The New York Times International - 04.08.2026
2026-08-04 Boosty PDF 中文极简摘要
The New York Times International - 04.08.2026.pdf
- Boosty 帖子：Newspapers - 04.08.2026
- 国际版 / 观点 / 优先开展和平谈判：评论员托马斯·E·格雷厄姆指出美俄乌谈判时机紧迫，建议美国立即重新介入以防止冲突升级，避免俄罗斯与乌克兰分歧进一步扩大。
- 世界 / 印度教育体系危机：印度青年群体因教育体系脱节引发大规模抗议导致教育部长辞职，由于人口红利窗口期至2030年将关闭，政府面临严重的就业准备不足挑战。
- 世界 / 外层空间物体责任与赔偿：由于现有太空条约起草于早期时代，难以适应当前的商业化环境，导致如肯尼亚遭遇法国火箭碎片坠落后在责任认定与赔偿上存在困难。
- 商业 / 联邦政府信息自由法(FOIA)履行率下降：2023财年美国联邦政府面临创纪录的100万份文件请求，但由于AI工具降低查询门槛及政治因素，导致响应率处于低位且积压近10万件请求。
- 商业 / 非洲岛国C.B.I.公民身份项目：该岛国于2025年8月启动投资入籍项目，通过最低8万至9万美元的捐赠即可获取免签80多国的护照，吸引了大量寻求流动性多样化的美国投资者。
- 生活 / 克里斯托弗·诺兰核心时代的《奥德赛》：Maureen Dowd 探讨了电影《奥德赛》在生物伦理学与历史文化价值方面的深度，分析了奥德修斯对知识和经验的长期追求。
- 生活 / TikTok算法对脆弱用户的心理影响：通过Jasmine Barnett的案例揭示TikTok算法会在用户分手等脆弱期持续推送相关负面内容，导致用户难以走出痛苦状态并引发对算法成瘾性的审查。
- 生活 / “布鲁斯之母”玛·雷尼录音精选集：Black Dean Records等机构推出新精选集，全面回顾玛·雷尼在1937至1955年间的录音生涯，记录其在布鲁斯音乐领域的开拓性影响力。
The New York Times International - 04.08.2026.pdf
“生活在炼狱中” 火灾后的 难闻气味
第 6 页 / 世界
脆感吸引力 为什么我们 倾向于喜欢发出响声的食物
末页 / 生活
钻石的黄金时代 美国 TABLEF 豁免名单 引发熟悉担忧
第 7 页 / 商业
纽约时报
国际版 / 2026年8月4日，星期二
为乌克兰
优先开展 和平谈判
托马斯·E·格雷厄姆 (Thomas E. Graham)
观点
虽然特朗普总统正专注于伊朗，但一个能够终止俄罗斯-乌克兰战争的绝佳时机可能正在流逝。俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京和乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基在近几个月里明确表示，他们希望美国重新介入并启动密集谈判，以结束战斗。
他们不会永远等待。普京先生继续对特朗普先生表示赞赏，但一些高级官员以及知名评论员正强调美国对乌克兰战争努力的援助，并质疑美国总统能否充当一个有效且关键的中间人。乌克兰人继续与欧洲人就谈判策略密切合作。基辅的一些人希望
在局势恶化之前，达成俄罗斯-乌克兰和平协议的机会十分渺茫。
让他们更直接地参与其中，这将扩大与莫斯科的分歧，从而降低和平的机会。主张美国立即重新介入的理由有两点，且令人信服。
首先，冲突已经进入一个危险的升级螺旋。乌克兰正在加大力度，对俄罗斯境内更深处的目标发动打击，包括能源基础设施和军事目标。它正在缓慢地将克里米亚半岛与俄罗斯大陆隔绝。一个以来，远离前线的俄罗斯人首次感受到了战争的直接影响。克里姆林宫在维持表面平静，但显然担心基辅的打击可能会瓦解俄罗斯社会的斗志，同时它承诺将对那些被其谴责为恐怖袭击的行为采取更加严厉的报复。
而报复行动方面，俄罗斯正在迅速加强对乌克兰城市和关键基础设施的空中袭击，利用其毁灭性影响。乌克兰的防空库存正在减少。破坏范围在扩大，平民死亡人数在增加，而乌克兰正仓促准备应对即将到来的另一个极其寒冷的时期。
与此同时，随着乌克兰无人机和俄罗斯导弹——无论是有意还是无意——侵犯北约盟国的领空，且克里姆林宫威胁要对乌克兰的欧洲支持者采取行动，欧洲对战争扩大的担忧正在蔓延。莫斯科谴责其认为的欧洲军事化和战争准备。请见第 4 页。
纽约时报发表来自广泛视角的观点，旨在就重大问题引发建设性辩论。
上周，大量美国塞塔人进入西班牙北部和西部的领土，这是由于对摩洛哥缺乏机会的失望所驱动。
因绝望而奔向西班牙
FN3D2，摩洛哥
摩洛哥已取得长足进步，但年轻人仍发现就业机会匮乏
作者：RED STUBBARD 和 GISA ALANI
上周，摩洛哥的穆罕默德六世国王在向国民发表讲话，纪念其登基 27 周年时，他充满希望地谈到了这个北非国家的未来。
他说，摩洛哥安全且稳定，经济正在增长，在旅游业、投资和制造业方面取得了长足进步。
“这是我们国家发展的一个关键时刻，”这位 42 岁的君主在周三表示，“这是一个信心和乐观应当战胜绝望和挫败感的时刻。”
然而，在接下来的两天里，数以万计的公民试图逃离该国。由于对自己在摩洛哥的前景感到极度绝望，他们冒着与警察发生冲突以及在海上采取危险手段的风险，试图抵达西班牙的飞地塞塔，希望能过上更好的生活。
“我尝试工作，找一份工作来维持生计，但这里对我来说没有任何机会，”21 岁的建筑工人穆罕默德·克瑙特（Mohammed Knaut）说道，他已被强制遣返回摩洛哥。 “如果我不离开这个国家，没有什么能救我。”
在飞地被占领后，一条俯瞰塞塔的路边景色。西班牙当局表示有 72 人死亡，大多数人在试图游向该领土时溺水。
克瑙特先生是一次突然大迁徙的一部分。这次迁徙始于周四，当时 50,000 到 60,000 名移民开始强行进入塞塔——一个位于北非海岸的西班牙微小领土。到周六，许多移民由于缺乏食物和水而离开，西班牙安全部队驱逐了其他人，但在那之前，这场危机已经给欧洲各地的极右翼政客提供了新的借口，用来抨击其对手在移民问题上的观点。
西班牙当局在周日表示，他们在危机期间记录到 72 例死亡。摩洛哥政府报告了 11 例死亡。双方均表示，大多数死亡原因是溺水。在边境出现令人震惊的混乱场景之前，摩洛哥政府有许多值得庆祝的成就：物流和工业投资，共同举办 2030 年男子世界杯的准备工作，以及与特朗普总统的强有力关系——后者曾多次称赞该国及其君主，并投入 10 million。
但塞塔移民危机暴露了年轻人深层的沮丧感。在面对匮乏的就业机会、频发的干旱以及政府批评者频繁被捕的情况时，他们选择用脚投票，离开这里。
“你觉得如果我有工作，我还会走吗？”24 岁的阿尔丹·阿尔-阿丁（Aldane al-Adeen）在被问及前往塞塔前曾在哪里工作时，无奈地说道。周日，她坐在边境附近的阳光下，看起来精疲力竭。
她说，她是和 4 个兄弟姐妹一起游到该领土的，其中包括她 6 岁的弟弟。在塞塔，他们躲在一片森林里，但因为饥饿，她在寻找食物时被拘留并被遣返回摩洛哥。
周末期间，数千名被遣返的移民（其中大多数是摩洛哥年轻男性）在摩洛哥小镇法丁（Fading）的街道上徘徊，在人行道上休息，在空地上睡觉。大多数人身穿 T 恤，脚穿凉鞋，携带的随身物品极少，甚至完全没有。
身穿黑色制服的警察队伍 CEVIN，第 4 页
太空垃圾
日益增加 地坠向地球
香港
燃烧的金属碎片击中了房屋、农田和道路。谁该为此负责？
作者：EELAH GERBERSDAM
在一个十二月的下午，天空被撕裂，一块比校车还宽的炽热金属块呼啸而下。
当它坠入一片农田时，发出的巨响盖过了雷鸣，惊动了肯尼亚姆巴卡村（Mubaka）的所有人，该村位于首都内罗比南约三小时车程处。
“人们认为世界末日到了，”住在附近约翰·穆巴拉姆（John Mubaram）说道。
当村民们赶到时，他们发现一个巨大的圆环嵌入土中，它比成年男子还高，比马还重。他们观察着它：在 4x8 的灰色中。他们守护着它，偶尔遭受袭击，直到来自首都的官员们涌入村庄。
这个圆环曾连接着某个制造者的部件。它在返回地球时本应被烧毁。
“这是一个孤立事件，”肯尼亚空间局在 2025 年初表示。
事实并非如此。
比以往任何时候更多的太空碎片正地坠向地球——这是各国政府以及 SpaceX (太空探索技术公司) 等公司争夺星际霸权的疯狂竞争产生的一种后果。
去年，美国太空部队对近 820 个进入地球大气层的物体发布了警报。十年前，政府发布的警报对象仅为 120 个。
“这类重新编写的事件每天都在发生，”波兰空间局负责空间态势感知行动的玛丽莎·加尼亚（Marissa Ghania）表示。他说，重量在 1 公吨或以上的太空物体大约每周掉落一次。
大部分碎片在大气层中被焚毁或溅入太平洋，但如果没有被焚毁，它们就会坠落在太空。第 4 页
在澳大利亚，一个金属球于六月被冲到昆士兰州的一个海滩上。矿工们还在一条沙漠公路上发现了碎片。
詹姆斯·巴克，纽约时报
“对我来说，唱歌是一件极其私人的事情，”萨姆·史密斯（Sam Smith）说道，其专辑记录了他们与朋友的关系。
一位心碎专家
尝试一次“得偿的爱”
萨姆·史密斯将阴郁的歌曲搁置一旁，转而创作庆祝浪漫的音乐
作者：NELLINA RYJIM
当萨姆·史密斯在演唱会前感到舞台恐惧时（这种情况总是发生），这里保留着宇宙及其所有冒险的景象：“世界如此之大，月亮如此之高，”这位歌手说道，“而我如此之小，我表演的这个房间如此之小，即使它是一个体育场。我从上方俯瞰它，让自己意识到这样没关系，我是安全的。”
史密斯从小就梦想成为流行巨星，并在 22 岁时实现了这一目标。2016 年，凭借全球大热单曲《Stay With Me》，他们从此成为了全球瞩目的焦点，其不费力的、能弯曲八度的高男高音总能同时引发人们的战栗与泪水。然而，“我真的在挣扎，”他们在最近的一次访谈中告诉我。 “对我来说，唱歌是一件极其私人的事情。除非必须，否则你不会听到我唱歌。”
在 34 岁时，史密斯在过去三年多时间里让自己变得更加丰满，因此他们的生活变得不再变幻莫测。他们为了一个男孩——时装设计师克里斯蒂安·考恩（Christian Cowan）从故乡英国搬到了纽约。史密斯带着眩晕的微笑告诉我，考恩现在已经正式成为了朋友。
史密斯的新专辑《Hand Eyes》将于 8 月 21 日发行，密切记录了他们亲密关系的进程；他们在与考恩第一次约会的前一晚开始创作充满渴望的第一首曲目《Everlasting Love》，并在深夜完成。作为一名以心碎情了闻名的情歌歌手，这次是首次尝试：正如他们在今年早些时候一场旧金山售罄演出中所说，这是他们第一次写关于“得偿的爱”的作品——自豪且耐心地庆祝一段稳定的关系。史密斯，第 5 页
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2 / 星期二，2026年8月4日
纽约时报 国际版
第二页
他开拓了加利福尼亚的一个葡萄酒产区
DAVID HIRSCH 1944-2026
作者：ERIC ASHOY
大卫·希尔施（David Hirsch）于上周二在加利福尼亚州圣罗莎去世，享年 81 岁。他是首批在加利福尼亚州风力强劲、海拔较高的索诺玛海岸（Sonoma Coast）种植葡萄的人之一，他对该地区的关注使其成为了美国伟大的葡萄酒产区之一。
其家人表示，他在医院因呼吸衰竭去世。
希尔施先生并不是第一个在索诺玛海岸种植葡萄的人。但他的葡萄园最终拥有 77 英亩（20 公顷）种植和播种的霞多丽（chardonnay），分布在超过 1,000 英亩的地产上的二十多个区块中，确实激发了年轻且有天赋的生产者的想象力。
希尔施先生表示，最初他的葡萄是以匿名的索诺玛群岛（Sonoma Islands）名义出租给其他人的。但在 20 世纪 80 年代初，一些充满活力的葡萄种植者——如 Williams Selyson 的巴特·威廉姆斯（Bart Williams）和埃德·塞利森（Ed Selyson）、Littoral 的特德·莱特马尔（Ted Letmar）以及 Kistler Vineyards 的史蒂夫·基斯特勒（Steve Kistler）——被希尔施先生的工作所吸引。
这些生产者分别酿造了以“希尔施葡萄园”（Hirsch Vineyards）品牌命名的葡萄酒，这些酒在确立索诺玛海岸作为顶级黑皮诺（pinot noir）和霞多丽产区方面起到了关键作用。希尔施先生最终开始生产自己的葡萄酒，但他从未停止向其他酿酒师出售葡萄。
由希尔施葡萄园葡萄酿造的葡萄酒具有鲜明的特色，结构稳健且迷人，带有优雅、微咸的水果风味。
“紧致的结构一直是希尔施的标志，”Littoral 的莱特马尔先生在接受《纽约时报》采访时谈到这些植物时表示，“它有一种狂野的草本气息，带有鼠尾草和香味草的味道，且酸度良好。”
1979, 年，当希尔施先生在索诺玛海岸购买第一块土地（一个 700 英亩的旧羊牧场）时，土地廉价且充足。广阔的海岸线，海风多于喷泉，山脊上只有少数全球命令行（globally commands）的树木，吸引了近期回归东方类型的人们，他们开始尝试在艰苦的土壤上建立葡萄园。
在一位热爱葡萄酒的朋友的鼓励下，希尔施先生于 1980 年种植了首批两英亩的葡萄。他后来回忆道，那位朋友告诉他：“在这里种上黑皮诺，这里将成为世界闻名的葡萄园。”
他很快在原计划中增加了更多种植，他将其称为“老葡萄园”（Old Vineyard）。不久之后，更多潜在的种植者来到了海岸。
最吸引人的是酿造伟大葡萄酒的潜力，而非利润。海岸上的种植者在土地上没有重量。该土地在丰收年每英亩产出 a half in two tons 的葡萄，与纳帕谷（Napa Valley）底部的农民相比简直微不足道，后者每英亩可以确保 4 到 5 吨甚至更多。
在早年，索诺玛海岸种植者大多处于边缘地带。许多人不得不自行解决他们自己水源中最受欢迎的部分。损坏的机器可能需要等待数日才能修理，如果需要订购零件，时间则更长。
但这些葡萄酒极其出色，希尔施先生和资深农民们在他人看来极具吸引力。到 2005 年，他在海岸上的邻居包括靠近安纳波利斯的 Amy Vineyards、Maracusha、Flowers、Faille 和 Fort Ross Vineyard（靠近 Causolevi）、Thomas Rivers Brown 或 Brown-Marte 以及 Cobb-Wines 等众多酒庄。
正如那些土地所有者所指出的，正如其视频所示：“我们在老葡萄园每英亩花费了 $2,000 或 $3,000，”希尔施先生在 2005 年回忆道，“在今天，这甚至不够办手续。”
到 2008, 年，希尔施先生决定，为了真正理解葡萄园的复杂性并使其耕作决定具有意义，他也必须酿造自己的葡萄酒。他在 2002 年建立了一家酒庄，并开始以“希尔施葡萄园”标签销售。
2014, 年，在一次严重的拖拉机事故后，希尔施先生开始使用轮椅。但他继续在葡萄园和酒庄工作。
大卫·迈克尔·希尔施于 7, 1944, 年 9 月 7 日出生在布朗克斯（Bronx），父母是乔治和雷本（施莱特）（George and Reben (Schleator)）希尔施，他们从事护理书籍业务。
尽管大卫获得了前往纽约哥伦比亚大学就读的奖学金，但他一年后就离开了。他在全国各地游历，最终来到了阿拉斯加，在那里做了两年的铁路工人，随后前往明尼苏达州的杜鲁斯，
上图为大卫·希尔什在 2005 年将其称为“旧葡萄园”的地方。左图为位于卡伦索诺玛海岸的希尔什地产。
在那里，他从事将铁矿石运往冶炼厂的运输工作。
“我当时是个洗车工，”他在 2019 年接受洛里·杜布纳的葡萄酒播客《我为此干杯》（I'll Drink to That）采访时回忆道，“这让我接触到了自然和美国之美及其壮阔。”
他在 20 世纪 80 年代移居加利福尼亚并退休，不过他仍继续旅行。在一次墨西哥之旅中，他提到当时的女友买了一些手工艺品，引发了专利争议，他将这些东西带回家。不久后，他进入了批发贸易行业，买卖来自世界各地的艺术品和服装。
尽管他继续投身商业，但希尔什先生是 20 世纪 60 年代的产物，是一个真正的信徒。他后来回忆道，到 20 世纪 70 年代中期，他开始感到幻灭，认为圣克鲁兹变得越来越世俗化。
“20 世纪 60 年代的先锋们成了 70 年代的‘时髦之辈’，”他在杜布纳先生的播客中这样描述。
他向西寻找自己的土地，在阿拉斯加、俄勒冈州和北卡罗来纳州搜寻。最终，他在靠近考索莱维镇的索诺玛海岸发现了一处旧牧场的广告，那里距离金门大桥两小时车程，位于海拔 1,500 英尺（450 米）的脊线上，就在 100 世纪的俄罗斯定居点罗斯堡内陆不远处。
“那就是那个地方，”他说，“那里没有电，没有房子，而且便宜得离谱；它完全没有价值。”
在将葡萄卖给其他生产商多年后，希尔什先生在 2002 年建立了自己的酿酒厂——希尔什葡萄园（Hirsch Vineyards）。
他的女儿贾斯敏·希尔什于 1998 年加入家族企业，现任总经理兼酿酒师。
继承他遗产的包括：杰西卡·希尔什（他与第一任妻子丽贝卡·基迪斯曼所生的另一个女儿）；约瑟夫·希尔什（他与第二任妻子伊丽莎白·格莱德斯通所生的 10 岁儿子）；他的妻子玛丽·希尔什；他的四个兄弟姐妹亚当、丹尼尔、苏珊和贝蒂·希尔什；以及两个孙辈。
虽然希尔什先生最初在索诺玛并没有种植葡萄的意图，但他已经对葡萄酒产生了兴趣。在前往巴黎的出差中，他习惯了顶级佳酿，尤其是被勃艮地的黑皮诺和霞多丽所吸引。
在法国首都处理完公务后，他会前往勃艮地，访问诸如奥贝尔·德·维拉洛斯特的杜纳克·德·拉·布雷萨内（以及路易·拉图，法国的纽芬兰）等酒庄，不仅是为了美酒，也是为了勃艮地式的生活方式。
“在那些日子里，勃艮地还没有变成现在的样子，”他在杜布纳先生的播客中说道，“葡萄酒没有被收藏，酿酒师们没有那么功利。人们买酒是为了饮用和分享。勃艮地的体验让我感到兴奋，我想成为其中的一部分。”
在勃艮地的时光塑造了他对索诺玛海岸那片土地的野心。到 2003 年，他退出了服装生意，全职从事葡萄种植。虽然许多成功人士将酿酒作为人生的第二幕，但希尔什先生表现出的投入程度则截然不同。
“我的灵感，”他说，“是创造一个纯粹的、超越性的社区，一个集成、自给自足的社区，能够抵御分析主义和物质主义生活方式带来的陷阱。”
一位心碎专家尝试“双向奔赴的爱”
DAVIE JOHN KYLE
这也是萨姆·史密斯 (Sam Smith) 首次完全按照自己的意愿制作的唱片，脱离了新乡村音乐——即由精致的词曲作者组成的结构，以及那些此前支撑其职业生涯的 A&H 笔记。相反，在凭借与 Kim Peters 合作的 2023 年格莱美获奖 No. 1 热门单曲获得成功后，他们尝试了新的方向，就像资深读者 Patsy 那样，与一个完整的福音合唱团共同制作了十几首梦幻曲目，呈现出一种更加随性的声音。
他们选择居住的城市给了他们意想不到的提升——作为一名艺术家，作为一名伴侣，以及一个渴望沟通并被理解的人。“在纽约，我不是街上唯一的心碎者，”他们在我们面对波涛汹涌的水域（随后又是帽子）时说道，那是格林威治村 (Greenwich Village) 一个历史悠久的空隙，也是史密斯最喜欢的场所之一。“我每天都被那些‘过度’的人包围着。我的意思是，这种‘过度’就像一场歌曲之舞。”
