56 0.04 78/ 56 T 85/ 60 S Des Moines 87/ 67 0 79/ 62 T 70/ 56 T Detroit 83/ 61 0 83/ 61 S 86/ 66 PC El Paso 102/ 78 0.10 104/ 78 T 102/ 79 PC Fargo 84/ 53 0.18 74/ 51 PC 83/ 59 PC Hartford 79/ 60 0.60 86/ 62 PC 86/ 68 C Honolulu 88/ 76 0.09 88/ 76 Sh 88/ 77 Sh Houston 99/ 79 0 98/ 79 S 97/ 76 S Indianapolis 83/ 63 0 85/ 64 S 84/ 68 S Jackson 90/ 69 0 93/ 69 PC 97/ 72 S Jacksonville 85/ 74 0.30 92/ 74 T 91/ 75 T Kansas City 89/ 67 0 90/ 69 S 81/ 63 T Key West 91/ 82 0 90/ 83 T 90/ 83 T Las Vegas 115/ 88 0 114/ 87 S 112/ 89 S Lexington 83/ 63 0 88/ 68 PC 88/ 69 T
strators are not being peaceful, or not that I’ve seen.” She added, “I haven’t heard ev- erything that’s happening, but ev- eryone has a right to peacefully assemble, right?” As the league-leading Lynx, now 25-6, prepared to host the Fe- ver, much of Reeve’s talk after practice on Saturday centered on Cunningham and the rallies sup- porting her outside Fever games in Seattle and Portland last week. The rallies were sparked by Cunningham’s comments in a re- cently published ESPN profile, in which she said she wanted to pro- tect “young girls in sport who shouldn’t have to go against bio- logical men.” Reeve pushed back against the “biological men” part of those comments, but also did not out- right dismiss Cunningham’s views. “We have some issues,” she added. “No. 1, we need to protect trans kids. Every kid — to me, it’s a human rights issue. Every kid has a right to sports regardless of gender diverse, transgender. “Now, what gets nuanced is
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Little Rock 92/ 70 0 94/ 72 S 99/ 75 S Los Angeles 89/ 68 0 88/ 67 S 85/ 68 S Louisville 83/ 66 0 88/ 71 PC 90/ 71 PC Memphis 88/ 71 0 90/ 71 S 92/ 74 S Miami 91/ 79 0.85 91/ 79 T 91/ 79 T Milwaukee 78/ 64 0 83/ 69 S 76/ 64 T Mpls.-St. Paul 87/ 65 0 78/ 59 T 82/ 62 PC Nashville 86/ 67 0.04 88/ 71 PC 90/ 71 T New Orleans 91/ 76 0 93/ 78 T 93/ 78 T Norfolk 88/ 75 0.37 82/ 75 T 87/ 75 T Oklahoma City 99/ 71 0 103/ 74 S 102/ 73 S Omaha 91/ 69 0 77/ 61 T 73/ 56 T Orlando 89/ 76 0.22 90/ 75 T 90/ 74 T Philadelphia 86/ 69 0.66 88/ 71 PC 85/ 75 T Phoenix 115/ 92 0.01 111/ 91 PC 109/ 91 PC Pittsburgh 80/ 56 0 85/ 68 PC 87/ 70 T Portland, Me. 73/ 61 0.65 87/ 59 S 82/ 63 PC Portland, Ore. 89/ 59 0 98/ 63 PC 102/ 65 PC Providence 78/ 63 2.70 86/ 63 PC 84/ 70 PC Raleigh 89/ 74 0.30 80/ 73 T 89/ 74 T Reno 95/ 62 0 100/ 66 S 103/ 67 S Richmond 86/ 72 0.30 82/ 73 T 87/ 72 T Rochester 77/ 54 0.18 82/ 61 S 86/ 67 PC Sacramento 105/ 62 0 101/ 60 S 99/ 59 S Salt Lake City 91/ 66 0 92/ 64 PC 95/ 68 PC San Antonio 99/ 78 0 99/ 79 S 99/ 79 S San Diego 79/ 70 0 78/ 70 PC 78/ 69 PC San Francisco 79/ 58 0 74/ 59 S 73/ 58 S San Jose 90/ 61 0 85/ 60 S 85/ 61 S San Juan 90/ 80 0 91/ 78 T 91/ 78 Sh Seattle 77/ 60 0 87/ 61 PC 90/ 61 PC Sioux Falls 89/ 57 Tr 72/ 51 T 80/ 58 PC Spokane 78/ 54 0 84/ 58 PC 90/ 61 PC St. Louis 84/ 67 0 90/ 71 S 92/ 73 PC St. Thomas 90/ 81 0.04 91/ 81 T 91/ 81 PC Syracuse 77/ 59 0.09 85/ 62 S 89/ 69 PC Tampa 86/ 79 1.42 87/ 78 T 91/ 78 T Toledo 83/ 56 0 85/ 58 S 88/ 66 PC Tucson 106/ 82 0.14 103/ 81 T 100/ 81 PC Tulsa 96/ 73 0 101/ 78 S 102/ 75 S Virginia Beach 86/ 75 0.54 81/ 75 T 83/ 77 T Washington 88/ 71 0.29 86/ 74 T 85/ 75 T Wichita 97/ 71 0 98/ 72 PC 94/ 68 T Wilmington, Del. 85/ 66 0.93 87/ 69 PC 81/ 73 T
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when you’re beyond puberty, when you’re in Olympic sport, when we have scholarships at stake and that sort of thing. That’s where I say that common-sense people get together, and you find common ground to find a way to be inclusive. The answer isn’t no. It is not the case that we have ‘bio- logical men in girls’ locker rooms,’ the way it’s being phrased, the in- nuendo there that somehow trans- gender women are predators.” She added: “There’s a lot of nar- rative that is problematic that we need to address. That is simply not what’s happening.” Reeve, a 17-year coach in Min- nesota with four W.N.B.A. titles, placed the onus on W.N.B.A. lead- ership to ensure the league re- mained an inclusive space while also maintaining safety amid in- creasingly divisive conversations. “I’m quite sure that they have eyes on and ears on to make sure that it’s a safe space for everyone,” Reeve said. “And that’s what makes our league beautiful.” In the wake of Cunningham’s comments, the rallies have creat- ed tension between demonstra-
Meteorology by AccuWeather
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Weather patterns shown as expected at noon today, Eastern time.
An area of high pressure will shift to the east today with dry and sunny weather from New England to the Ohio Valley. To the south, thunderstorms will drench the Southeast States. The heaviest storms will occur during the afternoon and will be capable of producing flooding, particularly in low-lying and poor-drainage areas. Elsewhere, a slow-moving batch of storms will drench portions of Minnesota, Iowa and South Dakota. Outside of spotty storms in the South- west deserts, the rest of the nation will be dry. Heat will expand west of the Rocky Mountains as temperatures climb to 5-15 degrees above the 30-year average. Cooler air will advance into the Midwest and Northeast. It will be dry but humid and rather warm from Texas to Missouri.
New Delhi 94/ 82 0.62 86/ 77 T 89/ 79 R Riyadh 114/ 85 0 113/ 90 PC 113/ 89 PC Seoul 97/ 77 0 99/ 82 T 98/ 81 PC Shanghai 101/ 82 0 94/ 83 T 93/ 82 Sh Singapore 91/ 81 0.02 91/ 80 T 92/ 80 T Sydney 73/ 48 0.02 67/ 45 S 66/ 44 S Taipei City 95/ 81 0.05 97/ 78 PC 96/ 79 T Tehran 93/ 77 0 97/ 79 PC 99/ 79 PC Tokyo 81/ 75 0.07 83/ 75 PC 87/ 78 T
Europe Yesterday Ye Y Today Tomorrow To T
Amsterdam 88/ 64 0 89/ 68 S 77/ 62 S Athens 95/ 78 0 95/ 76 S 96/ 79 S Berlin 86/ 57 0 91/ 70 Sh 89/ 68 T Brussels 91/ 63 0 86/ 65 Sh 80/ 57 Sh Budapest 100/ 73 0 103/ 67 PC 105/ 69 PC Copenhagen 73/ 55 0 74/ 64 PC 81/ 61 Sh Dublin 72/ 57 0 75/ 54 Sh 64/ 49 W Edinburgh 63/ 54 0.06 68/ 58 R 67/ 53 Sh Frankfurt 97/ 70 0 97/ 69 PC 92/ 66 S Geneva 91/ 70 0.02 89/ 65 T 91/ 64 T Helsinki 68/ 57 0 70/ 50 Sh 67/ 61 Sh Istanbul 90/ 75 0 91/ 73 S 90/ 73 S Kyiv 91/ 66 0 93/ 70 S 96/ 74 S Lisbon 79/ 68 0.25 83/ 68 PC 83/ 66 S London 90/ 63 0 85/ 63 PC 79/ 55 S Madrid 91/ 73 0 94/ 67 S 98/ 70 S Moscow 75/ 61 0.02 78/ 61 PC 82/ 62 PC Nice 88/ 81 0 87/ 75 PC 89/ 77 S Oslo 70/ 45 0 71/ 55 C 68/ 59 C Paris 97/ 70 0 89/ 66 PC 86/ 60 S Prague 90/ 61 0 96/ 68 T 92/ 68 T Rome 91/ 75 0 93/ 72 S 92/ 71 PC St. Petersburg 70/ 58 0 70/ 59 PC 75/ 65 PC Stockholm 68/ 54 0 72/ 57 PC 70/ 61 R Vienna 100/ 66 0 103/ 74 S 102/ 75 S Warsaw 84/ 66 0 90/ 68 T 103/ 69 T
North America Yesterday Ye Y Today To T Tomorrow To T
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Acapulco 83/ 76 0.12 93/ 78 C 94/ 79 T Bermuda 86/ 77 0.03 87/ 79 S 88/ 79 S Edmonton 58/ 46 Tr 75/ 51 PC 74/ 48 PC Guadalajara 76/ 59 0.04 86/ 61 T 85/ 63 T Havana 91/ 75 0 91/ 73 R 91/ 74 R Kingston 91/ 81 0 93/ 81 W 93/ 80 PC Martinique 90/ 81 0 91/ 77 T 92/ 78 T Mexico City 74/ 57 0 79/ 57 R 78/ 58 R Monterrey 83/ 70 0 94/ 70 T 94/ 70 T Montreal 73/ 70 0.73 84/ 62 S 84/ 68 C Nassau 90/ 79 0.12 90/ 81 T 90/ 80 T Panama City 88/ 78 0 89/ 76 R 87/ 75 R Quebec City 73/ 68 0.42 83/ 60 S 84/ 61 S Santo Domingo 91/ 74 0 93/ 75 S 89/ 74 R Toronto 78/ 63 0.16 81/ 61 S 83/ 65 PC Vancouver 65/ 54 0 77/ 59 S 77/ 59 S Winnipeg 72/ 54 0.01 70/ 51 PC 77/ 54 PC
tors and figures around the league. Celeste Keaton, a Seattle Storm owner, was suspended from attending five home Storm games and fined an undisclosed amount by the W.N.B.A. after two teenage girls wearing shirts de- picting XX and XY chromosomes said Keaton cursed at them. The Storm later apologized in a state- ment, saying in part that “every- one who attends a Storm game de- serves to feel welcome.” On Saturday, Reeve said she urged league leadership years ago to proactively establish where it stood on transgender participa- tion in women’s sports, rather than reacting after it became a na- tional conversation. “I encouraged the W.N.B.A. leadership: What’s our stance? What are we going to do when this occurs? Are we going to be ready? Are we going to be reactionary?” Reeve said. “And so I think it would make sense for our league to be leaders in this space. I’ve chosen to educate myself about the space. I’ve chosen to listen to transgender families, and what I know is exclusion is not the an- swer.”
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ningham, who opposes trans athletes in women’s sports.
Reeve also expressed a desire to shift more attention toward is- sues she believes affect more peo- ple. “The issue isn’t as big as the is- sues that we have in women’s sports,” she said of transgender participation. “Whether it’s cis- gender men that have held us down for years in spaces like be- ing able to have access to facilities
TONIGHT ....................................Partly cloudy Low 72. High pressure will remain in con- trol of the weather across the Northeast, allowing for dry conditions to continue with a partly cloudy sky. Winds will be light and variable.
TOMORROW .............A thunderstorm around High 83. There will be intervals of clouds and sunshine with a thunderstorm in spots in the afternoon. Winds will remain light and out of the southeast at 3-6 m.p.h. Temperatures will be near average.
THURSDAY ...................A stray thunderstorm High 88. Sunshine will be interrupted by clouds on occasion, and a thunderstorm will occur in one or two spots. There will be much more humidity in the air than recent days.
FRIDAY SATURDAY .......................Partly sunny Friday Friday will be partly sunny with a couple of afternoon showers and a thunderstorm. High 89. The sky will be mostly cloudy on Saturday with a stray afternoon thunder- storm. High 88.
In Central Park, for the 13 hours ended at 1 p.m. yesterday.
1 p.m.
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SUN. YESTERDAY
Midnight 76°
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12 a.m.
Avg. daily departure Avg. daily departure from normal from normal this month ............. +0.1° this year.................. -0.2°
Reservoir levels (New York City water supply)
Yesterday ............... 91% Est. normal ............. 90%
Sun, Moon and Planets
Moon
Last Quarter New First Quarter Full
Aug. 5 Aug. 12 Aug. 19 Aug. 28
1:36 p.m.
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6 a.m.
RISE 5:55 a.m. SET 8:08 p.m. NEXT R 5:56 a.m.
Jupiter
R 5:33 a.m. S 7:56 p.m.
Saturn
S 11:17 a.m. R 10:47 p.m.
Boating
From Montauk Point to Sandy Hook, N.J., out to 20 nautical miles, including Long Island Sound and New York Harbor. Winds will be from the north at 5-10 knots, becoming out of the southeast in the afternoon. Waves will be 1 foot or less on New York Harbor and Long Island Sound and 4-6 feet on the open ocean.
High Tides
Atlantic City .................. 12:04 p.m. ......................... --- Barnegat Inlet ............... 12:21 p.m. ......................... --- The Battery ................... 12:14 a.m. ............ 12:50 p.m. Beach Haven .................. 1:12 a.m. .............. 1:46 p.m. Bridgeport ...................... 3:37 a.m. .............. 3:59 p.m. City Island ....................... 3:21 a.m. .............. 3:44 p.m. Fire Island Lt. ................ 12:40 a.m. .............. 1:14 p.m. Montauk Point ................ 1:17 a.m. .............. 1:56 p.m. Northport ....................... 3:43 a.m. .............. 4:07 p.m. Port Washington ............. 3:30 a.m. .............. 3:55 p.m. Sandy Hook .................. 12:28 p.m. ......................... --- Shinnecock Inlet ........... 12:22 p.m. ......................... --- Stamford ........................ 3:38 a.m. .............. 4:02 p.m. Tarrytown ....................... 2:03 a.m. .............. 2:39 p.m. Willets Point .................... 3:23 a.m. .............. 3:44 p.m.
and uniforms and locker rooms, all the things that these young girls that are sitting at games with anti-trans signs, do they under- stand actually what the real prob- lems are and how they’re being marginalized? “We’re still not in a space where we have equality. We don’t even have the Equal Rights Amend- ment in all 50 states, right?”
T F S S M T
High High Actual Forecast range
Low Low
Yesterday ............... 1.67 Record .................... 2.44
Record high 97° (2005)
For the last 30 days Actual ..................... 6.32 Normal.................... 4.56
For the last 365 days Actual ................... 38.97 Normal.................. 49.52
high 85° Normal
LAST 30 DAYS Air pressure
High ........... 29.81 1 a.m. Low ............ 29.75 5 a.m.
low 70° Normal
73° 6 a.m.
Cooling Degree Days
An index of fuel consumption that tracks how far the day's mean temperature rose above 65
(1927) low 55° Record
Trends Temperature Precipitation Average Average Below Below Above Above
Last 10 days 30 days 90 days 365 days
Chart shows how recent temperature and precipitation trends compare with those of the last 30 years.
Beach and Ocean Temperatures
Today’s forecast
85/59 Mostly sunny and warmer Kennebunkport
S 12:12 p.m. R 10:51 p.m. S 1:24 p.m.
83/63 Partly sunny Cape Cod
Mars
R 2:12 a.m. S 5:15 p.m.
85/67 A mix of sun and clouds L.I. North Shore
Venus
R 9:50 a.m. S 9:59 p.m.
83/72 Partly sunny L.I. South Shore
81/71 A thunderstorm around N.J. Shore
85/72 An afternoon thunderstorm Eastern Shore
79/73 An afternoon thunderstorm Ocean City Md.
81/75 Heavy thunderstorms Virginia Beach
ABBIE PARR/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Record highs
W T F S
Normal highs
Normal lows
Record lows
High ........... 100% 1 a.m. Low .............. 96% 3 a.m.
Color bands indicate water temperature.
By JOSH KENDALL The Athletic
FLOWERY BRANCH, Ga. — Kevin Stefanski entered training camp facing one of the biggest jobs in professional football: stop- ping the N.F.L.’s second-longest active streak of losing seasons and getting the Atlanta Falcons back to the playoffs. The chal- lenge comes two decades after he started his career with the Minne- sota Vikings, saddled with the smallest jobs in football. “You know the totem pole? I was underneath the totem pole,” Stefanski said. “I was not visible on the totem pole.” Stefanski stocked Gatorades in the locker room coolers — labels had to be facing out, he remem- bers. He delivered fine letters to players and often had to tap them on the shoulder to say, “Coach wants to see you; bring your play- book.” Brad Childress, the Vikings’ head coach in those days, said Ste- fanski never complained. Childress hired Stefanski as his assistant in 2006. Not assistant head coach, but assistant to the head coach. It’s a job title Chil- dress stole from Andy Reid, and its responsibilities were “what- ever the head coach tells you to do that day.” “When I gave those guys a job,” Childress said, “I told them the same thing Andy told me: ‘If I give you a job, just know it’s important, and do it better than I’d do it.’ To me, Kevin exemplified that.” When Stefanski survived the worst of the jobs, he was handed more responsibility — like team weatherman. It was his job to tell Childress, depending on the fore- cast, if the Vikings should practice indoors or out. Stefanski had three Minneapolis meteorologists on speed dial. “I would ask them, ‘We’ve got practice at 11:30. What are you thinking?’” Stefanski said. He still remembers drawing Steve Hutchinson’s wrath for moving practice inside on what turned out to be “a gorgeous day.” “I have PTSD from those types of decisions,” he said. “Luckily, we have better apps now.” Stefanski made enough correct calls, though, that he was soon plotting Minnesota’s strategy for instant replay challenges and holding the red flag for Childress on the sideline. Leslie Frazier, the Vikings’ as- sistant head coach and defensive coordinator at the time, marveled at all the scenarios Stefanski presented during his challenge flag presentation to the coaches. “It didn’t matter what job you gave him, he was going to work as hard as he could to make it a ‘Mona Lisa,’” Frazier said. “When you see guys like that, you like to believe they have a great future.” Through much of his time in that job with the Vikings, Stefan-
Josh Kendall is a senior writer cov- ering the Falcons for The Athletic.
With Whittingham, Michigan Finally Has an Adult in the Room
By AUSTIN MEEK The Athletic
CHICAGO — Kyle Whitting- ham arrived at Big Ten media days as the new face of a Michi- gan program that has been offer- ing a master class in reputational mismanagement. Scandals. Investigations. N.C.A.A. infractions. A coach who had an affair with his execu- tive assistant, and then was arrested. Whittingham, one of the steadiest coaches in college football during his 21 seasons at Utah, is here to wipe things clean. If Whittingham did not grasp the magnitude of that job when he was hired, he does now. Whittingham’s first preseason camp arrives amid headlines about an investigation into his predecessor, Sherrone Moore, and the culture of the athletic department. Warde Manuel, the athletic director who hired Whit- tingham, is stepping down at the end of the year with a $7.2 mil- lion buyout. Seven months into the job, Whittingham is about to become one of the most en- trenched figures in the Michigan leadership structure. There is no ambiguity about why Whittingham is there. Sure, he was hired to win football games, something he did with regularity at Utah. But job No. 1 is to, in his words, “put the drama to bed.” That has seemed to be an impossible task at Mich-
COLLEGE FOOTBALL
ski lived in an apartment that in- cluded an air mattress, a televi- sion sitting on a cardboard box and a menu of only cereal and milk. But he was rarely there any- way. He was out living his dream. “There are so many things I love about our sport,” Stefanski said. “I think it’s the best game there is, and I remind our players, it is a kid’s game, and they all fell in love with it at a very young age.” Stefanski did as an 8-year-old in Philadelphia, playing for the Con- estoga Generals and cheering for Buddy Ryan’s Eagles. “I can vividly remember taking a plain white T-shirt and having my mom write No. 92 in green on the back,” Stefanski said. “Reggie White was my favorite player. I loved him.” Stefanski grew up tailing his fa- ther around high school and col- lege basketball gyms in Pennsyl-
igan, but Whittingham offered at least one reason to think it is possible. “The drama was not player- driven,” Whittingham said last week. “The players are doing what they’re supposed to do. Knock on wood — because as soon as I say something, all hell will break loose — they’re living their lives the right way, and they’re accountable. Unfortu-
and counting on a quarterback to reach his full potential.
nately, the drama came from the adults.” Whittingham is exactly right. Michigan’s problems came from people who were supposed to know better: coaches, adminis- trators and university leaders. To fix the problem, the Wolverines did not need to run off a bunch of players or rebuild the culture of the locker room. They just needed some new adults in the room. Now they have one. Whitting- ham is as steadfast as college coaches come. His late-career move to Michigan after so many years in charge at Utah is a gamble for both sides, but there is little risk that he will embar- rass the program the way others have.
DALE ZANINE/IMAGN IMAGES
vania. Ed Stefanski was a stand- out at Penn in basketball and a 10th-round draft pick by the 76ers who went on to be the general manager of the 76ers and the New Jersey Nets. “I feel like I was raised in the high school gyms and at the Pales- tra,” Stefanski said of the historic Penn Quakers arena. He said he played “all the sports” but fell in love with foot- ball. His own playing career ex- hausted its potential after four years at Penn, where he was hon- orable mention All-Ivy League as a sophomore. “What is it? Those who can’t do it, teach . . . or coach,” Stefanski said. After one year in football opera- tions at his alma mater, Stefanski got his opportunity with Chil- dress. “He was just a tireless worker
Whittingham is coming into a loaded league that will not give Michigan an easy path back to national relevance. That was illustrated by the huge media throng surrounding Indiana Coach Curt Cignetti, just one table away from where Whitting- ham spoke to a slightly smaller crowd. If nothing else, Michigan un- der Whittingham will have struc- ture and discipline. A little more of both could have helped the Wolverines immensely over the past two years. “That’s just what I’ve always done,” Whittingham said. “That’s been part of our culture forever, being disciplined and structured. Players, in my opinion, thrive on structure and discipline.” Whittingham quoted Mack Brown, a former Texas coach, saying the best part of the job is from “the day you get hired to the first game.” A coach who takes over a team in turmoil, as Whittingham did, gets points for not being the last guy. That lasts only so long, and ultimately, every coach is judged by what happens on the field. So it will be with Whittingham. All of the structure and discipline in the world will not spare him from criticism if Michigan loses four games this year, which is a distinct possibility with a sched- ule that includes Ohio State, Oregon, Indiana and Oklahoma. Three years removed from a national championship — and the program’s last trip to the College Football Playoff — Michigan fans
After six seasons as head coach of the Cleveland Browns, Kevin Stefanski was hired by the Atlanta Falcons, one of the N.F.L.’s losingest franchises. Running back Bijan Robinson, left, should be a key element in the coach’s run-heavy offense.
and a very smart guy,” Childress said. “He saw things over the hori- zon that were about to come. After a couple years, he wanted to get into coaching.” For the next 11 years, Stefanski climbed the ladder in Minnesota, from assistant quarterbacks coach in 2009 to offensive coordi- nator in 2019. He worked under Bill Musgrave, Norv Turner and Pat Shurmur and developed what has become a lifelong relationship with the Kubiaks, father Gary and sons Klint, Klay and Klein. Stefan- ski has joked that he sometimes considers himself the fourth Ku- biak brother. “Got the K thing,” he said. Gary and Klint Kubiak came to Minnesota in 2019 after Gary left Denver. The elder Kubiak became the assistant head coach and of- fensive adviser, while his eldest son, who this year was named the Raiders’ head coach, became Ste- fanski’s quarterbacks coach. “We sat in an office about as big as this table, and Kevin showed me the ropes,” Klint Kubiak said while sitting at a small banquet ta- ble at the league’s annual meeting this year. “I have always been re- ally close to Kevin and appreciate him for really helping develop me as a head coach.” Stefanski used that year to cram the Kubiak tenets into an of- fensive philosophy that started in Bill Walsh’s West Coast style and
Coach Kyle Whittingham after the spring game. He said that his job was to “put the drama to bed.”
will be patient, but only to a point. Whittingham’s base line for success in Year 1 might strike some Michigan fans as under- whelming. He talked about play- ing “meaningful games in No- vember” but stopped short of saying that Michigan ought to be in the playoff. “We’ve got some work to do in the depth department in a few positions,” he said. “I think in a year or two, we’ll be about where we need to be across the board. I don’t want to paint the picture that the cupboard was left bare because it wasn’t. A lot of good players in our program, but we’re going to have to see how everyone adapts to the new schemes, the new culture.”