这并不是说《Hazel Eyes》（他们的第五张专辑，是的，是以 Cowan 的眼睛颜色命名）纯粹是关于暗示。其中有更阴暗的时刻，歌词触及了欺骗与痛苦，编曲听起来像临近的雷鸣。我们听到了埋藏在国家内部的时间，他们并未在曲目中记录太多；当他们闭上眼睛听到起伏时，他们说：“我不觉得，这简直美好得不真实！”这样表达是有意为之。“我一直能感受到各种情绪，”史密斯说。“所以我的笑是沉浸式的，我可以变得非常极端，也可以不那样。”
一张在常规流行工业中制作的专辑可能会磨平那种疯狂，但史密斯现在拥有新的清晰度和自信。不仅是纯粹的观察，而且比 1,000 年前多了许多。萨姆·史密斯搬到纽约后，我觉得他们真正地拥抱了新乡村的创意特质。史密斯是一位 4-foot-chester-based 的词曲作者和制作人，他在 22, 岁时第一次见到史密斯，并参与了其首张专辑《In the Lonely River》以及《Hazel Eyes》的制作。
左上，萨姆·史密斯；右，在今年的第 16 届 Gala 上身穿由时装设计师 Christian Cowan 设计的黑色套装。史密斯与 Cowan 现已订婚。右上，史密斯分享新专辑《Hazel Eyes》的曲目，该专辑以 Cowan 的特征命名。
“在这张专辑中，他们获得了充分的自由，去成为那个我所熟知的、曾与我共处一室的声音。”
NEWWOOD BERNETT
多年来，史密斯的粉丝们一直随着其敲击椅子的曲调啜泣并合唱，《I've lost the long One》中对失去之爱的深情款款显然是自省的。在 Goodfellow's 餐厅，一个可能意味着更多（格莱美获奖曲目《Toss with Me》）的新之夜，当史密斯去年在纽约的一系列自我设定演出中亮相，并在旧金山推出名为《My Guy》的新曲目时，观众几乎抱住了他们的朋友。
“我觉得很好，我很开心，”史密斯穿着棕色牛仔面料，在布鲁克林的一家俱乐部 Warzone 宣布，他在那里演出了 23 场。在旧金山，史密斯是标志性 Czar's 剧院翻新后首位登台表演者，他们进一步表示：“这真的感觉像是我等待了一辈子的歌曲。”
“《My Guy》曲风甜美得令人心碎，带有双倍流行乐的提升，它在一次完整的摇滚创作中诞生，展现出一种真实、绽放的意识，粉丝们地接纳了他们的个性化 Feist（该曲目的共同作者）以及多乐器演奏者 Shatland 本人。”
最终完成的歌曲无法替代史密斯最初的 demo 效果，因为结果源自最初的演示版本。“这可能是许多未来婚礼上的‘第一支舞’。”
“无论同性还是异性，”Feist 说道。
当然，萨姆·史密斯（Sam Smith）的新任职此时正值年龄权，尤其是跨性别者权益——史密斯在 2019 年公开其性别认同——正遭受考验，甚至对他们而言已然丧失。自 2014 年发行首张专辑以来，他们一直是同性恋群体中敢于发声的成员——这在当时的流行音乐界极不寻常（有时甚至被视为异类），且多年前，他们开始支持慈善机构 Pink House Foundation。但作为一名艺术家，他们也有自己的追求。
“对我来说，在这个时代，在这个世界上，身为酷儿并演唱情歌，本身就具有一种激进色彩，”史密斯说道。任何成年评论家的审视都是一种权力行使，他们总结道，“我不会允许我读到和看到的那些毒素，左右我的爱的方式。”
在过去的几个月里，我与史密斯进行了两次深入采访，在布鲁克林与 Brandt Carlile 和 Ed Sherman 共同观察，在 Cairns 的皮吧里看到他们身着皮裤和过膝靴，并在骄傲之月周末开始之初，在 Stonewall 国家纪念馆访客中心的一场小型音乐会上感受到了真挚的情感。尽管面临着煽动性的延迟，但我依然惊讶于他们对纽约的开放与投入（他们还有一个专门记录身体的 Instagram 账号），以及他们在行走时那毫不掩饰的自在。
“我从未与那样一个人在街上行走，他会如此出众，”Feist 说道。
一些与史密斯亲近的人担心他们作为一名极具知名度的音乐人的处境。“这种文化气候对任何人都没有基本的关怀，”Austen 说道，这位极具远见的创作歌手和艺术家被史密斯视为酷儿导师。“他们是一个非常真实且善良的人，”Austen 在谈到史密斯时说，“一个偶像，一个偶像。”而且我年纪大了，我已经见识过这种风气的几个轮回了！
时代之窗
史密斯在英国剑桥附近的一个村庄长大，在粉色的繁荣中成长。在田野与河流之间，他们会独自前往那里寻求改变。“我曾那样漫无目的地行走，但我现在不再那样了，”他们说。“我曾与树木交谈。”（Cowan 住在 10 分钟路程之外，但他们在四年前在纽约通过网络相识。）
他们在 10 岁时就公开了自己的同性恋身份，并告知了家人，包括两个妹妹。他们的母亲是家庭支柱，在领导岗位工作，而他们的父亲则是一名看管员。外祖母和姨妈在他们的成长过程中也扮演了重要角色。“我在一个情感非常充沛且著名的环境中长大，”史密斯说。
在搬到伦敦后，他们迅速开始活跃，在电子音乐制作人的伴奏下提供人声（2012 年的 Sunbeare）。到 2018 年，他们已经赢得了四项格莱美奖和一个奥斯卡奖（凭借詹姆斯·邦德主题曲《Writing's on the Wall》）。
Adalat 表示，他们野心的深度使他们在早期就脱颖而出。“萨姆就是有一种驱动力，”他说。“这种驱动力在某种程度上令我震惊。还有那个声音。”
史密斯的音域，从低沉的沙哑到高亢的颤音，令其他艺术家惊叹。“那种自然的表达，那些细微的起伏、粗粝感及其自在程度，”Feist 赞叹道，她此前从未在此时的职业生涯中参与过共同创作。（史密斯是通过 Instagram 消息邀请她的。）
史密斯的愿景首次体现在（Adalat 发现）那首冠军热门单曲《Chinks!》中，该曲被评价为“带来了伟大的生命力”。但在录音室里，史密斯说，这遇到了反对。
“那个声音，我在那个房间里与一些声音作斗争，”他们说。“有些人完全不理解；认为它不应该出现在唱片里。”
在对声音的执着驱动下，史密斯和 Petros 最终获胜。“我以前经常穿着音乐服在卧室的镜子前跳舞——当我听到这首歌时，我就有那种感觉，”史密斯说，并补充道，“在一个紧张的环境中，我们和他可以站起来，吐出舌头，快速挑衅。你知道，这就是酷儿力量的一部分！”
史密斯在录制《Hazel Eyes》时也采用了类似的和谐处理，且是以一种未经修饰的方式。 “噢，母亲，我下定决心，在追踪轨道上，那个女孩在史密斯母亲的异国他乡以及‘纽约北部地区充满记忆的歌曲之攀登’中，”史密斯说道。他们多次调整人声，使其在能量中产生扭曲。最终，尽管不再是一个数字，他们为明亮的头发及其一切贡献了一包音乐，并要求录音室经理拿一瓶威士忌！Adalat 回忆道：“在我的一生中，从未见过一家公司在人声方面给我们这么多。”
史密斯现在不再以同样的方式唱高音：他们的嗓音掌控力随着年龄和经验而改变。即使在聆听这张专辑中的录音时，他们也觉得自己比以前更有水准，“一个圆润的我，”他们说，“你能听到乐器中的生命力。”
纽约时报 国际版
2026年8月4日，星期二 / 3
世界
抗议活动使印度学校成为关注焦点
政府被敦促修复一个让许多学生准备不足的教育体系
作者：PRAGUE I. K. 和 SOMEH KENSLYTA
近几周在印度城市街道上引发动荡的 Gini Z 抗议活动，始于印度学校课堂中破灭的梦想。
这是印度人口红利承诺的突然“跟腱”——印度拥有全球最庞大的青年人口，原则上这可以促进经济增长。大多数印度儿童都在就学。但数以百万计的学生在毕业时，面对大学甚至职场都准备不足，即便其他家庭为了教育支付了比以往更高的费用，并对未来抱有巨大的雄心。
这一点至关重要，因为印度的青年人口——15 到 20 岁之间有 387 million 人——是全球最大的 Gini Z 群体。尽管他们的街头抗议活动在上个月以印度教育部长辞职而告终，但针对该国教育体系的愤怒，仍是总理 Nurnada Modi 12 年领导期间面临的最严重挑战之一。
“我们在这里什么也没学到。什么都没有，”一名 10 岁（注：原文如此）的大学生 Agarwal 在上周加入印度首都的数千人游行时，谈到他在学校度过的岁月时说道。“我们的学校跟不上学生的步伐。”
研究人员表示，印度不断膨胀的青年人口增长轨迹预计到 2030, 年将放缓，这意味着该国利用人口红利的时间窗口很短。教育机会依然不平等。政府学校与私立机构之间存在差距。家庭在私人教师上花费昂贵。大学录取竞争激烈、费用高昂，且让许多人无法企及。
机会十分稀缺，即使是对受过教育的人来说也是如此。
“从未有这么多印度青年像现在这样受过教育且联系如此紧密，”今年由班加罗尔亚洲 Pepsi 大学研究人员发布的一项名为《印度劳动力状态》（State of Working India）的关于印度劳动力市场年轻人的详尽研究得出结论。“如果我们要收获人口红利，为这个极具抱负的群体创造具有报酬且有意义的就业机会势在必行。”
这次抗议利用了总理提出的一句充满抱负的口号，该口号被授权给 No. Yacibe Inc.，象征着未来美好生活的承诺。抗议者举起标语，上面写着 “Yacibe Inc.”，象征着对孩子们未来日子的承诺。
独特的教育
Agarwal先生对其教育质量的抱怨得到了数据的证实。根据政府最新的语言技能评估，印度近一半的成年毕业生无法完成基础测试的主要考点，新闻文章亦然。因此，新的一章显示，当地的科学评估结果更为糟糕。
农村学校的情况尤其糟糕。根据由一个独立小组编制的 2024 年年度教育状况报告，大约 30
上图，抗议者要求印度教育部长辞职。他确实辞职了，但修复教育系统的挑战依然存在。左下，2023 年一群学生在巴特那等待进入补习班；右下，在德里的一个公园里学习。一名学生在谈到自己的学校时代时说：“我们在这里什么也没学到。”“什么都没有。”
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百分比的农村学校八年级学生在阅读和理解二年级水平的测试时感到吃力。约一半的学生在基础算术方面存在困难。
“老师们不在乎我们是否在学习、是否理解，甚至不在乎我们是否到校，”26, 岁的 Justice Dukin 说道，他是农民之子，一名来自北方邦农村地区的高中生。他说，上大学是不可能的，因为支付额外课程费用以攻克大学入学考试超出了他家庭的经济能力。相反，Yadav先生正准备参加军队入学考试。
他的挫败感促使他在上周乘火车奔波 8 小时，前往首都参加抗议活动。“我们睁开了眼睛，”他说，“我们无法感知我们现在所看到的一切。”
许多学校仍然缺乏基础条件。政府公共政策研究机构最近的一项审查发现，超过 100,000 所学校缺乏“实用电能”，部分学校缺乏女厕，且近一半的所有政府中学没有科学实验室。教师短缺，尤其是在农村地区；且许多教师准备不足，在他们所教年级的科目试卷中得分“低于 40-70 percent”。
该报告称：“课堂教学主要由完成教科书的压力主导，这往往是以牺牲基础学习为代价的。”
高昂的成本
印度的 Gini Z 出生于印度经济开放之后，其中许多人是通过一项 2009 年的转型法律进入学校的，该法承诺提供免费且义务的小学教育。他们的雄心很大，其父母的期望也同样很高，以至于根据这两年的政府调查，2021 年至 2025, 年间在补习老师上的支出增加了一倍多。15, 岁的 Lakshmi Dwakar 是新德里一所政府学校的 20 年级学生，她在四个科目上需要私人辅导。她的母亲是一名家政工人，父亲是一名日薪劳工；补习费用几乎占据了他们月收入的十分之一。但她说，如果没有补习，她在课堂上几乎听不懂，而她的老师没有时间回答她所有的问题。“我的学习很弱，”她说，“我不明白老师在学校教的内容。”
在另一个衡量雄心的指标中，学生们一直在稳定地逃离公立学校。在所有中学学生中，就读政府学校的人数比例有所下降，而 20 年前这一比例还超过 70 percent。私立学校被认为更好，但并非总是如此。
INTIUNE FEEDUISE
新德里的推广员 Agarwal 先生表示，如果你想在学校中竞争或考入大学，支付私人补习费用几乎是“强制性”的。在高中期间，他请私人教师辅导数学和科学。随后，他参加了一个为期一年的在线课程，以准备工程学院的入学考试。他说，他甚至没有获得足够的高分进入工程学院，目前在德里大学学习物理和化学。（尽管他真正想做的是一名自由主义者）。“这给学生带来了一种压力，因为他们的父母花费了这么多，”他说，“他们期待我们能取得一些成果。”
21 岁的医学生 Ashika Zineera Muepud 的家人在 2023 年花费了约 $2,000（几乎相当于印度的年人均收入），让她参加为期一年的培训班以准备医学院入学考试。她说，这笔费用对她的家庭来说并不轻松，但它回应了他们的祈祷：她通过了。
她说，幸运的是，她不必面对今年 2.5 million 名考生所经历的情况。在被揭露部分题目提前泄露后，该入学考试被取消——学生们被要求在稍后重新参加考试。
“我很庆幸去年没有发生试卷泄露，”Muepud 女士说，“那种局面伤害了印度 Gini Z 的日子。”
为了衡量其政府面临的压力，莫迪先生宣布将成立一个独立工作组，研究如何改革大学入学考试制度。政府尚未公布任何解决印度教育系统更广泛关注问题的计划。
LITTLE REWARD
在过去的 40 年里，大学入学率大幅上升，尤其是在女性群体中，如今，每 10 名印度青年中就有超过一名进入大学。
大学数量显著增加，但费用也变得昂贵得多，尤其是专业学位。根据《印度劳动状态》（State of Working India）研究，如今获得医学或工程学位的成本超过了贫困家庭的人均支出。该报告直截了当地指出：“贫困家庭负担不起专业学位。”
然而，对于数百万年轻毕业生来说，大学学位几乎无法保证就业。
对于马德拉斯大学的一名研究生来说，似乎只有财富才能提供这种确定性。如果你有钱，你可以进入更好的学校，说更好的英语。你可以负担得起私人培训以进入一所好大学，而且如果你的家庭有正确的人脉，你可以找到一个最终能让你获得工作的实习机会。他的父亲是一名公交车售票员。他放弃了进入工程学院的梦想，因为培训班的费用无法负担。
“无论你学习多么努力，目前的系统就是这样，”他说，“我是否能找到工作永远是一个巨大的问号。与其读书，不如去放牛。”
Alex Truvell 参与了报道。
极端高温改变欧洲人对夏季的看法
柏林
对于当今的年轻人来说，这个季节与不断攀升的气温联系在一起
作者：JIM VANKEBURY 和 TATANA FIBIOVA
在一个晶莹剔透的六月周五早晨，克里斯蒂安·贝德诺斯基（Christiane Bednoski）带着她的父亲和年幼的孩子们来到了克鲁梅·兰科（Krumme Lanko）湖畔，这是柏林西部一个绿树成荫且富裕地区的湖泊。这是一个适合戏水、乘风且在海滩上留下闪烁水渍的惬意早晨，正是贝德诺斯基先生在巴伐利亚童年时期所享受的那种时光。
但有一个令人心惊的例外。“在我年轻的时候，没有这么热，”26 岁的贝德诺斯基先生说，“绝对没有这么热。”
六月份，柏林及整个德国的温度飙升至 100 华氏度（30 摄氏度）以上，打破了记录，且死亡人数远高于往年同期，上周又遭遇了另一波热浪。这是欧洲——这个世界上最快变暖的大陆——的新现实，这里的年轻人所经历的夏季版本与同一时期的过去相比已发生了剧烈变化。
“在 2000-2010 (Dec.) 期间上学的那一代人……”斯坦伯格可持续发展会议（Steinberg Sustainability Conference）主席、致力于减轻和适应气候变化的 65 岁杰基·施泰纳（Jackie Steiner）说道。
施泰纳先生回忆起在德国西北部奥斯纳布吕克（Osnabrück）附近的青少年时期，当时如果温度升至 30 华氏度以上，他的学校就会有一段关闭期。他说，这种情况每隔几年才会发生一次。
但他说，在过去的两年里，“我们将会有接之又接的停课日。”
这正在改变孩子们看待夏季的方式。
“有些日子太热了，热浪简直让人窒息。我更像是一个冬天的人，”21 岁的索菲亚·纳赫特海姆（Sophia Nachtsheim）说，她周四与母亲和三个弟弟妹妹一起访问了克鲁梅·兰科。
“你真的能感觉到一年比一年暖和，”她说，“这太疯狂了。”
她的侄女 Allis，2 岁，上周也与母亲在湖边消暑。母亲说，高温让 Allis 无法在阁楼卧室里睡觉，只好让她住在院子里的帐篷里。
“我在花园里露营吗？” Allis 接着问。
近几十年来，欧洲夏季气温几乎没有出现下降，这在很大程度上是灼热高温的结果。
德国气象局的数据显示，自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，每个夏季极端高温天数的数量翻了一番，而自 21 世纪初以来则增加了三倍。
这种增长改变了人们的旅行目的地。随着南欧经历现代史上最严重的森林火灾，欧盟报告称，旅行者在夏季越来越倾向于避开地中海灼热的海岸，转而向北迁移。
在柏林的克鲁梅·兰科湖消暑。“有些日子太热了，热浪简直让人窒息，”一名德国青少年说道。
像西班牙这样的南部目的地在气温较低的春季和秋季迎来访问人数的增长。
气候较温和的国家（如德国）的居民在安装空调上的支出有所增加。
增加的热量甚至在干扰简单的日常习惯，比如何时前往心爱的避暑地才安全。例如，贝德诺斯基先生在温度攀升至 50 华氏度以上时就离开了克鲁梅·兰科。
“我认为这是一个威胁，尤其是对于像婴儿这样的小孩子，”她说。“对于我 70 多岁的父亲，以及在养老院里 103 岁的祖母，我其实非常担心。”
一些北欧人说，他们并不完全在意这些事情，现在他们更怀念自己的青春。另一位克鲁梅·兰科的访客写道：“这就是我的柏林！他称之为童年的夏天。”在荷兰的海边，以及德国的波罗的海沿岸，那些日子阴雨绵绵且凉爽，让你觉得上帝正将我们排除在天气之外。他说，从个人层面来看，“温暖、阳光明媚的夏天是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。”
他们意识到，无论是年长还是年轻的欧洲人都正在与这种“新常态”作斗争。
在 6 月份的一项 YouGov 民意调查中，不到一半的德国受访者表示，他们难以应对高温。根据追踪疾病的联邦机构罗伯特·科赫研究所（Robert Koch Institute）的估计，高温已在全国范围内导致约 10,000 人死亡。
其他研究发现，热浪正在促使所有德国人的气候焦虑感增加，其中年轻一代对气候的担忧程度高于年长一代。
可持续发展会议的施泰纳先生表示，目前存在一种危险，即选民可能会感到无力，从而放弃减少排放和缓解气温升高的努力。“这就是目前某些最令人担忧的气候情景可能成为现实的风险，”他说。
6 月在 Krumme Lanko，贝德诺斯基先生 73 岁的父亲海南表达了类似的担忧。他说，他认为 40 年前的人们才是“在地球上过上有尊严的生活的最佳一代”。
他说，他不仅担心空气中的高温（气温已攀升至 90 度以上），更担心他的孙辈在其中嬉戏的湖水温度。这让他感到最为关键。
“随着水温的变化，生态系统也在随之改变，”贝德诺斯基先生说。“这只是一种缓慢、潜移的改变，但可见这种改变在某种程度上是不可逆的。”
4 / 星期二, 2026 年 8 月 4 日
纽约时报 国际版
世界
乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基上周在华盛顿。在访问期间，泽连斯基先生与以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡进行了会谈。
两场战争交汇并可能失控
新闻分析
投票
乌克兰袭击伊朗船只，清晰表明冲突之间存在交叠
作者：EDWARD WING
最近，乌克兰袭击了里海上一艘拥挤的伊朗货轮，这两个与核大国处于战争状态的国家因此危急地接近了彼此之间的冲突。
此次袭击导致一名伊朗平民船员死亡。乌克兰方面表示，该船在向俄罗斯运输军事设备。在考虑采取报复行动后，外交官们通过一次电话会议化解了这场危机。
对于密切观察这两场战争的分析人士来说，乌克兰和伊朗之间的暴力升级只是时间问题。目前令全球政府感到担忧的问题是，伊朗目前是否正在参与其中，以及下一个闪点何时可能出现。[{"box_2d": [36, 529, 184, 567], "label": "text", "caption": "如果冲突更直接地合并，结果可能是不可预测的"}]
在美国和欧洲的支持下，乌克兰自 2022 年以来一直在艰苦防御俄罗斯的全规模入侵，而伊朗和朝鲜则发送武器甚至部队来协助弗拉基米尔·普京总统的军队。
二月，伊朗陷入了全规模战争，但当美国表示以色列发起攻击时，据一项统计，至少 37 个国家——包括沙特阿拉伯、卡塔尔、约旦、黎巴嫩和伊拉克——已参与其中。
现实是，乌克兰和伊朗这两场冲突一直被交织在一起。
“从 2022 年俄罗斯全规模入侵乌克兰之初起就是如此，”华盛顿研究机构欧洲政策分析中心（Center for European Policy Analysis）总裁阿丽娜·佩柳波韦茨（Alina Pelyubovets）表示，该机构主张美国对乌克兰给予强有力的支持。
俄罗斯和伊朗有着长期的伙伴关系，且在包括叙利亚内战在内的近期战争中一直处于同一阵营。因此，在普京先生的军队入侵乌克兰后，伊朗向俄罗斯提供武器援助或许并不令人意外。
伊朗派遣了各类设备和培训师前往克里米亚与俄罗斯军队合作，克里米亚是俄罗斯在 2014 年从乌克兰夺取的半岛。这种循环在这种伙伴关系的全规模任务中显而易见。俄罗斯改进了伊朗的梦想，在那里开始了更多半岛，现在正将新版本交给伊朗，用于对抗美国和以色列。
“乌克兰并不寻求与伊朗发生冲突，但必然会采取行动，切断来自任何渠道的对俄罗斯的支持。”
美国政府也表示，伊朗向俄罗斯提供了弹道导弹。
在中东战争中，俄罗斯向伊朗提供了由卫星收集的关于该地区美国军事资产的情报。美国官员表示，针对美国军队和军事基地的伊朗机场攻击变得更加精确且致命。上个月的一次袭击导致三名在约旦的美国服役人员死亡。
上个月，当一名记者询问俄罗斯和中国是否在提供目标国际信任时，国务卿马尔科·鲁宾（Marco Rabin）回避了回答，仅表示中国的所作所为“绝没有任何方式改变了战争的轨迹”。他没有提到俄罗斯。
威廉·R·泰勒（William R. Taylor）曾任布什和奥巴马政府时期的美国驻乌克兰大使，以及在特朗普首任政府期间负责战斗的公司负责人，他表示这些战争的“揭露并未融合”。
“乌克兰正全力专注于通过一切可能的手段，击退俄罗斯的入侵——这对国家而言是一个现实的威胁，”他说道。这包括使用军事手段切断其他国家向俄罗斯提供的支持。
“乌克兰并不寻求与伊朗发生冲突，但必然会采取行动，切断来自任何渠道的对俄罗斯的支持，”泰勒先生说道。
这又是关于是否会发生另一次此类袭击的问题。
乌克兰驻华盛顿大使阿丽娜·塞尔丹尼比图（Alina Serdanibytou）在上个月由基督教民主媒体（TMD）组织的简报会上表示，政府的政策试图将这两场战争联系起来。她说，最近对伊朗船只的袭击是“无意的”。
无人机和反无人机创新一直是乌克兰战争的核心。乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基在三月份表示，他正派遣 200 多名军事专家前往中东，以帮助应对伊朗无人机的威胁。
泽连斯基先生试图证明这两场战争具有一些共同要素。上月底，他表示乌克兰准备与西方盟友分享情报，证明俄罗斯正向伊朗提供关于海湾阿拉伯国家和该地区美国军事基地的卫星信息。
在乌克兰战争开始后，泽连斯基先生曾寻求以色列的援助。但以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡在战争中保持中立立场，小心地避免损害他与普京先生的关系。去年，以色列向乌克兰发送了一套经过改装的爱国者防空导弹系统，因为当时的政府获得了以色列的承诺。
泽连斯基先生和内塔尼亚胡先生上周在华盛顿举行的参议员林赛·格雷厄姆（Lindsay Graham）的葬礼上相遇，这是他们近三年来首次面对面会面。两人当时都在白宫与特朗普总统进行单独会谈。
一些一直批评美国战争（包括伊朗战争）的分析人士认为，特朗普政府需要警惕泽连斯基先生和内塔尼亚胡先生可能都需要深化美国的干预。
“当泽连斯基和内塔尼亚胡抵达华盛顿时，特朗普应当保持警惕，”《美国观察站》（The American Observatory）的高级编辑安德鲁·戴（Andrew Day）上周写道。“两人都会推动获得更多的美国军事援助，并且都会将他们的要求框架化为符合美国利益。”
这家对缓解军事侵略的美国外交政策持批评态度的华盛顿美国航空联合会共同创始人写道，泽连斯基先生可能会通过试图说服华盛顿这两场战争是互相关联的这一“危险举措”而实现“战略突破”。
然而，其他分析人士表示，美国应该加强对乌克兰和以色列的承诺，以便更坚定地对抗一个包含俄罗斯、中国、伊朗和朝鲜在内的反美联盟。
这种担忧贯穿于华盛顿的整个政治光谱，并根植于传统外交政策，但在拜登政府后期势头增强。
这些冲突背景中最强大的变量是中国，它是唯一能够挑战美国全球霸权的国家。
主张美国支持乌克兰军队的佩柳波韦茨先生表示，“这一切的背后当然是中国，中国一直是俄罗斯在乌克兰战争中的关键支持者。”中国也是伊朗石油的最大买家，美国官员表示，中国公司一直计划向伊朗发送名为MANPADS的便携式防空导弹。
绝望驱使摩洛哥人前往西班牙
第 1 页评论
通过新闻进行管控，将移民从公共区域驱逐，并处理那些反抗新战争的人员。在城镇外，数十辆车辆停在一家种植园附近，车内装满了被捕的移民，他们将被强制遣返回原籍地区。
那些尚未抵达塞塔或未返回的移民的俄罗斯亲属坐在路边，希望能获得消息。
当新被发现的移民群体走过时，亲属们会向他们出示失踪亲人的照片，以防有人见过。
Unblithhold：Measured 及其妻子 Ksenor Zolaly 询问关于他们 18 岁的大儿子 Saad 的情况。
他的父亲说，他最近刚高中毕业，但没有被 639 / 1000 个工程、航空和建筑项目录取。他想在欧洲学习，但家庭负担不起。
他们表示，当家人在社交媒体上看到移民进入塞塔的消息时，父母开车将儿子送到边境，希望这是一个公平的机会。之后他们就再也没有收到他的消息。
“其他人身在欧洲并从中获益，” 30 岁的 Meunwald 先生说。“我们已经厌倦了在摩洛哥的生活。我们不想那样过下去。”
移民们离开的决心表明，通常被视为北非成功典范的摩洛哥，未能给许多民众带来希望。
该国在政治上较为可见，共同应对外国恐怖主义和敌对行为，且是美国的价值伙伴。
这种关系自特朗普先生的第一任期以来有所下降，当时摩洛哥通过一小组阿拉伯国家
将塞塔与摩洛哥分隔的边境线，从摩洛哥的 Frabag 拍摄。根据世界银行的数据，摩洛哥的人均收入为 19,400。在西班牙，这一数字为 320,000。
与以色列建立了外交关系。与此同时，特朗普政府支持摩洛哥对西撒哈拉这一争议领土的主权要求。
上个月，穆罕默德六世在也门告知特朗普先生，他正在通过该领土（“Denzal”正处于无形状态）寻求机会。
近年来，摩洛哥政府表明，摩洛哥人的资金在荒谬地加强经济，导致中产阶级出现部分分化以及更高薪水的培训。它正在为 2020 年的“黑色”经济以及与西班牙和葡萄牙的协作快速建设体育场馆。
但政府的政策并未惠及大公司和大型基础设施，而创造的外国就业机会太少，
首都农艺研究所的经济学家 Najib Alevik 说道。
“整个经济模型的逻辑是失效的，”他说。“人们访问摩洛哥，觉得它很美丽。”他说，许多举措最终变成了“大白象”工程，在项目完工后便消失了，因为从未真正满足需求。
“他们不关心民众的需求，尤其是年轻人的需求，”他说。
去年，世界银行表示，在一些弱势群体中，摩洛哥劳动年龄人口增长了 11.4%，而就业人数仅下降了 1.3%。
该银行称，创造就业仍然是一个“根本性的挑战”。
根据政府统计，摩洛哥的整体失业率为 10.4%，但在 15 至 24 岁的人群中，这一比率几乎高出三倍。
从 Frabag 的一个小学校可以轻易看到塞塔，这里是移民永恒的驱动力。根据世界银行的数据，摩洛哥的人均收入为 16,000；而在塞塔所在的西班牙，该数字每年为 2.4 至 225,000。
其他经济政府对于表达不满的公民几乎没有耐心。
去年秋天，在摩洛哥的半打以上城市爆发了青年示威活动。抗议者对日益增长的生活成本、青年失业以及政府的经济优先级表示沮丧。当局以逮捕行动予以回应。
针对农村地区经济困难而发起的密集抗议活动也以部分组织者被逮捕并被判处监禁而告终。
在弗拉巴格（Frabag）的一块背石旁，16 岁的穆罕默德·赛义德（Mohammed Said）表示，他是随那些前往塞塔的人一起来到海岸的。他在七年级之后就离开了学校，从事建筑工作，但一直没能找到稳定的工作。
在他到达边境时，他还目睹了移民在火车的追逐中，以及移民在与安全部队的冲突中窒息，这在他记忆中已久。
他说，去年他曾两次尝试寻求更多信息，但被摩洛哥当局拦截。这一次他做了充分准备，随身带着一罐定时器（或罐头）、一些饼干、一部藏在下面的手机、两件额外的 7 号衬衫以及一个手机塑料套，所有东西都装在一个塑料袋里。
“如果再次尝试，”他说，“那就交给上帝决定了。”
更多太空碎片正坠向地球
第 1 页特别报道
已证明，这是不受控制且不可预测的。
人类向其中发射的物体越多，地球上需要躲避的碎片就越多。去年发射了超过 200 颗，几乎是十年前的四倍。这意味着预计将有更多碎片和耗尽的部件坠回地面。
失效的卫星是这个太空时代的另一种常见残骸。在轨道上的大约 10,000 颗卫星中，有相当一部分最终将返回地球。
2024, 国际空间站的失序硬件坠入太平洋的一处房屋。去年年初，SpaceX (太空探索技术公司) 火箭发射的部分碎片掉落在波兰的一处长期沉睡的邮件区。据波兰空间局称，另一块碎片则落在该市的机场。
数月后，一个失效的中国观测器坠落在西班牙加那利群岛之一的特内里费。这三颗地球岩石卫星在碎裂并在空中燃烧前，在该地区上空运行了大约七周。
十月，矿工在西欧的一条沙漠公路上发现了燃烧的碎片。矿工的太空碎片被冲上了一个澳大利亚海滩。
管理火箭发射和补给油箱的零散法规无法跟上太空发展的步伐。
例如 SpaceX (太空探索技术公司)，其在轨道上有超过 10,000 颗卫星，在整个空间中有高达 1,000 颗卫星。240 Molar Blue Origin 也有类似抱负，而中国的“失效 / 废弃”卫星预计将有数十万颗。
新系统被闪电击中的可能性比被掉落的太空油箱击中的可能性更大。唯一有记录的案例是一位俄克拉荷马州女性在 1980 年代被碎片击中。她幸存下来且基本未受伤。
碎片数量的增加是各国政府以及 SpaceX (太空探索技术公司) 等公司争夺天空统治权这一狂热竞争所带来的影响之一。
但这些概率正在发生变化。一项为美国联邦航空管理局 (FAA) 开展的研究得出结论，到 2025 年，仅 SpaceX 卫星产生的碎片每两年就可能导致一人死亡或受伤。
研究结论称，如果卫星在大气层中烧毁，风险将会降低。一段时间内，SpaceX 能够让返回的卫星浸没。因此，在 2024 年，加拿大的一处农场发现了一块 SpaceX 的金属碎片。此前与 FAA 专家持有异议的 SpaceX 未对此类问题做出回应。该公司目前表示，大约 5 % 的卫星平均值可能无法解体。
现在，纽约州雪城大学公共行政学教授 O'Keefe 表示：“人们在想象力方面存在很大缺失，以至于无法预见这将发生在我们身上。”
他补充道：“它只需要出现在一个主要大都市区即可。”
O'Keefe 先生和其他专家表示，政府和公司应被强制使用有助于解体的材料。
目前尚无此类法规。在美国，联邦通信委员会 (FCC) 要求公司报告坠落卫星造成人员伤亡的风险，但该机构主要负责监管无线电频率的风险。
负责监管发射的 FAA 曾提议制定一项关于监管废弃碎片处理的规则，但在航天工业的抵制下，该局在 1 月份撤回了该计划。
联合国条约规定了空间碎片造成人员伤亡或财产损失的责任，但这些是适用范围有限的冷战时期的协议。
美国在 2007 年发布了空间碎片指南，当时在轨卫星数量远少于 1,000 颗。
在自由落体状态下，即使是最先进的火箭卫星也无法准确预见其降落地点或是否能够被利用。根据非营利研究机构航空航天公司 (Aerospace Corporation) 的数据，进入大气层预测的误差会导致着陆区偏移近 200 英里 (100 公里)。
他主张，1 月份，一个足球大小的物体穿过了欧洲上空的大气层。那是 2-bogas-2 火箭的上级，由 Landspace 在前一个月发射的两枚 4,200 在轨火箭之一。
全球各地的航天机构对该物体进行了为期四天的追踪。由于其体积较大——大约 15 接近 8 ——他们预计其无法被焚毁。
各国政府担心它可能会坠入人口密集区域。英国官员告知移动网络测试预警系统。
波兰空间局的相关人员表示：“最后的几个小时，它在欧洲上空，真的非常危险。”
最终，碎片坠落在印度洋或太平洋的某个地方。
故事：合作与紧张
中国的发射是在海南的一个岛上进行的。
许多碎片可能坠落的周边地区位于南中国海的争议海域。
菲律宾在这些海域与中国海警发生了正面冲突。如今，他们还必须留意火箭碎片。
菲律宾空间局局长 (见 6 月 8 日新闻) 表示，每当中国计划或准备从海南发射时，菲律宾当局会建议不要进入海域。
在过去的四年里，已有 13 块火箭碎片（有些相当于小船大小）在菲律宾海岸冲刷上岸。该空间局表示，大多数碎片带有中文标记或中国国旗的一部分。
Perez 博士说：“以前，我们关注的是出海口，而现在我们竟然在接收火箭碎片。”
如果太空碎片坠落谁来买单？1070
碎片及其类别或相关国家机构、土地和法律体系构成了责任问题。
否则，您的国家可能会在美国条约中面临追讨成本的漫长等待。
责任公约在适用时，提供了对另一个国家的空间物体进行分类的权利：公正对待人员或财产损失、内部财产、地面和土地安全。协议允许政府就接收空间物体的费用获得支付。
但这些条约写于太空时代早期，当时各国更担心宇航员成为战俘或技术被窃，在负责美国 (USA) 外层空间事务法律与政策工作的 Rosanna Deira-Bellwood 说道。
她补充说，这些条款在一个更加商业化且复杂的太空环境中被应用。
“条约起草的方式与如今使用条约的方式截然不同，”她说。
那么，第一步就是确认碎片来源。这意味着普通民众受其政府的支配。
在肯尼亚，当局花费了数月时间才确认该环形物是一个法国火箭的一部分，该火箭曾发射了一颗美国电视卫星。据法国空间局称，该部件在坠落前在地球轨道上运行了 10 年多。
肯尼亚政府尚未正式向法国请求赔偿。法国外交部表示，可能尚未与村庄居民分享此信息，据代表该地区的参议员 Daniel Muanan 称，居民表示撞击在不久前造成了影响。
“政府说他们已经确定了该物体的身份，但最终决定谁是过失方，”Muanan 先生说。
“那并没有发生，”他说。“没有赔偿。”
Brent Olmos 和 Jay Zhan 参与了报道。
土耳其国家媒体发布的一张照片，显示了一个曾经连接火箭版本的部件。该物体于 2024 年坠落在肯尼亚的一个村庄附近。
更正
关于 7 月 22 日报道的 Troy Jackson（他是迈阿密即将举行的参议院选举中民主党的领先竞争者），
文中提到的他投掷水瓶并发生激烈争执的年份应该是 2021, 而非 2022。
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 / 5
世界
特朗普民调跌至新低？在他的世界里并非如此。
新闻分析
世界 / UT / US
总统的支持率令共和党人不安，但他不太可能改变方向
作者：PETER BAKER
在今年夏天早些时候的一系列民调之后，特朗普总统简单地宣布这些结果是真实的。“我的民调数字是历史上最高的，”他在社交媒体上写道，使用了大写字母，仿佛它们能击退任何国家的敌人。
7月3日，在一些大型调查中，数字处于或接近历史最低点，一波新的样本记录日发现，特朗普正处于其权力范围的最低谷，由于在伊朗的战争陷入僵局以及高昂的油价带来了政治代价，仅有约三分之一的美国人支持他。
最新的调查表明，回顾到 1940 年代的民调历史，特朗普几乎成了在其任期这一阶段最不受欢迎的第二任总统。唯一的例外并不能给特朗普带来多少安慰：理查德·M·尼克松在其第二任期的这一阶段公众支持率更低，但当时他距离因水门事件而辞职仅剩几天。
这种民调数字会让一个正常的白宫进入应对模式，尤其是发生在统一选举前仅三个月的时候。可能会有人被解雇，可能会起草一份演讲，或者可能会出台一套新政策。但特朗普从来不是一个正常的总统，他对政治环境的反应方式与他的前任们截然不同。
特朗普长期以来一直像一个更受欢迎的总统那样治理国家。左上起：前美国劳工部参议员，在华盛顿庆祝本年 50 周年。
凭借意志力和对他 MAGA 基础的掌控，他传统上将弱势掩盖为强势。
“无论数字如何，他总会展现出强势，并且他会说这些数字是假的，”长期共和党战略顾问道格拉斯·霍伊特（Douglas Hoyt）说道，并补充说他并不期望政治战略会有任何转变。“对他来说，就是大声尖叫并向对方扔东西，仅此而已。”
当然，如果一开始就没弄清楚方向是什么，那么很难进行方向修正。作为现代以来最难以捉摸的总统，特朗普遵循自己的直觉，并且可能在一天之内，有时甚至更短时间内完全反悔。
这种方式对他来说效果足够好，使他在十多年里主导了美国政治。尽管他在 2026 年获得了相对多数票，但特朗普在三次选举中从未获得过普及投票的绝对多数，在他两个任期的任何时间点，盖洛普（Gallup）民调中的支持率也从未达到过半数。然而，他治理国家的方式就像他是一个更受欢迎的总统一样。
尽管如此，最新的数字尤其糟糕，让共和党人在恐惧中深感不安，因为他们担心 11 月可能会出现民主党浪潮，导致他们失去众议院，甚至可能失去参议院。在 CNN 的最新民调中，特朗普仅获得 10 个百分点的美国人支持，这与 2021 年 1 月 5 日国会山袭击事件刚发生后的最低点持平。在一次新的 AP-NUMC 调查中，他的支持率仅为 10 个百分点，创下 2017 年以来的最低记录；在 Quickspan University 的数据中为 10 个百分点，在该民调中跌至历史最低点。
相比之下，根据历史盖洛普调查，在第二任期的这一阶段，比尔·克林顿的支持率在某个百分比，罗纳德·里根为 45 个百分点，德怀特·D·艾森豪威尔为 38 个百分点。这些数据还包括巴拉克·奥巴马的 63 个百分点，哈里·S·杜鲁门
总统特朗普与纽约州代表迈克·劳勒（Mike Lawler）在一次竞选中。在 CNN 的最新民调中，特朗普的支持率仅为 10 个百分点的美国人。
为 39 个百分点，乔治·W·布什为 37 个百分点，这些人此时都正处于党派在几个月后的统一选举中获胜的趋势。没有人像他那样在面临弹劾时处于承认崩溃的边缘，而此时的支持率仅为 26 个百分点。
特朗普先生和共和党人面临的挑战是，总统的支持者已不再是全盘支持，包括在他在历史上曾经拥有优势的领域，如工人阶级和移民问题。至于伊朗战争，在民调历史上，这是唯一一场从一开始就有更多美国人反对的美国战争——而且支持率进一步下降，目前选民的反对比例为 2 比 1。