MIKE STEWART/ASSOCIATED PRESS
tacked on pieces throughout the years. “You get stereotyped — this is what he does, or this is what he runs — but your system has to be such that you can branch off in a lot of directions,” Gary Kubiak said. “You can’t have a playbook and say, ‘That’s what we do,’ and run it for 18 weeks.” He added: “What you have to do is have a system in place that
no bitterness about his time in Cleveland.
allows you to branch off in a lot of directions.” The Vikings did well enough to get Stefanski the head coaching job in Cleveland. In six years with the Browns, his core offensive be- liefs surfaced. During his time there, Cleveland was 11th in the N.F.L. in run rate (40.1 percent) and sixth in play-action dropback rate on traditional run downs (50.8 percent), according to Tru- Media. The results of Stefanski’s time in Cleveland were mixed. He was named the league’s coach of the year twice but missed the playoffs
Whittingham inherited a quar- terback, Bryce Underwood, who is immensely talented but also a major wild card. If Underwood plays up to his potential as the No. 1 recruit in the class of 2025, Michigan could be a playoff contender. If Underwood is the same player he was as a fresh- man, it is difficult to see Michi- gan competing with the best teams in the Big Ten. Whittingham acknowledged that Underwood’s numbers needed to improve while sug- gesting that expectations may have been too high for an 18- year-old freshman. Jason Beck, Michigan’s new offensive coordi- nator, worked wonders with Devon Dampier at Utah, and the hope is that he will do the same
four times and churned through 13 starting quarterbacks while aver- aging 20.3 points per game, which ranked 29th in the league over those six years. The Browns fired Stefanski in January with a 45-56 career record. “Any team you’re on, I don’t care what sport you’re playing, you want to win, and you want ul- timately to be that last team standing, and we didn’t accom- plish that,” Stefanski said. “That’s my regret, and it’s something that all of us take with us, and I cer- tainly take with me in my desire to do better.” However, Stefanski brings no bitterness with him to Atlanta, he has insisted. “I have nothing but love for that organization,” he said of the Browns. Those who know him, though, say he does bring a chip on his shoulder. “I know Kevin is very driven af- ter what he’s been through in Cleveland,” Gary Kubiak said. “Don’t let Kevin’s smile fool you, boy. He is competitive as hell, and he’s extremely driven. It’s going to be fun to watch.” Turner, who spent three years as the Vikings’ offensive coordina- tor, believes Stefanski’s Browns experience will benefit the Fal- cons. “I don’t think anyone knows what he could control and what he couldn’t control in Cleveland, but you learn from all of it,” Turner said. “The thing he has going for him in my mind is he has been through a tough situation.” In the six months since his hir- ing, Stefanski has hammered away at the Falcons about the im- portance of details and account- ability, wide receiver Drake Lon- don said. “We are never complacent,” London said. “That’s the big motto right now . . . just keep pushing forward and striving for great- ness. That’s what he is implement- ing in probably the chillest way ever, but at the same time, he’s all about business.” Players respond to Stefanski because of his quiet confidence, Gary Kubiak said. “He’s just such a good person,” Kubiak said. “If you work for him, you want to die for him. If you play for him, you want to play hard for him.” Stefanski will need all of his self- belief to reverse the Falcons’ for- tunes. Atlanta has not made the playoffs since the 2017 season and is 25th in the N.F.L. in wins (55) since then. Frazier, for one, has no doubts about how Stefanski will do. “When you go back and look at his first press conference and then his press conference when they win the N.F.C. South, you’re going to say, ‘Man, it hasn’t gone to his head. He’s still that same humble, intelligent, smart guy,’” Frazier predicted. “That’s rare to find in a guy who has as much talent as he has.”
JAIME CRAWFORD/GETTY IMAGES FOR ONIT
for Underwood. “He’s got a very high ceiling,” Whittingham said. “I firmly believe he’s going to turn out to be a very successful quarterback at Michigan.” Underwood’s development will go a long way toward making Whittingham a successful coach in Ann Arbor. At 66, with a new athletic director on the way, Whittingham is operating on a compressed timeline. If nothing else, he should give Michigan a stable bridge into whatever comes next. Michigan may not be over its scandals yet, but the Wolverines have something they have not had in a long time: a no-drama football coach to manage the brand.
From First Sports Page
all that, it’s kind of become a desti- nation,” said Michelle Weston, the fire chief in Girdwood. “But the people coming out here have no idea how little we can do for them if they get in trouble.” Turnagain Arm got its name be- cause Capt. James Cook’s crew had to turn back repeatedly in 1778 while searching for the Northwest Passage, and reaching the surf now means scaling sev- eral stories of steep, jagged riprap — rubble heaped on the shore to protect it from erosion. The water can average 45 degrees, cold enough to rob people of basic mo- tor function in minutes. The arm is also lined with fine glacial silt that acts like quick- sand. Surfers pulled toward the
‘No one is coming to rescue you.’
PETE BEACHY, warning newcomers about the dangers of surfing at Turnagain Arm.
shallows risk getting stuck in dense mud until the tide rises again — the stuff of nightmarish local folklore. Weston raised money a few years ago to pur- chase a specialized mud rescue device for her department, but that requires three people and the ability to reach stranded surfers in time. In June, a 25-year-old man from Anchorage who drove down to paddleboard the bore tide died after being trapped by the current and mud and becoming too ex- hausted and cold to reach shore. Rescuers carried an inflatable boat to the water, but a three-foot chop filled it with water, injuring a firefighter and making it impossi- ble for the motor to overcome the current. No Coast Guard helicop- ters were available. “This wasn’t even some sort of wild-water drowning,” said Karolina Zakravska, a public in- formation officer with the Alaska Department of Transportation. “He was just stuck out there be- cause the current was too strong for him to get back.” Beachy also watched the young man struggle, but rescuers talked him out of paddling out to help, something he said he has done “more times than I want to re- member.” Three days later, he tried to dissuade another new- comer, wearing “a dry suit with Vans skate shoes, socks on his hands, a large climbing backpack and a kayak paddle.” He added, “Some of these kids don’t get that in Alaska, you need a Plan B, a Plan C and a Plan D because no one is coming to res-
Hysteria Obscures Remarkable Evolution
By KEN ROSENTHAL The Athletic
Here comes the anti-Dodger hysteria. Here comes another round of small-market defeatism. Here comes the lockout, not that its occurrence was ever in doubt. Yes, the Los Angeles Dodgers’ trade for Tarik Skubal, the back- to-back American League Cy Young winner, on Saturday night will only elevate the frustration of many fans and people inside the game with M.L.B.’s economic system. Yet Skubal to the Dodgers was not a fait accompli, nor should it have been. Other contenders had big-time prospects to offer. Every team could afford the remaining $9.4 million on Skubal’s contract. How is it that the Dodgers again were the ones to step up? How is it they so often pull off these kinds of moves, even when money is not the deciding factor? The sport’s economic system needs addressing, no doubt. Not necessarily with a salary cap, a demand by the team owners that threatens to wipe out part or all of the 2027 season, but with other ways to help benefit the small markets and allow the sport to continue its renaissance. A renaissance that, by the way, has been fueled in part by the Dodgers’ remarkable evolution into a superpower — an evolu- tion that was almost impossible to imagine when the team filed for bankruptcy under its previ- ous ownership 15 years ago. The Dodgers aren’t just doing this with money, though their vast revenues sure help. They are the industry standard, or
cue you.” Beachy first paddled into Tur- nagain Arm in 2010 and has been surfing the bore tide as long as anyone else still riding. From late spring through early fall, he surfs nearly every day and offers paid guide services. He used to surf well into October, dodging shore- line ice and slush, but now stops in
close to it, in scouting, develop- ing, trading — every aspect of a baseball operation. They also possess a singular quality that most other teams do not, a fear- lessness that could help them become the first team to win three consecutive World Series titles since the 1998 to 2000 New York Yankees. No doubt, the Dodgers possess other advantages, too. They have exploited their ability to withhold from revenue sharing a healthy portion of their mammoth local TV deal, an arrangement that arose from a settlement in bankruptcy court between M.L.B. and the former team owner Frank McCourt. They have also exploited their signing of Shohei Ohtani, the greatest player of our genera- tion, to an absurdly deferred $700 million deal that he offered to every club pursuing him in free agency, including his previ- ous one, the Los Angeles Angels. But consider the Skubal trade. The Dodgers parted with their third-round pick in 2023, pitcher Brady Smith, and two players they acquired in deals that ini- tially attracted little attention, pitcher River Ryan and out- fielder Zyhir Hope. Ryan came in a trade from San Diego for outfielder Matt Beaty before even throwing a pitch in the Padres’ organization. Hope arrived in a deal in which the Dodgers were trying to clear 40-man roster spots. First base- man Michael Busch and pitcher Yency Almonte went to the Chi- cago Cubs for Hope and pitcher Jackson Ferris, who had such little pro experience they did not need to be protected on the 40- man roster. A number of other top Dodgers
BASEBALL
September to go moose hunting. His winters are spent on Oahu’s North Shore in Hawaii, where, he said, he learned how to steer un- prepared newcomers away from the big waves. He is afraid of more injuries and that the recent death will prompt officials to crack down on surfing the bore tide. Weston said Girdwood Fire & Rescue al-
To land Tarik Skubal, it only cost, clockwise from right, River Ryan, Zyhir Hope and Brady Smith.
prospects also arrived in seem- ingly minor trades: outfielders James Tibbs III and Zach Ehrhard for Dustin May; and outfielders Mike Sirota and Charles Davalan for Gavin Lux — Davalan with the competitive balance pick that was part of the deal. That’s not money-whipping the competition. That’s outsmarting it. And for Skubal, the Dodgers had the depth to trade three talented prospects knowing they had dozens more in their system. Ryan, Smith and Hope are highly regarded. The Tigers did well. But other teams, notably the Milwaukee Brewers, could have parted with better prospects for Skubal. They de- cided against it, allowing the Dodgers to dunk on the industry again. Young, inexpensive players hold greater value for small- market teams like the Brewers and Tampa Bay Rays than they
ready received several calls a week in the summer from pas- sers-by worried about people on the mud flats. On sunny days, 20 or even 40 surfers can line the arm waiting for a ride, and the Seward High- way pullouts can feel like a slice of Southern California rather than subarctic Alaska. During the re-
LARRY GOREN/FOUR SEAM IMAGES, VIA A.P.
KEVIN C. COX/GETTY IMAGES
do for the Dodgers. There is a strong argument that this was the moment for both of those clubs to push for Skubal, who could have transformed the Brewers, in particular, the way C C Sabathia did in 2008. The Rays own the best record in the American League, the Brewers the best in the National League. Neither club has won a World Series. Yes, Skubal is a rental, and something of a gam- ble — he underwent an innova- tive surgery to remove a bone spur from his elbow on May 6. But he has a 2.87 earned run average in nine starts since returning, looking very much like his Cy Young self. Why didn’t the two small- market teams try harder for Skubal? The Brewers did not consider Skubal’s remaining $9.4 million an obstacle, a person briefed on their thinking said. The Rays likely did not, either. But here’s something else the
cent cold summer rain, the only surfers other than Beachy were a truckload of high school friends down from Anchorage and a new- comer from California. “Sometimes, this is better than the big waves,” Beachy said as he waited for the evening tide. The bore begins near Anchor- age and takes two to three hours
ROSS D. FRANKLIN/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Dodgers exploit: the risk-averse nature of so many other clubs in today’s game. The Dodgers can afford to take more chances, afford to guaran- tee a ridiculous $240 million to a complementary player such as Kyle Tucker in free agency. But the dirty little secret of a salary cap and floor system is that it would not guarantee small-mar- ket teams success. Many would need to develop more of a killer instinct, an instinct the Dodgers demonstrate time and again. Oh, and another thing: Much as M.L.B. will use this trade as more labor negotiation fodder, Skubal does not ensure the Dodgers will win their third consecutive World Series. People forget, they lost in the 2022 and 2023 division series to division opponents from smaller markets, the San Diego Padres and Arizona Diamondbacks. They nearly lost again in the division series to the Padres in
PHOTOGRAPHS BY KERRY TASKER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Pete Beachy, far left, waited for a tidal bore, as did other surf- ers, who stood off the Seward Highway and pulled on wet suits. Above, Beachy after surfing the tidal bore.
to reach him. Once he spots it through his binoculars, Beachy has 15 minutes to pull on his wet suit and gloves, lift his board from his weather-beaten white van and scramble down the rocks. And then he waits, doing breathing ex- ercises and staring at the Kenai Mountains on one side and the peaks of the Chugach range on the other. The wave appears as a ripple on the horizon, but by the time it reaches surfers, the water’s roar drowns out the highway traffic. Catching the wave can mean the ride of a lifetime. Beachy once cruised the bore tide for six miles, nearly an hour, according to his GoPro. “It’s a crazy thing to do, I know,” he said. “But you can’t ride an hour in Hawaii.”
Dodgers is not only because of money.
2024, and needed seven games and a whole lot of fortunate occurrences to defeat the Toron- to Blue Jays in the World Series last year. Skubal obviously strengthens the Dodgers’ powerful rotation. A front three in the postseason of Skubal, Ohtani and Yoshinobu Yamamoto will be difficult to overcome in October. But Ohtani is dealing with knee and biceps issues. It is unclear when he will pitch again. And if his problems affect his hitting — they haven’t yet — the Dodgers will be a lesser team. Yet even before acquiring Skubal, the Dodgers believed that, if healthy, their pitching staff might be the strongest of this dominant era. The addition of Skubal further safeguards them, at a time when Blake Snell and Tyler Glasnow are working their way back from injuries and Justin Wrobleski has surpassed his career high in innings. The Dodgers have so many options, in their bullpen as well, that it’s difficult to imagine their staff crumbling. Offensively, too, it’s an effort to find too many flaws. The Dodgers’ position-player group is the oldest in the majors. If they had lost last year’s Series, the team’s collective age would have drawn greater attention. But this year’s offense, even with its inconsistencies, still ranks among the game’s best. So yes, a third consecutive World Series title seems quite possible, if not as inevitable as M.L.B. would like you to believe. The hysteria is coming. The lockout is coming. And amid all the noise, something important will be obscured. The Dodgers are good at this. Better than everyone else.
John Ali, a top official in the Na- tion of Islam in the 1960s who oversaw the religious group’s tu- multuous split with one of its most famous members, Malcolm X, and who was later accused of being an F.B.I. informant and of playing a role in Malcolm’s assassination in 1965, died on July 26 at his home in Philadelphia. He was 98. His son Jon Ali confirmed the death and said that his father had lived in Chicago until recently. The assassination of Malcolm, at the Audubon Ballroom in New York, stunned a country still reel- ing from the murder of President John F. Kennedy just over a year earlier. Like the Kennedy assassi- nation, the killing of Malcolm was — and remains — clouded by con- flicting narratives, government stonewalling and rampant con- spiracy theories. At the center of the mystery is Mr. Ali, who as the national secre- tary of the Nation of Islam was the de facto second-in-command to its leader, Elijah Muhammad. Mr. Ali, who had a degree in ac- counting, was in charge of the Na- tion’s business operations, includ- ing its extensive involvement with the boxer Muhammad Ali, then a follower of Mr. Muhammad’s, and his career. Mr. Ali was also the group’s offi- cial spokesman and its enforcer, a role that put him in direct conflict with Malcolm, who by the mid-1960s was the Nation’s most prominent figure but had also be- gun to break with the group over Mr. Muhammad’s numerous ex- tramarital affairs. Mr. Ali credited Malcolm with bringing him into the Nation, and the two men were once close friends and roommates. But after Malcolm character- ized Mr. Kennedy’s murder as “chickens coming home to roost” in December 1963, it was Mr. Ali who told reporters that he had been suspended and forbidden from speaking publicly. And shortly after Malcolm left the Nation, in March 1964, it was Mr. Ali who forced Malcolm’s brother Philbert X, a midlevel minister in the organization, to de- nounce his brother in a speech that Mr. Ali had written. By then, Mr. Ali was facing his own controversy. In 1963, the jour- nalist Louis Lomax had accused him of being an informant for the F.B.I., a charge that he repeated in several books and that Mr. Ali per- sistently denied. It was no secret, though, that the F.B.I. was keeping a close eye on the Nation of Islam and on Mal- colm. Declassified documents lat- er revealed that the bureau claimed credit for helping orches- trate the split between the organi-
Deaths Deaths Deaths Deaths Deaths Deaths
Cohen, Stanley
COHEN—Stanley.
Morgan, Edward
Manne, Jerry
MANNE—Jerry.
Platt, Nicholas
Nicholas.
Reich, Robert
Stanley Cohen passed away peacefully at home in Co- pake, New York, on July 27, 2026, at the age of 92, with his beloved wife, Carrie, and his son, Paul, by his side. Born in the Bronx, New York, Stanley was an international attor- ney, author, and lifelong lover of art, literature, music, and ideas. He founded a law firm in Paris and lived a life marked by extraordinary curiosity, sharp wit, generosi- ty, and compassion. His dream of publishing his me- moir, I Never Made Love with James Baldwin, was rea- lized shortly before his pass- ing. Stanley is survived by his beloved wife, Carrie; his son, Paul; his daughters, Laura; his son-in-law, Arik; his grand- children, Alex and Lila; his stepdaughters, Sabrina and Natalia; and many dear friends around the world. He will be remembered for his
Out in the world.
school with digital access to The Times. Learn more at nytimes.com/oncampus
Herbert Muhammad, Mr. Muhammad’s son, and James Shabazz. Above, Malcolm X, killed in 1965 in the Audubon Ballroom, below (with arrows indicating where the killers may have stood).
zation and Malcolm through Coin- telpro, its secret anti-radical project. Over the year between Mal- colm’s stormy departure from the Nation and his assassination, Mr. Ali repeatedly beat back reports in the press that the group had plans to harass or kill Malcolm,
brilliant mind, infectious hu- mor, boundless curiosity, and the love he shared so gene- rously. May his memory be a blessing.
Jerry Manne, a resident of River Forest, Illinois, passed away peacefully on July 23, 2026 at the age of 89. Jerry was a commodities broker at the Chicago Board of Trade and dedicated supporter of global wildlife conservation. Born in Manhattan, Jerry was a graduate of Mepham High School, Dartmouth College and Northwestern University. He built a distinguished career at the Chicago Board of Trade, where he was known for his warmth, professionalism, and integri- ty. He was also an active member of the Union League Club of Chicago. Jerry was a founder of the CBOT Endan- gered Species Fund, which has awarded millions of dol- lars to conservation projects
STANLEY WOLFSON/AMERICAN PHOTO ARCHIVE, VIA ALAMY
though historians and journalists later interviewed former mem- bers who said the Nation had tried to deploy hit squads against him. On Feb. 21, 1965, Malcolm was preparing to address a crowd of 400 people at the Audubon Ball- room in Harlem when a man rushed forward and shot him in
worldwide. He has also sup- ported the Chicago Zoologi- cal Society, the Anti Cruelty Society of Chicago, the Dur- rell Conservation Trust and the Union League Boys & Girls Clubs. His commitment to protecting threatened spe- cies and strengthening com- munity institutions was a de- fining part of his life. Jerry and his wife of more than 50 years, Sandy Manne (nee Pasbjerg), shared a love of travel, especially to Hawaii and Australia. Jerry is sur- vived by Sandy, as well as his brother Lee Manne, Lee's wife Leslie Manne and ex- tended family and friends who were touched by Jerry's kindness. He was preceded in death by his father Julius Manne and mother Ruth Manne (nee Kraus).
MORGAN—Captain Edward
A., USN (Ret.). March 3, 1936 - January 19, 2026. Edward A. Morgan, at- torney, naval officer, and public servant, passed away peacefully on January 19, 2026 at the age of 89. Born on March 3, 1936 in Brooklyn, New York, Edward lived a life defined by integrity and ser- vice — to country, profession, community and family. Raised in a Navy family as the son of an Admiral, Ed- ward developed a strong sense of duty and discipline early in life. After graduating from the University of Penn- sylvania's Wharton School on a Navy ROTC scholarship, he served on active duty in the U.S. Navy from 1957 to 1960. He continued his commit- ment for decades through the Naval Reserve, retiring with the rank of Captain. After completing his active service, Edward pursued his legal education at Harvard Law School, receiving his LL.B. in 1964, and later earning an
LL.M. in Tax Law from New York University in 1971. Over the course of his legal career, Edward practiced interna- tional tax law as a partner at the New York law firms of Alexander & Green and Pryor Cashman. He was deeply engaged in the global legal community for over 50 years, and for decades was active in the International Bar Association (IBA) and the In- ternational Group of Accoun- tants & Lawyers (IGAL). He served as chair of the IBA's Tax Committee, and was a founder and trustee, and later treasurer and president, of the International Bar Associa- tion Foundation. Beyond his professional life, Edward was devoted to public and com- munity service. A resident of Scarsdale for more than 50 years, he served his town in numerous capacities, includ- ing as a member of the Zon- ing Board, Trustee (1993-1997) and Mayor (1997-1999). He was active in the Scarsdale Forum, the Citizens' Nomin- ating Committee, and served as member and chair of the Fiscal Affairs Committee. He also contributed significant time and expertise to many nonprofit and pro bono ef- forts throughout his life, in- cluding the Museum of the American Indian in New York, the Huntington Free Li- brary and Reading Room, the Scarsdale Historical Society, the Scarsdale Arts Council, the Scarsdale Community Center and the Women's Enterprise Development Center. A longtime member of Hitchcock Presbyterian Church in Scarsdale, Edward found great meaning in faith and fellowship and took spe- cial pride in his participation in the church choir. His other passions included baseball,
BETTMANN ARCHIVE/GETTY IMAGES
the chest with a sawed-off shot- gun. At least two more men fol- lowed, shooting Malcolm with pis- tols. He was dead by the time he reached the hospital. In the chaos, all but one of the assailants, Mujahid Abdul Halim (then known as Talmadge X Hay- er), escaped. Mr. Halim and two other men, Muhammad Abdul Aziz (then known as Norman 3X Butler) and Khalil Islam (then known as Thomas 15X Johnson), were ar- rested, charged and convicted of the killing. Mr. Halim was a mem- ber of the Nation of Islam mosque in Newark; the other two be- longed to the Nation’s mosque in New York. Mr. Halim confessed to the crime, but he maintained that Mr. Aziz and Mr. Islam were innocent. Those two men, who each spent decades in prison, were exonerat- ed in 2021. In the years since the assassi- nation, historians, including the authors of two Pulitzer Prize-win- ning biographies — Manning
telling stories to his children and grandchildren, and play- ing tennis, particularly on Peaks Island in Maine where he spent summers and his fa- mily has had a home for over 100 years. Edward is survived by his wife, Rosamonde; his children, Thomas and Jenni- fer; his grandchildren, James, Ella, Reese, Maggie and Chris; as well as Rosa- monde's children, Katrina, Mark and Andrew, and their families; and by his brother, Philip. He was predeceased by his first wife, Margaret, in 1995. Edward will be remem- bered as a man of principle and decency; his legacy of service, leadership and inte- grity will continue to inspire all who knew him. Burial was on his beloved Peaks Island on July 6, 2026.