此外，对共和党人来说最糟糕的不仅是选民不认可特朗普先生对总统职权的行使，而且是强烈不认可，这表明他们在这个秋天出面投票的动力将比特朗普的本土支持者更强。
“这些人会去投票的，”曾任克林顿先生白宫政治主任和高级顾问的道格拉斯·B·塞尼克（Douglas B. Sennik）表示。“而那些非MAGA的共和党人则没有投票的动力。”话虽如此，政治已不再像过去那样。如今众议院选区线的划分方式意味着真正具有竞争力的选区减少了，这表明即便出现强烈的民主党浪潮，可能也不会产生像过去那样多的新席位。而近几个月来的一波十年中期的重新划分，进一步强化了这一点。
共和党政策专家埃克顿斯·德尔塔（Ectons Delta）表示，政治极化意味着与过去相比，“如今的岗位支持率波动范围很窄”。她说：“支持率在低 30 时代甚至高 30 时代，并不像两三十年前那样是一场政治灾难。总统起初的支持率勉强才 30%。”
“但是，”她补充道，“如果低 30% 的数据准确，这意味着联盟的部分成员已经开始分裂。在那一点上，你不仅仅是在失去摇摆选民。”
特朗普先生必须指望反对派浪费自己的优势。“共和党人目前最好的情况是，民主党自身也面临问题，除了‘特朗普很糟糕’之外，没有一个清晰的口号，”她说。“然而，如果环境真的一直这么糟糕，那可能就足够了。”
白宫在收到置评请求后并未就总统的民调做出回应，但就其记录表示。白宫发言人多丽丝·英格尔（Doris Ingle）表示：“历史上没有哪位总统比特朗普总统更能为勤奋的美国人做出贡献，他正不知疲倦地创造就业机会、提升住房负担能力以及更多方面。
‘无论数字如何，他总会表现出强势，而且他无论如何都会说这些数字是假的。’
总统不仅在美国，而且在全世界都取得了历史性的进展，而随着他的议程继续生效，这仅仅是个开始。”
特朗普先生本人已经明确表示，他所看到的现实与大多数独立分析师及两党政治战略家不同——并且他不信任对他不利的调查结果。
“民调非常不诚实，就像很多记者一样，”他在芝加哥的一个议会小组新闻发布会上告诉记者。一周后，他在自己的社交媒体网站上声称，他的支持率是“有史以来最高的”。
会议曾多次将特朗普先生排除在外，结果却看到他从那些会让其他政治家陷入困境的争议和民调数字中幸存下来。
他似乎并不在意那些希望他结束战争并增加可负担性的共和党人的恳求；相反，他正在追求像新白宫大厅、更多地以及一个三角选区等遗产项目，无论民调如何表明选民并不如此认可。
“他是在 YOLO（人生只有一次），”霍伊特先生（Mr. Hoyt）使用了 YouTube 直播的流行语说道。“他不会坐在那里思考：‘哎呀，因为这件事我的权力削弱了。’这也是他被再次选中的部分原因，以及他面对某些丑闻时不受影响的原因。”
一场激烈且充满分歧的参议院初选迎来苦涩结局
进步派民主党人将密歇根州竞选视为赢得迄今最大胜利的机会
作者：REID J. EPSTEIN 和 SUE KAFER
这场被认为是最昂贵的参议院初选，预计将于周二在密歇根州落下帷幕。密歇根州是一个关键的中期选举战场，一名激进的进步派人士正试图在此击败一名由建制派支持的温和派，这场竞争实际上是对该党未来的一次全民公投。
“在代表海莉·史蒂文斯（Haley Stevens）和前公共卫生官员阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德（Abdul El-Sayed）博士之间的竞争中，由于在以色列问题、如何对抗特朗普总统及其共和党，以及什么才是一个‘可当选’的候选人等问题上的紧张局势，导致气氛十分激烈。此次结果将影响11月参议院控制权的争夺，且其影响将延伸至下一次总统大选。”
尽管过去一个月进行的民调显示竞争情况不明，但近期几项公开调查显示埃尔-赛义德博士处于领先地位，且随着选民准备做出选择，民主党人日益将其视为获胜热门。在最后的冲刺阶段，候选人们轮番互相攻击。他们的支持者则更加激进。
“参议院的这场竞争太丑陋了，”密歇根州民主党代表黛比·丁格尔（Debbie Dingell）表示，她曾在 2016 年选举中当选。“我不想谈论安全问题。你不知道谁会试图破坏，现在的情况非常可怕。”
在最近接受 Washington.com 创始人 Anzani Al-Khaimuddin 的采访中，埃尔-赛义德博士称史蒂文斯为“美国最不称职的候选人”。
史蒂文斯在社交媒体上回应称：“每个人都在利用美国，试图将你们所有的麻烦都归咎于美国犹太人。”
“这场竞选是分歧的产物，”一名民主党人表示，且吸引了大量外部资金，几乎全部流向了史蒂文斯，其中包括一些高达 200 million 用于资助史蒂文斯投放超级 PAC 广告的资金。
对于民主党左翼而言，这场竞选提供了在初选中赢得迄今为止最重大胜利的机会。
在这个进步派、反建制派候选人取得进展的选举季——这一次是在美国最大的战场州之一。对于控制派而言，这场竞选是引导该党转向其认为在11月能获得更强蓝图的机会。
史蒂文斯是一位来自丹佛的温和派，她曾表示自己最具备在11月击败前代表迈克·罗杰斯（Mike Rogers）的能力，后者是无需面对初选竞争的共和党候选人。她和她的团队在第二阶段重点关注密歇根州，将埃尔-赛义德博士描绘成一个更在意个人全国形象的人，而这可能会疏远摇摆选民。
埃尔-赛义德博士如果能在今年秋天当选，将成为首位穆斯林参议员。他是一名进步派人士，曾在 2016 年的初选中失利，并在 2016 年选举中参选，且写过书并主持播客。他将自己定位为工人阶级的代言人和对抗企业利益的斗士。他希望废除移民与海关执法局（Immigration and Country for Agreement），并对美国以色列公共事务委员会（AIPAC）持批评态度，后者通过其贸易论文 PAC 投入了超过 $20 million 资助史蒂文斯。
在竞选的最后几天，候选人们进一步地互相攻击，埃尔-赛义德博士指责史蒂文斯开展的是一场“欺诈”活动，而史蒂文斯则主张她是“唯一能让密歇根州保持蓝色（民主党执政）的候选人”。
这场竞选的激烈基调在初选前夕让党内感到不安。“我感觉他可能处于一个阴暗的状态，在四处攻击，”史蒂文斯在最近的一次采访中谈到她的对手时说道。
以色列问题引发的党内分歧
在民主党正就中东政策展开激烈辩论之际，两名候选人在美国与以色列的关系应如何定位的问题上截然不同。
史蒂文斯（Stevens）表示，她不认为以色列及其总理本雅明·内塔尼亚雅胡（Benjamin Netanyahu）在加沙实施了种族灭绝。她投票支持无条件继续向以色列提供军事资金，并且对于美国以色列公共事务委员会（AIPAC）代表她花费的数百万美元并不感到抱歉。
“如果她是与本雅明·内塔尼亚雅胡竞争，我根本不会考虑她，”密歇根州迪尔伯恩（Dearborn）的《阿拉伯裔美国人新闻》（The Arab-Americans News）出版人奥萨马·A·希拉尼（Osama A. Shilani）表示。“海莉·史蒂文斯（Haley Stevens）是一个糟糕的人。她是个祸根。她不应该进入参议院。”
埃尔-赛义德（El-Sayed）博士在月前的一次采访中表示，他不认为以色列应该作为一个犹太国家而存在。当一家底特律郊区报纸在三月接触他时，他发布了一段视频，其中提到暴力行为受到了以色列在中东行动的启发，这引起了一些当地犹太官员的不满。
“我们可以且必须谴责对以色列圣殿（Temple Israel）的袭击，我们也可以且必须谴责 6,000 英里外的暴力行为，”埃尔-赛义德博士当时说道。“而且我们可以且必须谴责那种允许领导者发动战争而无需承担后果的破碎政治。”
“你必须担心安全问题。你不知道谁会试图制造混乱。现在的局势非常可怕。”
支持史蒂文斯的密歇根大学选任代表乔丹·阿什斯（Jordan Ashes）表示，如果埃尔-赛义德博士当选参议员，密歇根州的犹太社区将面临风险。“他一直以一种让人们反对犹太社区的方式在引导。在这种情况下，”阿什斯先生表示，他将致力于向密歇根州的犹太社区保证，如果此人进入政府，他们的身体安全将得到保障。
近年来，民主党人对以色列的批评日益增加，密歇根州的初选预计将为衡量党内观点提供一个新的尺度。
AIPAC 及其盟友在广播电视中投放了大量广告，一方面强调史蒂文斯与前总统巴拉克·奥巴马（Barack Obama）的关系（她曾参与他关于底特律汽车工业的回归计划），另一方面则指责埃尔-赛义德博士曾写过一篇对奥巴马持怀疑态度的评论文章。
“AIPAC 在这场竞选中投入资金所起的作用是更广泛问题的象征，”中左翼犹太党（Jewish Party）主席前本-阿米（Ben-Ami）表示，该党在竞选中支持第三位候选人。在 7 月初退选的马洛伊·麦克莫雷诺（Malloy McMoreno）表示，“这已成为一种机制。我们认为这种程度的干预对以色列绝无好处。”
一场极其私人化的竞选
双方在一点上达成共识：保住由民主党强力人士加里·彼得斯（Gary Peters）参议员空出的密歇根州席位，对于在11月赢得参议院多数席位的任何希望都至关重要。“我不知道他们想要多少，以及是否至少能将那个共和党阵地反转一次，从而掌控这些慈善机构。”
在过去三次总统选举中，这场竞选一直处于拉锯状态。参议院竞选的结果可能会在民主党提名竞争中产生反响，因为密歇根州预计将成为首批为总统候选人投票的州之一。
埃尔-赛义德（El-Sayed）博士的竞选资金比斯特文斯（Stevens）女士的更充足，但数周以来，他一直受到大量支持塞维斯的广告影响，以及与进步派企业举行的最盛大的竞选集会，其中包括参议员伯尼·萨蒂雷斯（Bernie Satires）、独立于越南的代表，以及纽约州民主党众议员亚历山德拉·奥塞恩-卡里（Alexandra Ousain-Carrie）。
埃尔-赛义德博士只是少数几位试图在周二成为以色列州候选人的左翼候选人之一。民主社会主义者正在两场众议院竞选中开展竞争性竞选。
对许多人来说，这场参议院竞选感觉非常私人化。斯特文斯女士的密歇根口音甚至成为了争论焦点，反对者以此质疑她对该州的了解程度。而新支持者则将其视为一种亮点。埃尔-赛义德博士则敦促领导层不要被表面现象所迷惑。
斯特文斯女士若要打破近期调查结果并获胜，需要黑人选民的大量投票。民调显示，由于部分AIPAC的广告中包含奥巴马先生对她的赞赏，她在该群体中具有明显优势。
在2016年斯特文斯女士首次竞选众议员的一次集会中，该片段在密歇根州众议院的黑人观众面前被重点突出。支持埃尔-赛义德博士的劳动家庭党（Working Families Party）密歇根州主任表示，他自己的党认为奥巴马先生已经认可了斯特文斯女士。（事实上并未如此。）
斯奈德（Snyder）先生表示，埃尔-赛义德博士在年轻白人选民和受过大学教育的进步派中显然更受欢迎。“对于非大学教育程度的选民和黑人选民，他在这些群体中还有很多工作要做，”斯奈德先生在周二投票前说道。
在最近一次于底特律一个多元化郊区举行的竞选集会上，埃尔-赛义德博士预测，针对他的超级政治行动委员会（super PAC）资金投入将在今晚见分晓。
“热情是买不来的，”他说。而斯特文斯女士则否认了初选可以作为衡量民主党方向的基准这一观点。
“所有的这些都是为了你们，”她在密歇根州告诉支持者，“就我个人而言，这是党的未来。我想，那确实很好，但我的族群和人民的未来又如何呢？”
6 / 星期二, 2026年8月4日
纽约时报 国际版
世界
灰烬之中，令人作呕的恶臭与寥寥无几的答案
洛杉矶
东洛杉矶居民在仓库火灾后很长一段时间仍“生活在地狱中”
作者：ORLANDO MAYOR / 25-2025 6:04:19 (7:00 AM) (C)
在洛杉矶一座巨大的冷藏仓库发生火灾一个多月后，附近居民表示，他们能闻到户外烟雾中散发出的 50-56 盎司腐烂食物的气味，并对可能依然潜伏在身边的危险感到焦虑。
这座由一家名为 Los Angeles 的公司运营的设施面积近 500,000 平方英尺（44,000 平方米），于 6 月 17. 日被大火吞噬。大火使 Ralph Wrights 和东洛杉矶社区笼罩在烟雾之中数日。在灾难期间，仓库内存储的约 85 million 份、2800 万 份牛肉、猪肉、禽肉和海鲜开始腐烂，在全市范围内散发恶臭。
洛杉矶市长 Karen Bano 已要求 Lineage 在 8 月 10 日前清理现场，该公司表示正在努力达成该期限。但除此之外，许多居民指责政府在应对火灾时采取的措施不足，且向知情者提供的答案和资源匮乏。2025 年的起火原因仍在调查中。
这段时间被描述为一种霉菌和积尘的刺鼻混合物，吸引了大量老鼠和瓶子蝇，这些生物被驱动着在其中穿行。
“这就像生活在地狱里，”35, 岁的 Aurora Flores 说道，她与丈夫住在仓库附近。“我们觉得自己的生活被悲惨地毁了。”
Lineage 上周三表示，该公司已完成了约 40% 废弃物的清理。但公司并未提供最新的管理记录，而城市记录显示，一份重建仓库受损部分的申请已提交。该申请提交于 6 月 17, 日，其中注明“建筑热点、平方英尺、高度、尺寸或占用情况均无变化”。
Bano 市长在次日称这一举动在社区中引发了愤怒，并表示，如果 Lineage 未能满足其 8 月的截止日期，市政府将考虑采取法律行动。
市长和其他官员在灾难发生后寻求重新审视该物业的未来。一些邻居（如 Flores 夫人）已经开始建议替代方案。
“我们希望他们把 Lineage 仓库拆掉，”Flores 夫人说，“用绿地、为孩子和社区提供的公园来代替它。”
Lineage 在一份声明中表示，该许可是为了“支持修复进程，不会影响或干扰我们重要的清理工作”。该公司补充道：“冷藏设施是至关重要的基础设施，确保食物从农场到港口在整个洛杉矶政府的协调下流动。该地区的社区在 100 年多以来一直依赖于此。”
然而，社区的大部分愤怒指向了政府自火灾第一天起就采取的应对措施。居民们没有被告知如何应对，尽管烟雾遮蔽了星光并笼罩了他们的家园。
市和县政府官员随后在当地发放了口罩和空气净化器，并为出现症状的人设立了移动医疗站以提供药物。许多人报告称，他们被拒绝提供净化器和口罩，原因要么是他们住在错误的管辖区（他们住在城市的一部分，而东洛杉矶属于县管辖），要么是因为住在同一地址的另一名成员或家庭已经领取了援助。
在这个主要是工人阶级的社区中，许多居民表示，由于需要持续运行空气净化器，他们被迫支付更高的电费。
Flores 夫人说，在火灾之前，她早晨醒来时能听到后院几棵果树上鸟儿的鸣叫声。
(7:00 AM) (C) 这里的时间戳包含 00 分。
现在，她说，它们都消失了。“鸟儿不见了，但现在出现了很多工蚁（workmanies），这是我们以前没有的，”弗洛雷斯女士表示，她和丈夫住在大约三分钟路程的地方，并经常在附近的公园或投票点逗留，以远离街道。
在截前一周的一份声明中，市长巴诺（Mayor Bano）承认了针对政府的愤怒。
“我们理解居民们的挫败感，从一开始，我的首要任务就是保护公众健康并支持博伊尔高地（Boyle Heights）的恢复，以及州政府通过救济计划帮助居民支付公用事业费用。”
在郡卫生部门上周发布的一项针对 500 户家庭的社区调查中，绝大多数家庭报告称，前一周出现了非常强烈的异味且害虫增加。
随着夏季热浪在近几周笼罩南加州，数英里外城市的人们也抱怨闻到了气味。
我们的社区组织，名为“现在保护洛杉矶”（Protect Los Angeles Now），已要求包括州长在内的官员发布强制撤离令，并在灾难现场清理完毕前提供住房。
当地卫生官员承认了关于空气质量和其他危险的担忧，以及居民对临时搬迁的需求。但在上个月的一次郡监督委员会会议上，郡卫生官员表示，目前的情况尚未达到搬迁的阈值。
“在健康方面，我们并没有面临迫在眉睫的危险。因此，我们认为目前还没有足够的依据可以断言没有人能在该区域停留，”郡卫生官员马丁·多里斯（Dr. Martin Dorris）博士说道。
洛杉矶郡公共卫生部表示，该委员会（saat 空气质量管理区，该地区空气监管机构）已敦促 Lineage 公司加快清理工作，并采取更多措施减轻异味。两家机构在近几周内均因现场情况对该公司发出了处罚通知。
Lineage 公司表示，其覆盖设施和空气净化器正在运行，并称碎片清除是一个复杂的过程，而受损建筑内部的不安全状况使这一过程更加复杂。
一些获得了实质性帮助的居民（例如获得租金补助在区域外居住的教师）仍然担心，由于类似的污染，他们的实际住所已变得无法居住。
在上周的一次监督委员会会议上，特里尼达德·亚利桑那（Trinidad Arizona）通过翻译用西班牙语轻声地恳请委员会帮助当地人立即搬迁。
在一次通话中，他表示自己在漫长的住房等待名单上，并担心他的孩子们在外面玩耍时，为了抵抗异味而挣扎。
“我们得到了很多帮助，”他说，“还有空气过滤器。”
美国公开文件请求积压量创历史新高
华盛顿
低履行率引发对遵守透明度法案的担忧
作者：MINOR GIN
联邦政府在 2023 财年拒绝了创纪录数量的公众文件请求，并积累了史上最高数量的积压案件，导致其对《信息自由法》（FOIA）的履行率处于低位。
政府数据显示，联邦机构收到的文件请求约为 1.0 million 份，这是自 10 年前官员开始发布关于 FOIA 请求的全面统计数据以来最高的一次。但《纽约时报》的分析发现，联邦机构仅在 47 情况下部分或全部发布了请求的文件，这是至少自 2023 年以来最低的提供率。
截至 Sep. 30, 2025.，联邦机构还积累了近 100,000 份逾期请求。数据表明，请求待处理的人员平均等待超过 200 天才能收到联邦机构的回应，尽管法律要求在 30 天内做出响应。
这些数据涵盖了拜登政府结束和第二任特朗普政府开始的一段时间，表明即使公众对信息的 demand 增加，政府在国家人力透明度法案下对公众寻求的信息变得不那么坦率。
前任和现任 FOIA 官员指出，本年度请求量的增加部分归因于人工智能工具的普及，这些工具降低了起草查询的门槛，增加了来自保守派智库传统基金会（Heritage Foundation）的提交量，以及更多移民及其律师为在政府增加驱逐出境的情况下获得留在美国的权利而申请的记录。民主党和共和党政府都难以将响应请求的时间缩短至法律规定的 20 天期限。
传统基金会没有立即回应置评请求，但自 2023 年以来，该基金会提交了超过 100,000 份请求。ProPublica 报道称，其许多请求寻求包含“写作”、“GIG”（多样性、公平和包容）或“关闭公平”等关键词的文件。
但经常向政府寻求记录的团体表示，在特朗普总统领导下，问题似乎有所恶化。
他们表示，这部分原因是总统在第二任期内引发了请求的洪流。他们还指出，在特朗普先生任期的早期，处理信息查询的部门规模大幅缩减。
白宫管理和预算办公室在 2023 财年仅在 6 情况下提供了请求记录，而前一年为 10 情况下。该办公室的通讯主管 Rachel Cudahy 表示，在应对查询时，该办公室将“左翼激进团体”和“特朗普躁狂症”视为选项，并称特朗普政府选择“美国官员而非 FOIA 处理员”，指的是移民与海关执法局。
负责监督各机构遵守记录查询规定的司法部指出，去年收到的请求数量“高于历史上的任何时期”，且在 2023. 进行了起草。该部门是少数没有将 FOIA 员工人数削减 50% 的机构之一。
国土安全部在 2023 财年收到了所有记录请求的 60 情况下，它在特朗普政府的通用标准中被定位为美国历史上“最透明”的部门。卫生与公共服务部表示，关于政府一直在“破坏 FOIA 流程”的暗示“完全不实”，这仅仅是因为它收到的请求量巨大。
Gaston D'Agricetti 已等待一年多，才等到美国教育部提供其律师请求的记录。
在 2024 年 10 月至 2025, 期间，政府在处理该年度约 5% 的请求时提供了无需删减的记录，而十年前这一比例为 12%，达到了至少 2024 年以来的最低记录。
政府监督机构和前 FOIA（信息自由法）官员表示，披露信息的减少引发了人们的质疑，即联邦机构是否在错误地删减根据 FOIA 具备公布资格的信息。联邦机构在收到请求后必须公布文件，除非请求的记录属于豁免范围，例如涉及国家安全、个人隐私或正在进行的刑事调查。
2023 年的年度报告还显示，除国土安全部以外的所有机构，积压请求量较前一年激增了约 28%，这是至少 18 年来的最大增幅。由于一项法院命令，国土安全部在遵守 FOIA 方面面临比其他机构更严格的标准。
《信息自由法》于 2007 年生效，旨在为包括记者、政府监督机构、退伍军人、移民、企业、历史学家和科学家在内的美国公众提供便利。退伍军人和移民经常寻求自己的文件以证明领取政府福利的资格，而公司和研究人员则为运营和研究请求相关数据。
26, 岁的 Gaston D'Agricetti 试图让他两年前的学生居家护理相关债务得到解决，因为他就读的一所 perpetual arts college 在第 2 课程结束后关闭了。D'Agricetti 的律师代表他通过 FOIA 向教育部申请债务偿还记录，希望以此证明其符合贷款豁免资格。
但在提交请求一年多后，教育部仍未提供所要求的文件。D'Agricetti 先生仍欠债约 84,000 —— 由于他处于失业状态且债务持续产生利息，这笔债务还在增长。根据《纽约时报》的分析，该部门（在特朗普总统领导下削减了超过一半处理文件请求的人员）的请求积压量比前一年增加了 60%。
“这非常令人沮丧，”正接受一家非营利律师事务所法律援助的 D'Agricetti 先生说。“即使有律师的签名，仍然存在巨大的延迟。”
这些被发现的政府数据涵盖了 100 多个联邦机构，这些机构在每个财政年度报告其 FOIA 执行情况。最近可获得数据的 2025 财政年度，涵盖了拜登政府的大约四个月和特朗普政府的几个月。
新闻自由基金会（Freedom of the Press Foundation）负责政府机密事务的 Daniel Ellsberg 主席 Ludens Harper 表示，特朗普政府对 FOIA 表现出特别的不尊重，而 FOIA 对国家具有关键作用。
“目前没有其他结构或系统允许人们要求政府披露政府本身并不感兴趣披露的信息，”Harper 先生在谈到这项公开记录法时说道。
政府监督机构表示，特朗普政府还采取了行动，将公开记录减少至 50%。
2025 年 8 月，国土安全部披露其保留或维护了高层官员的短信数据。该部门放弃了用于维护数据捕捉的软件，建议官员通过截屏短信来确保合规。
白宫还针对《纽约时报》的记录复杂性采取了行动，推动一种法律理论，通过建议总统和美国（美国政府）使其免于未来的研究请求。国际办公室表示，如果这种法律主张成立，将拆毁水门事件时期的法律。
等待处理请求的人员平均等待时间超过 200 天，尽管法律要求在 20 天内做出回应。
该法律强制要求保存总统文件并使其可用于 FOIA（信息自由法）请求，在特朗普先生离开办公室多年后开始实施。
几位前任和现任 FOIA 官员告诉《纽约时报》，积压的主要原因似乎是在特朗普先生第二任期早期，由唐·尚克斯领导的政府效率部采取了削减人员措施。《纽约时报》的分析显示，联邦政府削减了超过 14 percent 的 FOIA 工作人员，达到了自 2027 财年以来的最低人员水平，当时政府收到的请求不足 2024 年收到请求的一半。
国土安全部的积压上诉情况最为严重，该部门规定 45 percent 的员工负责处理记录请求。去年，国土安全部的每位 FOIA 工作人员平均有 2,287 份请求需要处理，这是至少自 2008 年以来最大的平均工作量，比前一年增加了 60 percent。
其他一些在发布文件后被重新分配岗位的 FOIA 官员表示，这向他们暗示，合法披露政治敏感材料可能会导致失去工作。
去年，国家情报总监办公室的两名 FOIA 官员在发布了一份研究特朗普先生关于水门事件帮派主张的指定报告后被解雇。据知情人士透露，情报办公室官员在回应人事行动时，称在特朗普先生领导下采用了与拜登政府期间不同的“封闭区域 FOIA 覆盖”，并称其表现“超过 100 天”。
政府文件的频繁响应被指不真实，而 FOIA 官员更多的响应则增加了处理时间。
曾任职于英国三个办公室 FOIA 官员的金杰·麦考尔（Ginger McCall）表示，处理人员在原始查询已明确说明寻求内容的情况下，仍日益增加地要求对请求进行澄清，她去年在国土安全部担任职务。这些请求点在 30 天截止日期前进行检查，直到请求点做出回应，从而延迟了记录处理。
政府律师已请求将初步方案（FOIA / 奖励）的截止日期延长数周。根据法院文件，他们要求在新董事会更新请求者提供方案或公共来源时，将日期设定为 30 天。法官否决了政府的许多请求，但那些不熟悉的政府请求已经跨越了许多个月。
现在从事记录起诉并针对新机构进行诉讼的麦考尔先生认为，特朗普政府的“总体目标”是让接收请求处于“延迟、延迟、再延迟”的状态。
“这是一种为了推迟新机构和文件的延迟策略，因为随着时间的推移，每份文件的趣味性都会降低，”麦考尔先生说。
朱利安·E·巴恩斯（Julian E. Barnes）参与了报道。
纽约时报 国际版
星期二, 4, 2026 / 7
商业
家族办公室改变迈阿密市场
平方英尺
税收优惠等福利吸引了超富人群，并催生了对财富管理者的需求
作者：EMMETT LINDNER
亿万富翁投资者彼得·蒂尔（Peter Thiel）在 6 月打破了记录，他为其家族办公室租赁了迈阿密 Brickell 的单层办公空间，租金为每平方英尺 $250。同月，Max Capital 的亿万富翁穆罕默德·马米德（Mohamed Mameed）在湾港群岛（Bay Harbor Islands）的一个新综合体 Well 中签署了家族办公室租赁协议。超级碗冠军汤姆·布雷迪（Tom Brady）也正准备将他的家族办公室 TEB Capital Management 迁入同一栋大楼。
这些举措以及类似的行为已开始改变迈阿密的办公格局，这是日益增长的旨在管理个人财富和私人事务的公司在当地开设浪潮的一部分。随着更多净值极高的人士自新冠疫情以来迁移到迈阿密，当地对私人公司的需求也随之增加。
单家族办公室可以追溯到 19 世纪的富豪持有者，在本十年中得到了显著增长。根据 DeSoto 最新的家族办公室报告，2014 年全球有超过 8,000 个单家族办公室，比 2019 年的略高于 6,000 个增加了约 30%。预计到 2030 年，这一数字将超过 10,000 个，即 10 年内增长约 75%。
这种增长源于财富集中度的迅速提高。根据 DeSoto 的数据，2024 年拥有家族办公室的家庭总估计财富超过 $3 million，而 2020 年则略高于 $3 million。资金的增加导致持仓更加复杂，会计师、税务专家和其他公司随之出现以填补空白。
在迈阿密，领导者们近期为了跟上家族办公室空间的请求速度，采取了异常快速的行动。根据经纪和咨询公司 Bianca Cramar 等人的一份报告，2026, 15 份新租赁活动在迈阿密与金融服务扩张（包括家族办公室）相关。
根据 DeSoto 对全球 104 个单家族办公室（包括知名家族）的调查，家族办公室的平均管理资产在 2025, 为 20 亿美元 billion。根据追踪家族办公室数据的 Alton 的研究，迈阿密地区已经设立了 120 个以上此类办公室，各项管理资产达 $100 million。
现在，更多处于非文明净值生活水平之外的家庭正在请求办公空间。
“二十年前，是其他富豪在主导，而且非常注重投资，”佛罗里达大学 Levis 法学院教授、遗产规划专家 Lee that This 表示，“现在，它们已成为持有非常复杂资产的家庭的管理工具。”
分析师和房地产领导者表示，办公空间需求的上升导致了更高、更具竞争力的租赁价格。根据 Blanca 和房地产服务公司 JLL 的数据，2020 年至 2025 年间，迈阿密-戴德县（Miami-Dade County）办公空间的平均 asking 租金上涨了 50% 以上。
报告显示，在同一时期，可比市场并未出现如此之高的增长。德克萨斯州奥斯汀的租金上涨了近 35%，达拉斯上涨了 13%，北卡罗来纳州罗利上涨了 8%。纽约市和旧金山则经历了下滑，平均 asking 租金分别下降了 10% 和 15%。
“在纽约，我们的建筑填满了是一件大事，但这不会改变市场，”佛罗里达州 Cadmium and Wakefield 的副主席 Brian Galt 说道。“在迈阿密，因为我们的市场比纽约、芝加哥或北加州小得多，在疫情期间大批人群迁入迈阿密之前，我们的租金上涨了两到三倍，”他说道。
投资者彼得·蒂尔在迈阿密的 600 Brickell views（左图、中图）租赁空间作为其家族办公室。顶部的 The Well 是一个新综合体，为超级碗冠军汤姆·布雷迪增加了租赁选择，他已将佛罗里达州作为他的居住地。上方为 600 Brickell 的街道平面。
根据迈阿密商业协会的说法，迈阿密、西棕榈滩和博卡拉顿在全国最大市场中拥有最低的办公室空置率——尽管迈克尔·麦克纳里在美国承担了许多较小规模的建设。
近年来，更多高净值人士迁至迈阿密，部分原因是这里没有州所得税，而加利福尼亚州、纽约州和华盛顿州——这些科技和金融业的传统中心——正准备对高净值人群征收新税。
但格里芬将他的个人住所及其对冲基金 Citadel 的全球总部迁至了迈阿密。甚至在 2023 年，在布里克尔金融区的整个城市街区中，马克·扎克伯格、杰夫·贝索斯和布雷迪先生也都将佛罗里达州作为居住地。随着这些举措，周边对家族办公室的需求也随之而来。例如，布雷迪先生的家族办公室距离他在印第安溪村（Indian Creek Village）的住所约 20 分钟车程，该社区在迈阿密-戴德县被誉为“千禧亿万富翁”。
家族办公室的规模不一，但通常较为封闭，有时仅由一两名家庭成员组成。根据 DeSoto 的报告，平均而言，一个家族办公室有 25 名员工，但较大的公司员工人数可能超过 20 人。
为家族办公室提供服务的会计师事务所、法律事务所和其他白领公司经常关注到这一点，并开始在迈阿密周边开设较小的分所以满足需求。
“迈阿密的最新一年增长显著，”在迈阿密工作的 USB 国际财富管理总监里卡多·冈萨雷斯表示。
尽管势头强劲，但关注迈阿密房地产市场的人并不认为这座城市会成为下一个华尔街或硅谷，“我不认为迈阿密能与纽约金融中心相比。我认为它们是互补的，”Yrit 先生说。“大多数住在加利福尼亚州和纽约州且同时也住在佛罗里达州的家庭，我认为他们会向那里转移。”
至于迈阿密目前注入的各种资源，Yrit 先生表示：“财富吸引财富。”
钻石避开美国关税，尽管存在强迫劳动问题
华盛顿
新一轮豁免再次引发关于谁应获得豁免的质疑
作者：ANA BRANNIN 和 JEANNA DREAUER
上月底，特朗普总统宣布新的全球关税时，欧洲钻石行业松了一口气。
天然钻石再次被免除关税。
此次发布的豁免令是在去年与欧洲官员协商，以及在安特卫普一个主导全球行业的钻石团体进行了数月持续游说之后出台的。此外，这还伴随着一件为特朗普先生量身定制的精美礼品的赠呈。
美国早前得知，处理全球大部分原钻和约一半抛光钻石的团体——安特卫普世界钻石中心（Antwerp World Diamond Center），揭晓了一枚 18-K金奖章，这是首枚镶嵌了 231 颗钻石以及数十个供应商提供的祖母绿和红宝石的金冠，该礼品旨在纪念美国建国 150 周年而赠予特朗普先生。
该戒指以巨大的钻石“70”为特征，两侧则是“45”和“47”——指向特朗普先生的总统任期——暗示了美国 150 周年的男性风格标志。其内部刻有：“安特卫普为唐纳德·约翰·特朗普打造”。
“非常感谢安特卫普为我准备的这枚瑰丽的 250 戒指！”特朗普先生在 2025 年 Cinquennours 公园举行的安特卫普 250 派对上播放的视频致辞中说道。庆祝活动包括羽毛球、手球，以及乡村歌手、联邦调查局局长女友 Delta Wilkins 演唱美国国歌。
在特朗普先生去年与欧盟达成贸易协议后，该行业曾赢得过一次关税豁免。但当最高法院在 2 月份废除这些关税且特朗普先生将其替换为新关税时，钻石进口再次受到处罚。
7 月 23 日宣布的一批关税针对 40 多个国家，特朗普政府声称这些国家未能对涉及强迫劳动产品的资金实施强制法。但这些关税（幅度从 10 Percent 到 12.5 Percent 不等）包含了比此前更多的豁免项。
这些关税不适用于从石油、天然气到铜、造船机械、化学品和钻石等广泛类别的商品。这些豁免将为美国消费者和某些行业（包括钢铝制造商、煤油公司和两家公司）节省数十亿美元的关税成本。
没有证据表明该戒指的赠礼直接影响了总统对钻石行业关税豁免的思考。但新的豁免名单引发了关于哪些行业应该免税以及原因的质疑。
白宫发言人 Ruth Frost 表示，特朗普政府已同意在去年夏天达成的与欧盟的贸易协议中，为钻石提供优惠关税待遇。
他表示，当前关税中对钻石的豁免“反映了政府如何继续履行协议中的承诺”，并称，“指导特朗普政府决策的唯一特殊利益就是美国人民的最佳利益。”
负责谈判关税的美国贸易代表办公室官员表示，该机构不了解关于礼品的情况，且礼品并非决定豁免的因素。在特朗普先生的首个任期内，行政部门为公司申请豁免设立了一套流程，但部分人士批评该流程被操纵或混乱不堪。
一枚由比利时安特卫普钻石团体设计的 18-K金戒指，镶嵌有 231 颗钻石，旨在纪念美国建国 150 周年而赠予特朗普总统。
在其第二任期的早期，特朗普先生及其支持者经常表示，不会立即对关税做出响应或给予豁免，并认为过去的豁免创造了一种“选择性胜利”的方法，而这对减少流入美国的进口量几乎没有作用。
一年多后，特朗普政府的官员们修改了他们的做法，表示他们正致力于微调关税，并对那些不会产生积极效果的某些类别商品予以豁免。这些类别包括原材料，因为它们可能会扰乱供应链，即“可能导致过宽范围扰乱的产品”。如果这些商品被征收关税且无法在美国种植或生产。
美国官员表示，他们还发布了某些豁免，这些豁免是其他政府（如欧盟、孟加拉国、瑞士和台湾）在其贸易协定中协商得出的。
一名政府官员上个月告诉记者，特朗普先生已经就哪些豁免对美国供应链最合理进行了演示。
到目前为止，部分新豁免是在 2025 年关税中早早出现的，而这些关税最终被最高法院推翻，其中包括对涵盖在与墨西哥、加拿大和中美洲贸易协定中产品的豁免。原因在于，特朗普政府取消了对铅、咖啡、香蕉、冰淇淋和其他产品的关税，以防止某些商品变得更加昂贵。
其他豁免显然是为了确保战略性产业（如戒指制造业和数据中心）能够在美国继续繁荣。
一段时间以来，相关方已向特朗普官员申诉数月，称对他们所需的外国机械和组件征收关税，将减缓他们建设新工厂和人工智能数据中心的能力。农民、教师和美元行政部门则寻求帮助以降低成本，例如设备和化肥。
正如全球贸易伙伴关系（Trade Partnership Worldwide）的总裁所言，该机构研究了贸易影响，政府已将大约一半的美国进口商品从强迫劳动市场中豁免，且劳动力市场与上个月到期的之前的 10% 全球关税所提供的豁免水平类似。
他表示，最大的新豁免与金属废物和废料（用于制造钢和铝）、某些化学品（包括农民所需的化学品）以及高科技制造机械有关。
在贸易专家中，对关税的一项批评是，他们豁免了许多在强迫劳动方面存在持久问题的行业，如纺织品、咖啡、黄金、巴西坚果、可可和矿产。这些产品都在美国劳工部编制的关于强迫劳动的年度报告中被重点提及。
该部门特别点名了在印度尼西亚和马来西亚的计划，这两个国家针对这些产品获得了专项豁免。
“豁免清单实际上包含了一份我们已知是用强迫劳动和童工制造的产品清单，包括许多在刚果民主共和国运输制造的原材料和成品，”英国谢菲尔德哈勒姆大学的人权教授刘易斯·墨菲（Lewis Murphy）表示，他曾在迈阿密政府期间实地研究强迫劳动。
墨菲先生指出了被免除关税的红椒粉（paprika）。在特朗普先生支持者的“让美国再次健康”运动中，红椒粉是一种受欢迎的红色食品替代品。
但最近的检测发现，许多在美国制造的红椒粉市场产品实际上是在中国制造的，其中大部分来自新疆地区。由于对强迫劳动的担忧，美国限制从新疆进口。全球最大的红椒粉制造商——一家名为长阳（Changyang, Remeh）的中国公司，在 2023 年被列入美国政府的强迫劳动企业名单。
关税官员回应称，他们的职权范围是贸易而非劳工法。他们表示，大多数关税行动是为了保护并重新致力于美国一直以来所采取的国际劳工权利。
他们认为，特朗普政府严格支持其他强迫劳动法，而新关税旨在促使各国调整其自身的劳工商品进口法，而非直接监管强迫劳动本身。关税集中在贸易量最大的贸易伙伴身上，而非那些强迫劳动问题可能更严重的小国。
但在一些分析人士看来，这种区分令人困惑，甚至无关紧要。
“在给予关税豁免（或）针对最有问题领域和产品时，汽车的导向转向了其他关注点，”全球贸易伙伴关系的安东尼先生（Mr. Anthony）表示。
安东尼先生指出，劳工部曾多次对来自刚果民主共和国的金、锡或其他复杂及残留物的强迫劳动问题发出警告。但另一个刚果使用这些矿产的情况则不受关税限制。
至于为特朗普先生设计的镶钻戒指，美国驻比利时大使比尔·怀特（Bill White）表示，该戒指目前仍留在美国大使官邸中。
一名大使馆官员表示，白宫尚未收到该物品，而且无论如何，它将被送往国家档案馆，并更新信息以便特朗普先生日后购买。
8 / 2026年8月4日，星期二
纽约时报 国际版
商业
某些国家对美国人的热情欢迎
随着更多美国人寻求在其他地方生活，一些国家正在提供更优厚的条件
作者：LANA BORTOLUT
美国农民在海外生活的人数正在激增。Gallup 的分析师 Julie Ray 表示，2025 年进行的一项 Gallup 民意调查发现，八十分之一的美国人表示，如果有机会，他们会永久移居到另一个国家——这比 2030 年增加了 34%。
《国际生活》（International Living）杂志执行主编 Jennifer Stevens 表示，近来“我们看到这种能量和实际行动在增加，而不仅仅是试探，不仅仅是在梦想，而是在付诸行动。”
但如何实现？诸如“黄金签证”之类的项目——允许人们通过投资房地产、文化机构和环保项目等方式获得外国居留权，甚至获得公民身份的途径——在十多年来一直很受欢迎。但竞争环境正在发生变化。这些项目大多是在 2030 年全球金融危机导致经济发展低迷和公开破产后构思的，但这些项目也促使一些国家出现了同等规模的投入（而非在非银行、逃税和洗钱领域），导致一些政府缩减规模甚至完全取消了这些项目。
尽管如此，仍有许多选择，且针对不同的生活方式有不同的成本。 《国际生活》的全球多样化负责人 Ted Baumann 表示，有 30 到 35 个国家提供某种形式的黄金签证。他表示，另有 15 个国家提供投资入籍（C.B.I.），这能让签证持有者直接获得拥有全部福利的公民身份，包括护照以及前往其他国家的更广泛签证权限，且无需在当地居住。