PLATT—Ambassador
Ambassador Nicholas Platt, a distinguished career diplomat who dedicated his working life to fostering relations be- tween the United States and Asia, died peacefully on July 23, 2026, at NewYork- Presbyterian Hospital. He
Marable, in “Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention” (2011), and Les and Tamara Payne, in “The Dead Are Arising: The Life of Malcolm X” (2020) — have argued that the ad- ditional gunmen likely came, as Mr. Halim did, from the Newark mosque. The independent researcher and historian Abdur-Rahman Mu- hammad reached a similar con- clusion, as shown in the Netflix documentary “Who Killed Mal- colm X?” (2020), based on his work and directed by Rachel Dret- zin and Phil Bertelsen. No one has been able to pin down whether Mr. Ali played a di- rect role in the killing. But there is at least one incriminating piece of evidence: Mr. Ali, who lived in Chicago, was in New York at the time of the assassination, and met with Mr. Halim the night before. Decades later, Mr. Ali insisted that he and the Nation had not been involved. “People knew if we wanted to do it, we could have done it,” he told Jonathan Eig in an interview for Mr. Eig’s 2017 biog- raphy of Muhammad Ali, “Ali: A Life.” “We didn’t do it.” John William Simmons Jr. was born on Nov. 3, 1927, in Avery, Ga. When he was still a baby, his par- ents, John and Viola (Brown) Sim- mons, moved the family to Phila- delphia, where his father worked as a chauffeur. At 18, John was drafted into the Army. A white colonel, impressed with his aptitude for numbers, recommended that he apply to Bryant University in Rhode Is- land, which had an accelerated program for veterans. He graduated from Bryant in 1950 with a degree in accounting. He later said that his academic performance had so impressed the university’s president that a job interview was arranged for him at the F.B.I. He was turned down for an agent position and of- fered a job that he considered be- neath him, which he declined. He returned to Philadelphia,
was 90 years old. Born in 1936 in New York City, Ambassa- dor Platt was descended from a long line of distin- guished New Yorkers, includ- ing his father, Geoffery Platt, who was the first chairman of the New York City Land- marks Commission, his grandfather, the architect Charles Adams Platt, and his great - grandfather Joseph Hodges Choate, a noted law- yer and diplomat who was a founding patron of the Metro- politan Museum of Art, and served as the United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom during the William McKinley administration. Ni- cholas Platt graduated from Saint Paul's School in 1953 and from Harvard College in 1957. He earned an MA from the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced Interna- tional Studies in 1959. Over the course of a distinguished 34-year career in the Foreign Service, he rose to the highe- st ranks of American diplo- macy, serving as U.S. Ambas- sador to Zambia (1982-84), the Philippines (1987-91), and Pa- kistan (1991-92). His involve- ment with Asia began with Chinese language studies in Taiwan in the early 1960s, leading to pivotal assign- ments in Hong Kong, Beijing, and Tokyo. In 1972, he accom- panied President Richard Nixon on his historic trip to Beijing, signaling the resump- tion of relations between the U.S. and China. He became one of the first members of the U.S. Liaison Office in Beij- ing in 1973. That same year, he served as control officer for the Philadelphia Orches- tra's historic tour under Eu- gene Ormandy — the first by an American orchestra to the People's Republic of China. He chronicled these forma-
ASSOCIATED PRESS
tive diplomatic years in his 2010 memoir, CHINA BOYS: How U.S. Relations with the PRC Began and Grew. In Washington, his leadership spanned multiple administra- tions. He served as a China analyst, Director of Japanese Affairs, National Security Council Staff Member for Asian Affairs, Deputy Assis- tant Secretary of Defense, Acting Assistant Secretary of State for UN Affairs (1981-82), and Executive Secretary of the Department of State (1985-87), advising multiple Presidents over the years, in- cluding Jimmy Carter, Ro- nald Reagan, and George Bush. Following his retire- ment from government, Am- bassador Platt served for twelve years as the President of the Asia Society, beginning in 1992, and became Pres- ident Emeritus upon his re- tirement on July 1, 2004. In his later years, he continued to foster international goodwill as Senior Advisor to the Phi- ladelphia Orchestra Global Initiative, a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, and chairman of the advisory board for the U.S.-China Edu- cation Trust (USCET). He was predeceased in 2018 by his beloved wife of more than 60 years, Sheila. He is sur- vived by his brother Geoffe- ry, of Richmond, Virginia, his three devoted sons: Adam, a writer; Oliver, an actor; and Nicholas Jr., a financial exe- cutive; as well as nine grand- children.
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oversaw businesses and was an enforcer.
where he worked as an account- ant. In 1954, a friend took him to a Nation of Islam mosque to hear Malcolm, who was fast gaining a reputation as an eloquent speaker. Mr. Simmons joined the Nation, adopted the name John Ali and went to work with Malcolm in New York. For three years, they and their wives lived together in the Elmhurst section of Queens. In 1961, Mr. Muhammad was looking for a new national secre- tary, and Malcolm suggested his friend. Mr. Ali quickly gained Mr. Muhammad’s trust, and within a year was managing the Nation’s day-to-day operations. But Mr. Ali’s relationship with Malcolm began to sour. He grew critical of Malcolm, who sus- pected Mr. Ali of trying to turn Mr. Muhammad against him. In 1964, Malcolm told Mr. Lomax, the jour- nalist, that Mr. Ali was his “arch- enemy.” Mr. Ali’s involvement in the Na- tion’s business operations contin- ued to expand through the 1960s. In 1966, he became the business manager of a new venture, Main Bout, that handled most of Mu- hammad Ali’s promotional rights and, therefore, much of his in- come. According to Mr. Eig, John Ali made a fortune over the next several years as Muhammad Ali became a superstar. He stepped down as national secretary in 1970, but remained active in the Nation. Mr. Ali’s first two marriages, to Minnie Coleman and Delores Bus- tamante, ended in divorce. His third wife, Carolyn Ali, prede- ceased him. Along with his son Jon, he is survived by another son, Sultan Ali, and a daughter, Marie Ali, from his first marriage; a daughter, Clara Ali, from his sec- ond marriage; six grandchildren; nine great-grandchildren; and a brother, Michael. Over 60 years later, it remains unclear why Malcolm was assas- sinated, and by whom. Many of the witnesses are long dead, and the F.B.I. has refused to declassify relevant files. But researchers strongly believe that Mr. Ali played a role, perhaps as a mes- senger between Mr. Muhammad and the killers. “I think it’s possible he carried the order,” Abdur-Rahman Mu- hammad, the historian, said in an interview. “But a lot of what hap- pened was not going to be written down.”
REICH—Robert M. Robert M. Reich, 86, passed away at home surrounded by his wife of 52 years, Dale Reich, and his three daugh- ters: Jacqueline, Lindsay, and Alexandra. A proud and be- loved grandfather of seven, he will be sorely missed. Do- nations in his honor can be made to the Nada Anid Scho- larship Fund at New York In- stitute of Technology: https://alumni.nyit.edu/ giving/NadaAnidScholarship
PASZEK—Ted. A wonderful & brilliant man. Husband of Howard. Loving son of Olga & Ted. RIP
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Mildred Pitts Walter, a Los An- geles schoolteacher who grew up in the Jim Crow South and wrote award-winning children’s books focusing on Black characters, fill- ing a void in her students’ reading material, died on May 19 in Red- wood City, Calif. She was 103. Her death, at an assisted-living facility, was confirmed by her grandson, Nizam Walter. As a kindergarten teacher in the 1950s and ’60s in South Cen- tral Los Angeles, where most of her students were, like her, Black, Ms. Walter searched for books that had Black characters with whom they could identify. The
NAILAH PORTER, VIA WALTER FAMILY
In 2022. “I write about what I know best,” she once said.
rare one, she recalled, was the Caldecott Medal-winning 1962 picture book “The Snowy Day,” by Ezra Jack Keats, a white author, which featured a young Black boy exploring his neighborhood after a snowfall. Knowing that the federal gov- ernment under President Lyndon B. Johnson had in 1968 allocated funds to encourage publishers to create more books for students like hers, Ms. Walter eventually challenged an executive at a local publishing company, Ward Ritchie Press, to fill that need. “‘Well, write them,’ he re- sponded,” she wrote in her autobi- ography, “Something Inside So Strong: Life in Pursuit of Choice, Courage and Change” (2019). “I felt he was passing the buck and told him so. But he insisted. I re- luctantly agreed.”
WARD RITCHIE PRESS
By MICHAEL S. ROSENWALD
Back in the heyday of depart- ment stores, Olga Soffer stood at the center of the action. As special events coordinator for Abraham & Straus, a shopping mecca on Fulton Street in Brook- lyn, Ms. Soffer organized fashion shows, cooking festivals and other programs to reel in customers. She loved her job, but after more than a decade it began to feel more tedious than chic. “I stopped caring,” she later wrote, “if it was navy blue or dark brown socks that were the next hot item.” So she went to graduate school, became an archaeologist and wound up embarking on a primi- tive second act in fashion, un- earthing startling revelations about ice age clothing and the role that women played in prehistoric textile production. “The transition from one career in fashion promotion to another in archaeology did take some time, but it was never boring,” she wrote in an autobiography she produced for family and friends. Professor Soffer died on June 20 at her home in Los Angeles. She was 83. Her death, which was not widely reported, was con- firmed by her daughter, Alex Beattie, who did not provide a cause. Becoming one of the world’s top experts on the Upper Paleolithic period, Professor Soffer helped establish that the wardrobes of ice age people weren’t limited to ani- mal hides, as had been previously thought. Her research showed that they had produced woven cloth, string skirts and caps — among other ne- cessities, including belts, nets and baskets — thousands of years ear- lier than scholars believed. “She made the invisible visible,” Michael Petraglia, a professor of archaeology and human evolution
Over the next three decades, she wrote more than 20 books that “changed the course of children’s literature,” Lin Oliver, a founder of the Society of Children’s Book Writers and Illustrators, which Ms. Walter also helped to found, wrote in a tribute after her death. There was one question that Ms. Walter was often asked about her books when she talked to ele- mentary school students, most of them white: “Why don’t you write about white people?” Her answer: “I write about what I know best.” In her first book, “Lillie of Watts: A Birthday Discovery” (1969, illustrated by Leonora E. Prince), Ms. Walter told the story of a shy girl in the Watts neighbor- hood of Los Angeles — four years after the riots there — who spends her 11th birthday searching for a lost cat. In the sequel, “Lillie of Watts Takes a Giant Step” (1971, illus- trated by Bonnie Helene John- son), Lillie discovers a hero in Malcolm X, along with a new feel- ing of self-worth. Ms. Walter drew on vivid child- hood memories to write “Ty’s One-Man Band” (1980, with illus- trations by Margot Tomes), the story of a boy who meets an itiner- ant disabled man who brings joy to others with the music he makes using a washboard, spoons, a pail and a comb. Her writing in the book, Kirkus Reviews noted, was “filled with rhythms: the sound of the peg- legged man walking, the freight train passing, drumming fingers and stamping feet.” In 1983, the singer Lou Rawls read the story aloud during an episode of the PBS series “Reading Rainbow.” Ms. Walter’s 1986 book, “Justin and the Best Biscuits in the World” (with illustrations by Cath- erine Stock), about a boy’s rela- tionship with his grandfather, won the Coretta Scott King Award from the American Library Associa- tion. Ms. Walter was a finalist for the prize for “Because We Are” (1983), “Trouble’s Child” (1985) and “Mississippi Challenge” (1992), a nonfiction book about the struggle for racial justice in the state. Pat Cummings, who illustrated four books with Ms. Walter, in- cluding “My Mama Needs Me” (1983), about a boy who helps take care of his baby sister, admired
at Griffith University in Australia, said in an interview. “She really changed the complexion of the field. This is a giant loss in archae- ology and anthropology.” Professor Soffer’s break- through discovery came in the 1990s, as she sifted through thou- sands of fired-clay fragments, dat- ing back more than 26,000 years, that had been excavated from set- tlements in what is now Czechia. Under magnification, she no- ticed faint parallel lines in the
prehistoric clothes and assumed gender roles.
fragments. She photographed them, writing, “plant fibers?” in her notebook, the lines having tantalizingly suggested the pro- duction of textiles. Several years later, James M. Adovasio, an expert on ancient fi- ber technologies at Mercyhurst University in Pennsylvania, vis- ited her at home in Illinois. She projected slides of the fragments on her refrigerator door, and Pro- fessor Adovasio went “absolutely ballistic,” she told The New York Times in 1995. Her hunch had been correct. Standing in her kitchen, Profes- sor Adovasio told her “that the lines were the impressions of tex- tiles, making them by far the earli- est such artifacts,” as he, Profes- sor Soffer and Jake Page wrote in “The Invisible Sex: Uncovering the True Roles of Women in Pre- history” (2007). There was also evidence of wov- en baskets and nets used in hunt- ing. Intrigued, Professor Soffer de-
nytimes.com/companywide Sharpen employee perspective. Empower forwa rw r rd thinking.
Mildred Pitts Walter in 1971. Over three decades she wrote more than 20 books, filling a representation void for many students.
her passion for encouraging chil- dren to read and to learn about their history. “She adamantly believed soci- ety was still plagued by pervasive racism,” Ms. Cummings wrote in an email, “but her stories were never heavy-handed or tried to preach to kids.” Mildred Pitts was born on Sept. 9, 1922, at a logging camp in Sweetville, La. Her father, Paul Pitts, was a migrant sawmill worker, and her mother, Mary (Ward) Pitts, was a beautician and midwife. In her memoir, Ms. Walter re- called the pain and humiliation of growing up in segregated Louisi- ana, where drunken white men would knock on her family’s door late at night and she had to buy shoes without knowing if they fit because white store owners re- fused to let Black children try
never heavy-handed,’ a collaborator said.
cided to reanalyze Venus figu- rines found in Europe, searching for evidence of clothing that might have been missed in previous studies (which had largely been conducted by men, she liked to note). Sure enough, she and her col- laborators found carved details depicting caps, skirts, belts and garments worn across the chest. Because women were the pri- mary crafters in subsequent soci- eties, Professor Soffer concluded that they had probably played the same role in prehistoric times. “Women were not just out there to reproduce,” she told Scientific American in 2000. “They were ac- tively involved in production as well, just as women are in any and all societies that we know of.” What’s more, the nets probably gave women the ability to help with hunting, especially for small animals like rabbits. “Life was lived by more than stone spear point,” she told The Times in 2012. “It gets us away from the Hemingway, mega-ma- cho male stuff.” Olga Aleksandrovna Shabunin was born on Sept. 9, 1942, in Bel- grade, the capital of Nazi-occu- pied Yugoslavia during World War II. Her father, Alexander Shabunin, was a Canadian immi- grant who owned rental proper- ties; her mother, Galina (Girs) Shabunin, was an administrative assistant. The sound of explosions echoed throughout Olga’s childhood. The family’s house, she later wrote, “was some five blocks from the old Belgrade Main Railway Station — a location that was repeatedly bombed during the war, first by the Axis powers, then by the Al- lied ones.” When she was an infant, her parents sent her to live with her maternal grandparents in Veliki Beckerek (now Zrenjanin), a rural city about 50 miles north of Bel-
DENVER POST, VIA GETTY IMAGES
them on. The only library in town was off limits to the Black resi- dents. After graduating from high school in 1940, she enrolled at Southern University, in Baton Rouge, where she majored in Eng- lish. Strapped for cash, she would sometimes go hungry for days at a time. She took a year off to work at a shipyard in Vancouver, Wash., to earn enough money to finish col- lege, which she did in 1944. After earning her bachelor’s de- gree, she moved to Los Angeles, where she was hired as a sales- woman at a laundry business and then as a clerk for the Los Angeles Unified School District, after be- ing rejected as a teacher. In 1947, she married Earl Wal- ter, a social worker who would be- come the chairman of the Los An- geles chapter of the Congress of Racial Equality, or CORE.
grade. Soon after she arrived, the Nazis captured the city and sent them to a labor camp. “My grandmother used to tell me that being incredibly blonde and Aryan looking, I was a big hit with the commander of the camp, whose daughter back home in Germany I ostensibly resembled,” she wrote. “He would, Grandma told me, often come to take me to the officers’ mess hall at dinner time for some decent food and warmth.” Back in Belgrade, her father lost his Canadian citizenship and was jailed. He was released when the war ended. In 1955, the family immigrated to the United States, settling in Brooklyn, where Olga’s father as- sembled window blinds and her mother worked as a seamstress. After high school, Olga enrolled at Hunter College in Manhattan, majoring in political science. She graduated in 1965, and her first job was with Abraham & Straus. “What followed,” she wrote, “were years in a fun and glam- orous job where I discovered and promoted fashion trends and de- vised all possible ways of using fashion to lure customers into the store.” Eventually, feeling restless, she enrolled in graduate school at Hunter, taking courses in art his- tory at night. Gradually, she drifted toward paleoanthropology and ethnography, immersing her- self in other times and cultures. She received a master’s degree in anthropology in 1975 and then entered a doctoral program at the City University of New York. She wrote her dissertation on the pre- historic archaeology of Eastern Europe. At first, the career change baf- fled her friends. “It was like, ‘Wait, you’re doing what?’” Marcia Hurwitz, an Abra- ham & Straus colleague and life- long friend who became a Holly-
Her first book, in 1969, above left. Her 1986 book won a Coretta Scott King Book Award from the American Library Association.
She was also active in CORE, and she and Mr. Walter were part of an integrated CORE team that tested compliance with the Unruh Civil Rights Act, which the Califor- nia legislature had enacted in 1959 to ban racial discrimination by businesses, including hotels and motels. The Walters would try to obtain motel rooms for themselves and their two sons. If they were told that no rooms were available, a white family would follow them, asking for a room and often get- ting it. “Later, we presented our find- ings to the owners and negotiated with them to change their poli- cies,” Ms. Walter wrote in her memoir. “The Unruh Act enabled us to bring legal action against those who didn’t.” Mr. Walter died in 1965. In addi- tion to her grandson, Ms. Walter is survived by a son, Craig; a grand- daughter; and four great-grand- children. In 1952, after earning her teach- ing certificate from California State University, Los Angeles, Ms. Walter began teaching kindergar- ten. By the time she wrote “Lillie of Watts,” she had contributed book reviews and essays to The Los Angeles Times. She retired from teaching in 1970 and then moved to Denver,
Olga Soffer examining a Venus figurine discovered in Europe, which she realized was carved to depict plaits and basketry.
wood agent, said in an interview. “But ultimately it made sense. She wanted more in life — we all did. She was always way more evolved than being in fashion.” Professor Soffer taught at Hunter, Lehman College and the University of Wisconsin-Milwau- kee before joining the University of Illinois in 1985. Before turning to prehistoric fashion, she excavated sites in Russia and Ukraine — a difficult undertaking for someone from the United States, especially a wom- an. “She had to work with older So- viet men who were really domi- nant in the field,” Professor Pe- traglia said. “It takes a really spe- cial, determined person to do that. She was pretty amazing.” Her marriage to Mark Soffer, a high school history teacher, ended
where she worked as an educa- tional consultant. She also helped start the Northeast Women’s Cen- ter, to train and place women in jobs, and Colorado Black Women for Political Action, a nonprofit or- ganization. In 1976, she also earned her master’s degree from an affiliate of Antioch College. She was inducted into the Colorado Women’s Hall of Fame in 1996. Despite some rejections, she also continued to write. “She wasn’t one of those people who were writing all the time since she was a teenager,” Bar- bara Lalicki, who edited many of her books, said. “But she saw a need to fill and turned out to be good at it.” One of Ms. Walter’s young adult novels, “The Girl on the Outside” (1982), was a fictionalized account of the violent integration of Little Rock Central High School in Ar- kansas in 1957. The main charac- ters are two teenage girls — one white and the other one of the nine Black students who faced angry mobs and the Arkansas National Guard before receiving the pro- tection of U.S. Army troops. Empathizing with her charac- ters wasn’t difficult, given her ex- perience. She understood what it was like to be a target of racism. “It was difficult to understand why we were so hated for no rea- son we could see,” she wrote in her memoir. “Over and over we were told, ‘Be strong in the Lord.’ Our weapons were our quiet strength and making sure we pulled to- gether for survival.”
BILL WIEGAND/UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
in divorce in 1979. She married Dmitry V. Bobyshev, a poet and translator, the same year; they di- vorced in 1991. In addition to Ms. Beattie, her daughter from her first marriage, she is survived by two grandchil- dren. Professor Soffer’s research was widely (and amusingly) covered in the media. “Furs for Evening, But Cloth Was the Stone Age Standby,” a 1999 Times headline read. Introducing a segment on Pro- fessor Soffer, the “Nightline” host Chris Bury said, “Tonight, the real caveman couture.” Even she had some fun with it. “That skirt is to die for,” Profes- sor Soffer told The Times, describ- ing a little number she discovered on a Venus figurine. “Though maybe it’s an acquired taste.”
HARPERCOLLINS
N
NEWS CRITICISM
Embodies Everyone
Joyce Theater, bringing together artists from different worlds.
Misty Copeland may be one of the most rec- ognized dancers in the world, but she still has new territory to conquer: curation. For the annual Ballet Festival at the Joyce The- ater this year, Copeland, who recently re- tired from American Ballet Theater, is helming two weeks of dancing by a dizzying array of performers with established and up-and-coming choreographers. “I think the goal here is not to define one path or future for ballet,” she said in a video interview. “It’s to show that ballet’s future can hold so many different voices and iden- tities and aesthetics and experiences, and that it should be as rich as our world.” This is Copeland’s first time organizing a festival, apart from Ballet Across America, which she programmed with the choreogra- pher Justin Peck at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts Center in 2017. “That was way less involved than this,” she said. For the Ballet Festival, which opens on Tuesday, she worked closely with Danni Gee, director of programming at the Joyce, and Ross LeClair, the theater’s producer. “I’m still new to curating and building in this way,” Copeland said. “I have my grand ideas, but to have them really help me shape it has made it what it is.” Gee said: “The theme of the show is up- lifting everyone. It’s about all of us together, not just all African American or this or that.” “I know it’s the world that I want to live in,” she added. “It’s the world that I want to see onstage.” Copeland’s lineup includes the Paris
By GIA KOURLAS
“This was just the perfect outlet to be able to do a lot of different things,” said Misty Copeland of the Ballet Festival at the Joyce Theater.
By JON PARELES
Domi & JD Beck are a duo of speed demons. The music they make flaunts dense harmonies, odd meters and breakneck motion, with Domi Louna’s flying fingers on keyboards — often joined by her feet playing counterpoint on bass pedals — backed by James Denis Beck’s kinetic, microscopically dissected beats on the drums. “Since I was 3 years old, I’ve liked to play fast,” Domi said in a shared video interview, sitting alongside Beck in their house in Dal- las. Her eyes were made up with the glit- tery, silvery, glam-extraterrestrial look she wears onstage. “I don’t think we try to play fast. I think this is genuinely who we are. And the more we try to fight against our- selves, like, when you push stuff down, it will come back and explode.” Beck added, “We’d rather just embrace what comes naturally.” In 2022, Domi & JD Beck turned heads with their debut album, the untruthfully ti- tled “Not Tight.” Their radically different second album, “Who Asked?,” arrived on Friday. “We took a big gap and decided to hop into different territories,” Domi said.
JASON ZINOMAN ON COMEDY
She Is Standing Out
Barone is equal parts wry and righteous in her new special.
Ariana Grande will curtail her time in public and back out of a London musical.
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 C1
THEA TRAFF FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
HERE’S A TRIVIA QUESTION: How many women have performed stand-up as head- liners at Madison Square Garden, a room that, perhaps more than any other in popu- lar culture, symbolizes success? Answer: The same number as married Travis Kelce there. Amy Schumer broke this glass ceiling a decade ago after rocketing to fame on the strength of a hit movie and a savvy sketch show that grew in popularity as it leaned into satirical critiques of sexism. What is of- ten forgotten about her rise is that overtly feminist humor made Schumer a bigger star. She wasn’t the only one. A few months be- fore Schumer sold out the Garden, Ali Wong released her breakout hour, “Baby Cobra,” which struck a nerve in part because of how it skewered parenting double standards for women. The TV series “Full Frontal With Samantha Bee” had just premiered. And a year later, Hannah Gadsby’s “Nanette” would make an immediate splash after its New York premiere, with an enraged ex- amination of misogyny, abuse and the com- plicity of the comedy scene in both.
With ‘Lioness’ and his blues projects, the 89-year-old actor has a full plate.
Morgan Freeman insists he still does not understand the fuss over his voice. The 89- year-old Oscar-winning actor has voiced God and presidents, and he is the go-to nar- rator for your favorite documentarian. He still brushes aside the impact of his immedi- ately recognizable, resonant baritone. Freeman, whose career did not take off until later in life, is nearly a nonagenarian, but is still going strong. He is reprising his role as Edwin Mullins, the U.S. secretary of state, in the third season of Taylor Sheri- dan’s espionage thriller “Lioness” on Para- mount+, which also stars Zoe Saldaña and Nicole Kidman. Freeman also feels a duty to preserve blues music; he is a founder of a live blues club in Clarksdale, Miss., and he produced and narrated a blues record due out this month. He recently spoke to The New York Times about his work in the Sheridan-verse, that voice and how he chooses projects. This interview has been edited and con- densed for clarity.