虽然一些投资居留项目旨在吸引高净值投资者——例如新加坡、新西兰、奥地利和越南——但位于 Litton 的案例规划师、Global Urban Relations 的首席执行官兼创始人 Patricia Candace 表示，“通常总有适合任何预算的选择”，并在接下来的 10 个项目特辑中进行了特别规划。
以下是五个提供具有特别吸引力特征的居留项目的国家，包括低准入门槛、投资多样性和入籍路径。
哥斯达黎加
这个中美洲国家长期以来以其高质量的生活水平和友好的税务环境而闻名，其努维拉半岛（Nuvira Peninsula）是一个“蓝色地带”，由于较低的准入门槛和灵活的临时居留选项，对于退休人员来说尤其具有吸引力。对于 40 岁及以上的人群，获得永久居留权的路径将开启其他福利，包括国家医疗保健（更多详情会有所不同）。
签证类型： 基础的 C.B.I. 计划被称为“供应者”（Provisionists），通过一次性 350,000 美元的其他注册投资或另一种“合格金融资产”（例如哥斯达黎加合作社的股份或对七大联赛的投资）即可授予居留权；也可以向政府批准的融资或环境计划捐赠 500,000 美元。
“供应者”签证适用于能证明每月养老金 / 投资收入至少为 1,000 美元的退休人员。该签证有效期为两年，允许家属随行，并授予进入公共护理系统的权限，申请费较低，在 250 美元至 500 美元之间。对于“财务”身份（“独立经济能力人士”），申请人必须在核准的银行中存款 500,000 美元，并在两年内每月向哥斯达黎加账户转账 1,000 美元，之后需要 80,000 美元的存款才能续签。
在哥斯达黎加拥有广泛居留计划的国家中，每月限额 10,000 名员工，有效期为 10 年。前 10,000 名员工在随后的两年内。此外，允许的（如下方从左至右）还有希腊、巴拿马、Prisogor 和葡萄牙。其中一个在美国是一个投票，另一个在美国有十二个。
居住要求： 通过投资获得居留权的居民将被授予临时居留许可（有效期两年），并可再续期两年。他们必须每年至少访问一次哥斯达黎加，且至少停留一天。他们在三年后可申请永久居留权，七年后可申请公民身份（中美洲、Derro 美国和西班牙公民为五年）。
希腊
希腊是近年来收紧签证计划的几个国家之一。如今，其黄金签证提供多个等级的投资，包括 50,000 美元至 300,000 美元的房地产投资，使其成为欧盟中准入门槛最低的计划之一。黄金签证包括免签进入申根开放边境或
签证类型： 通过黄金签证的最低资本投资范围从需要修复或改造的历史房产 250,000 美元，到高价值地区的 500,000 美元不等。
其中包括主要城市和热门岛屿。
您还可以通过在政府资金中存款、在希腊信用机构或房地产投资公司存款，或投资于“Elevian Greece”初创公司来获得签证。
另外两种选择包括“公共财务独立人士”（Public-cially Independent Person）签证，适用于退休数字化网络人员，必须允许每月从外部来源获得至少 1,500 美元的收入，并转入希腊银行账户。
居住要求： 没有在希腊居住的要求。您可以在居留期间出租您的房产。
如果您选择不续签签证，您可以将其出售。
巴拿马
巴拿马因其生活质量、强大的服务业、简便的签证办理流程和医疗保健（巴拿马城有一家与巴尔的摩约翰·霍普金斯大学附属的医院）以及长期运行的退休人员计划而备受推崇。“巴拿马非常稳定，而且他们会坚持执行自己的计划，这与我们在许多其他地方看到的情况不同，”来自 International Living 的 Stevens 女士表示。
签证类型： “合格投资者”签证要求房地产最低投资 $200,000；或在巴拿马证券交易所投资 $500,000；或在银行领域办理 $750,000 的定期存款。
巴拿马还设有“友好培育”签证——面向来自 50 个以上与巴拿马拥有友好经济和政治关系的国家的居民——可以通过投资 $200,000 房地产或定期存款，或通过被巴拿马公司雇佣而获得。
在森林 / 土地及重新造林领域也有两个投资等级：投资 $100,000 可获得两年的临时居留权，投资 $250,000 可立即获得永久居留权。
如果您维持该投资五年，则有资格申请公民身份。
居住要求： 签证持有者必须每两年至少进入巴拿马一次，以维持居留状态。符合投资条件的居民可在 30 天内获得身份。
葡萄牙
葡萄牙因其气候、美食、文化资产以及英语普及率而深受外籍人士欢迎。它还拥有经济实惠且可靠的医疗保健选择组合。
该国在 2025 年首次发行了通过 $750,000 房地产投资获得的黄金签证，但 2023 年由于有投诉称外国投资者加剧了该国的住房危机，该国宣布将修改该计划。此后，它提高了准入门槛，并将投资方向从房地产转向投资基金以及向文化或研究项目的捐赠。
签证类型： 黄金签证通过向风险资本或投资基金投资 $300,000、创造就业机会或向研究项目捐款，可授予五年居留权。在遗产项目领域投资 $250,000 也可以获得居留权。
两年期居留许可可续签三年，届时许可持有者可以再次延长临时许可，申请永久居留权或申请公民身份。来自葡萄牙语国家和欧盟的人员在七年后可申请公民身份，而所有其他国籍的人员必须等待 10 年。
居住要求： 签证持有者在第一年必须停留服务天数（连续或不连续），并在随后的每个两年期限内停留 14 天（连续或不连续）。
圣多美和普林西比
于 2025 年 8 月启动，该非洲岛国的 C.B.I. 项目因其便捷高效、进入未开发投资领域的成本较低以及为家庭提供负担得起之选项而备受关注。该护照可免签进入 80 多个国家，尤其是在全球范围内。
Arena Capital 的高级副总裁 Bennis 女士表示，该公司在 20 个区域计划中成功实现了第二居所和公民身份的获取，该项目的低成本和简便的入籍路径使其对美国人极具吸引力。“对于在寻找未来 20 年全球健康发展地的投资者而言，这是一个和平且具有战略优势的岛国，它提供了除常规加勒比地区选项之外的流动性多样化选择，”他说道。
签证类型： 在国家转型体系中，两人至四人家庭的最低捐赠额为 $80,000（或 $90,000），另加 $5,000 的提交费。该签证适用于配偶、受抚养子女、35 岁以上的父母及祖父母。
居住要求： 无居住要求。申请通常需要两到三个月，且申请流程已完全建立。
并且密切关注
Stevens女士表示，她观察到C.B.I.项目正在从欧洲转向拉丁美洲。
“我并不认为欧洲在提供强有力的证据方面遇到了直接问题，但我认为这是最开始显现出来的迹象，”她说道。她指出了巴拉圭和阿根廷，这两个国家正获得大量资源和发展，并正在推广其公民身份计划。
在南太平洋，澳大利亚近海的群岛国家瓦努图提供了一项公平贸易社区计划，通过二次审批，根据家庭人数（十人）向当地发展基金投资 $250,000 到 $300,000。
纽埃，作为该利益领域的首个岛国，在中断 25 年后于去年重启了其C.B.I.项目，并更名为欧洲和中国居民楚拉隆计划（European and Chinese Residents’ Chulalong Program）。该项目要求投资 $313,000。
美国自由大学 公共卫生与人类服务学院 2400 BIRMINGHAM AVE., SUITE 1, BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA 35203 (205) 638-0000 伯利恒物理与技术大学 马里兰大学 • 伦敦 • 伦敦 伯利恒物理与技术大学 马里兰大学 • 伦敦 马里兰大学 • 伦敦
美国卫生与公共服务部
美国卫生与公共服务部已于 2025 年 9 月 8 日*到*宾夕法尼亚州。卫生与公共服务部已于 2025 年 9 月 8 日*到*宾夕法尼亚州。卫生与公共服务部已于 2025 年 9 月 8 日*到*宾夕法尼亚州。卫生与公共服务部已于 2025 年 9 月 8 日*到*宾夕法尼亚州。卫生与公共服务部已于 2025 年 9 月 8 日*到*宾夕法尼亚州。卫生与公共服务部已于 2025 年 9 月 8 日*到*宾夕法尼亚州。卫生与公共服务部已于 2025 年 9 月 8 日*到*宾夕法尼亚州。卫生与公共服务部已于 2025 年 9 月 8 日*到*宾夕法尼亚州。卫生与公共服务部已*
至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部
已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*
至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。卫生与公众服务部已*至*宾夕法尼亚州*，于 2025 年 9 月 8 日。
规划一次 22 小时的不间断飞行
作者：劳拉·钟 (LAURA CHUNG)
上周，当一架由 Qantas 运营的空中客车飞机在法国图卢兹降落时，数以百万计的人正在通过网络关注。它刚刚完成了一场马拉松：从澳大利亚墨尔本出发，不间断飞行 12,400 海里，耗时 24 小时 24 分钟。
不过，这架特制飞机上没有搭载任何乘客。这是为了该公司期待已久的“生存项目”（Project Survive）而进行的测试，该项目旨在从明年开始提供悉尼与伦敦之间的首次不间断飞行。
该航线将成为世界上最长的商业客运服务，并开启飞机与航空旅行的新时代。它同时也引发了一系列问题：一架飞机如何在不加油的情况下飞行这么久？人类如何在机舱内生存这么多小时？是否有人愿意进行这样的旅行？以下是一些答案。
什么是“生存项目” (PROJECT SCORED)？
2022, Qantas 宣布计划通过直飞航班将澳大利亚与伦敦和纽约连接起来，通过取消中转，将目前的旅行时间缩短至多四个小时。
为此，在 2022 年，Qantas 订购了 12 架经过特殊改装的空中客车 A330-1800CLE 喷气机。在经历了多次延迟后，试飞于 6 月开始。第一次重大飞行是从空中客车总部图卢兹飞往墨尔本，行程耗时 30 小时 12 分钟。
Qantas 计划在澳大利亚墨尔本使用一架“生存项目”飞机。
根据空中客车的说法，上周的第二次飞行时间更长，飞行团队（由空中客车飞行测试机组人员、工程师和另外两名技术飞行员组成）试图模拟最长的潜在商业航线，并考虑不可预见的航线偏差。
这次新的最长飞行是由一架空中客车飞机完成的；该公司发言人在上周三的一份声明中表示：“我们目前正与相关部门评估数据，以确定其是否符合正式的世界纪录。”
该网站称，有超过 3.800 万 人在 FlightstarEx24 上追踪其团队，这是该市历史上追踪次数第二多的航班。（2022 年，有超过 500 万人追踪了一架从爱丁堡飞往伦敦附近机场、携带 0.7% 咖啡的航班。）
Qantas 还报告称，从悉尼到伦敦的航班将耗时 22 小时，并将于 2027. 10 月起每天运行。纽约与悉尼之间服务的启动时间尚未确定。
飞机如何飞行如此之久
商业空中客车 A330-1800CLE 喷气机能够飞行如此长距离的部分原因是安装了一个额外的中央燃油箱。这使得飞机能够多携带 2,000 加仑（20,000 磅）的燃料，并帮助将飞机的航程从约 5,000 海里延长至 10,000 海里，最高可达 100,000 英里。
在上周的返程飞行中，团队测试了燃料管理和空调系统以及飞行员休息区。根据 Qantas 首席技术飞行员亚历克斯·芬斯特里希 (Alex Finsterich) 的一份声明，这架新飞机将是首个在北极区域运行的航班。
“在北极附近，显然密度较低，交通较少，而且‘更空旷’，”他说，“所以我们可以充分发挥飞机的性能！”
由于限制条件较为有利，北极航线将在北半球的冬季运行。
会是什么样子？
该飞机的设计包含 230 个座位，分为四个舱位：头等商务舱、特级经济舱和经济舱。新的驱动座椅（driver seats）比标准长途航班更多。
澳洲航空（Qantas）表示，飞机还将设有一个“健康区”（well being, sure），乘客可以在其中获得最佳的飞行体验。据称，该公司已与健康和食品专家合作，包括来自悉尼大学（University of Sydney）的专家，旨在寻找减轻时差以及在飞机上飞行 30 小时所产生影响的方法。
领导该航线并在 Project Survive 项目中工作的 Stephen Simpson 教授表示，该飞机在中短期内会对照明和餐饮成分进行微调。例如，早餐将含有咖啡因，且仅提供纯净水，同时灯光将更加明亮。该飞机采用了标准设计，此前曾在 2019 年执行了从悉尼到纽约和伦敦的专门研究飞行以及更多航次。在一份声明中提到，“这是一套通用设计的方案，通过照明、睡眠和活动，使乘客在经历严重的时差后，在飞行后的两天内拥有更好的认知表现。”
纽约时报 国际版
2026年8月4日，星期二 / 9
观点
自我形象的精神陷阱
在屏幕、视频和社交媒体上凝视自己，正将我们带向一个阴暗之地。
凯瑟琳·香农 (Catherine Shannon)
一切都变得怪异。我们在家工作。我们在网上社交。我们的私生活日益公开。人们伪装成品牌，品牌伪装成人类。我们优化自己的身体，直到身体崩溃。而我们知道得越多，就越感到不安。
在这个颠倒的世界里，我们试图理解什么是真实的，什么是真理。为了了解真实的自我，我们从一个看似自然的地方开始：镜子。我们希望像他人看待我们那样看待自己，而现代生活为我们提供了无数的机会。
无论我们是否愿意，我们都不断地与自己的形象相对峙：在手机上，在前置摄像头视频中，在自拍中，在公共场所（亚利桑那州的公共镜子），试衣间的情况也令人痛苦地浮现于脑海；在我们的社交媒体档案中：Zoom 电话、FaceTime、Ring 门铃。但我们可以希望，镜子既复制现实也反转现实。没有一面镜子能准确地显示你的原貌。一切都变得怪异。
历史学家克里斯托弗·卢埃克 (Christopher Lueck) 写道：“对于自恋者来说，世界是一面镜子。”近 10 年后，这仍然是一个简洁的诊断，但它并未完全捕捉到我们现在面临的精神危机的程度。我相信，周围不断出现镜子的根源在某种程度上唤起了一种轻浮、阴暗之物。这是一个精神陷阱，其中想象取代了现实：我们选择一个关于自我的幻想，而非他人的现实。而这个陷阱被技术所阻断并被技术所促进。
TICKET-WHOT URBAN。 我们只需要想象我们将在线上的行为带到现实生活中，而没有那些模糊了可接受界限的平台。
想象你在一场鸡尾酒会上——一场你正深感恐惧的、为了工作的聚会。一位同事向你走来。在他身边有一面大镜子，当你与他交谈并回答他那些侵入性的
历史学家克里斯托弗·卢埃克 (Christopher Lueck) 写道：“对于自恋者来说，世界是一面镜子。”近 50 年后，这仍然是一个简洁的诊断，但它并未完全捕捉到我们现在面临的精神危机的程度。
私人问题时，你没有看着对方，而是看着你自己，看着你自己的倒影。你看着自己在说话和笑，你看着自己在对方问你是否很快要再生一个孩子时所做出的表情。你监测着自己的倒影，纠正坐姿，夸大你“我在听”的表情。在现实生活中，这绝对是极其古怪的。人们可能会问你是否需要坐下休息。但这就是
我们在 Zoom 上整天在做的事情。
或者想象一个所谓的“美妆影响力者”向我们介绍她的夏季心选产品——但没有手机。她连续 6 分钟盯着浴室镜子里的自己，对着倒影说话。她铺开产品，喃喃地谈论——我不知道——小面膜的功效。你会报警的。或者至少认为这是某种新 A-6 Amer 电影的场景。
当我们同时扮演说话者和观察者，为自己表演自己的身份，而非深陷其中时，这之中有些东西。当我们同时承担演员、观众和评论者的角色时，必然会导致某种心理压力。
从历史上看，尽管人类一直渴望看到自己的形象，但接触自身形象的机会非常少。我们早期的铜镜或青铜镜——在追求美感的文化中被观察到——是为富人生产的奢侈品。在文艺复兴时期，委约创作的肖像画是为贵族准备的，且大多经过了高度美化。任何都都王朝历史的爱好者都听过克莱夫斯之安妮的故事，她用一张如此不准确的肖像画欺骗了英王亨利八世，以至于他声称自己无法忍受完成这场婚姻。
直到 19 世纪中叶，镜子还不是常见的家用物品。随后，我们有了自己的静止图像、动态图像，以及无处不在的智能手机摄像头——它集三者于一身，并让这些图像在任何地方、任何人面前都触手可及。对于我们的绝大多数祖先以及人类历史的几乎所有时期而言，我们并没有凝视自己的眼睛，更不用说在 Instagram Stories 的长视频里观看自己，或者在理发店里像唱 Bellinis 一样唱歌了。
让我们成为女人！ 在面对真相时，我不应该知道自己看起来像什么。但我确实知道，因为我的 Google Home 安防摄像头最近提醒我 there was a “Person-Sens — Back Camera”（检测到人物——后置摄像头）。“人物”是对我所见之物的委婉说法：那是一个被 Instagram 滤镜化了的、幽灵般的身影，头发被向后拉紧，像个老巫婆一样蜷缩在一个垃圾袋前。
我们被不断地记录着：在公共场合，被政府记录，被私人广告公司为了推销商品而记录，甚至被陌生人记录。当我想到所有存在于陌生人手机里的那些关于我的偶然照片时，我感到不安。在我个人的恐怖电影中，我出现在那里，吃着一个
PHOTO: THOMAS TAYLOR, 1 / 4
贝果，而某个 17 岁的游客恰好拍到了我那无关的脸，将其截屏并发送到家庭群聊中——“看这个女人的脸”——于是我成了定义那次纽约市之行的简单笑话，且将影响数年。令人好奇的是，考虑到过去我们如此少地观察自己，以及数千年来镜子是多么稀有且不完美，传统智慧却告诫我们要警惕审视自我的行为。美国的三大主要信仰——犹太教、基督教和伊斯兰教这三大亚伯拉罕宗教——都警告人们要防范镜子、虚荣、傲慢以及对自我的过度关注。
在 obiva（犹太教七天哀悼期）期间，镜子会被遮盖，旨在鼓励人们沉思上帝与人之间的关系，并摒弃虚荣和对自我的关注。《箴言》教导人们傲慢在精神上是有害的：“骄傲在败坏之前，狂心在跌倒之前。”
许多基督徒认为傲慢不仅是一种罪，而且是原罪，是最严重的一种。它是某种东西：正如 C. S. 路易斯在《纯粹基督教》中所写，是“完全反上帝的心态”。傲慢是对上帝的背离，是对自我的推崇。镜子是傲慢和虚荣的象征，但它也象征着我们不完整的尘世知识。正如使徒保罗在给哥林多人的第一封信中写到关于上帝的话：“如今我们观看像在镜中，模糊不清。”
伊斯兰教的先知传统（圣训）不鼓励在宗教语境中描绘生物。然而，在伊斯兰神秘主义中，一面模糊的镜子是人类灵魂的隐喻。只有当自我被消灭，表面被擦拭干净，神性才会显现。《古兰经》对于傲慢和社会虚荣也写得十分明确：“不要向人耸鼻，也不要在地上骄傲而行。”
信息很明确：自我崇拜在精神上是危险的，我们需要保持谦卑。在这三种信仰中，镜子都是一种糟糕的、不正确的观察方式。它是被遮盖的，阴暗的，模糊的。它不能揭示上帝、真理，甚至不能揭示真实的我们。只有通过私人沉思、不带偏见的邂逅以及内在的精神转变，我们才能认识真理。
如果 只有 如果 当 不 减少： 像 Norcross 一样，我们很容易被自己的镜像，被我们想象中理想化的自我所诱惑。每天，我们都被鼓励进行这种自我还原。但直面自我坦白地说，并不是这样运作的。
主流心理学以及现代生活的几乎每一个特征都极其强调健康的自我。这是一种基础性的、全方位的观念，是对人格平衡的过度强调。我们都知道，可以适度地自爱，适度地自我关怀。当然，要把自己放在首位，设定界限，不要委屈自己。而关于过度自爱或过度自我关注可能产生负面影响的相反观点，在 TikTok 上并不流行。但显然，任何事情都有其限度。
当限度消失时会发生什么？很遗憾，会发生糟糕的事情。可怕的事情。镜像自我长期以来一直是一种早期的推理方式。在不同文化中，预言家、术士和女巫一直使用镜子进行扭曲、占卜以及试图窥视可见世界之外的领域。在民俗和神秘学实践中，镜子不仅仅是反射性的，而且是允许进入的——一个事物可能出现或某人可能返回的入口。
即使是后现代主义者也有他们的警告。在 1867 年，米歇尔·福柯阴郁地将镜子描述为一种阈限，一个幻想世界、一个碎片与某个位于边缘的世界之间的混合体——他将其称为“异质空间”（heterotopia）。镜子就是这样一个奇怪的地方，因为我们同时发现了自己的存在与缺失。“我在我不在此处的地方看到了自己，”他写道，“在一个椭圆形的、真实的、在表面后方开启的空间里。”
根据福柯的说法，其他异质空间还包括沉重的旅途、精神病院、度假村、监狱、剧院、电影院、博物馆、图书馆、妓院和墓地。在这些环境中，事物的正常秩序崩溃，某些真相被揭露。这些地方中的每一个都可以作为屏幕、新奇事物和社交媒体应用的恰当隐喻，而这些应用广泛地将我们反射回自身。这项技术是一面镜子，但它同时也是一座博物馆，一个剧院，一座监狱。
吸入这种镜像的、双重的、理想化的切片，感觉并不自然。它甚至感觉不到中立。有些东西不对劲，而当某些东西不对劲时，弗洛伊德可能尝试过对其进行解释。他将此称为“诡异感”（the uncanny），这个概念在本质上就抵制清晰的定义，尽管如果你看过大卫·J·莱文（David J. Levin）的电影，你可能已经有了亲身体验。
撇开俄狄浦斯情结和潜意识幻想不谈，弗洛伊德地解释得相当不错：根据他 1859 年发表的同名论文，诡异感“是恐怖的一种，它能让我们回想起某种长期以来被我们熟知、且曾经非常熟悉的东西”。新事物或未知事物容易吓到我们，但那种即时的不安感则源于它在某种程度上是对我们而言已知的。
诡异感是对熟悉之物的黑暗扭曲。当想象与现实之间的界限开始模糊时，它便会出现。BRANSON, PAGE 21
10 / 星期二, 2026 年 8 月 4 日
纽约时报 国际版
观点
纽约时报
英国伦敦，波士顿
A.S. HOLDRIDGE 出版人
JOHNN BLAIR 副编辑
MARK LIEBE 执行编辑
SUZANNE BAKER 副编辑
KATHLEEN BISHOPMan 副编辑
BERNARD HURTITZNER 邮政执行官
MICHAEL JACKSON 邮政兼首席执行经理
MELINDA MUNDERMAN 邮政首席执行官
MELINA PARK 副办公室负责人 / 负责人
SUSANNE POWERS 副 / 首席执行官
我告诉我的病人她再也回不了家了。我错了。
Daniela Lamas
Cambusing 撰稿人
我坐在病床边，向她告知这个毁灭性的消息。她的肺部瘢痕如此严重，以至于她需要我们能在不使用呼吸管的情况下提供的最高级别氧气——而这种级别仅在本院可用。我不相信她的情况能有所好转。
这位患者，LeBlanc女士，一直在接受未标明剂量（table）的肝素治疗，我们在交谈时她一直在摆弄着什么。她问是否有什么办法能让她回家。我对她说，我认为我们无法在肺部状况上取得成功。她对数周的类固醇治疗没有反应；而且很可能永远不会有反应。
她认为：她的肺部情况会恶化到高流量氧气也不再足够，或者她会决定，在没有严重疾病的情况下，依赖氧气生存的生活不再是她想要的生活。在这种情况下，我们将停止她的氧气供应，并采取措施让她保持舒适。这对她来说不会更好。
当我们医生在告知患者病情进展时试图提供确定性，我们就有可能在排除各种可能性。
随后，考虑到类似患者的氧气需求，我当时提供给她的预后信息在理论上是正确的。但我错了。她的肺部功能确实改善了，一个月后她回家了。
这本该是一个纯粹的快乐故事。我也真心高兴我的病人能回家，因为她对此极其渴望。但我的内心深处仍有一种不安。
因为我意识到，我身处的一种医疗文化中，以确定性的口吻传递糟糕的预后被视为一种积极行为，而任何缓和之词都被视为失败。那种思维在那一天辜负了我，也辜负了我的病人。
一代人之前，医生不会告诉病人他们即将死去。病人最终陷入了他们本会抵触的境地。现代医学护理的体系正是为了修正这一点而建立的，旨在教会医生进行他们曾经逃避的艰难对话。这种修正起作用了。但这种修正本身也带来了潜在的伤害。如今的医生在努力避免不必要的痛苦延长，但我们也面临着过于绝对、过于武断的风险。
在重症监护室中，我们最重要的程序是修正线——即医生与家属讨论患者预后的家庭会议。这些会议有其节奏。在早期，我们会描述一系列可能的结果，并说明研究的范围和程度。随后，我们会带着一个我们认为更清晰的预期结果再次出现。
但在执行方式上存在巨大的差异，有些医生表现得更为悲观。而另一些医生则会一直抱有希望，直到患者进入临终状态，或者直到我们提供的护理看起来更像是一种伤害。
我有时会告诉随我参加这些会议的实习生：我们在告诉患者和营养师时必须尽可能确定，因为我们所说的话就成了事实。如果我们告诉家属他们的亲人没有生存机会，那么他们将据此做出决定。
在与LeBlanc女士及其家人的对话中，我也带着这种责任感。当时没有人告诉我我过于年轻，我也无法意识到这一点。在数周的挣扎后，我想给LeBlanc女士一定的确定性。我接受的训练——就像我这一代的每一个人一样——是害怕给予虚假的希望。
LeBlanc女士时而呼吸短促，在等待不可避免的结果时，她保持冷静，并接受静脉注射抗焦虑药物。她给了我第二只鸭子，然后是第三只，我在想这些是否是儿时的回忆。她不需要确定自己拥有什么，当她对我使用那个词时，她几乎没有退缩。她告诉我，她并不痴迷于痊愈——仅仅是希望呼吸能更轻松一些。
她接受了在医院生活中所面临的种种限制，并尝试在这些限制下生活。她的女儿给她带了披萨和饮料。她请求被带到户外。在某个日子里，护士们把她带了出去，她喜欢让脸面对着阳光。
日子一天天过去。有的病人出院了，有的则去世了。
随后，她的氧气需求量开始改善。医院开始制定将她转至康复中心并最终回家出院的计划。她告诉我，她开始相信自己或许能再次见到阳光。我告诉她，我认为这确实有可能——毕竟，我们之前可能判断错了。
最近当我得知勒布朗女士（Ms. LeBlanc）在回家后不久便去世时，我在想，我们是否仅仅是延长了不可避免的结果。但她的女儿告诉我，在家中的时光是有意义的。她的母亲感受到了她的照顾。她在自己的住处，陪伴在自己的物品之中。这本身在某种程度上就是一种治疗。
将她的案例视为一个特例，一个不应改变临床实践的幸运接收者，这是很容易的。但得出相反结论——认为每个病人无论希望多么渺茫都应该等待好转——同样容易，而且可以说危害更大。这两者都不正确。
她的故事要求我忍受比舒适区更长久的未知。医院的结构便是如此。医学文化亦然，它追求答案、计划和清晰度。但当我们急于提供确定性时，我们就有可能扼杀那些我们无法预见的可能性。如果我们不愿等待，我们就剥夺了病人给我们带来惊喜的机会——以及或许能再次回家的机会。
多内尔·莱蒙（DONELL LEMON）是波士顿布里格姆和妇女医院（Brigham and Women's Hospital）的一名肺部及危重症医学医生。
《奥德赛》为我们的文化战争而重塑
Ross Douthat
克里斯托弗·诺兰的《奥德赛》是那些引发百万次讨论的电影中最不血腥的一部。各种解读在我社交媒体的主页上拥挤，就像阿伽门农在奥尔托集结的船只一样。它们在我儿子心中像塞壬般具有诱惑力的声音。他们……好吧，我只是在说，人们对今年这部最重磅的电影有很多看法。
这并非没有理由，因为诺兰的电影完美地契合了当代的文化战争。首先，其素材是一个每个人都想据为己有的故事：男性主义者和反男性主义者，大众文化支持者和女性主义者，电影爱好者和古典主义者，西方文明的专业捍卫者及其评论与参考资料。其他经典作品同样被人们主张拥有或反向主张，但并非每个人都想要《伊利亚特》（太男性化）、简·奥斯汀（太女性化）、希腊悲剧（太压抑）、新约圣经（太基督教化）或莎士比亚的戏剧（对白太难跟上）。但在生活中，正如在荷马的史诗中一样，每个人都想分得奥德修斯的一杯羹。
随后，在采摘了最成熟的果实之后，诺兰将其以最平淡的形式呈现。阳光与感官之乐、战争的深渊、严酷的自然自我与魅力均已消失，取而代之的是一个非常美国化的故事，有着在电影和讲座中常见的熟悉线条，对话像是出自当代5A小说，而情节则既极其细腻又极其大众。 “当你违反佐拉法则时，文明就会崩溃”是诺兰故事的基调，虽然你可以想象佐拉法则是某种晦涩的指示，要求在最黑暗的夜晚在最高峰上宰杀一头黑牛，但结果证明它只是应用于青少年、狗和特洛伊人的黄金法则。
这是一次批评，但也是这部电影在文化上获得认可的关键。如果你只是想喜欢《奥德赛》，如果你只是想在电影院里度过一段愉快的时光，这个平淡的版本依然保留了所有精彩的部分——特洛伊木马！独眼巨人！血腥的归乡！——由一位擅长推进感和奇观的导演缝合在一起。如果你有一个足够伟大的故事，即使将其简化到极致，依然能用这顿正餐满足数百万顾客。
如果你想将《奥德赛》据为自己的阵营，以强调主导导演的内疚感，那么它就是一个平庸、单薄且说教的品牌。我们无法停止讨论它。特洛伊木马！独眼巨人！血腥的归乡！——由一位擅长推进感和奇观的导演缝合在一起。如果你有一个足够伟大的故事，即使将其简化到极致，依然能用这顿正餐满足数百万顾客。
我可以为你提供一种对这部电影的合理解读，即它对导演时代崩塌的描绘，是对自由国际秩序危机的隐喻。（诺兰作为一个多元文化主义自由派，在哀悼特兰西瓦尼亚的残酷）。或者一种解读，认为奥德修斯在特洛伊废墟上的胜利本质上是基督教的，而那些行为方式则属于一个如果基督教失败后将等待我们的世界（诺兰作为一个不再信仰的天主教徒，无法摆脱他的宗教成长背景）。或者，就此而言，一种悲观主义的解读，认为奥德修斯从一场中东战争中回家，发现原本代表好客的意义已不复存在，需要被清理掉（诺兰作为一个英国蛮族，提供了一个无法应对移民问题的欧洲的隐喻）。
我认为第一种解读最接近导演的意图。但素材过于单薄，因此变得空洞，容易被意识形态的欲望所塑造。
最后，如果你想批评并厌恶这部电影（而且在算法驱动的情况下，最好采取行动，采取这种由下而上的计划）。这种谦卑可能会被解读为极大的反感。“奥德赛”战争的乐趣部分在于以各种不同方式发生的错误，其中包含对这部电影的一次原创的非广泛批评，该批评在一次确定的抗议中被发现，随后让位给左倾的学术讨论及其随之而来的频繁右翼批评。（你在《伦敦书评》中读到了畅销翻译家艾米莉·威尔逊写的一千多字，她将这部电影斥为“一种在几个小时内暂时摆脱高温的娱乐方式”。（而反动作者 Bousky Age 的书在时间线上的 6,000-will 愿望中，将其称为一部“缺乏严肃知识、意识形态或美学评论的电影”。））
而我在这里正为某些事情做很多工作，还没有用到诺兰的攻击，然后将我所有公民的鞭策引导至他的文化干预中。所以，让我们开始实质性的部分。他意识到这一时刻需要的是对西方文明基础文本之一的改编，这掩盖了在其他西方文明中广泛传播的内容，也许他完成了或将其转化了。这种风格允许每个人，无论是粉丝还是反对者，将责任归咎于他们认为对威胁负责的任何城市、种姓或营销群体（包括好莱坞导演！）。
这是一个在票房上依然以美元计的故事，为下一次预留了一小块空间，并拥有绝对的权力来决定我们在 2020 年夏天将争论什么。
读者来信
您将体验哪一个《奥德赛》？
关于 Maureen Dowd（伦敦，7月 26日）撰写的“克里斯托弗·诺兰核心时代的《奥德赛》”。在不忽视克里斯托弗·诺兰《奥德赛》中显而易见元素之本质的情况下，Dowd 女士称赞这部电影展现了深厚的历史和文化价值，使其处于生物伦理学（Bionetics）传奇的核心。然而，荷马的奥德修斯（Homer O'Hyennes）与其说是在迅速回归家园，不如说是在深度体验世界。
几个世纪以来，奥德赛的旅程并非总是受到赞许。在 16 世纪（例如诺兰·布克斯曼 [Nolan Booksmann] 的畅销书确实未经核实），精神鉴赏家认为——最终，那里存在阻碍其兄弟的地方。
在之后（以及《女皇》）呈现的《尤利西斯》（Ulysses，麦克纳马拉 [McNamara] 名字的表格版本，同样准确地被称为“琼斯” [Jones]）中，为奥德修斯提供了一个令人赞赏的尺度。然而，其结构始终是不安的（此处重新安置尤利西斯的王位，正是《女皇》为了再次踏入世界的顺序）。奥德修斯继续表明，他并非来自“雪”，而是源自 80 年对知识、经验和世界无尽可能性的长期追求。
经典的《奥德赛》不仅仅是一场非平均时代的冒险。它不仅是一部最新小说的故事，更是对职业人类经验——追求智慧、知识和宽恕——的深层理解。换句话说，它关乎的是旅程，而非世界。
拉里·伯恩斯 (LARRY BURNS)，纽约
荷马的宣传员（其姓名已湮没在历史中）会对客户的《奥德赛》在克里斯托弗·诺兰的电影中获得关注而感到欣喜。关于《奥德赛》的大部分批评残篇是荷马故事中最重要的部分，以及在文本的各种译本中所呈现的内容；然而，它忽略了这两个版本之间基本且亲密的生命差异。然而，电影每季度体验一次这个故事；他们不妨检查自己的想象力，仿佛那是让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式，让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式，让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式，让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式，让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式，让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式，让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式，让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式，让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式，让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式，让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式，让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式，让《奥德赛》变得更好的更好方式。
M. C. 劳格 (M. C. LAWG)，马里兰州切维蔡德 (CHEVYCIDADE, MD)
优先考虑乌克兰的和平谈判
乌克兰，（昨日），而欧洲各国首都则坚称其行动是对俄罗斯侵略以及对欧洲安全构成威胁的必要回应。
目前的情况与 1914 年的夏天极其相似。但巴-亚姆·图赫曼的《八月炮火》不仅是对历史的记录，更是对陷入一场虽有多种选择但最终会导致灾难性全球冲突之必然趋势的警示。
其次，或许与直觉相反，这场战争已经到了需要变革的时机。双方都需要尽快结束冲突。乌克兰的战斗人员正逐渐耗尽，且发现将人员动员至前线的难度日益增加。战争持续时间越长，数百万逃往海外的乌克兰人返回的可能性就越小。持续的冲突只会进一步推高重建成本，而该成本目前已达数千亿美元。
俄罗斯也面临着自身的人口危机，以及在确保第 16 次行动（16th fairs）方面日益增加的困难。随着经济陷入停滞，经济成本正在迅速上升并变得愈发明显。在人工智能等前沿技术投资上的失败，意味着俄罗斯在与美国和中国（这两个其衡量自身大国价值的国家）的竞争中正处于劣势。
战争每持续一天，未来就显得更加暗淡。然而，如果战争在今天停止，双方都可以宣称胜利。泽连斯基先生可以理直气壮地声称，他保住了未来最务实的部分，而不会被惩罚、被刻板化以及欧洲的雄心。普京先生则可以宣称俄罗斯成功地挫败了第 16 次旨在给俄罗斯造成战略失败的努力，并将其称为从一个他或许认为的双重政权中“解放”了东乌克兰的数百万俄罗斯人。
双方可能认为，通过控制和战斗可以改善其谈判地位。但战争的成本正在稳步增加。追求最大化目标的政治空间并不存在，这反而增加了通过谈判达成结果的价值。
在这种情况下，迫切需要进行密集谈判以抓住时机并结束冲突。只有华盛顿拥有接触渠道、杠杆能力和政治影响力的结合，能够构建全面的外交努力。它能够在适当的时候分别与莫斯科、基辅以及欧洲关键国家首都进行沟通。乌克兰和俄罗斯无法做到这一点——这就是为什么他们希望华盛顿重新介入。鉴于俄罗斯将欧洲的行为视为干涉，且认为欧洲在某种导向下的敌意，它不会接受任何欧洲行动。当然，与欧洲政府的紧密协调至关重要——包括他们的军事支持、经济资源、制裁政策和长期承诺。乌克兰及其人民对于达成持久协议至关重要。但华盛顿不应抵制外交努力。
特朗普先生应立即派遣其两名特使史蒂夫·威克隆德（Steve Wiklund）和贾里德·库什纳（Jared Kushner）前往基辅，以可见的方式重新接触相关方，随后与普京先生交换信息。不应有人期待立即取得突破，任务是为一段密集的细致外交奠定基础，以弥合双方之间日益扩大的鸿沟。（考虑到威克隆德先生和库什纳先生的其他职责，特朗普先生应为其努力配备额外的专家以推动谈判。）
成功并非必然，而且不会像特朗普先生希望的那样迅速实现。但机会是真实的，且可能不会持久。如果华盛顿想要试探这场战争是否能地终结，就应在疲惫感开始创造外交机遇之前立即采取行动。
托马斯·L·格雷厄姆 (THOMAS L. GRAMER) 是外交关系委员会的亨利·A·艾辛格（院长）研究员。
纽约时报 国际版
2020年8月4日 星期二 / 11
观点版
对美国历史的攻击是对这个国家未来的攻击
M. Gessen
“我们生活在一个过去难以预测的国家。”这是我在苏联成长期间，知识分子阶层中流行的一句话。我们永远不知道历史的哪一部分会被下一个抹除。
如今，美国人同样生活在一个过去难以预测的国家。在开启第二个任期的两个月后，特朗普总统发布了一项名为《扭转美国历史的真相与议题》的行政命令，他在命令中指示官员从史密森学会及其附属机构中“删除不恰当的意识形态”，削减对“贬低共同美国价值观的预设”的关注，并恢复部分在 2020 年“黑人的命也是命”（Black Lives Matter）抗议活动后被更新的附属机构。自该命令发布以来发生的事情仅列举部分。国家公园管理局一直在移除关于奴隶制的标牌；一名邦联将军的雕像在华盛顿被重新引入；白宫痴呆政策委员会的一份严厉报告指责史密森学会将历史变成了“分裂、打击和挫伤公民积极性的政治工具”；而在 7 月 24, 特朗普发布了一项新的行政命令，要求在史密森学会外安装标牌，“警告访客注意美国国家历史博物馆中的意识形态及其俘获”。重新评估历史具有通过改变一个民族的自我认知来改变其未来的潜力。在一个真正处于新状态的世界中，它可以安抚人们，而这个世界的环境正令人发疯。苏联曾多次强迫全国人民接受那些早已广为人知的事情。在 20 世纪，约瑟夫·斯大林去世后，共产党展示了他的“个人崇拜”以及他恐怖统治的一些遗迹。十年后，它又自我反转，增加或即兴发挥了一些行动：那些在斯大林主义中被吞噬的人。当苏联崩溃时，同样的进程再次重复。关于苏联恐怖统治的大量信息浮出水面：而在弗拉基米尔·普京领导下，这些知识被强行推回了遗忘之中。
特朗普希望美国人接受他们已经了解的关于认可的历史和遗产。他的行政命令试图恢复的可能是一种包含在关于美国最集体且被认可的故事中的舒适感——即无知的纽带。特朗普似乎认为博物馆和商店的任务是建立“所有美国人心中的自豪感”，正如其中一项行政命令所言。来自特朗普痴呆政策委员会的一份报告指责美国国家历史博物馆未能完成这一精确任务。