Taylor Sheridan has attracted a long list of movie stars to his shows. What is it about his writing that makes his shows attractive? His writing has to do more with the human experience, what people are actually going through, emotionally, in a lot of cases. You saw that a lot in “Yellowstone,” and you ac- tually see it a lot in any of his writings. And here, in “Lioness,” in Joe’s [Saldaña’s char- acter] case, for instance, he is dealing with a woman whose life is on the line very often. She has kids and a husband. She makes de- cisions and she has to consider these. It takes courage to write about stuff like that, and Taylor seems to have an awful lot of it.
You didn’t used to see many movie stars joining episodic television series. Why are so many joining in this moment? There’s more work in episodic TV stream- ing than there is actually in movies that are going to the theaters. If people can sit at home and watch something extraordinary, then that’s what they’ll do. So, that’s why Warner Bros., Paramount and Hulu, all of them have these streaming stations.
In the show, you play a government official at a time when there is so much geopolitical unrest in real life. Do you feel a responsibil- ity in that role when real life often mirrors art? We are really not trying to deal with con- temporary geopolitical issues at all. We know that people are going to come away with something that shows what their own ideas about what they saw and what it means, but as we present it, it has nothing to do with current situations at all.
The show is action-filled, but your scenes take place in a situation room. How do you build up the tension when you only have the room as a stage and your voice as an instru- ment? We don’t have to build up the tension. It’s the dialogue that builds up the tension of whenever there is that kind of tension. You’re dealing with life and death situations with the teams that are out there in the field. So, just as that, you take what you’ve got in terms of script and internalize.
At what point did you realize that your voice was such a unique instrument?
Takes On Nolan’s ‘Odyssey’
Emily Wilson, a leading translator of the tale, says the new movie lacks depth.
By NEIL VIGDOR
As Christopher Nolan’s epic “The Odyssey” closes in on $1 billion in ticket sales at the box office, one of the leading translators of the Homeric tale eviscerated the summer blockbuster as a grandiose and superficial movie that strays from classical interpretations. The scholar, Emily Wilson, weighing in on Mr. Nolan’s big-screen adaptation in The London Review of Books, said she would have been “ashamed to have written any part of this script.” Her 4,000-plus-word takedown of this year’s most-talked-about movie appeared to temporarily crash the review’s website and fueled a debate over balancing com- mercial success with literary authenticity. Here’s what to know about the controversy:
Who is Emily Wilson? In 2017, Wilson became the first woman to translate “The Odyssey” from ancient Greek into English, an interpretation widely celebrated in academia and the liter- ary world as comprehensive, modern in sensibilities and faithful to Homer’s nearly 3,000-year-old poem. The project took several years to com- plete for Wilson, 54, who has published four books on ancient literature, including a 2023 translation of “The Iliad,” another epic poem by Homer. In her translation of “The Odyssey,” which was published by W.W. Norton & Company, Wilson departed from the mascu- line framing used by her male predeces- sors. She has said on several occasions that the decision has subjected her to online har- assment and misogyny from men and far- right figures who object to her translation. While promoting his blockbuster movie, Nolan mentioned Wilson’s translation of
By JONATHAN ABRAMS
“The Odyssey” as one of his influences. Wilson is department chairwoman of Classical studies at the University of Penn- sylvania and was recognized as a 2019 Mac- Arthur fellow for “bringing classical litera- ture to new audiences in works that convey ancient texts’ relevance to our time.” She has a bachelor’s degree in classical litera- ture and philosophy from Oxford, a master of philosophy in English literature from Ox- ford and a Ph.D. in classics and comparative literature from Yale.
What did Wilson say about Christopher Nolan’s adaptation of ‘The Odyssey’? Five days before the movie’s premiere, Wil- son, appearing on a July 12 episode of “The Daily,” a podcast of The New York Times, said she was “pumped” to see how the tale played out on the big screen. “I mean, it’s going to be exciting that so many people who may have thought, Oh, ancient literature is boring, or it’s not for me, or it’s too inaccessible, are then going to realize, actually, this is a really compelling story,” Wilson said. “And some proportion of the people who go to the movie will then turn back to the original poem, which I think is great. I love that.” Asked about purists potentially taking exception to Nolan’s artistic choices, Wilson said it would not be the first time that Ho- meric poems were adapted for performance. “I think it’s totally fine and valid for a di- rector to explore his own vision,” she said of Nolan. But after she saw the movie, Wilson wrote that Nolan’s adaptation lacked many of the elements that made the poem great. “It has nothing convincing to say about time, memory, history, war, or about the relationship between one warrior’s glori- ous return and the lives of his family, ad- versaries, comrades, friends and neigh- bours,” she wrote. “It lacks psychological, emotional, political and ethical depth. Its narrative structure is gimmicky. The writ- ing is abysmal.” Wilson argued that the movie embraced
I still haven’t. I’m just being told that.
At what age were you first told that? I don’t know — 80, 75.
That’s hard to believe. Don’t find it hard to believe. My career didn’t even get started when I was 50.
What goes through your head when people say that you have a profound voice and cadence? “Gee whiz” is what goes through my head. “Really? Thank you very much.” That’s it. What else are you going to do with it?
Is there anything specific that you’ve done to hone it through the years? No. Just try to speak clearly. That’s all.
style over substance. “It’s a family-friendly audiovisual spec- tacle, like an elaborate Fourth of July fire- works display — and with about the same level of narrative and emotional depth,” she wrote. Nolan’s casting choices also drew criti- cism from Wilson. “Most of the non-white actors — Zen- daya, Lupita Nyong’o, Himesh Patel, Corey Antonio Hawkins, Travis Scott — play ver- sions of the Black best friend, whose only role in the drama is to provide aid to the white protagonist,” she wrote. On Wednesday Wilson expressed regret on Bluesky over how she had presented that criticism. “In this piece, I regret the paragraph about the uses of the POC actors — who are all great, but IMO underutilized (and why couldn’t Himesh Patel be Odysseus in- stead?),” she wrote. “I still think the film largely wastes its strong cast, but I framed it badly.”
What’s there is there.
You have dived into blues music. Why is that important to you? Blues music is, No. 1, America’s bottom-line heritage, and that bottom-line heritage be- longs to the Black population of this coun- try. We created it. We nursed it along — this is blues and gospel — because there are a lot of our gospel singers that came out doing the blues after. Money in blues is better than money gospel song. And the two are inextri- cably married. I didn’t really sit down and decide that this is something I have to do. It was sort of pressed on me. I was in Clarksdale one day, and a couple of backpackers were walking the streets and they were trying to find some place that
RYAN GREEN/PARAMOUNT+
TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
The classicist Emily Wilson, above, is the first woman to translate “The Odyssey” into English. Her scathing review of the wildly successful Christopher Nolan movie — “It lacks psychological, emotional, political and ethical depth” — has in turn been criticized by some commentators.
In the new season of “Lioness,” Morgan Freeman returns as Edwin Mullins, the U.S. secretary of state, above and far left with Michael Kelly, who plays Byron Westfield, a C.I.A. official.
they could listen to the blues in Clarksdale and there was no place. My partner and I, we just decided that’s a no-go. We’ve got to do something about that. So, I can’t really sit here and say to you that’s been a passion of mine all my life. The necessity for doing it was pressed upon me.
Is there a key element to a script that makes you say yes to it? If somebody offers you a job, it’s very nice if they’re offering you also an exciting script, but in reality, two or three things come into play. What are they going to pay you? If they’re going to pay you enough, then you overlook some of the glitches in the script that happen to be there. Sometimes you can mention things that are in the script that don’t quite work out for you and by and large, that gets worked out.
Is there a role left that you haven’t played that you still want to? No. I’m pushing 90 now. So, the roles that I wished I had been able to play, Denzel Washington will play.
What is it that keeps driving you to make art? I’m like Clint Eastwood on that: Don’t let the old man in. So, keep working. If you can get out of bed and don’t fall down when you do it, then you just count your blessings and keep moving. So, I’ll work as long as I can — as long as somebody says, “Do you want to do this part?”
Among those who have pushed back against Wilson’s criticism and in Nolan’s defense are the novelist Joyce Carol Oates, a retired professor of the humanities at Princeton and a National Book Award winner. “Yes, her tone of dismissal & haughty su- periority strike a sour note,” Oates wrote on X. “Rather than disagreeing with inter- pretations of Homer in a collegial manner, this person, who has benefited enormously from Nolan’s film, speaks in the crude lan- guage of MAGA folks attacking someone with ideas that differ from hers.” Oates said she would have expected a translator, whose role she described as having subjectivity, to be more tolerant.
How do other scholars feel about the adaptation? In an online commentary for Slate, Theo Nash, who has published on the textual history of “The Odyssey,” accused Wilson of using “baffling arguments” to “flay” No- lan’s latest movie. The article was titled: “I’m a Classicist. Were Emily Wilson and I Watching the Same Odyssey Movie?” Nash said Nolan was entitled to his artis- tic interpretation. “Wilson is naturally at her best when discussing the poem itself: This is a work to which she has dedicated years of her life, and she knows it intimately,” Nash wrote. “But too often she simply criticizes Nolan for deviating from it, as if the film- maker’s choices were not also an act of in- terpretation. The close attention to the text that informs Wilson’s translation is lacking in her reading of the movie, and the idea that Nolan might have something new to say about ‘The Odyssey’ is denied.” Daniel Mendelsohn, a professor of hu- manities at Bard College whose own trans- lation of “The Odyssey” was published last year by the University of Chicago Press, wrote in The New York Review of Books that the most authentic thing about the movie was its “densely braided narrative,” while the “tormented hero sounds like the heroes of Christopher Nolan movies.” “Whatever his lifelong fascination with the epic, Nolan has merely remade Homer’s hero in his own image, just as he has imposed on Odysseus’s adventures values utterly foreign to Homer,” Mendelsohn wrote.
LAUREN SMITH/PARAMOUNT+
Other films include a sci-fi caper, a revenge western and a trip over the rainbow.
IT’S A GOOD TIME for genre movie fans will- ing to peek into the quieter corners of their subscription streaming services — we’ve got a revenge western, a breezy Bayou thriller and a sci-fi caper that’s very much of the moment, in addition to the usual assort- ment of thought-provoking dramas and ru- minative documentaries.
‘Fast Charlie’ (2023) Stream it on Netflix. Pierce Brosnan and the director Phillip Noyce were involved in multiple install- ments of gigantic action franchises (Bros- nan for James Bond, and Noyce with Jack Ryan), which makes their collaboration on this short, breezy, light neo-noir thriller all the more charming; it feels like something they knocked off for fun, rather than a cyni- cal attempt to cash in on their previous suc- cesses. Based on Victor Gischler’s novel “Gun Monkeys,” it stars Brosnan as a mob fixer inching toward retirement whose pri- mary job seems to be attending to his dying boss (James Caan, touchingly vulnerable in his final film appearance) — until a rival boss goes after them, prompting the old hit man back into action. Brosnan’s accent takes some getting used to, but it’s a sly, be- guiling performance, and he generates a genuine sense of warmth and sweetness in a kinda-sorta romantic subplot with More- na Baccarin as an associate’s amusingly in- different widow.
‘They Call Her Death’ (2025) Stream it on Amazon Prime Video. A frontier widow slaps on her six-shooters and goes looking for vengeance in this low- budget riff on grindhouse westerns (foreign and domestic), anchored by a tough yet em- pathetic central performance by the prom- ising newcomer Sheri Rippel. Austin Snell — who is the picture’s writer, director, edi- tor, cinematographer and score composer — creates an appropriately retro look and feel, shooting on film and tossing off the tropes of not only vintage oaters but also ’70s revenge films and blood-spurting hor- ror flicks. But it’s not all simple homage; Snell devises inventive (if occasionally stomach-churning) sequences, including a hammer torture scene that’s especially memorable. Some of his special effects are mighty dodgy, but that’s also authentic to the films he is quoting, and at its best, “They Call Her Death” engages in the over-the-top mythmaking that old-school westerns do best.
‘The Dutchman’ (2026) Stream it on Paramount Plus. Amiri Baraka’s 1964 one-act play “Dutch- man” is a potent, allegorical chamber piece, in which an encounter between a Black man and a white woman on a New York subway steadily escalates from casual conversation to loaded seduction to emotional and physi- cal violence. Its initial 1967 film adaptation basically shot the play; this version, from the director Andre Gaines (who wrote the
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script with Qasim Basir), is more unortho- dox, not only updating the time frame and specifics but expanding the narrative to in- clude the original play as a plot point. It’s risky, and Gaines’s structural flourishes don’t all land. But it’s a fascinating way to approach a text that is both timeless and specific, and the performers (especially An- dré Holland and Kate Mara in the central roles) are electrifying.
‘Good Luck, Have Fun, Don’t Die’ (2026) Stream it on Hulu. Gore Verbinski made his name as a director of big, crowd-pleasing franchise films like “Pirates of the Caribbean” and “The Ring,” but he always offsets those paychecks with comparatively eccentric efforts like “The Weather Man” and “A Cure for Wellness.” His latest is of the latter vein, combining el- ements of apocalyptic science fiction, time- jump narratives, character drama and A.I. alarmism into a big, boiling stew of para- noia and panic that feels particularly timely. (It’s also a rare contemporary film that gen- uinely grapples with the way our phones have come to monopolize our attention, and the short- and long-term effects of that dom- ination.) Sam Rockwell is smashing as an unlikely savior — maybe a hero, maybe a madman — and the stacked supporting cast (including Zazie Beetz, Michael Peña, Ha- ley Lu Richardson and Juno Temple) is fun and frisky.
‘Lucky Grandma’ (2020) Stream it on Amazon Prime Video. Tsai Chin is a legend of Asian American cin- ema, popping up in everything from the ’60s “Fu Manchu” movies to “The Joy Luck Club” to “Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings,” but usually in supporting roles. Here, she’s front and center, the title charac- ter in this high-spirited crime comedy from
GOOD DEED ENTERTAINMENT Top, Pierce Brosnan in “Fast Charlie,” a thriller based on Victor Gischler’s novel “Gun Monkeys.” Above, Tsai Chin is the lead in “Lucky Grandma,” directed by Sasie Sealy. Below, “Good Luck, Have Fun, Don’t Die,” a steaming pot of paranoia.
Edited by Will Shortz
ACROSS
1 “Handy” kitchen
item
5 Smears with goo
11 Music genre with
offbeat rhythms
14 So-called
“servebot” in tennis, essentially
15 Action on the
front lines
16 Hunk of cash
17 Words uttered
words
while sorting potential gowns for an Indian wedding?
19 Word aptly
hidden in “moldy”
20 Some marksmen
21 Stringed
instruments of old
23 Inc. alternative
24 Kind of whale
27 Wedding feast
delivery from India’s capital?
31 Unwelcome
responsibility
33 Rawboned
34 “Deadline” for a
rush order
35 Bit of tailoring
36 Writer Rand
38 Great Leap
Forward leader
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C O S T S N A I L A R E A O D O R T E D D Y P U M P M I D I A B A S E I N C A B E A C H B U M P E T E R Y E L L C R O C H E T I C E C R E A M M A K E R A I S L E O O Z E O A F M A T E M I L N E H U R L B O A B E T A B U G L E T R U E C R I M E S H O W S T E A L T H M A L T L A S I K C H I L L I N G E T A S B L O O D E V E R P E L E A G A M E R A R E T R E S E A T E N S N O W
39 Longoria with
three Screen Actors Guild awards 40 Celestial sphere 41 Hold power, as a
ruler 43 “You said it!” 44 Tying the knot
during a colorful Hindu festival? 48 One who
makes a lasting impression while just scratching the surface 49 Part of NATO:
Abbr. 50 When repeated,
“You get the gist” 52 Enter furtively 56 Mysterious sight
at night 57 “Esteemed
reception guests, we regret to report that we’ve run out of flatbread,” e.g.? 61 Scratch the
surface of, say 62 Like the physicist
Niels Bohr and the astronomer Tycho Brahe 63 Stock market
unveilings, for short 64 “___ you done?” 65 Luxury transports 66 Common
workout target
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1 The “m” in
many a physics equation
2 Self-assured
3 Actress Polo
4 Toughest hits to
get when hitting for the cycle in baseball
5 Sear
6 “___ of luck!”
7 Quick
communications, in brief
8 Postgraduate
deg. with management courses
the director Sasie Sealy. Chin is Grandma Wong, a fiercely independent 80-year-old denizen of Chinatown in New York, who finds herself unexpectedly in possession of big bag stuffed with mob money. Sealy’s di- rection is raucous and stylish, striking a bracing balance between sending up the clichés of the indie crime movie and deploy- ing them with a knowing wink. And she got lucky by casting Chin, who can convey toughness, pathos or self-aware humor with the smallest of gestures.
Rey
‘It’s Dorothy!’ (2025) Stream it on Peacock. The classic 1939 film adaptation of L. Frank Baum’s “The Wizard of Oz” is one of the most dissected movies of all time, inspiring countless books and documentaries. So the documentarian Jeffrey McHale wisely wid- ens his scope for this spirited essay film, taking its protagonist as its subject, in her many iterations on stage and screen. Clev- erly interweaving clips from a variety of “Oz”-related ephemera, beloved and forgot- ten (ever seen the BBC competition show “Over the Rainbow”?), as well as inter- views with several of the actresses who have filled Dorothy’s ruby slippers, “It’s Dorothy!” tackles shifts in popular culture, racial identification and queer-friendly readings with intellectual dexterity and playful curiosity.
‘Secret Mall Apartment’ (2024) Stream it on Netflix. Sometimes a movie delivers exactly what its title promises, and sure enough, this doc- umentary from the director Jeremy Work- man tells the story of how, in the mid-2000s, a group of Rhode Island artists discovered a tucked-away space in the Providence Place Mall — backrooms before “Backrooms,” if you will — and turned it into a crash pad. Alternating between grainy archival footage and contemporaneous interviews with the suburban squatters, Workman’s film initially plays like a slacker heist mov- ie. But it soon reveals itself as a thoughtful exploration of gentrification, sprawl and who gets to define what art is (and what it does).
12 Green smoothie
staple
13 Tosses in
18 “Little” Dickens
girl
22 Up to this point
24 ___-free (plastics
label)
25 Tina Fey and Amy
Poehler vis-à-vis “Saturday Night Live”
26 Singer ___ Del
27 Longtime
Hogwarts headmaster
28 Set aflame
29 Wander
30 Graceful bird
BRIARCLIFF ENTERTAINMENT
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8/4/26
37 “You said it!”
42 Canine warning
43 Like a cherub
45 “___ be a real
honor”
46 Transforms
47 Cookie with an
“enrobed” variety in the U.K.
50 Arizona city or
county
51 At a distance
52 Film information
on IMDb or Rotten Tomatoes
53 Cops, in slang
54 Iconic lab
assistant of film
55 Where Anheuser-
Busch is “BUD”
Misty Copeland, who retired as the first Black female principal of American Ballet Theater in October, views creating opportunities for other artists as part of her responsibility toward dance.
MISTY COPELAND
‘Everything I’m doing is connected to ballet in some way and will have different layers and levels of impact.’
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Opera Ballet étoiles Guillaume Diop and Sae Eun Park in “Romeo and Juliet” and “Thaïs”; Taylor Stanley, the New York City Ballet principal, in solos by Kyle Abraham and Andrea Miller; selections from Dance Theater of Harlem’s “Firebird”; and Hub- bard Street Dance Chicago’s Shota Miyoshi in Bob Fosse’s “Percussion IV.” One goal was to showcase different gen- erations of choreographers: Ingrid Silva, who recently retired from Dance Theater, and James Whiteside, a Ballet Theater prin- cipal, will show short works along with the veteran Alonzo King. Copeland also commissioned premieres by up-and-comers: There will be works by Ilo, an Atlanta-based choreographer, who works in house dance; and Aleisha Walker, a member of American Ballet Theater. “It was really important to me that I was giving opportunities to younger dancers,” Copeland said. A driving focus, onstage and off, in her life after dancing is young people — including young readers. This fall Copeland has a book coming out for middle schoolers called “Firebird Waltz.” Set in a performing arts academy, the story is about students who find out that their school is magical; their mentor is secretly a firebird. “They’re honing these skills in this per- forming arts school, but their art is their magical powers,” she said. “They’re like lit- tle superheroes.” It’s part of her bigger plan. “I feel like ev- erything I’m doing is connected to ballet in some way and will have different layers and levels of impact,” she said. “How are we us- ing ballet in different spaces?” But first: the Joyce festival. In a recent conversation, Copeland spoke about it and about ballet’s potential reach beyond it. What follows are edited excerpts from that interview.
What were you thinking for this festival? I went into this coming out of my farewell performance. I was like, What is the point of this A.B.T. farewell performance? Initially, I wanted to do all these things around what I think the future of ballet should be. I was like, I don’t want my farewell performance to be about me. And everyone’s just like, “What are you doing? Let’s celebrate what you did do and close that.”
So this is an extension of your ideas for your farewell? All of these thoughts were kind of manifest- ing during that time. This was just the per- fect outlet to be able to do a lot of different things.
For example? I really wanted to center Black, brown and queer artists. My initial thought was, how do we bring together artists from different worlds and backgrounds and generations? I just ran home from a lunch with Ilo [who uses they/them pronouns]. I really feel like I’ve taken them under my wing. This is a big experience for them.
How did you get to know Ilo? Maybe two years ago I was at Emory in At- lanta, speaking. One of the highlights was getting to meet one of their star dancer-cho- reographers, and it happened to be Ilo, who showed one of their works. I was just so blown away. They were the first person I thought of when the Joyce came to me with this opportunity.
Do you find that you’re more drawn to con- temporary ballet at this point? Absolutely. And I definitely was pushed by Danni and Ross not to exclude the classics, which are such a big part of my journey and I think are important for the future of classi- cal dance, clearly. But it was important to find the right pieces that would work with the vibe of who’s performing them as well.
Did the dancers choose their repertoire with you? We started with a list of dancers that I was interested in having and then started as- signing things. Of course that didn’t work! For a variety of reasons.
Logistically and time-wise, it can be difficult for dancers to learn new works. It’s just so hard, the puzzle pieces of all of these dancers all over the world. But it’s also nice to have people be able to do things
Play Wordle. And more.
that are meaningful to them, that they have experience performing.
How much time will you spend at rehearsals? There are rehearsals that I am attending. I also don’t want to get in the way. I want peo- ple to feel support, but I also don’t want them to feel like, I don’t know, any other thing. I’m not trying to like give my input or feedback. It’s like, do your thing.
In all this time, you’ve never produced a “Misty Copeland and Friends” show. Is that not your thing? I definitely will never do a “Misty and Friends.” I think it implies that I would be at the center of it, dancing, and I definitely don’t want that. I’ve been thinking about cu- rating something that’s broader, so it would-
n’t just be dancers; it could be visual artists, it could be vocalists. And if I were to be a part of it, I would want to be very small, dip my toe in. I would like to be able to use my connections and my platform to bring attention to it. I want to be able to use my influence in different ways.
What do you see as your responsibility toward dance? It’s about creating opportunity. It’s about creating access. It’s about continuing to not just be a voice in my time, but how are we setting up the next generation? That’s been important to me throughout my whole ca- reer. How am I continuing to change the way people view it in other communities and other parts of our country? I hope I will be changing what access looks like in ballet.
You’re on the board of Ballet Theater. How else are you involved? I’ve kind of been designated the ABTKids host for the kids show that they do. It’s such a fun experience. I mean, it’s full of kids, right? And they’re talking and yelling, and they’re in it. I did my very first bit of “Swan Lake” for a kids show.
How did it go? I’ll never forget it. The host explains the dif- ferent pieces and gets everyone excited, and then the dance happens. So they’re told a swan is coming, and I come out, and a little girl in the balcony starts screaming, “Where is the swan? Where is the swan?” Like thinking that a real swan was going to come onstage. She was so disappointed. [Laughs] I was like, Oh my god: If I can do this . . . I did it.
THEA TRAFF FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
In some ways, Domi, 27, and Beck, 23, are an unlikely partnership. She is French; he’s from Dallas. She’s conservatory-trained, often using sheet music onstage; he does not read music notation. But both of them have been completely immersed in music since childhood. “Our only true reference to life is through the lens of music,” Beck said. Domi, born Domitille Degalle in Metz, France, started playing drums as a 2-year- old and switched to piano a year later. Her father, though not a musician, was deter- mined that his children would have an artis- tic outlet, and Domi was required to prac- tice piano for five hours every day. From the age of 3 to 15, Domi said, she had no days off. “Not on Christmas, on your birthday, when you’re sick,” she said. “Nope, you will practice. So by 15 years old I had, like, 25,000 hours of practice. And I would not trade it for anything else. Even though it was super hard, I happened to love it. I still love it. Practicing by yourself is the most peaceful thing you can do.” Domi enrolled in the Grand Nancy Regional Conservatory in France at 5 and later attended the Paris Conservatory. She came to the United States as a teenager with a scholarship to the Berklee College of Music in Boston. Beck started playing piano at 5. “I learned that it wasn’t necessarily piano I liked — it was music in general,” he said. “And I had a lot of energy. I would play soc- cer with my dad all the time. I just liked fast- moving things. And drums fit my childlike first instinct.” Musicians in Dallas, including members of Erykah Badu’s band, took the young drummer under their wing. Beck absorbed jazz, funk, soul, hip-hop and electronic dance music. Domi and Beck met in 2018 and started writing together almost imme- diately. They soon started posting prolifical- ly to YouTube, Instagram and SoundCloud. In 2020, after the death of the rapper and producer MF Doom, they uploaded a four- minute medley of songs from “Madvillainy,” Doom’s 2004 album with Madlib, that drew millions of views. Fellow musicians quickly noticed the duo, and so did musical-instrument makers. Their material was deep music-nerd terri- tory, full of extended chords and tricky time signatures, usually a limited niche. But Domi & JD Beck escaped that pigeonhole with their youthful charm, clear melodies and an endearing stage presence. They were offered studio collaborations and got gigs as band members, notably with the bassist and funk experimenter Thundercat and with the rapper and bandleader Anderson .Paak. They were in the studio with .Paak while he and Bruno Mars, collaborating as Silk Sonic, were trying to complete the song “Skate” and getting frustrated. “I was like, ‘Why don’t you guys try to help us make this [expletive] song?’” .Paak said in a tele- phone interview. “You can do all that diffi- cult stuff, but what about something that’s just in the pocket?” He gave them a demo of the vocal melody, and they came back with the foundation for the song. “They helped put together the blueprint,” .Paak said. When .Paak started a custom label dis- tributed through the venerable Blue Note Records, Domi & JD Beck were his first signing. “I thought they were captivating,” he said. “I thought they were two people that you could just put in a room and people would be enamored just by their skill. They had a magnetic kind of thing to them.” .Paak asked them to suggest possible col- laborators for the album, and they gave him a multigenerational wish list, placing them- selves at a nexus of jazz, hip-hop and twisted pop. The guests on “Not Tight” tele- graphed the duo’s multipronged influences: the jazz keyboard master Herbie Hancock, the rappers Snoop Dogg and Busta Rhymes, the indie-rocker Mac DeMarco and the MacArthur Award-winning jazz guitarist Kurt Rosenwinkel, along with ap- pearances from .Paak and Thundercat. After the album’s release, Domi and JD Beck toured for two years, far and wide. On- stage, they faced each other in close prox- imity, with both hands and feet visibly zooming through the songs. It was real-
To Take Break After Her Tour
By ALEXANDRA E. PETRI
Ariana Grande will curtail public appear- ances after her world tour wraps up in Sep- tember, citing “endless, ongoing public scrutiny” as a reason for her “much-needed break,” according to a statement issued on her behalf. Grande, 33, who is in Chicago for her Eternal Sunshine Tour, “will be taking a step back from visibility” after the tour con- cludes in London, a representative for the singer said on Sunday. “She looks forward to finishing the tour and ending it on a high note, both healthily and happily, and then taking a much-de- served break from public-facing work and appearances, which has led to endless, on- going public scrutiny,” the statement said. Empire Street Productions, an independ- ent production company, confirmed in a statement on social media on Sunday that Grande would no longer star in the new stage production of Stephen Sondheim’s “Sunday in the Park With George,” which is set to open next year at the Barbican Center in London. “We know this cannot have been an easy decision, and she makes it with our com- plete understanding and support,” Empire
The debut album of Domi and JD Beck, above, featured guest appearances from the likes of Herbie Hancock and Snoop Dogg. Below, Beck, left, and Domi are shown performing in 2023. The duo built a following online that translated into a whirlwind of success.
Ariana Grande will no longer star in the musical “Sunday in the Park With George.”
Street Productions said. “We wish her noth- ing but the best.” The company added that the production would continue as planned. Grande, an actress as well as a pop star, has faced increasing scrutiny about her weight loss, with images of and headlines about her splashed across tabloids and so- cial media. She released her eighth studio album, “Petal,” on Friday, which trades her signa- ture effervescence for something darker and more brooding as she appears irritated by the invasive nature of fame.
time, physical virtuosity, not a programmed playback. Between songs, the duo shared giggly, self-deprecating banter. They con- tinued to work social media, and their NPR Tiny Desk Concert drew 1.8 million streams. Then, for two years, they went quiet. No social media clips, no gigs. They had written their first album piecemeal, amid touring and sideman work. This time, new music was their only project. They decided to make an album without big-name guests. “We needed to find out, ‘Who are we without anything else?’” Domi said. But a 2023 tour with the Dutch ensemble Metropole Orkest had opened their ears to the possibilities of orchestral instruments. They embraced the idea of hiring classically
MARIO ANZUONI/REUTERS
By JOHNNY DIAZ
The Broadway musical “Hadestown” par- ted ways with an actor who had been set to join the production next month after com- ments he made about transgender people in online videos surfaced. The actor, Geno Segers, was to join the Tony Award-winning production as Hades, god of the underworld, with an all-new prin- cipal cast on Sept. 1, according to a news re- lease from the show last week. But in a statement on Sunday, the show announced that “the producers of ‘Ha- destown’ and Geno Segers have mutually agreed that Mr. Segers will no longer join the Broadway production.” The statement did not give a reason for Segers’s departure. He was to star with Am- ber Iman as Persephone; Jasmin Savoy Brown as Eurydice; and Kayko as Orpheus. “Additional casting will be announced,” the statement added. The videos in question appeared to have been removed or made private on Segers’s social media accounts sometime after he was announced in the new cast on July 30. But in clips shared by the OnStage Blog, an online theater publication, he comments on the trans community. The OnStage Blog said the clips were from Segers’s YouTube page. In one clip, Segers says: “I’m not against anyone living out their lives the way they want, but I am against their rights super-
trained musicians, multiplying the possibil- ities for counterpoint. “Being players grow- ing up, we’ve always had a thing in our head, like, ‘How is this performed live?’” Beck said. “And I think that was holding us back.” On tour, they had been listening to an ever-broader array of music; they cited Björk, Deerhoof, Brian Wilson, Steve Reich, Stravinsky, Julius Eastman, Led Zeppelin, Scriabin and the electronic duo Autechre. While making the album, they repeatedly watched two movies they found especially inspirational: Stanley Kubrick’s “Barry Lyndon” and Akira Kurosawa’s “Dreams,” which both influenced the earth-toned pal- ette of their new album cover and video clips. They had a story in mind for a film
ARTURO HOLMES/GETTY IMAGES FOR GQ
seding the rights of other people. That’s a little bit foul.” He adds, “I don’t see transgender people becoming oppressed or being oppressed.” In another clip, Segers appears to criti- cize the practice of asking others their pre- ferred pronouns. “If you asked me what my preferred pronouns are and it’s not obvious to you that I’m a he/him, that I’m good with he/him, surely you don’t need any help. I’m not wearing a dress.” In that same clip, Segers likens transgen- der people to people pretending they are service animals in hopes of receiving dis- counts on airfare. It was not clear when the videos were re- corded. Segers and his representatives did not immediately respond to requests for com- ment. “Hadestown” has had a seven-year run at the Walter Kerr Theater on Broadway. Writ- ten by Anaïs Mitchell and directed by Ra- chel Chavkin, the musical reimagines the ancient myth of Orpheus and Eurydice, and their journey into the underworld, with a New Orleans-style blues and jazz sound. In 2019, it won eight Tony Awards, including best musical. Segers, a singer and voice artist, began his career playing Mufasa in the Australian production of “The Lion King,” according to a biography that accompanied the “Ha- destown” news release. His television cred- its include “Yellowstone,” “Teen Wolf” and “Castle.”
with the album — but not the budget for it. They worked endlessly on details. Each orchestral musician was recorded sepa- rately in their small home studio, and “they all said it was the hardest part ever,” Domi said. “But they were very into it, because it was challenging.” “It took us two years,” Domi said. “The first year was wonderful. We went through the writing, we went through playing our parts. We felt like it was going at the right pace and we were laying down all of our brains in a funny way, you know? And the second year was incredibly difficult. We en- countered every single difficulty, like organ- izing and having to record the orchestra one by one. It took us 110 hours.” “And 300 hours to mix,” Beck added. “We don’t want to be so isolated again. Two years of working on the same thing, 12 hours a day, seeing no one, it was — yeah, I don’t like it.” Except for three instrumental tracks, the songs on “Who Asked?” have lyrics and dis- tinct pop structures: verses, choruses, bridges. “The songs feel slower to us on this record, I swear,” Beck said. But they are teeming with counterpoint at every level. Domi and Beck often sing si- multaneous, crisscrossing melody lines, which in turn intersect with pointillistic mo- tifs from keyboards, woodwinds, strings and more. Meanwhile, Beck’s drums spat- ter ever-changing cross-rhythms against the intricate chamber-pop constructions, and every so often there’s a swerve into im- provisation. The new lyrics are far less casual than they were on “Not Tight.” The underlying story isn’t obvious, but the songs ponder creativity, human connection, change, hope and the inevitable passage of time. In “Growing Older,” Domi and Beck sing, “Days cascading out of sight / Younger ways like fleeting light.” And they conclude “Climbing High,” the album’s last song with words, by singing “Facing the open / Ended / Questions / Answers.” “We ended the record feeling excited and hopeful for more, a new one, the next one,” Domi said. “Let’s keep going.”
JAKE DOCKINS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Geno Segers in 2019. He had been expected to join the Broadway production next month.
JASON ZINOMAN ON COMEDY In Feminist Stand-Up, She Is Standing Out
There is a long, entrenched history of sex- ism in comedy, but this era in 2016 and 2017, roughly between the predictions of the first female president and the reckoning of the
mercial high-water mark for marquee femi- nist stand-up. It also feels like a very long time ago. While the most influential Netflix special of the first Trump administration was “Na- nette,” the streamer has doubled down on the manosphere in the second administra- tion, releasing hours by Tony Hinchcliffe (along with three different “Kill Tony” spe- cials) and Andrew Schulz. And conversa- tions about gender parity are less common these days than ones about who could be the left’s Joe Rogan. Meanwhile, with men dominating arena comedy shows, only a quarter of the Netflix specials this year have been by women, even though, com- pared with past eras, there are many female comics flourishing today, including Nikki Glaser, Leanne Morgan and Wanda Sykes. It’s a perfect moment for Mary Beth Bar- one to stand out. She’s an ascendant 35- year-old comic whose spiky, dryly funny and slyly topical humor has long been inter- ested in the obstacle course for women in stand-up. In her debut special, “Thought Provoking,” she used a sarcastic quip to al- lude to the kind of intense backlash that art- ists like Schumer, Gadsby and Lena Dun- ham have experienced. “Being a woman in comedy is so much fun,” she said, “because the goal is to become so successful that you become the most hated person on the entire planet.” Barone’s new follow-up, “Galaxy Brain” (on Netflix), is even more darkly ironic, a pleasingly prickly hour, equal parts wry and righteous. With a happy warrior smile, she bites the hand that streams her, saying it’s rare for women to get Netflix specials, be- fore joking: “I had to have sex with so many executives over there.” Then she recalls her anxiety over the news that Netflix was try- ing to buy Warner Bros. (a potential deal that has since been scuttled). “Now I have to bounce on some broth- ers?” Acting dumb, she wonders, “How many are there?” The bit mocks sexist assumptions about female success by playing into them. Her bleak perspective is apparent in her jokes and built into her aloof persona. You see this with her emotionally flat delivery. It’s not just deadpan. It’s dead inside. Barone started in comedy a decade ago and said in a recent interview with Vulture that Schumer’s work was formative (along with shows like “Broad City”). She mixes observational humor with jokes that touch on history and dating. (“Casual sex is like religion. It would be so cool if it was real.”) She gets some of her most cutting politi- cal points across indirectly, with the per- sona of a woman trapped by circumstance, expectations and her own self-loathing. You see something similar in her empathetic performance of what looks like a standard- issue popular girl in “Overcompensating,” an Amazon series starring Benito Skinner, who also collaborates with her on a hit pod- cast. This playful new hour evokes the raunchy crowd-pleasing feminist political comedy of a decade ago while reflecting a
NETFLIX
Ninajirachi and Porter Robinson create an unusual narrator, while Lindsay Lou forms an all-star team.
Shaboozey, at the El Rey Theater in Los Angeles in July, in a duet with Kehlani in “Bullets & Blades,” a song from his new album, “The Outlaw Cherie Lee & Other Western Tales.”
Top, Mary Beth Barone in her new comedy special, “Galaxy Brain,” on Netflix. Above, Barone, far left, in the Amazon series “Overcompensating.”
By JON PARELES
WHAT’S NEW
Ariana Grande, ‘Petal’ “Petal,” the title track of Ariana Grande’s new album, couldn’t be more meta. “They say the artist needs tears to write again,” she sings, “’cause all of my favorite stories end in catastrophe.” But she also realizes that “I’m practically drowning in my bless- ings.” The production is a hollowed-out, scratchy impression of vintage soul, with bassy eruptions that Grande’s voice sails above. The tormented-artist paradigm en- dures, more self-conscious than ever.
Ninajirachi and Porter Robinson, ‘WannaCry’ In 2017 a ransomware virus known as Wan- naCry locked up hundreds of thousands of computers across the world. The Australian songwriter and producer Ninajirachi, whose 2025 album “I Love My Computer” giddily explored life as a digital native, and the electronic music producer Porter Rob- inson have collaborated on a song that makes the virus its narrator. “I’ve been ev- erywhere / through every undefended door,” Ninajirachi chirps, later adding, “I wanna cry, I wanna multiply more times.” A trance-y four-on-the-floor beat and a boop- ing synthesizer hook capture the auto- mated determination of the virus. The track arrives just in time for current news about the latest A.I. models hacking one another.
Shaboozey, featuring Kehlani, ‘Bullets & Blades’ Shaboozey’s melancholy baritone is brim- ming with solace in “Bullets & Blades” from his new album, “The Outlaw Cherie Lee & Other Western Tales.” In a waltz with an or- chestra swelling behind him, he reassures Kehlani that he sees the scars of “a past full of pain,” but “I like how they look on your face”; she urges, “Convince me that my ugly’s beautiful.” It’s a song for all kinds of trauma survivors.
Francisca Valenzuela, ‘Maldita’ “Maldita” (meaning “Damned” or “Cursed”) is the title track of the new album by the Chilean songwriter Francisca Valen- zuela, who founded the Ruidosa Fest of women in Latin music. The album grapples bluntly with the ups and downs of her first year as a new mother. In “Maldita,” she bat- tles postpartum depression, cursing her feelings of isolation and loneliness — at first over single piano notes that land like punk chords, building to a full-harmony chorus with strings, but ending up lo-fi and alone.
Lindsay Lou, ‘I’ve Endured’ “I’ve Endured” is a longtime bluegrass standard written by Ola Belle Reed, who started performing in the 1940s. It’s a remi- niscence about hardscrabble mountain liv- ing and an open question: “How long can one endure?” It will be included on “Blue- grass Women” by the guitarist and singer Lindsay Lou, an all-star album due Aug. 14 that brings together many of the women who have mastered string-band instru- ments. On “I’ve Endured,” Lou shares vo- cals with Sarah Jarosz (on octave man- dolin) and Emma Rose (on bass), backed by
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politics and pessimism that is very much of the moment. Decked out in a sparkling, prom-ready gown, she begins by staring at herself in a mirror backstage, her image covered with the word “Whore” written in lipstick. It’s a dark opening. Many comics work hard to make you love them, but Barone, who grew up in a Repub- lican home and is now a Democratic Social- ist, risks going overboard in making you un- derstand she dislikes herself. On the sur- face, she is poised and put together. But with a self-awareness that can be almost compulsive, she keeps showing you the panic underneath. Early in “Galaxy Brain,” Barone says Netflix told her that she must be likable within the first three minutes, because that is when people abandon most specials.
GONZALO MARROQUIN/GETTY IMAGES FOR SPOTIFY
Sierra Hull on mandolin, Brittany Haas (of Punch Brothers) on fiddle and Allison de Groot on banjo. Their harmony makes its own implicit statement of solidarity.
Nu Jazz, ‘In My City’ Wrenching hardcore vocals, jazz rhythms, math-rock patterns and electronic loops all fuel the music of Nu Jazz, a New York City sextet that includes members of Deli Girls, Wrens and the Narcotix. “In My City,” from the new album “Un Jazz,” swiftly and fierce- ly builds up an almost unbearable pressure, with a hurtling beat behind a welter of vo- cals and instrumental lines, as purposeful and packed as the most crowded urban in- tersection.
Stand-ups like Jena Friedman and Michelle Wolf have made trenchant comedy about the likability expectations that women face. Barone approaches this subject with self- parodying absurdity, proposing that she re- main entirely quiet, because silence is the only way for a woman to get male approval. In explaining which jokes she posts on- line and which she reserves for the rela- tively safe confines of a global streaming service, she says that you must anticipate the discourse. Look at the discourse today and you see the rise of the manosphere podcasters; the celebration of “masculine energy” by Sili- con Valley titans like Mark Zuckerberg; and a president who has told female report- ers to smile or stay “quiet, piggy.” This is a target-rich environment for feminist com- edy that speaks to the moment. Barone has said she’s working on a new hour about the backlash to the #MeToo movement. Whether her star has risen enough to play the biggest rooms in comedy is yet to be seen. It’s more common for comedians to be booked in arenas than ever. Twelve head- lined Madison Square Garden in the past three years. In something of a flex, John Mulaney just announced a string of New York performances in January that in- cludes dates at Carnegie Hall, Radio City Music Hall and the Garden over three nights. This summer, Shane Gillis broke the record for selling the most tickets ever for a stand-up show when he told jokes to almost 74,000 people in Philadelphia. You don’t need to be a comedy-club snob to know that Lincoln Financial Field is not the ideal space for telling jokes. But it does produce a payday — and make a statement. The gender inequity at the upper echelons of stand-up has an effect on what success looks like. Male comics who fill arenas, like Kevin Hart and Nate Bargatze, accumulate clout, jobs and opportunities to platform others. In a recent show, the comic Chris Fleming sarcastically said, “Isn’t it great that the ruling class of comedy seem like the kind of people who would give you titty twisters in middle school?” Mary Beth Barone is not yet in the ruling class of stand-ups, but she displays the kind of ambition and instincts that could get her there. In 2025, she sent the then-mayoral candidate Zohran Mamdani a direct mes- sage asking him to appear in one of her shows at the Bell House in Brooklyn. He agreed. “Politicians are liars, so how can we trust that these things are achievable?” she asked him about his campaign promises. There is a sense of spectacle about this Netflix special. The director Ky Newman places Barone in front of a backdrop that looks like a country sky, lit up with stars. In between jokes about casual sex and the two types of white dads, she confesses that she herself considered running for mayor. She decided against it but ends her hour by starting a grass-roots women’s movement to win the next election. Step 1: On dating apps, stop swiping right on men with more conservative politics. “I did the math,” she said. “If every single woman has sex with about 1,000 moder- ates” — Barone pauses, clenches her fists intensely and flashes the most deluded- looking smile of the show — “we might be able to win this thing!”
Shearwater’s accompaniment is a serene, slowly evolving minimalist group improvi- sation, with recurring, overlapping piano lines and a quietly plaintive clarinet. It hints at both foreboding and acceptance.
WHAT’S NEW IN INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
Arca, ‘Syncope’ “XXXXX,” Arca’s first album since her “Kick” series in 2022, is a sketchbook of sound-design inspirations, a long way from clear-cut songs. That doesn’t lessen the im- pact — preferably through headphones or booming club speakers — of tracks like “Syncope,” named after the medical term for fainting. The track harnesses visceral but uncertain beats and, near the end, nose- diving bass lines and machine-gun accents, to make the whole experience ever more jolting.
The Durutti Column, ‘Your Shadow at Morning’ There’s a liminal delicacy to “Your Shadow at Morning” from “Renascent,” the Durutti Column’s first album since its guitarist and leader, Vini Reilly, suffered a series of strokes in 2010. Written and performed with the keyboardist Keir Stewart, the track is an elegiac, minor-key march. Stewart places a subdued chord on each beat, to be topped by Reilly’s wisps of acoustic and electric guitar — melodic but not quite melodies, drifting in and out of the mix like stray memories.
WHAT’S NEW ON THE CHARTS
Alyssa Grace, ‘Bloodstream’ Alyssa Grace’s voice breaks again and again through “Bloodstream,” from her EP “Spilling My Guts”; the track is No. 67 in this week’s Hot 100. Grace, 19, built her audi- ence on TikTok, strumming her acoustic guitar and wailing through songs about heartache. In “Bloodstream” she sings, tearfully, about longing for a phone call from someone she can’t let go of, although the relationship was marked by anger from both sides. Over an orchestral crescendo, she hits a high note when she declares, “I’m sorry that I couldn’t help, but I’m so glad I made it out.” But she’s still “praying to God you talk to me.”
Meet the four mathematicians who just won prestigious Fields Medals.
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SCIENCE MEDICINE TECHNOLOGY HEALTH
Experts try to figure out what sent those scouts in ‘The Odyssey’ into such a stupor. Page 4.
military raises questions about its links to aggression.
By AZEEN GHORAYSHI
Van O’Neill started taking testosterone 20 years ago, after struggling with chronic fa- tigue and undergoing tests that revealed he had low levels of the hormone in his blood. While testosterone therapy gave him an im- mediate boost in energy and drive, he said, “it came at a cost.” “I felt like I had a coiled spring in my body that was wound real tight,” Mr. O’Neill, 67, said. It didn’t take much to make him snap. Mr. O’Neill, who is in recovery for alcoholism, recalled an incident at a 12-step meeting where a member jokingly rubbed his shaved head. Mr. O’Neill jumped up and yelled, “Don’t ever put your hands on me!” He didn’t hit the man but was shocked at how close he came. Since then, Mr. O’Neill has gone off and on the medication, trying to balance its benefits with the fact that testosterone
Clubs with weight lifting, rock climbing and shared meals promote sobriety.
Setting test houses ablaze to help save communities as wildfires intensify.
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 D1
KEVIN LAMARQUE/REUTERS
How Did Turtles Evolve? Faster Than You’d Expect.
Turtles move around in their own armored sanctu- ary, have adapted to living on land and in water and are among the longest-living animals on the planet. Their anatomy is so unusual that it’s hard to pinpoint where they belong on the tree of life. Where do they come from? Who, scientists would love to know, is their common ancestor? Many paleontologists have asserted that turtles originated with an ancient reptile, Eunotosaurus africanus, which lived 260 million years ago and had a broad set of ribs that later developed into a shell. Other studies that focused on genetic evi- dence, however, have suggested that turtles are actually more similar to crocodiles and birds, and may share a common ancestor with them. “Turtle origins have always been a tough nut to crack,” said Xavier A. Jenkins, with the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. In a new study in Current Biology, Dr. Jenkins
LITERALLYMIGUEL (PROTOROSAURUS, PAPPOCHELYS); MODIFIED FROM GAFFNEY (1990)
and his colleagues say they have resolved this longstanding debate. They suggest that turtles are not holdovers from the ancient Eunoto- saurus, but are instead members of a group of reptiles called archosauromorphs that also in- cludes ancient birds, crocodiles, pterosaurs and dinosaurs. And this time, the researchers have the anatomical evidence to match the DNA. (Above are skeletal reconstructions of, from top, Protorosaurus, about 250-260 million years ago; Pappochelys, from 240 million years ago; and Proganochelys, from 220 million years ago.) When turtles first evolved, the world was just emerging from the Permian-Triassic extinction event, the largest mass extinction that Earth had ever seen. Reptiles were fanning out across the Pangea supercontinent in a rapid succession of new forms. Within 40 million years, turtles would radically change. SARA NOVAK
ONE FOR THE AGES In Race to Beat Father Time, Another Promising Entrant
The same chemical process that turns a baking cake golden brown is at work aging your body’s cells. Over decades, your tissues, baking steadily at 98.6 degrees, slowly accumulate compounds called advanced glycation end products, or AGEs, as sugars inter- act with protein and fat in the bloodstream. The buildup of AGEs is a hallmark of the aging process, making tissues like collagen sticky and rigid and causing inflammation that can lead to heart disease, eye damage, kidney disease and diabetes. Researchers have tried unsuccessfully to develop medications that stop AGEs from forming. But a new study, published in Na- ture Communications, describes a different tack: Scientists creat- ed an enzyme that cleans one of the most common AGEs from human tissue, helping to turn back the clock even after the aging compounds have settled in the body. This cleanse can help repair the tissue and could allow cells to act younger. (Below, an illustra- tion with an enzyme, in purple, breaking up aging-related chemi- cal substances, in brown, attached to proteins, in blue.) “It’s a small step in this bigger direction, because aging is very complicated,” said Aaron Cravens, a founder and the chief execu- tive of Revel Pharmaceuticals, and the lead author of the study. Many efforts to develop treatments for aspects of aging have focused on cells, which gradually lose the ability to repair them- selves and divide properly. Less attention has been given to the aging of longer-lived tissue structures such as collagen. Scientists have been aware of advanced glycation end products and their role in aging for decades. “It accumulates on tissue proteins like rust,” said John Baynes, a retired biochemist who was not involved in the study but who spent his career research- ing AGEs at the University of South Carolina Floyd School of Medicine. But researchers had no success creating drugs to inhibit the chemical reactions that produce AGEs. The study by Dr. Cravens and his colleagues began with a hy- pothesis: Since all human tissue can be recycled into the bio- sphere after death, there must be a natural way to dissolve these compounds, even though they are extremely durable. To identify that process, they looked to the enzymes inside microbes, the agents of decomposition. The team used AI to analyze the DNA sequences of 50,000 microbes and to compute the enzyme structures each genetic code would create. They then narrowed the results to several candi- dates that seemed capable of cleaving AGEs from human tissue. They eventually found one, and engineered it to be more efficient. The novel enzyme, called CMLase, became very good at removing AGEs from human tissue samples. “In the most extreme case, we took 70-year-old human skin and brought the levels back to that of a 30-year-old,” Dr. Cravens said. K. R. CALLAWAY
REVEL PHARMACEUTICALS
COSMIC CUISINE This Star Just Ate a Planet, But It’s Still a Little Hungry
A star about 1,300 light-years from Earth shows signs of having devoured one of its planets — and is now gearing up for a second helping, according to a pair of new studies. For many planets, it is their cosmic fate to one day become engulfed by their own stars, then slowly melted down into their constituent elements. This process, known as planetary engulf- ment, is destined to occur in our own solar system. When the sun balloons into its red giant phase in several billion years, it will envelop Mercury, Venus and perhaps even Earth. For now, astronomers can see examples of planetary engulf- ment elsewhere because it leaves behind elemental hints that become imprinted in the star’s light, like cosmic cookie crumbs. That’s what they saw for the hungry star named TOI-5882: It is glowing with the half-digested remains of what was likely once a planet. And that planet may have been flung to its fate by its neighbor, a celestial object called a brown dwarf that is orbiting the same star, according to a study in The Astrophysical Journal. (Left, an artist’s vision of TOI-5882 and the brown dwarf.) At 22 times the mass of Jupiter, the brown dwarf could easily disrupt the orbits of neighboring planets. But it will get its own comeuppance when it, too, is inevitably served up to its star, per- haps sooner than once expected. TOI-5882, about 30 percent more massive than the sun, at- tracted astronomers’ attention last year partly because of its orbiting brown dwarf. That huge object, known as TOI-5882-b, is very close to the star, orbiting it once every week, at a proximity that guarantees it will be engulfed in the future. But when astrono- mers took a closer look, they found that TOI-5882’s starlight re- vealed high amounts of lithium, an element far more abundant in planets than in stars. Had a planet already succumbed? Scientists have spotted signs of lithium and other planetary ingredients in many stars, hinting that they may have eaten plan- ets in the past. And TOI-5882 is at a “sweet spot” in its evolution that makes other explanations unlikely, according to Melinda Soares-Furtado, an assistant professor of astronomy and physics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and an author on both studies. BECKY FERREIRA
once every four years to those under 40, saluting accomplishments and potential.
YU DENG
Four mathematicians whose work covers areas like algebraic geometry and partial differential equations are the latest recipients of the Fields Medals, an award that is given out every four years to the brightest young researchers in the field. This year’s recipients, announced on July 23 during the International Congress of Mathematics in Philadelphia, solved cutting-edge problems, including one that seemed like a simple puzzle of geometry and another that derived a fundamental equation that describes the motion of gases. The medalists include two people who were born in China — Yu Deng, 37, a professor at the University of Chicago, and Hong Wang, 35, a professor at New York University and the Institute for Advanced Scientific Studies in France. This is the first time the cadre of Fields winners includes more than one Asian mathematician. Dr. Wang is also just the third
HONG WANG
Fluid Mechanics
Unlike most of the work that mathemati- cians do, the research of Yu Deng, 37, a professor of mathematics at the University of Chicago, directly addresses how the universe works. The equations of physics generally fall into one of two categories. Some equations, like Newton’s second law of motion, describe the behavior of individual particles — billiard balls bounc- ing off one another is one example. But it is impossible to calculate the precise interac- tions of billions or trillions of particles. Other equations offer a statistical ap- proximation of particles’ collective behav- ior. Back in 1900, David Hilbert, a German mathematician, laid out what he regarded as the biggest unsolved problems in the field. No. 6 was broad and vague: deriving the laws of physics from the simplest axi- oms. That is, how can the statistical behavior of the whole be calculated, ground up, from the motion of the individual particles? Dr. Hilbert offered a specific example: gases. Mathematicians did manage to show how they could, through a progression of logic and calculation, derive the Boltzmann equation, which describes changes in the density of particles, from the basic laws of motion. The derivation was valid for only extremely short periods of time, so it was a start, but insufficient. Dr. Deng, who grew up in Shenzhen, China, said he first became interested in partial differential equations when he was an undergraduate. He started his studies at Peking University before transferring to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he graduated with a bachelor’s degree in mathematics. But he put aside partial differential equa- tions, because he did not feel there were enough mathematical tools to make progress with them. He returned to the subject around 2018, he said. In 2021, Dr. Deng and Zaher Hani, a mathematician at the University of Michi- gan, came up with a full derivation of the wave kinetic equation, which describes phenomena like turbulence. He then turned to the Boltzmann equa- tion. “That was really kind of an analogue of what we just did in the last few years on this wave kinetic turbulence theory,” Dr. Deng said. “It was a major open problem.” Dr. Deng, Dr. Hani and another math- ematician, Xiao Ma, figured out how to break up the big complex problem into smaller, manageable pieces. In 2024, they posted their solution to deriving the Boltz- mann equation from Newton’s laws of motion. In a follow-up paper last year, they claimed they had solved Hilbert’s sixth problem, at least for the Boltzmann equa- tion. “I’m very happy,” Dr. Deng said of the Fields Medal, “not just because of myself, but also because the field I’m representing is getting significant recognition.”
By KENNETH CHANG
JACOB TSIMERMAN
Shifts Focus to A.I.
Jacob Tsimerman tells people that he is a number theorist, but admits it is not easy to explain what a number theorist does. Soon, he won’t have to worry as much about that. He is changing the focus of his math research to the underpinnings of artificial intelligence, joining OpenAI. Dr. Tsimerman, 38, a mathematics pro- fessor at the University of Toronto, earned a Fields Medal for his number theory work. “It’s not really about providing answers. It’s more about providing questions.” In 1637, the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat made a seemingly simple as- sertion: Equations of the form an + bn = cn
do not have solutions when n is an integer greater than 2 and a, b and c are positive integers. (If n is equal to 2, the statement becomes the familiar Pythagorean theorem that describes the relationships between the lengths of the sides of a right triangle. There are many combinations of integers for a, b and c that satisfy the equation.) Fermat wrote that he had a “truly mar- velous demonstration” to prove his as- sertion, but that it would not fit within the margins of the book he wrote in. Mathema- ticians sought for centuries to come up with a proof for “Fermat’s last theorem.” In the 1990s, Andrew Wiles, then a Princeton professor, finally came up with a proof using modern advances in number theory. “In some sense, that’s kind of a random equation,” Dr. Tsimerman said of an + bn = cn. “It’s elegant, which is why people have studied it. It has some history. But you can write down many equations like Fermat’s theorem, most of which we don’t know how to do anything with.” Questions like these are “inherently beautiful,” Dr. Tsimerman said. The tools that Dr. Wiles used to prove Fermat’s last theorem “became this very rich source of mathematics that is now applicable in string theory and other stuff as well,” Dr. Tsimerman said. But the study of integer solutions to more complicated versions of equations similar to Fermat’s remain “poorly understood,” said Peter Sarnak, a professor of mathematics at Princeton who was Dr. Tsimerman’s doctor- al adviser. In 2021, Dr. Tsimerman completed the proof of the André-Oort conjecture with other mathematicians. That work, Dr. Sarnak said, “stands as one of the few higher-dimensional settings in which such basic problems have been resolved.” Born in Kazan, Russia, Dr. Tsimerman and his family emigrated to Israel in 1990 and Canada in 1996. He completed his Ph.D. in 2011 and joined the University of Toronto in 2014. A.I. has doubled his productivity by summarizing papers and sketching drafts of proofs, he said. “I think it will very shortly become more capable than math- ematicians in the act of mathematics.” But he also worries about the dangers of A.I.: “I think A.I. is going to be a serious threat for society, for humanity.” Mathematicians, he said, can help pro- vide a theoretical foundation for under- standing how the large language models that underlie ChatGPT, Gemini, Grok, Claude and other A.I. systems work. “It’s mostly an empirical and engineering kind of science,” he said. “If we understood how these things work better, we might be able to steer them better, or understand them better, or control them better.”
woman to receive a Fields. The other two medalists are Ja- cob Tsimerman, 38, a professor at the University of Toronto, and John Pardon, 37, a professor at Stony Brook University on Long Island. The honor is accompanied by 15,000 Cana- dian dollars, or about $10,600, and a gold coin with the face of Archimedes, an ancient Greek mathematician. The congress, one of the largest and most prestigious gatherings of mathematicians, comes as the field faces up- heaval from artificial intelligence, which is quickly gaining skills that rival those of human mathematicians. Last month, a mathematician reported that he and friends had disproved a conjecture that had first been pro- posed in 1939. Using the Fable A.I. model from Anthropic, they found a counterexample while watching the World Cup final. The counterexample was easily checked, leaving no doubt that the result was valid. The congress will include talks about how A.I. and other tools like software that checks proofs are changing mathe- matics. One of the Fields winners, Dr. Tsimerman, is even chang- ing the focus of his research to studying the mathematical foundations of A.I. systems to better understand how they work and help avoid unintended consequences.
JOHN PARDON
Dimensions
Hong Wang once considered giving up on math and becoming an architect instead. After graduating from Peking University in 2011 with a degree in mathematics, she went to École Polytechnique in France to pursue a master’s degree, but thought, “I don’t know if I have enough talent.” After a one-month internship at an archi- tecture firm, she returned to mathematics. “I realized that studying architecture from zero is not easy, either,” she said. Today, Dr. Wang, 35, is a professor of mathematics at New York University and the Institut des Hautes Études Scien- tifiques in France. Of the 68 recipients of Fields Medals, she is only the third woman to be honored. Dr. Wang is best known for a proof that she and Joshua Zahl, now a professor at Nankai University in China, posted online last year involving a problem known as the Kakeya conjecture. Think of a needle or a pencil — or a chopstick, says Dr. Wang, who was born in Guilin, China — and spin it. How much area does it sweep? The obvious thing to do is to twirl it around the middle, sweeping out the shape of a circle. But when Soichi Kakeya, a Japanese mathematician, posed this question in 1917, he realized there was a way to sweep a smaller area if the center of the pencil slid in a circular motion as it rotated. The area of this shape, called a deltoid, is half that of the circle. Kakeya wondered: Is there a way to sweep even less area? A few years later, Abram Besicovitch, a Russian mathematician, came up with a surprising answer. Through a complex series of moves, the area could near zero. A variation of Kakeya’s question popped up decades later in a seemingly unrelated field of mathematics: harmonic analysis, the study of oscillating motions, like waves. Kakeya first imagined an infinitesimally thin needle. In the variation, the needle has some thickness, and its motion is not con- strained to spinning in just two dimensions. The problem can be recast in a way easier for mathematicians to tackle. In- stead of spinning one needle, imagine a set of needles pointing in all possible direc- tions. You cannot change the direction that a needle points in, but you can slide it around and through other needles. “I have to think about a large collection of long, thin tubes,” like uncooked spaghet- ti, Dr. Wang said. “Then you want to know how much they can overlap.” The shape of the overlapping needles, or uncooked spaghetti, could be a fractal — an infinitely complex pattern with shapes that repeat as you magnify it — and thus its calculated dimension could be a fractional number. But the Kakeya conjecture stated needles pointing in all directions in the three dimensions, so the fractal dimension of this shape had to be exactly three. Prov- ing that turned out to be difficult. Three decades ago, a mathematician showed that the shape had to have a di- mension of at least 2.5. Then other math- ematicians showed that it was slightly more than that. “How small can it be?” Dr. Wang said. “So the goal is to show that it cannot be too small.” Dr. Wang and Dr. Zahl made progress in 2022, and last year, they showed that the Kakeya conjecture was true in three dimen- sions; the fractal dimension of the needles was indeed three. For higher dimensions, the conjecture remains open.
John Charles Fields, a Canadian mathematician, con- ceived of the medals in the 1920s, and the first medals were awarded in 1936. They are unusual among top academic honors in that they go to people who are still early in their careers, showcasing not only their accomplishments but also their promise. To be eligible, a mathematician must be under the age of 40 on Jan. 1 of the year of the award. Because the medals are bestowed only once every four years, the Fields add pres- tige through rarity — which makes them somewhat akin to Olympic medals. Another mathematics award, the Abel Prize, is modeled after the Nobel Prize and recognizes lifetime achievements. The International Mathematical Union, which adminis- ters the Fields Medals, informed the recipients several months ago, but they were told to keep it secret until the official announcement. The news leaked last month after hackers discovered the names, which had been poorly hid- den on the website for the meeting. “Some of my friends congratulated me, saying that they guessed maybe this is true and then they want to congratu- late me,” Dr. Wang said. “But I didn’t give them any confir- mation.”
PHOTOGRAPHS BY THE SIMONS FOUNDATION
Theoretical Loops
John Pardon published his first math re- search paper while he was in high school in North Carolina. “My dad suggested I do a research project to submit to the Intel Science Talent Search,” Dr. Pardon, 37, said in an interview when he joined the faculty of Stony Brook University in 2022. “I find it easier to think visually and spatially, so geometry and topology come much more naturally to me, and I eventually settled on a very concrete geometry question.” While he was an undergraduate student at Princeton University, he published more mathematical papers, including his first major result, which answered a question that Mikhael Gromov, a prominent Rus- sian-French mathematician, had asked in 1983. That problem was also geometric in nature and involved knots. For mathemati- cians, a knot can be thought of as a loop of rope that cannot be untangled without cutting the rope. In essence, Dr. Gromov wondered whether all loops, no matter how tangled, could fit within a certain measure of how bendy the loop was. Dr. Pardon proved that they could not. Math was not the only difficult class he took in college. He also became fluent in Mandarin Chinese. “I was signing up for classes as a fresh- man in college, and I heard Chinese was pretty difficult, so I wanted a challenge,” Dr. Pardon said in a video shown last month during the presentation of the Fields Med- als. The video shows him quizzing his sons, Alexandros and Andreas, on identifying Chinese characters plastered on their bedroom wall. “I talk to them in Chinese a lot,” he said. “We learn the characters. I read to them. I make them read to me.” Once, he recalled, Alexandros turned to Andreas and asked whether their father was born in China. Yakov Eliashberg, who was Dr. Pardon’s adviser when he was a doctoral student at Stanford University, said Dr. Pardon’s greatest achievement was not in proving any particular theorem. Rather, Dr. Eli- ashberg said, great scholars are those who figure out the mathematical landscape underpinning the problem. “That’s his power,” Dr. Eliashberg said. “That’s what he was able to demonstrate again and again in different situations.”
Blue lotus, Nymphaea caerulea, is one plausible choice for Odysseus’ men.
Of the Lotus-Eaters
the ‘Odyssey’ men in an intoxicating stupor?
By JACK TRUESDALE
You know the story: Somewhere in the mythical Mediterranean, the hero Odysseus’ scouts went ashore and ate a food that made them forget that they wanted to go home. When Odysseus found them, they wouldn’t leave. So he dragged the men, weeping, back to the ships and tied them up so they wouldn’t return to the land of the lotus-eaters. It’s a strange passage in “The Odyssey” — the director, Christo- pher Nolan, took his own ap- proach to the subject in the newly released movie — and one of the poem’s oldest unsolved riddles: What, exactly, were the lotus-eaters eating? To understand what species of plant might have induced such a famous stupor, The New York Times interviewed 10 experts in antiquity, botany and ancient drugs. The trouble, it seems, starts with the word “lotus” itself. “The ‘lotus’ in Homer’s ‘Odys- sey’ likely isn’t the plant most people think of today,” said Cas- sandra Quave, an ethnobotanist at Emory University. It is not, for example, the sacred Asian lotus that appears in Buddhist art. And it wasn’t the most specific of terms during the time period. “The word ‘lotus’ in antiquity is used for lots of different trees and bushes and berries,” said Greta Hawes, an associate pro- fessor of ancient history at Mac- quarie University in Australia. “It’s like ‘mackerel.’” Knowing where the lotus- eaters lived might help narrow the candidates, but even that is up for grabs. “The poet had no particular location in mind,” according to James Diggle, emer- itus professor of Greek and Latin at Cambridge. That didn’t deter ancient Greek historians, who speculated where his ship might have landed after fierce winds blew it off course for nine days. One historian, Artemidorus, pointed to Morocco, where a juicy root grew in the desert. Strabo thought it was Djerba, an island off the coast of Tunisia that’s home to a sweet little berry. “There’s no way you could prove it, but I don’t see why not,” said Elizabeth Fentress, an ar- chaeologist who has studied Djerba. “It does have growing wild this plant called Ziziphus lotus, which is a sedative.” She added, “I had a friend who was into it.” Z. lotus is a spiny shrub native to the Mediterranean and North Africa, often referred to as a jujube. It produces round yellow- ish fruits about the size of a cherry that can be eaten fresh or dried, or fermented into wine. With its mild sedative effects, perhaps it could have kept the lotus-eaters lounging in their peaceful apathy. Andrew Dalby, a linguist, historian and the author of “Food in the Ancient World From A to Z,” likened the fruit to “ancient
SCOTT CARRUTHERS/ALAMY
snack food.” “You eat them while walking or working or hunting,” he said. “In this case I don’t look hard for psychoactive effects: If a wine was made from it — no reason to suppose that’s not true — there you have the effect you need,” Dr. Dalby said. But the pages of “The Odys- sey” are already practically wine-stained. Would the buzz of booze be strange enough for Homer to associate it with the layabout lotus-eaters? “I don’t think Homer would have included an alcohol-based intoxication in this story because it would have been so run of the mill,” said Peter Struck, Vartan Gregorian professor of the hu- manities at the University of Pennsylvania. Whatever the lotus was, he said, “It’s more exotic, more mind-altering. It’s more happy-happy.” Blue lotus, Nymphaea caerulea, could be just that. Depictions of the flower, used to relieve anxiety and induce sleep, have been discovered on Egyp- tian tombs dating back to the 14th century B.C. Higher doses are known to bring hallucina- tions and euphoria. “Nymphaea is a plausible candidate because of the native distribution and the known phar- macological effects,” said Alain Touwaide, a historian of medi- cinal plants in the ancient Medi- terranean world. The last candidate, however, might be the most obvious: the opium poppy. Alan Sumler, au- thor of “Intoxication in the An- cient Greek and Roman World,” noted that opium was available in the ancient world, and that habitual users consumed it sev- eral times a day. That habit, he argues, maps onto the lotus-eaters. “They’re eating it every day; you’re not going to eat a hallucinogen every day,” Dr. Sumler said. Men who have to be dragged back to their ships and tied down aren’t in the grip of a vision; they’re in the grip of an addiction. No other drug in the ancient world, he said, “would have had that ef- fect.” Kirk Freudenburg, a classicist at Yale, thinks the search for a specific plant fails for good rea- son. “The Lotus is to food in ‘The Odyssey’ what the Cyclops is to humans,” he said. “A thing in the mythic imagination.” It doesn’t have a real-world analog. In- stead, it combines qualities that make it seem dangerous, alluring and decidedly not Greek, he said. Which leaves the question of why anyone would try to identify the “lotus” in the first place. Dr. Struck, the University of Penn- sylvania classicist, has come to find that the question is more interesting than the plant itself. “The point of a made-up story is that it makes you want to under- stand our world better,” he said. Mr. Nolan’s rendition, which diverges from the classic lotus- eaters tale, is only the latest attempt. After 28 centuries, continuing to search for Homer’s lotus, is, Dr. Struck said, “a way of imagining that the magic of myth might actually be a part of our own world.”
Military doctors report a higher incidence of decreased testosterone among troops who have served long stretches in special operations units.
seems to increase his reactivity to even the slightest aggravations. He worries that his bipolar disorder and generally impulsive personality may make him more sensitive to the hormone’s effects. His takeaway: “You’ve got to be careful with this stuff.” In July, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth announced a new policy mandating that all military service members over 30 have their testosterone levels screened as part of an effort to create what he called a “High-T Department of War.” He said “warfighters” who qualify for treatment would be given the option to undergo testosterone replace- ment therapy, or T.R.T., to keep them “on the leading edge of lethality.” Experts are divided on the new policy. Though rigorous studies have shown that T.R.T. can benefit men with testosterone de- ficiency, no medical groups recommend universal screening, which experts fear could lead to overtreatment and negative outcomes. Studies are clear on T.R.T.’s risks. Testos- terone can cause a dangerous thickening of the blood, a side effect that needs to be closely monitored, even on the battlefield. And the hormone shuts down sperm pro- duction, which could harm fertility in men of reproductive age. But few studies have examined one of the treatment’s hardest to define and most con- tentious effects: its impact on aggression. Many doctors argue that testosterone, when medically needed and prescribed at an appropriate dose, can positively affect mood. Much of the cultural association be- tween testosterone and aggression is a holdover from publicized incidents of “roid rage” in bodybuilders, said Dr. Abraham Morgentaler, a urologist at Harvard Medi- cal School. “The data that we have do not support that there is a general trend toward ag- gressiveness on testosterone,” Dr. Morgen- taler said. “That’s a stereotype that I think is incorrect.” Studies confirm that T.R.T. does not in- crease hostile behavior on average across men. However, researchers say the hor- mone does seem to drive increased ag- gression in a subset — those already prone to aggression or who have a lower threshold for irritability or perceived threats — in re- sponse to provocation. Interviews with nine men who have taken T.R.T. suggest that, as testosterone has grown more popular, more people have struggled with these behavior- al consequences. “People who are already aggressive are likely to become more aggressive,” said Robert Sapolsky, a neuroscientist and pri- matologist at Stanford University. “It’s not going to make someone more likely to fight ferociously and defend their band of broth-
The hormone spikes during sports events and falls after having a baby.
ers in the middle of battle. I think it’s just as likely that they’ll get into a fist fight with someone in their barracks.” Given the threatening situations military service members routinely face on the job, some clinicians are calling for more re- search on T.R.T.’s behavioral effects before the hormone is prescribed so broadly. “If I were a general, or if I were in some version of command where I knew the peo- ple underneath me had been altering their testosterone levels, I would want to know: How does that affect their decision mak- ing?” said Dr. Tom Hildebrandt, a psychia- trist at Mount Sinai in New York. “We should understand what it is we’re doing.” A spokesman for the Defense Depart- ment declined to comment on the possible behavioral impacts that increased use of T.R.T. might have on troops. The new screening policy comes as T.R.T. use is surging in the United States, growing to nearly 12 million prescriptions in 2025 from fewer than one million in 2000. Testos- terone deficiency most often affects older men whose hormone levels have declined with age. Even so, T.R.T. use is rising most quickly among younger men, fueled by on- line platforms and a growing obsession with testosterone among influencers in the so- called manosphere. Under Health Secretary Robert F. Ken- nedy Jr., who has spoken publicly about his own use of T.R.T., the Food and Drug Ad- ministration has changed the hormone’s
warning labels and made the treatment available to many more men. Mr. Kennedy has pointed to studies finding that testoster- one levels are lower among younger gener- ations than historical averages. Re- searchers have argued that the trend is driven by rising obesity and increasingly sedentary lifestyles. Military doctors have started to identify a condition called “operator syndrome,” in which troops who have served long stretches in special operations units — where they experience chronic stress, ir- regular sleep and poor diet — are more likely to report medical problems, including decreased testosterone. Many direct-to-consumer testosterone clinics explicitly market T.R.T. to military servicemen and police officers, promising improved physical performance and endur- ance. A growing number of servicemen are seeking out T.R.T. from such clinics or illicit sources instead of from their military doc- tors, Dr. Theodore Crisostomo-Wynne, a urologist at the Madigan Army Medical Center, said at an F.D.A. panel in December. But even those who see increased ag- gression as a potential military advantage may not fully understand the nuances of the relationship between testosterone and be- havior, researchers say. Studies in animals clearly point to testosterone’s role in ag- gression. Male rats given the hormone will mark a much larger territory with their urine. Male birds given testosterone will stop tending to their nests, spending more time singing to attract mates, sometimes abandoning their chicks to die. But the hormone’s behavioral effects in humans are far more complex. Early stud- ies comparing testosterone in violent and nonviolent criminals found that, on aver- age, violent criminals had higher levels. Other studies found that the hormone natu- rally fluctuates in response to environment, spiking during sports competitions, for ex- ample, and falling after having a baby. But it’s more likely that those behaviors and so- cial settings cause testosterone levels to fluctuate, not the other way around, said Dr. Sapolsky, the Stanford neuroscientist. Knowing that a man has significantly higher testosterone than another, Dr. Sapol- sky said, “gives you zero predictability that they’re going to be more aggressive.”
CAROLYN KASTER/ASSOCIATED PRESS
KENNY HOLSTON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
SALWAN GEORGES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth, above, has embraced testosterone, left, to keep soldiers at what he calls the “leading edge of lethality.”
Only about a dozen studies have tried to examine what happens when you give men testosterone, an approach that can more clearly point to cause and effect. While some studies administering high doses of testosterone — many times higher than what men get on T.R.T. — show a resulting increase in aggression, the hormone does not broadly appear to have that effect at standard medical doses. But a link emerges when you look at the individual differences between men. “When you look at T with someone’s pre- disposition to engage in aggression, that’s where it becomes more clear,” said Justin Carré, a psychologist at Nipissing Univer- sity in North Bay, Ontario. In blinded studies conducted by his re- search group, hundreds of men were ran- domly given testosterone — equivalent to a single dose of T.R.T. — or a placebo, and then instructed to play a computer game against a fictitious opponent. In the game, they could either hit a button to score points or push a button to attack their opponent. If their opponent provoked them by steal- ing a point, men with underlying dominant or impulsive personality types who had been given testosterone were more likely to become preoccupied with attacking them back instead of scoring. (This aggressive response was not seen in non-dominant men given testosterone or in dominant men given the placebo.) Dr. Carré said that while more research was needed to understand the effects of ongoing T.R.T. use, the studies raise questions for the military. “Testosterone makes aggression more rewarding, whether or not it’s productive,” Dr. Carré said. “If aggression is the main outcome that you’re trying to impact, then maybe that’s a good thing. But if it creates tunnel vision, that can be negative.” Interviews with men who have used T.R.T. and their family members show that some have struggled with heightened ag- gression. Many said they had experienced volatility even before starting on testoster- one, which seemed to both amplify their outbursts and lower the threshold for what would set them off. Others, like Richard, a physician in New York who asked to be identified by his first name to protect his privacy, seemed sensi- tive to dosages even slightly too high. Richard has been on testosterone ther- apy for 17 years. The treatment “changed my life,” he said, helping to address the erec- tile dysfunction, depression and obesity he experienced after testicular cancer de- stroyed his body’s ability to make the hor- mone. But when he started on T.R.T., his wife pointed out that he was snapping at her more than usual. He began to notice he was more reactive in ways that often felt out of his control. “I wasn’t in the ‘roid rage’ category,” he said. “I just had a shorter trigger.” Richard has learned to calibrate his dosage with his doctor to better manage his irritability. But he questioned how the mili- tary would be able to monitor such behav- ioral changes, especially if the treatment is rolled out to thousands of men facing fre- quent threats, real or perceived. “Subtle effects, on that kind of scale, can be really serious,” he said.
It’s a Matter of When.
light saving time would push sunrise past 8:30 a.m. for roughly 10 weeks each winter. Permanent standard time would bring sun- rise before 4:30 a.m. for about two months each summer. Many sleep and circadian scientists think the hour belongs in the morning. A network of clocks throughout the body coordinates everything from immune defenses to me- tabolism. The most potent time-setting sig- nal for that system: sunlight. Bright mornings and dark evenings help keep the internal clocks in sync, so the body can perform the right functions at the right times. Shifting an hour of daylight from the morning to the evening potentially disrupts this circadian system. “The preponderance of the evidence is that daylight saving time is not good for our health or safety, and I think it shouldn’t hap- pen,” said Elizabeth B. Klerman, a sleep and circadian researcher at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospi- tal. Studies link chronic circadian misalign- ment to higher risks of cardiovascular and metabolic disease, some cancers and men- tal health problems. That’s one reason the American Medical Association and other health, sleep and scientific organizations have endorsed permanent standard time. Still, the appeal of permanent daylight saving time is obvious. More people would leave school and work before dark during the winter. Extra evening light might en- courage exercise and socializing and, some studies suggest, reduce car accidents and rates of certain crimes. “Where is that hour of daylight the most beneficial? I think it’s a pretty intuitive an- swer — when people are awake to use it,” said Steve Calandrillo, a law professor at the University of Washington who has stud- ied the economics of daylight saving time. The cost is darker mornings. “The worst choice of all three options is permanent D.S.T.,” said Dr. Phyllis C. Zee, director of the Center for Circadian and Sleep Medi- cine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. The country has tried it before. In Janu- ary 1974, during the oil crisis, Congress im- posed year-round daylight saving time. It was popular — until people began com- plaining about the “second dark age,” and children were struck and killed by motor ve- hicles while walking to school in the dark. Officials scrapped the experiment, and most of the country went back to seasonal clock changes, a system some researchers now consider the least of three evils.
Mixed Research The public has little appetite for keeping the status quo. Only 12 percent of Americans say they want to keep springing forward and falling back, according to an AP-NORC poll in October. Beyond the annoyance, studies have found measurable short-term conse- quences to resetting the clocks: upticks in traffic accidents and heart attacks, dips in life satisfaction, even reductions in charita- ble giving and longer criminal sentences handed down by judges.
Transmissible tumors have been reported in a fish species in a North American lake.
By CARL ZIMMER
For over a decade, something strange has been happening in a lake straddling the bor- der of Vermont and Quebec. Lake Memphremagog is home to brown bullhead catfish, and in 2012 anglers began noticing that some of them were covered in velvety black growths. Wildlife biologists eventually determined that the fish had skin cancer. So-called melanomas are exceedingly rare in catfish, but more than a third of the bullheads carried them. Now, researchers think they know why: A contagious form of cancer is spreading through the lake, they reported last month. The outbreak started with a single cat- fish, the scientists believe. It developed a tu- mor, which shed cancer cells into the water. Those cells invaded other catfish, in effect beginning a plague. Researchers have found contagious tu- mors in only a tiny, seemingly random col- lection of species: dogs, Tasmanian devils and a few kinds of clams and other shellfish. Some scientists have asserted that trans- missible cancers are new species in their own right. Others have even argued that some species of animals might have gotten their starts millions of years ago as cancer cells. The discovery of the first transmissible cancer in fish is now prompting scientists to wonder how widespread the phenomenon may be. “Is this really as rare as we think it is, or are we just not looking?” asked Julie Dragon, a geneticist at the University of Vermont and an author of the new study. Dr. Dragon did not set out to find a conta- gious cancer. In 2014, biologists at the Ver- mont Fish and Wildlife Department en- listed her to help figure out why Lake Mem- phremagog’s brown bullhead catfish were getting sick. Ultraviolet light is a common cause of melanomas. But it seemed unlikely that cat- fish, which live in lake-bottom mud and are mostly active at night, would suffer from as- tronomically high levels of melanomas. Dr. Dragon and her colleagues investi- gated other possibilities, including pollution from a nearby landfill and infection with mi- crobes, which can sometimes trigger can- cer. But pollutant levels were low in the fish,
Settling on a permanent time brings its own trade-offs, although the evidence here is thinner. Results of studies predicting road safety, for example, under year-round daylight saving time land all over the map — with positive, negative and no effects. Much of that research draws on clock transitions or short extensions of daylight saving time, making it hard to know how the effects would play out during a permanent change, Dr. Klerman said. Still, one analysis exploited natural varia- tions in sunrise and sunset times to esti- mate that permanent daylight saving time could prevent hundreds of pedestrian and motor-vehicle deaths a year, largely be- cause there is more traffic during evenings than mornings. Another study found that robberies fell with extended evening light. But such gains, scientists note, could be offset in other ways by darker mornings, chronic sleep loss and circadian disruption. Even under the current seasonal system, research suggests our circadian clocks never fully adjust to the spring shift. So some researchers have tried to gauge the effects of permanent daylight saving time by comparing people living at different positions within time zones. These studies link living on the western side, where the sun rises and sets later by the clock, to less sleep, lower wages and higher rates of some cancers and suicide. And one study found significantly higher rates of fatal traffic crashes in counties un- usually far west in their time zones. Modern life has muddied the picture. Many people spend their days in relatively dim indoor light and their evenings under much the same artificial light, blurring the natural contrast between day and night. Scientists may still debate the risks and benefits of moving to permanent daylight saving time, but generally agree on one point: Different people in different places will experience them in different ways.
Worries About Children Extreme early birds, for example, might do fine with extra evening light — it could even help them stay awake long enough to enjoy a night out. But teenagers and night owls might struggle, scientists say. Circadian timing usually shifts later during puberty; adoles- cents tend to fall asleep later and wake up later. Darker mornings could dial their nat- ural clocks later still, even as school bells force them out of bed early. One risk: car accidents. “High schoolers are driving cars to school in the dark in the middle of their biological night,” said Hora- cio de la Iglesia, a biologist at the University of Washington who has studied circadian rhythms for decades. Other potential hazards range from men- tal health to academic performance. Winter depression among teenagers and young adults in Russia rose after it adopted per- manent daylight saving time in 2011, then fell again after the country switched to per- manent standard time in 2014. Because brains, not factories, drive much of today’s economy, student performance may be the strongest economic case against
and there was no evidence of cancer-caus- ing viruses or bacteria. Dr. Dragon decided to take a close look at the DNA of the catfish, as well as the mutat- ed DNA in their tumors. Certain genetic variations can make animals (and people) highly vulnerable to cancer. She expected that each cancer cell would be genetically most similar to the catfish it came from. In- stead, all the cancer cells were closely relat- ed to one another, not to the animals on which the tumors were growing. “I said, ‘We made a mistake; this can’t be right,’” Dr. Dragon recalled. The re- searchers started their analysis all over again and got the same result. The tumors did not arise from the catfish that carried them. Each time they looked at DNA from a new fish, that pattern grew only stronger. The scientists began to consider a disturbing possibility: The catfish were victims of a contagious form of cancer. As far back as the Renaissance, scholars speculated that cancers could be conta- gious. In 1603, the Portuguese physician Ro- drigo de Castro envisioned tumors “exhal- ing a horrible vapor” that could transmit cancer to new victims. When modern scientists discovered that cancer mostly arises from mutations in our own DNA, the notion of “catching” cancer fell out of favor. It wasn’t until the early 2000s that firm evidence emerged that a
year-round daylight saving time and for year-round standard time, said Philipp Neumann, an economics researcher at Bielefeld University in Germany. Taking advantage of Indiana’s histori- cally uneven adoption of daylight saving time, one study found SAT test scores were an average 16 points lower in counties that observed seasonal daylight saving time compared with those on permanent stand- ard time. The gap widened among lower-in- come students. Dr. de la Iglesia studied students before and after Seattle high schools moved their morning bells to 8:45 a.m., about an hour later than before. Students slept about 34 minutes more a night, and grades and at- tendance improved. Permanent daylight saving time, he said, would “undo all the benefits of the school start time delay.” Certain businesses, however, clearly profit from later sunsets. Retail and enter- tainment interests have long supported daylight saving time and its extension. Candy companies, too, backed delaying the fall clock change until after Halloween. Dr. Neumann co-authored a review weighing the short- and long-term effects of permanent daylight saving time and per- manent standard time on health, road safety, crime, electricity use and the econ- omy. The conclusion: Permanent standard time came out ahead overall, driven largely by the expected health benefits.
Too Soon? Under current law, states may opt out of daylight saving time and stay on standard time year-round, as Arizona and Hawaii do. Both bills before Congress would change the national default while leaving some room for state choice. But too much local discretion risks recre- ating the very confusion that standard time zones were designed to fix, Dr. Zeitzer said. Before U.S. railroads introduced stand- ard time zones in 1883, towns set their clocks to strike noon when the sun reached its zenith overhead. As The New York
A brown bullhead catfish that has the distinct black melanomas. More than a third of the bullheads in Lake Memphremagog, which straddles the border of Vermont and Quebec, carried them.
‘It makes us rethink how these things work.’
Times put it that November, if clocks had rung an alarm at local noon from Maine to the Pacific, “there would have been a con- tinuous ringing from the east to the west lasting for 3¼ hours.” Returning to true local sun time isn’t practical in a modern, interconnected soci- ety, Dr. Zeitzer said — even though, biologi- cally, he considers it the best solution. Among the more viable options, scientific opinions diverge. Some researchers actu- ally prefer the current system to either per- manent alternative. Acknowledging the limited and inconsis- tent evidence to date, a recent review of more than 150 studies found the effects of clock changes and seasonal daylight saving time were “not uniformly detrimental.” The authors concluded that continuing the bian- nual dance, while working to mitigate its negative effects, is “worth consideration — until more robust evidence emerges.” David Prerau, a leading expert on day- light saving time, suggests that we keep the twice-yearly resets but ramp up public cam- paigns urging people to prepare as they would for jet lag, by getting more sleep and slowly shifting bedtimes, meals and even medication schedules ahead of transitions. “Before we make any major change, I would at least try it,” Dr. Prerau said. Till Roenneberg, a circadian researcher and professor emeritus at LMU Munich, sees logic in the seasonal switch and prefers it to permanent daylight saving time. His own preference, though, is perma- nent standard time — paired with more flexible school and work start times. The problem here isn’t really the clock but the rigid schedules society has built around it, he and other scientists say. School and work schedules should be de- layed or relaxed to accommodate both early birds and night owls, who don’t all thrive on the same fixed clock, they say. Schedules could even be shifted with the seasons. Permanent daylight saving time “is not a problem except for the fact that businesses are still telling people to get into work at 8 a.m.,” Dr. Zeitzer said. “And schools are still opening up at 7 a.m. or 8 a.m.”
few transmissible cancers were real. Dogs are hosts to one of them, known as C.T.V.T., short for canine transmissible ve- nereal tumor. During sex, these cancer cells can spread from one dog to the other. Stud- ies of the DNA in these tumors suggest that the malignancies all descend from a single dog that lived several thousand years ago. C.T.V.T. is rarely lethal. The same is not true for a contagious cancer spreading among Tasmanian devils. That illness, devil facial tumor disease, takes advantage of fre- quent and bloody fighting. When a Tasma- nian devil bites off tumor tissue from an- other, the cancer cells will travel through its body to its own face. This cancer arose only in recent decades, but it has already pushed Tasmanian devils to the brink of extinction. In 2015, along the Atlantic coasts of Cana- da and the United States, researchers found soft-shell clams and other species devastat- ed by a leukemia-like cancer. Infected clams shed cancer cells into the seawater, it turned out, and healthy clams nearby sucked them up. More recently, scientists have found transmissible cancer in shellfish in the Pacific, as well as in European waters. Dr. Dragon and her colleagues are con- vinced that all the tumors in Lake Mem- phremagog came from a single ancestral cancer cell. The mating strategies of the brown bullheads may have given the mela- noma cells a chance to spread as the catfish crowd together in shallow water to spawn.
VERMONT FISH & WILDLIFE
DAVE SANDERS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Darker mornings with permanent daylight saving time could lead to chronic sleep loss and circadian disruption, offsetting benefits like fewer traffic accidents and decreases in certain crimes.
Instead of clocks falling and springing, perhaps schedules could change.
“They’re all on top of each other,” Dr. Dragon said. In these scrums, the spawning catfish can bite or scratch one another, and their wounds may expose them to floating cancer cells. Michael Metzger, who studies contagious cancers in clams at the Pacific Northwest Research Institute in Seattle, observed that this is the first time a transmissible cancer has been discovered spreading in fresh wa- ter. Cells usually survive only in salty fluids. “It makes us rethink how these things work,” Dr. Metzger said. Dr. Dragon has also found hints that cat- fish in other parts of the Northeast may have suffered from the same cancer. Some of those clues came from the 19th-century journals of the naturalist Henry David Thoreau. Thoreau claimed he often came across catfish in Massachusetts rivers covered with spots. In 1858, he described one he saw on a visit to the Assabet River: “Nearly half the head, from the snout backward diago- nally, is covered with an inky-black kind of leprosy, like a crustaceous lichen,” he wrote. Dr. Dragon and her colleagues are now searching for transmissible cancers in cat- fish beyond Lake Memphremagog. The sci- entists would welcome communications from anglers and biologists who have caught catfish with black, raised tumors. They can email images of the whole fish along with its growths, as well as informa- tion about where the animal was caught, to julie.dragon@med.uvm.edu. Dr. Dragon also asks that they freeze the whole fish if possible. Should she and her colleagues want to inspect the fish, they will make the arrangements to receive it. “It’s hard to say if every black spot is our tumor, but we won’t know until we test them,” Dr. Dragon said. Peter Emerson, another author of the study and a fisheries biologist at the Ver- mont Fish and Wildlife Department, recom- mended that anglers refrain from eating bullheads with tumors. “We don’t have any evidence that the fish are unsafe to eat,” he said. “We just prefer to be cautious.” For now, there’s little research to indicate that contagious cancers are circulating among people. But it’s conceivable that one will surface someday, said Elizabeth Murchison, an expert on transmissible can- cers at Cambridge. “This finding does reinforce the idea that transmissible cancers could emerge any- where, including in our own species,” Dr. Murchison said.
I eat the same foods every day. Is that bad for my health?
Eating one or more of the same meals every day, a practice often called “food monotony,” can be an efficient way to simplify your routine, manage your weight and eliminate the “decision fatigue” that can result from having to plan menus, shop and cook. But there can also be a down- side, including a risk of nutritional deficiencies if your daily meals consist mostly of ultraprocessed foods or high fat, salty or sugary snacks, instead of healthy, whole- some foods, nutrition experts say. “I can think of worse things than eating the same meal over and over again, if it’s balanced and healthy,” said Marion Nestle, a professor emerita of nutrition, food studies and public health at New York University. By “balance,” nutrition experts mean meals that include a pro- tein, a carbohydrate and a healthy fat, making them “nutrient dense,” said Julia Zumpano, a registered dietitian at the Cleve- land Clinic. For example, a daily breakfast of yogurt or oatmeal with fresh fruit is healthier than bacon, eggs and hash browns, said Dr. Donald Hensrud, an associate professor of nutrition and preventive medi- cine at the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine. And a lunchtime salad is better than eating a ham sand- wich on white bread. For dinner, grilled chicken or fish every night with vegetables and brown rice beats a burger and fries, Dr. Hensrud said. Why would someone eat the same foods every day? Some- times, it’s simply because they prefer those foods. “It may be nothing more complicated than that,” Dr. Nestle said. Others use repetitive eating as a way to lose or control weight. One recent study by Drexel Uni- versity researchers found that adults who ate the same meals every day lost more weight over 12 weeks than those who followed a more varied diet. Decision fatigue is another factor, “especially if you are plan- ning meals for others,” Ms. Zumpano said. To keep your diet healthy, some experts recommend that you add a little variety to your meal. “If you have blueberries in your yogurt one morning, have straw- berries or a banana the next, or mix in some oats or nuts,” Dr. Hensrud said. Ms. Zumpano added that if you always have a sandwich for lunch “you can build off that concept but still add variety.” “Have a peanut butter and jelly sandwich one day and grilled cheese or turkey the next day,” she said. But don’t eat too much of a single food, which could lead to excessive exposure to harmful substances, like mercury in fish,
ERIC HELGAS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
or to nutrients considered un- healthy in large amounts. A 2022 study suggested that breakfast is the meal people are most likely to repeat. It tends to be more functional or utilitarian than social, in part because peo- ple often need to get to work or school, and it’s easy to eat the same breakfast every day, said Carey Morewedge, a professor of marketing at Boston University and one of the study’s authors. Dr. Morewedge said that his breakfast — a smoothie of vanilla protein powder, a banana, spinach and avocado — had been the same for several years. Dr. Nestle says she also eats the same breakfast every morn- ing: a bowl of shredded wheat, a teaspoon of sugar and skim milk, and blueberries or strawberries that she grows on her terrace. “It’s simple,” she said. “I like the texture. It’s crunchy. And it’s a great way to start the day.”
Bonds at the Phoenix are built around activities like rock climbing and weight lifting. “We’re not sitting there talking about addiction all day,” Ms. Corbitt, above, said. “We’re talking about getting healthy.”
A growing number of clubs see community and healthier routines as antidotes to relapse.
By SIMAR BAJAJ
When Kylie Corbitt got out of a 30-day ad- diction treatment center, a familiar problem was waiting outside. “My entire network was all people who used,” she said. “I didn’t even know what it meant to be truly sober.” Her methamphetamine use had intensi- fied slowly during the Covid-19 pandemic, as she lost a job she had held for a decade, grieved the death of the grandmother who helped raise her and grappled with depres- sion. With little structure to her days, each one felt like “Groundhog Day,” Ms. Corbitt said; she would tell herself that she’d get high one last time and then seek help. “And it just never ended,” she added. Treatment interrupted this cycle, but her life wasn’t set up to support her sobriety. Ms. Corbitt, who is 37 and lives in Milton, Mass., tried Alcoholics Anonymous but struggled to feel a sense of fellowship, find- ing some meetings “a little judgy.” Desperate and unsure where else to go, Ms. Corbitt decided to check out the Phoenix, a free gym and recovery commu- nity, where members are asked to be 48 hours sober before every visit. There, she started rock climbing and later took up CrossFit, finding that sobriety could be built around healthier routines and friendships. “We’re not sitting there talking about ad- diction all day,” Ms. Corbitt said. “We’re talking about getting healthy and getting better.” On July 6, Ms. Corbitt marked two years without drugs, the “longest length of time sober I’ve ever had.” For decades, addiction treatment in the United States has been viewed as a clinical problem or a spiritual struggle. These ap- proaches have helped millions of people, but they have had their limits. Medical care is often delivered in short, time-limited episodes, while 12-step programs can feel one-size-fits-all, with their emphasis on a higher power and complete abstinence. But there’s a growing model: sober spaces built around fitness, music, medita- tion and other activities. The concept is not entirely new, but there has been a “bit of a renaissance of the recovery movement,” said John Kelly, director of the Recovery Re- search Institute at Mass General Brigham. For example, the Recovery Café Network, which offers free hot meals and coffee, grew to 92 cafes in 2025 from 21 cafes in 2020; the Phoenix’s new member enrollments also climbed, to more than 433,000 from about 20,000 over the same period. Sober spaces can’t replace traditional treatment or 12-step programs, and re- search on them remains limited. But the model draws on evidence that loneliness and familiar environmental cues can make relapse more likely, while connection and belonging can help sustain sobriety. These spaces offer a place for recovery to unfold outside a treatment center, doctor’s office or group meeting, said Brandon Clark, who supports addiction recovery work at the St. Anthony Foundation in San Francisco, and who is recovering from fen- tanyl use. “People need new places to go, new people to know, new rituals and new ways to be useful,” he said.
SOBER SPACES DO NOT follow any one tem- plate. The Phoenix in Boston is essentially a stripped-down warehouse, lined with rock climbing walls and filled with training equipment like free weights, rowing ma- chines and battle ropes, as well as jujitsu mats and gymnastics rings. Meanwhile, the first Recovery Café in Seattle is a mix be- tween a cafeteria and a neighborhood cof- fee shop, with a free buffet and latte bar, pendant lights hanging over the counter and words like “love,” “forgiveness” and “grow” spelled in looping cords on the walls. Like 12-step programs, sober spaces tend to be free and low barrier, asking partici- pants for some sobriety but affirming it through the honor system rather than a drug test. But these spaces are generally more accommodating than 12-step pro- grams, which define success through a zero-substance approach, sometimes even including regulated, effective medications. “We’re not necessarily abstinence- based,” said Ruby Takushi, a founder of the Recovery Café Network, asking members for sobriety only on the day they come to the cafe. “We’re just about what is the healthier choice for you today.” Still, having this dedicated sober space matters because many people are trying to stop using drugs while in environments that keep pulling them back, said Keith Humphreys, a psychologist and co-director of the Stanford Network on Addiction Pol- icy. Ryan Forrester, for example, stopped us- ing drugs in 2018 and was under house ar- rest while living with a relative who smoked marijuana. For a while, Mr. Forrester stayed away from it, retreating to his room to try to avoid the smell. “Then one day, I buckled,” he said. Smok- ing turned into drinking, and one drink turned into a couple, which turned into get- ting hammered. Mr. Forrester got off house arrest in April 2019 but didn’t quit drinking again until November 2024, when he started going to the Phoenix. It offered
‘You’re doing these races like half marathons. You’re like, I can’t believe I just did that.’
some distance from his old cues, he said, and the same all-or-nothing energy that had fed his addiction could be channeled into a healthier outlet. “You come in here, and you start to get friends,” Mr. Forrester said. “Then, you’re lifting these weights that you never knew you could lift, and you’re doing these races like half marathons. You’re like, I can’t be- lieve I just did that — like this is me.” At their best, these spaces make care and belonging feel less like an intervention than an array of ordinary gestures, like someone remembering your name, checking up on you and making you feel welcome, said Kil- lian Noe, a founder of the Recovery Café. Fostering a community around a social ac- tivity also gives people a reason to return beyond overcoming their addiction. “Re- covery is not shoved down your throat,” said Dina Gonsalves-Perez, a staff member at the Phoenix, who is recovering from heroin addiction. “That being said, you are never alone.” Such hospitality can even make return-
PHOTOGRAPHS BY TONY LUONG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Kylie Corbitt, left, is among those working out regularly at the Phoenix in Boston, a free gym and recovery community where members are asked to be 48 hours sober before each visit.
ing after relapse less fraught. One member came back within 24 hours, Ms. Noe re- called, because he said it was the first time he had a group of people who cared whether he came back. “People don’t want to be alone,” Mr. For- rester said. “They want to matter, to have accomplishments, to know that they can do things, to know people care.”
RESEARCHERS HAVE LONG known that so- cial connection is an important part of re- covery, helping people move away from re- lationships organized around drug use and toward relationships that support sobriety. In fact, one of the clearest ways that 12-step programs appear to help, is by reshaping people’s social networks, said Dr. Humphreys, the Stanford psychologist. “You’ve got to have people who know the way — how to live in recovery, what you do, what you don’t do, how you build a life worth living,” Dr. Kelly said. The Phoenix reports that 83 percent of its new members remain sober after three months. Dr. Kelly also followed Phoenix members for six months and compared them with nonmembers, also in addiction recovery: Although there was no difference in drinking days or heavy drinking days, Phoenix participants reported fewer harms from alcohol or drug use overall, like finan- cial problems, hurting their families, dam- aging a friendship or taking foolish risks. These results were preliminary, however, and had not yet been peer reviewed. In general, the evidence for specific sober social spaces is fairly limited, partly be- cause they are “hard to study,” Dr. Humphreys said. For example, researchers cannot easily assign some people to a recov- ery cafe while excluding others, he added, and standardizing the experience too rig- idly could make it feel less like a community. There are also practical limits: Sober spaces aren’t equipped to help someone detox, to treat severe withdrawal or to man- age an acute crisis, and because there are no court mandates and no required attend- ance, they rely on someone’s internal moti- vation to join and keep showing up. So, the people who turn to these commu- nities, Dr. Humphreys said, are generally “not at the point where every single day is a struggle on a substance front.” That is why these spaces are best under- stood as complements to 12-step programs or medical care, not replacements, he add- ed. Their promise is not in curing addiction but addressing the loneliness and discon- nection that can make recovery harder. For Ms. Corbitt, addiction had been trans- actional, she said, full of people who didn’t know her name — only “hey, you” — and lit- tle sense of safety. She carried that same isolation into recovery, never telling anyone when she was trying to quit, leaving her with little to no support. Alcoholics Anonymous gave her a power- ful, healing community once she found the right group, she said. But at the Phoenix, the help was woven into the ordinary rhythm of the place. “To be in an envi- ronment where people were warm and wel- coming and actually wanted to talk to me — and didn’t just want something from me — it made me feel like a person again,” she said. Now, Ms. Corbitt spends much of her free time volunteering at the gym, helping other people feel, as she did, that they don’t have to recover alone.
Under Strain
Hypertension rates for pregnant women are rising, a study finds.
By RONI CARYN RABIN
Rates of high blood pressure among pregnant women nation- wide rose significantly between 2016 and 2024, according to a new report published last week by the Centers for Disease Con- trol and Prevention. One in 10 pregnant women in the United States had high blood pressure in 2024, up from about one in 17 in 2016, a 73 percent increase over that period. The maternal mortality rate in the United States exceeds that of other wealthy nations, and hy- pertensive disorders during pregnancy are among the lead- ing causes of pregnancy-related death and disease. High blood pressure during pregnancy in- creases the risk of serious com- plications, including preterm birth, low birth weight and still- birth, as well as placental abrup- tion and organ failure in mothers. It also raises a woman’s risk of heart disease over her lifetime. The new figures, reported by the C.D.C.’s National Center for Health Statistics, were drawn from birth certificates completed by hospitals, which contain infor- mation on a mother’s health. The figures do not include high blood pressure that was diagnosed before pregnancy, which is called chronic hypertension. But that condition has also been rising and affects some 3.7 percent of pregnancies. “This is a substantial rise, and the author notes that this is probably underreported on birth certificates, so the true rates may be even higher,” said Dr. Elizabeth K. Cherot, an obstetri- cian-gynecologist who served recently as president and chief executive officer of the March of Dimes, a maternal and infant health nonprofit organization. The birth certificate data can only show who is being diag- nosed with high blood pressure in pregnancy, not why it is in- creasing, said Elizabeth C.W. Gregory, a health statistician at the National Center for Health Statistics and the author of the new report. Some of the increase may reflect 2018 guidance issued by the American College of Obstetri- cians and Gynecologists that called for earlier identification of high blood pressure in preg- nancy and better management of
DRAZEN ZIGIC/GETTY IMAGES
the condition, Dr. Cherot said. And in 2023, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force urged health care providers to regularly check patients’ blood pressure. It’s possible that health issues could be at play, including obes- ity, which is closely linked to hypertension. The report found that the higher a woman’s body mass index or weight before pregnancy, the more likely she was to develop high blood pres- sure in pregnancy. Increases in the average age of mothers in the United States could also play a part, since blood vessels stiffen with age, making blood pressure go up. High blood pressure was most common among pregnant wom- en who were 40 and older. Researchers also identified racial disparities in the preva- lence of high blood pressure. The new report found that rates were as high as 13 percent in non- Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native mothers, and as low as 7 percent for non-Hispanic Asian mothers. While there were differences in prevalence across these vari- ous groups, the researchers saw that high blood pressure in- creased among women of all ages, races and weights. Even in underweight women, for exam- ple, the rate more than doubled, rising to more than 5 percent in 2024, up from just under 3 per- cent in 2016. The prevalence of high blood pressure also doubled among pregnant Asian women, even though they had the lowest rate of any ethnic group. Experts said that more re- search is needed to better under- stand what is driving the rapid increase in high blood pressure among such a broad swath of pregnant women, and to explore the potential role played by environmental exposures.
Self-collection, even at home, offers hope for reducing cases of a preventable disease.
By MAGGIE ASTOR
It has been a big couple of years for cervical cancer screening: New testing options have arrived, and recommendations have shifted. Doctors hope the changes will help reduce cases of the cancer, a persistent cause of preventable death. Cervical cancer can be avoided with test- ing for precancerous cells and, even better, with vaccines to prevent human papillo- mavirus, or HPV, which causes most of the cell abnormalities. Yet more than 250,000 people a year still die from cervical cancer, including about 4,000 in the United States. Longstanding barriers, including dispar- ities in access to care, contribute to this, said Dr. Kathy MacLaughlin, an associate professor of family medicine at the Mayo Clinic. Some patients, including many sur- vivors of sexual assault, find pelvic exams intolerable and may not realize alternatives are available. But getting screened doesn’t have to be painful or confusing.
What are the options? Historically, the standard screening for cer- vical cancer was a Pap smear, in which cells are scraped from the cervix and examined for cancer or precancerous changes. While lab techniques have evolved, the same ba- sic test, technically known as cervical cytol- ogy, is still common. But over decades, learning about the re- lationship between cervical cancer and HPV opened a new door. Not everyone with HPV will get cancer, but almost everyone with cervical cancer had a persistent HPV infection first, so testing for it can identify risk earlier. While cytology samples have to be col- lected by clinicians, samples for HPV test- ing can be collected from the cervix by clini- cians or from the vagina by patients. The Food and Drug Administration approved self-collection tools in 2024 for use in doc- tors’ offices and in 2025 for use at home, and studies have found they have comparable accuracy to clinician-collected tests.
Healthy habits learned now can make a big difference later by preventing or easing illnesses.
By DANA G. SMITH
How you treat your body and brain in your midlife years, loosely defined as 40 to 60, can hugely influence how you age in the decades to come. The seeds for many age-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and dementia, are sown in middle age, so it’s important to start thinking about prevention early. And it takes a lifetime of healthy habits, not just a few weeks, to move the needle on your longevity. “Midlife is the ideal time to make changes, not only to benefit you in the present, but also in the future,” said Margie Lachman, a psychology professor at Bran- deis University and the author of “Prime- time: A New Vision for Midlife.” After all, she added, “What happens in midlife doesn’t stay in midlife.” We spoke with experts about some small habits that can make a big difference.
Do Interval Training Cardio-respiratory fitness is one of the best predictors “of longevity and being able to be active and mobile” later in life, said Dr. Guillem Gonzalez-Lomas, an associate pro- fessor of orthopedic surgery at New York University’s Grossman School of Medicine. One way to improve your cardio-respira- tory fitness is to incorporate interval train- ing into your workouts a few times a week, Dr. Gonzalez-Lomas said. For example, rather than logging 30 min- utes on a treadmill or a stationary bike at a steady pace, try alternating sprinting for 30 seconds and then resting for 30 seconds, 10 times through. It will be a shorter workout, but ideally also a harder one, because to get the biggest benefit, “You actually have to really push yourself,” he said.
Run Errands With a Friend Several experts emphasized the impor- tance of social relationships for people’s long-term health and well-being. People often “don’t think of social interac- tion as a wellness intervention,” said Dr. Ezekiel Emanuel, a professor of medical ethics and health policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine and the author of “Eat Your Ice Cream: Six Simple Rules for a Long and Healthy Life.” But it may be “the most important wellness intervention,” he said. It can be hard to coordinate schedules with a busy friend. Dr. Lachman suggested taking a “two birds, one stone” approach and joining up with someone to complete tasks on your to-do lists. Those could in- clude going for a walk or a workout together or even a trip to the grocery store.
Which one is best? Everyone who is at risk of cervical cancer — women and transgender people assigned female at birth — should be screened. Once you turn 30, there’s broad agreement that HPV testing is best. It flags the risk earlier, and cytology can lead to more false alarms, said Robert Smith, senior vice president for early cancer detection science at the Ameri- can Cancer Society. For patients in their 20s, though, there is debate. Young people often have transient HPV infections that resolve before they can cause harm, so for them, HPV testing can also cause unnecessary alarm, said Dr. Kimberly Gecsi, chief medical officer for specialty practice at the Medical College of Wisconsin. Dr. Gecsi was a co-author of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ most recent guidance, which recommends cytology from ages 21 to 29. The Women’s Preventive Services Initiative, whose guidelines are backed by the government, agrees. But the American Cancer Society recommends HPV testing starting at 25. Don’t stress about this, said Dr. David Chelmow, a professor of obstetrics and gy- necology at Virginia Commonwealth Uni- versity who served on the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force while it developed draft guidelines in 2024. (He is no longer on the task force and said he was not speaking for it.) Both approaches are “incredibly effective at preventing cervical cancer,” he said. All the major guidelines say self-col- lection is acceptable. But while the women’s initiative considers it equal to clinician- collection, ACOG and the American Cancer Society prefer clinician-collection when possible. That’s because patients who test positive for HPV need additional testing. If a clini- cian took a cervical sample, it can be reused. But follow-up tests can’t be run on self- collected vaginal samples, so those patients have to come back to have them. If people self-collect but don’t follow up on positive tests, “it hasn’t gotten us any- where,” said Dr. Akiva Novetsky, medical di- rector of quality and safety in the Depart- ment of Obstetrics and Gynecology at West- chester Medical Center, who was a co-au- thor of the ACOG guidelines. But, Dr.
organisms that live inside you: your micro- biome, said Dr. John Beard, a professor of productive aging at the Columbia Univer- sity Mailman School of Public Health. A healthy gut microbiome, in particular, is associated with healthy aging. It is closely tied to the immune system and helps to control inflammation in the body, a major factor in many age-related diseases. Research is preliminary, but experts are starting to think that one of the best ways to care for your microbiome is to feed it fer- mented foods, which add more good mi- crobes to the mix. You could start your day with a bowl of yogurt, or incorporate kim- chi, kombucha, kefir or sauerkraut into your diet.
Novetsky added, self-collection with appro- priate follow-up “is far superior” to not testing.
How often should I be screened? The recommendations vary a bit but are all effective. The disagreements are judgment calls over how to weigh small changes in risk against the costs of false alarms, ex- perts said. ACOG recommends cytology every three years from ages 21 to 29, and clinician- collected HPV testing every five years from 30 to 65. Patients who self-collect should be screened every three years for now, the guidelines say, because self-collection hasn’t been around long enough to know if it predicts risk for five years. W.P.S.I. recommends cytology every three years from 21 to 29, and HPV screen- ing every five years from 30 to 65. The American Cancer Society recom- mends clinician-collected HPV tests every five years, or self-collected HPV tests every three, for patients 25 to 65. It doesn’t recommend screening before age 25 be-
Along with its practical benefits, resist- ance training causes your muscles to re- lease signaling molecules called myokines, some of which help to tamp down inflamma- tion in the body. If you’ve spent time around a dumbbell rack, don’t be afraid to challenge yourself with heavier weights, Dr. Gonzalez-Lomas said. But if you’re just starting out, “any- thing that you do that’s resistance training is going to make a difference,” he said. The goal is to “get to a point where you’re feeling like your muscles are under stress” and starting to fatigue, Dr. Gonzalez-Lomas said.
cause cervical cancer is so rare in that group, especially as more young people are vaccinated against HPV. These guidelines are for average-risk pa- tients with normal test results. If you’re at higher-than-average risk of cervical cancer or have abnormal results, your doctor may screen more often.
How long should I keep screening? All the major guidelines say it’s OK to stop screening after 65 if you’ve had normal tests leading up to that. It’s possible for ab- normalities to develop later, but experts say the risk is low enough to justify stopping. ACOG and W.P.S.I. call for two or three normal tests in 10 years before stopping, de- pending on the type of test, while the Ameri- can Cancer Society prefers negative HPV tests at ages 60 and 65. Don’t worry about these minor differences; talk to your doctor. Testing can become harder and more un- comfortable as vaginal tissue changes with age. So Dr. Smith urged patients and doc- tors to be proactive about testing in the years leading up to 65.
Exercise, diet, sleep and friendships are factors important for longevity.
director of the Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies at UT Health San Antonio. That translates to 54 to 81 grams of protein per day for a 150-pound adult. To ensure that you’re getting enough pro- tein every day, and that your body can process it optimally, Dr. Volpi suggested in- cluding some protein in every meal.
Take the Stairs Experts talked about the importance of in- corporating regular movement into your day-to-day life, not just during dedicated gym sessions. “I wouldn’t call it exercise, I would call it physical activity,” Dr. Volpi said. Several studies have found that taking roughly 7,000 steps a day significantly de- creases people’s risk of death and diseases associated with aging. You can get in that daily movement in all sorts of ways: by tak- ing the stairs instead of the elevator, walk- ing instead of driving somewhere or, if you do have to drive, parking far away from the entrance. Over time, those extra steps add up and can make a difference for your health.
Get the Shingles Vaccine There is growing evidence that the vaccine to prevent shingles also protects against de- mentia, reducing the risk of cognitive de- cline by roughly 20 percent. Other vaccines, specifically the influenza, pneumococcal and Tdap vaccines, may also offer some benefit. Scientists don’t know exactly why this is, but one hypothesis is that by preventing in- fections, the vaccines protect against major causes of inflammation in the brain and body. “It’s the easiest thing to be done because, unlike almost all wellness, it’s one and done,” Dr. Emanuel said.
Compile a Family Medical History While lifestyle affects people’s risk for age- related diseases, genetics also play a role. Dr. Volpi advised finding out which diseases run in your family, and then talking to your doctor about how best to manage your risk over time. Ask which signs or symptoms you should watch out for, and what you can do about them.
SUVI SUITIALA
Stick to a Consistent Bedtime Getting too little sleep is associated with several health conditions, including obesity, diabetes, heart disease and dementia. Per- haps unsurprisingly, it’s also linked to a shorter life span. The advice to get seven to eight hours of sleep a night is easier said than done. So rather than focusing on a number, the ex- perts recommended doing what you can to set yourself up for success. Perhaps most important is trying to stick to a consistent bedtime. One study from 2024 found that sleep regularity — going to bed and waking up at roughly the same time every day — was an even stronger predic- tor of mortality than sleep duration.
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Testing that doesn’t have to be painful or confusing.
THE NEW YORK TIMES
At the Insurance Institute for Business and Home Safety facility in Richburg, S.C., from left: a house built to be burned down for a wildfire test; preparations underway; industrial turbines fan the flames with gusts up to 50 miles per hour; a camera protected with heat-resistant materials records data. During the experiment, millions of data points will capture how a fire might spread from house to house.
Many Ways to Catch Fire
To Protect Communities
To better understand how wildfires spread, experts are setting test homes ablaze.
By MIRA ROJANASAKUL
RICHBURG, S.C. — On a sweltering spring day here, a worker they call the Burn Boss stands by a house, holding a torch. The ra- dio crackles with a countdown, “3, 2, 1!” And the Burn Boss sets the house on fire. Within minutes, flames breach the walls and enter the building. They set alight a sofa, a bed, a closet full of clothes and a kitchen stocked with cooking oil and potato chips — all fuels for an accelerating blaze. Moments later, the light and heat roar out- ward from shattered windows, forcing on- lookers to step back. This is a test. A nonprofit in South Carolina is in the un- usual business of intentionally burning down houses built for this purpose in order to learn how best to protect people and their property against catastrophic wildfires. As climate change amplifies heat waves and droughts, it is priming wildfires to burn bigger and faster. At the same time, people continue to move into areas more vulnera- ble to fire. This one-two punch is driving record financial losses as homes and entire communities burn. Controlled experiments like these are contributing to a growing body of evidence suggesting that losing entire communities to fire is not inevitable, if the right steps are taken when designing homes and neighbor- hoods. If you can “prevent this house from igniting, you’ve likely prevented the next one from igniting,” said Murray Morrison, the managing director of research at the In- surance Institute for Business and Home Safety, or IBHS, the organization running the test. Disastrous wildfires used to be thought of as relatively isolated events, but there’s been a significant change in their fre- quency, said Michael J. Gollner, the director of the fire research laboratory at the Uni- versity of California, Berkeley. “We have to start recognizing that our communities are no longer safe,” he said. Tests like the one in South Carolina are an acknowledgment that climate change is al- ready affecting people’s lives in potentially devastating ways. After the test house ignites, IBHS em- ployees track the flames as they burrow un- der the roof, shatter windows and send a torrent of embers toward a second building downwind. While they’re studying the blaze, a wall of industrial turbines fan the flames with gusts up to 50 miles per hour — roughly the same wind speeds that helped to fuel the wildfires in 2018 that destroyed Paradise, Calif., one of the most devastating disasters in recent years. By the end of the experiment, millions of data points will capture exactly how a fire
might spread from house to house. This is precisely the kind of blaze that’s becoming more common as wildfires reach into dense neighborhoods. There’s more than one way for a house to catch fire. Vents and windows can let embers slip in- side. Siding or roofing material that burns too easily accelerates the spread. Things nearby also matter. Garbage cans, patio furniture, fences, hedges and cars can ignite. These “connective fuels” help flames reach a house. Few organizations have the funding and facilities to study fire in this way. In a series of experiments, researchers have burned down 14 test homes. They tweak the build- ing materials, wind speeds and other vari- ables to mimic real-world conditions. These and other experiments have taught valuable lessons. For example, use building materials and methods designed to withstand embers, heat and flames. Re- move flammable things in the yard, particu-
When fires cross into dense neighborhoods, risk to homes can vary depending on building materials and landscaping. From Wildlands Into Urban Areas
BUILDING-TO-BUILDING FIRE RISK
Higher risk Lower risk
larly within five feet of a building, to lower the chance of fire reaching it at all. An analysis found that communities com- bining these strategies were twice as likely to survive a major conflagration. The insurance industry, which is the pri- mary source of funding for IBHS, is using its research. California requires insurers to offer discounts if homeowners upgrade their properties to be more fire-resistant.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY WILL CROOKS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Above, IBHS employees collect data during the test. Left, another employee prevents embers from spreading fire outside the test area.
Some of the biggest savings come from meeting a collection of standards that qual- ify for a certification under the IBHS Wild- fire Prepared Home program, rather than making individual changes. California’s fifth-largest insurer, CSAA, now guarantees policies to anyone with the certification. Studies also show that the distance be- tween buildings is important. Ideally, ac- cording to IBHS research, homes would have 30 feet or more between them to min- imize the chance that one becomes fuel to burn the other. Of course, the distance between homes is impossible to modify once a neighborhood has been built. But “can we reduce the expo- sure enough that the hardened materials on the neighbor’s structure actually prevent your home from igniting?” asked Dr. Morri- son. “What you’re trying to do is stop the ca- tastrophe, not achieve perfection,” he said. Even though California has some of the country’s strongest standards for new con- struction, it has struggled to keep pace with the wildfire threat. After devastating fire seasons in 2017 and 2018, private insurers began rapidly dropping customers, pushing more than 500,000 homeowners onto the state’s costly, bare-bones insurer of last re- sort. Many people have decided to forgo coverage altogether. In an effort to lure insurance companies back to the state, California lawmakers have taken steps to require people to reduce their fire risk. In 2020, the state legislature passed a bill requiring people in particularly fire-prone places to clear flammable materials from the first five feet around their house. How- ever, some local officials and neighborhood organizations objected, and implementa- tion of the plan has been delayed. Unwilling to wait, the City of Berkeley, Calif., enacted its own version of the rules. They took effect in January. “This is an area where there is a strong body of research,” said Colin Arnold, the assistant fire chief at Berkeley Fire. As the map at left shows, homes in Berke- ley with starkly different fire risks can exist on the same street, depending on construc- tion methods, vegetation nearby and prox- imity to other houses. By focusing on the blocks closest to the fire-prone hills to the east, Berkeley officials hope to lower the threat posed to the rest of the city. To ease the transition, fire officials started with voluntary inspections and community groups are helping clear brush for neighbors at no cost. And local land- scape architects are helping residents adapt their yards in ways that they still find attractive. Wildfire isn’t a new threat; it’s been af- fecting humanity for millenniums, said Roy Wright, the president of IBHS. “I don’t want us to ever assert that we can somehow de- sign ourselves out of this risk,” he said. The goal, instead, is to put people in a place where “the risk doesn’t feel catastrophic.”
结论： 发现多项严重交付缺陷（Blocking Issues），主要集中在幻觉文本、数值处理错误、以及严重的文本截断/遗漏。
# The New York Times - 04.08.2026.pdf，原件中并无此日期（且 2026 年为未来日期）。90 亿美元 十亿、50 亿美元 十亿、18 亿美元 billion。将中文单位与英文单位重复叠加，属于典型的翻译后处理缺陷。20 Percent 虽正确但未统一为中文。# U(D54G1D)y+%!$!?!$!] 这种无法解析的乱码块。SpaceX 可能会更加坎坷 概括。（此处文本中断），且后续内容跳跃严重。两名女性领导…… $\rightarrow$ 后面直接跳到其他话题）。(S.I.) 等未翻译的内部缩写。| 检查项 | 状态 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
| 忠实度 (Faithfulness) | ❌ 极差 | 包含大量原件不存在的幻觉文本。 |
| 完整度 (Completeness) | ❌ 极差 | 关键商业分析段落被大量删除。 |
| 数值准确性 (Numbers) | ❌ 失败 | 出现 亿美元 十亿 等重复冗余。 |
| 残留英文/乱码 (English/Garbage) | ❌ 存在 | 包含乱码块及未处理的英文单位。 |
| 截断问题 (Truncation) | ❌ 严重 | 多个段落中途截断且未完成翻译。 |
审计结果：不通过 (FAIL)