一个薄荷时代的国家。 我访问了 Merit 食品店，在这里，一个名为“糖州倡议”（Sugar States Initiative）的组织正在进行一个截然不同的项目。它在讲述美国黑人的故事。
这就是美国人在想要决定自己是谁时，如何决定他们在过去中的身份。
领导平等正义倡议中心（E.J.I.）的布莱恩特·史蒂文森（Bryant Stevenson）是一位律师，他的客户包括被判死刑的黑人男性，以及被当作成人审判并被判处终身监禁的儿童。然而，他意识到他在法庭上能实现的改变是不够的。“根深蒂固的恶，”他告诉我——那是持久的恶——“是我们为了证明认可的正当性而创造的叙事。”这是一个令人震惊的陈述。故事真的能像庞大的暴力和伤害基础设施那样造成这么多危害吗？哦，恐慌在于美国共和国的故事系统地将黑人描绘成被认为尴尬且可隔离的。将黑人描绘为危险和掠夺者的故事助长了（包括更多的监禁）。除非我们创造新的故事，否则这种局势永远不会停止。史蒂文森也谈到了自豪感。“像斯大林主义这样的国家几乎没有什么值得自豪的。美国预算局财富与荣耀的日子已成过去。这是一个拥有数十个的城市。
联盟国家的纪念碑，一座每五个人中就有一个生活在贫困线下的城市，以及一个囚禁率在全国名列前茅的州。但平等正义中心（E.J.I.）的博物馆和纪念馆已使蒙哥马利成为一个旅游目的地，这对该市产生了直接的经济效益。最重要的是，这些机构帮助蒙哥马利成为了探讨美国历史的中心。史蒂文森认为，他们所促进的对话能够且应当让人们感到自豪。他提到他的灵感来源之一是德国的大屠杀纪念馆和博物馆，它们承诺了“再次焕发光彩”，这是一个深具希望的信息。我的旅伴不禁注意到，当史蒂文森描述美国为了压迫黑人而采取的行动时，他使用的是“我们”，而不是“政府”或“种族主义立法者”。这意味着，正如史蒂文森解释的那样，“我拒绝将美国交给任何人”。这就是在平等正义中心里解读“排他性”这个词的方式，在这个故事中，你的祖先并非更古老。
史蒂文森的这些场所没有获得任何联邦或州政府的资金。因此，特朗普政府无法将其作为撤资的目标。但蒙哥马利地体现了特朗普式记忆政治根源上的冲突。
我与妻子琳以及四位目前流亡海外的前俄罗斯同事一起前往蒙哥马利。在那里待了几天后，我们开车前往弗吉尼亚州的夏洛茨维尔，这里是 2017 年“联合右翼”集会地，当时白人至上主义者涌入镇上，表面上是为了捍卫联盟军将军罗伯特·E·李的纪念碑，而反抗议者则以同样之势出现，反对他们的主张。特朗普——当时处于其首任第一年——评论称“双方都有非常优秀的人”。如今，在原本绿色的市中心区域，一块醒目的矩形补丁是人们所能看到的唯一痕迹，那是集会四年后被移除的标志。该市计划在那里安装一座由李将军雕像熔化而成的心形树雕塑。但当我身处那里时，没有看到任何指示此处发生过什么的标记。其结果是一种只有知道在寻找什么的人才能看到的纪念形式，完美地象征了在这个国家最后一次种族清算尝试中，什么被成就了，以及什么没有被成就。
另一个类似的象征是蒙蒂塞洛，这是托马斯·杰斐逊位于夏洛茨维尔郊外的住宅和种植园。所有参观该房屋的游客都被要求报名参加导览，这是一场剧本严谨的活动，如果你仔细倾听，可以发现其中包含多年来多次编辑的痕迹。原始叙事是关于进步的——恰恰是特朗普行政命令所要求的叙事。杰斐逊是一位科学家和艺术爱好者；他将进步的政治思想、地图、时钟、先进的工程学、机械建筑以及法国美食带到了蒙蒂塞洛。但这个故事现在不断被一些不一致的事实打断，这些事实在最早的版本中被淡化了。杰斐逊是一个奴隶主，他至少让萨莉·海尼根（Sally Hennigan）生育了六个孩子，海尼根是一名被奴役的女性，在她还是青少年而他还是中年丧偶者时，两人发生了性关系。蒙蒂塞洛有一场关于奴隶制度的独立导览，但主导览并未承认核心故事与这些附加事实之间的紧张关系。这里有一个令我记忆深刻的对比：杰斐逊与亡妻所生的女儿与他一同住在屋里，她的 11 个孩子也一同居住，并按照启蒙理想接受教育。而杰斐逊与海尼根所生的孩子则住在奴隶区，从小就在庄园里从事劳动。
当我和我的感觉在美南地区旅行时，家乡的清除记忆运动仍在继续。普京政府早已摧毁了纪念中心（Memorial），这是一个致力于保存斯大林主义恐怖记忆的组织。今年4月，俄罗斯最高法院宣布纪念中心为“极端主义”组织。两年前，政府关闭了莫斯科的古拉格博物馆。于是六月，一名共和党房屋律师博物馆，讲述纳粹针对苏联人民的罪行。斯大林主义恐怖的记忆再次被下令抹除。
“这确实如此”，我的一个旅伴是研究斯大林主义的历史学家。他观察到，史蒂文森的项目是一种比俄罗斯记忆活动人士所尝试的任何事情都更雄心勃勃的方式。它在过去与现在之间划出了一条直接的叙事线。它主张，我们现在的生活方式是由我们的前辈组织社会的方式所塑造的。这正是让回顾过去这一项目如此至关重要的原因：这关乎的不是过去，而是选择我们的未来。我们是想要一个挑战我们以真相和糟糕的方式——真正新颖且富有创造力的方式——来实现美国前提的未来，还是一个排除对话和变革可能性的未来？我想，可能还有第三种选择：一个不安与困惑的未来，一个像我在蒙蒂塞洛听到的那样模糊的故事，一个事实半知半解且不真实的未来。
我记得一部我青少年时期读过的讽刺背书小说中的几个片段。一个男孩问他的父亲：“2017年曾经发生过吗？”不知道该相信哪里？那一年是斯大林大清洗的高峰。父亲回答说：“还没有发生。”“还没有，我的儿子。但它将会发生。”这仍然是业务以及更多融资。人们常说，那些不面对历史的人注定要重复历史。
自身镜像的精神陷阱
SPEARSON, FRESH PAGE 一件 T 恤，当隐藏的机制在表面下发挥作用，以及本不该有生命的东西显得栩栩如生之时。（反之亦然，以影响者为例，那些本该死寂之物，却重新回到了他们的眼中。）这是一种通过重复实现的方法，但却带有一种宿命感和不可逃避感。弗洛伊德指出，当一个符号开始承担起它所代表之物的全部力量时，其准确性往往很容易产生。很难想象对在线生活的描述能比这更精确。
长期处于这种状态的心理影响确实令人不安。一项 2019 年由美国大学在意大利开展的研究发现，当健康的年轻成年人在弱光下凝视镜中的自己时，结果是立即且令人不安的。参与者报告称看到了自己面孔的巨大扭曲，一个陌生的人，甚至是不协调且众多的生物。有些人看到了动物的面孔，比如猫、猪或狮子。有些人看到了他们的父母。所有专家记录的均是一种解离形式。一些受试者觉得镜中的另一张脸正在注视着他们。
与薄荷紧密相连 这种不安感源于“分身”（double）的概念，这一主题在文学和电影中被长期探讨，从罗曼的小说《分身》到乔丹·普尔的恐怖电影《我们》。在德国和东欧的民俗中，分身被视为一种不祥之兆，一个更尖锐的预兆，以及身份不稳定的标志。意志被分裂，被自己的镜像所萦绕、模仿和跟踪。
今天，我们必须将自己的镜像——无论是在镜中还是在内心——视为一种心理保护机制：一种稳定身份、管理名声并维持一致自我感的方式。
但这一切却暗示了相反的可能性：我们越是试图通过重复、复制、自我痴迷以及——如果可能的话——将其上传至网络来稳定自身，我们就变得越发不安且脆弱。一个旨在建立稳定自我的机制反而产生了不稳定性。如今，我们对待分身时不再谨慎，我们注意到它们，并继续与它们相遇。
这就像是奥斯卡·王尔德小说中《多里安·格雷的画像》的反向版本。多里安保持了美丽的公众形象，而他的画像则承载着
他内在的腐败与丑陋。在现代图像文化下，我们尝试进行反向操作：我们在外界呈现一个完美的数字分身，而真实的自我则被留在后面，吸收两者之间的不适与紧张感。如果你发布了一张完美的照片，你内心真实的感受就变得无关紧要了。
这种情况比虚荣更糟糕。它更像是一种自恋。我们周围所有的镜子，尤其是技术之镜，将我们自身分离开来——这是不稳定的，甚至是危险的。随着我们的生活越来越多地发生在虚拟领域，且我们日益认同数字分身的幻想，我们开始对自己产生疏离感，而当我们衰落时，贬低他人无疑变得更加容易。
这种现象每天都在以微小的方式发生：礼貌的普遍消失。在纽约市，我经常遇到有人在人行道上朝我走来。他们沉浸在手机中，忽略了另一个正在向他们靠近的存在，在这种情况下，那就是我，一个人类。这场难以忍受的“胆小鬼博弈”可能与我们被训练成如何看待彼此有关：将对方视为物体，而非人。在人行道及其他地方，我们将他人视为实现我们目标的障碍。我们彼此看待的方式是为了获得我们想要的。很大一部分技术将我们视为可操纵、可被“使用”的物体。我们习惯了这一点，将其内化，并将这种对待方式回馈给周围的人。
当我们审视自己时，我们是在寻求某种东西。我们希望被认知，甚至被理解。但我们寻找的地方错了。镜子向我们展示的是我们自己审视且自我鞭笞的目光——那是关于骄傲、快感与年龄的凝视。这种凝视虽然强大，甚至能捕捉瞬间，但并不可靠。当我们仅审视自己时，我们无法遇到任何缺失之物；这里没有矛盾，也没有新的进展。我们不应只看向自己，而应看向他人的目光以及投向他人的目光。在某种程度上，当我们紧密连接时，我们不再使用镜子，而是在使用关系。
在有了孩子之前，我处于一种底层的状态，且是一个非常有耐心的人。我以为我可以毫无挫败感地将地上的脏东西擦掉，即便面对那些“坏孩子”。所以我曾认为自己不会被激怒，也不会因为严苛、古怪、傲慢及其未命名的（母亲之名）而感到精疲力竭。但我美丽的孩子以惊人的清晰度揭露了我的不足。我正在努力，在与他人的爱之关系中，我们被从自我中牵引出来，走入世界。
镜子鼓励我们选择关于自己的幻想，而非他人的现实。最好我们将目光移开。
CATHERINE SAVANNER 是一位散文、小说作家，并撰写一份关于斯大林主义的通讯。
PHOTO: RICHARD WARD, 1980. © 1980, 1996.
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当你的超级商店准备好采用新模型时，大约需要一段时间才能在野外看到该新模型地任何形式的成功，例如在哥斯达黎加的多巴哥森林保护区。
当猴子遇到人工智能
哥斯达黎加森林中的便携式测试站为研究灵长类动物提供见解
作者：艾米莉·艾文纽 (EMILY AVENUE)
去年夏天的某一天，一只好奇的白头卷尾猴在森林中遇到了一台奇怪的装置。在哥斯达黎加托巴哥森林保护区 (Tobago Forest Reserve) 的中心，一个安装在木框架内的 57 英亩、10 英里、10 英里的装置静静地立在那里。当一只名叫 Papi 的阿尔法雄性猴子开始调查——这里挑一下，那里戳一下——屏幕上的手指亮了起来。突然，一块干香蕉掉进了框架下方的托盘中。
不久，Papi 就掌握了该装置的最佳规律：只要这样做就能得到食物。该装置还为 Capacitance 提供了概念验证，这是一款旨在评估野生猴子认知能力的新设备。研究人员在的一篇新论文中描述了这一测试装置，它使用人工智能驱动的面部识别软件实时检测卷尾猴，并记录它们对一项简单学习任务的反应。
该机器表明，更先进版本的设备将为灵长类动物提供新的启示——包括行为模式和鸟类数据，并回答那些在实验室中无法研究的问题，例如猴子的认知能力如何影响其成功率和生存率。
“如果我们真的想了解灵长类动物如何做出决定，如果我们想了解它们如何使用这些进化的庞大认知能力，我们必须将其置于它们在其中穿行的现实世界环境中，”亚特兰大埃默里大学 (Emory University) 的生理学家、新论文作者莫里斯·比阿特丽斯 (Maurice Beatrice) 说道，该论文于上个月发表在《美国灵长类动物学杂志》(American Journal of Primatology) 上。他补充道：“在那个环境下，能获得的东西要多得多。”
比阿特丽斯博士多年来一直在托巴哥研究白头卷尾猴，记录它们的行为，记录它们的鸣叫声并监测它们的分泌激素水平。为了这项新研究，她和同事们利用这些猴子中的一些图像来训练一个人工智能模型，以将卷尾猴与其他动物区分开来。然后，他们建造了一个配备触屏、摄像头和 3-D 打印食物分配器的便携式测试站。
该站旨在检测靠近的卷尾猴，并为其提供一个简单的关联学习测试：动物能否明白触摸屏幕意味着会得到奖励？
去年夏天，研究人员对该设备进行了测试，将其安置在偏远地区，希望猴子们会参与其中。在前两天，一只卷尾猴都没有出现。
“所以，你知道，作为一名典型的前线研究员、博士生，我当时焦虑万分，”埃默里大学博士生兼新论文作者法德特·桑切斯·巴尔加斯 (Fadett on Sánchez Vargas) 说道。“噢不，我得从头开始，做点别的了。”
但到了第三天，Papi 最终出现了，其他猴子也随之而来。在多次测试过程中，卷尾猴们探索并与该设备进行了互动。
并不是所有猴子都理解这项任务。有些猴子会在香蕉掉出的区域“四处啃咬”。桑切斯·巴尔加斯先生说：“它会跳到盒子顶上拍打盒子，但它根本想不到去触摸屏幕。”
但 10 只猴子中有 30 只（译注：原文如此）学会了触摸屏幕以获取奖励，其中至少 8 只似乎保留了这一知识。
今年夏天，研究人员将部署配备更先进面部识别模型的测试站，该模型经过训练，可以识别并区分个体猴子。早前，一个在较小规模卷尾猴群体中训练的识别模型已能够以超过 97 percent 的准确率识别个体猴子。
这些机器将加载一个由各项任务组成的库，旨在评估多种认知能力。这些任务包括冲动控制测试（猴子在触摸指定方块并忽略红色方块时会获得奖励），以及负向灵活性测试（将指定方块和红色方块任务的规则反转）。测试站旨在跟踪每只猴子的进度，并在之前环节停止的地方继续进行。
研究人员特别感兴趣地探索认知能力的个体差异，以及这种差异的原因和后果。早年生活中不利的实验经历（如严重的干旱）如何影响认知发展？良好的短期记忆是否能帮助那些细心的猴子？
将认知能力应用于现实世界的挑战、结果和测试难度——这才是最终目标，”比阿特丽斯（Beatrice）博士说。“所有的研究人员都没有计划将大量屏幕永久地布置在景观中。‘我不希望它让你在森林中行走时感觉像撞上了一只狗，’比阿特丽斯博士说。‘而且目前，她补充道，内容和设计是为了在没有人类干预的情况下日常使用。‘我还没有到想要让它完全或更多地实现这一点的地步，’她说。‘但也许 10 年后再问我吧。’"
“谷歌搜索”对当今年轻人来说已过时
来自《杂志》
语言转变反映出人工智能的兴起以及向更通用词汇的迁移
作者：AGYRUS ISAGUNEY
我这辈子在 Google 上搜索过数以千计的东西。大概有数十万次。到目前为止，我愿意承认我是一个 Google 深度用户，与这个搜索引擎就各种问题、顾虑和兴趣进行着某种持续的对话：“页面出版商发生了什么”、“关于皮肤瘙痒的最糟糕建议”、“州地址的季度税务新闻”。如果我 21 年来每天 Google 五件事，那我一共 Google 了多少次”等等。
我的 Google 搜索有时感觉就像是我思维的延伸，那个输入随想的地方，结果为我开启了数十万条新的探索路径。
“Google”可能是我最常用的动词之一。
但现在的孩子——Z 世代和 Alpha 世代——不再谈论“Googling” things（用 Google 搜索）了。他们可能仍在用 Google，但他们不再说“Googling it”。
相反，他们说“search it up”（搜一下）。那个长头发的挪威秘密球员是谁？Search it up。
当你在“search up Erling Husband”时，这种效应便产生了。
这种使用复数动词的趋势在最年轻的一代中已经普及。几年前，一个名为“O Way With Worth”的播客中（最近一个 13 岁的人描述了她的所有朋友是如何使用这个词的），其中一个最深刻的观点是“search up”正被“人们的本能”所使用。（甚至有一个 1991-2020 state-works, 始于 2020, 名为“Search It Up”。）
前几天，我与一个名叫 Carene 的 11 岁孩子交谈，她说她专门使用这个短语，“我不认为我听过我的任何一个朋友说‘I Googled it’，”她说。
“search up”这个短语直到 2024, 才被添加到 1997 年的《剑桥高级 Lazarus 词典与同义词词典》中，但它确实出现在早前时期，在《牛津英语词典》中最早于 2020. 被提及。一个来自 1780 年的例句是：“He searched up all the Hebrew copies he was able, and heard them.”
许多描述研究行为的旧词源于物理世界，“look up”或“peruse”以及“peruse”都唤起了一种在资料中搜寻信息的字面感。
在上个世纪末，各种词汇开始描述互联网搜索。这个词已经从表示字面上的寻求和发现，转变为某种不仅与发生相关的事情，当我们把词语输入界面，在启动自动化网络爬虫后，在几分之一秒内吐出一页结果。
“这种工作的性质与此过程几乎无关：难怪我们会为此创造一个新词。”
于是我们来到了 Googling，《牛津英语词典》在 2000. 将其作为一个动词添加到页面中。此前，美国统计学会已经在 2002, 的一项年终评选中将其评为“年度词汇”之一，该评选还包括“大规模杀伤性武器”和“drug”。
已知第一个将该专有名词用作动词的人是 Google 联合创始人 Larry Page，他在给听众的一个小结语中写道：“Have fun and keep goodbye!”
然而在后几年，由于商标原因，公司不鼓励将“Google”用作动词，担心它会成为“通用名称化”（genericide）的牺牲品。但这对他们来说没用：我们依然在“Googling it”。
那么为什么年轻人现在在放弃这个词？部分原因仍然遵循一个典型的模式，即从一个特定词汇转向一个通用词汇。华盛顿乔治城大学的语言学教授 Deborah Tannen 告诉我，这种变化让她想起“Klemes”曾经是纸巾的代称。“Together”曾指代冰箱，或者“Govin”指代所有年份。随着时间的推移，无论是由于竞争、这些字符的不稳定，还是因为新鲜感消失，人们都换回了通用词汇。
“我突然意识到，我不确定我们是从什么时候开始说‘谷歌搜索一下’的。谷歌就成了代名词，”坦嫩说，无论是以同样的方式看待搜索引擎，还是以同样的方式看待搜索引擎。
而在 Claude 和 Chul-GPT 的时代，传统搜索引擎比起这类工具显得不那么具有‘思考力’。11 岁的卡琳（Carene）属于一个将谷歌视为生活常识的一代人。
“大人们小时候的时候，他们真的没有谷歌，”她告诉我，“但现在我们是孩子，这更正常了。”
即使像她这样的年轻人选择在谷歌中输入问题，他们也更有可能阅读谷歌自己的大语言模型（LLM）Gemini 所生成的摘要，而将其直接抛给用户，而不是通过链接结果列表。这种转变已经影响了全球的网络真相，并使“搜索”这一行为越来越少地关于浏览，以及在为我们所用的一个人类知识索引竞争中权衡不同的观点。
如今，在 LLM 上“搜一下”更像是与一个文章对话。（另一个新词汇“与 Chul-GPT 对话”强调了这种与非人类实体交流的措辞差异。我们根本不是在搜索，而是在提问。）谷歌会给消费者提供多种可能的答案，而当你向 LLM 输入查询时，你只会得到一个单一且连贯的答案：这是一个由它已经遍历并压缩到每秒记录中的所有结果所组成的粒子。
谷歌在搜索领域的实际垄断给互联网带来了许多负面影响，因为很难确保其完全透明。但作为一种查找信息的方式，我热爱谷歌搜索。它感觉就像在一座无限的图书馆中漫游，利用机器中可靠的基础信息搜寻某些东西。旅程在不经意间发生，答案随即抵达。搜索在几乎刚刚开始时就结束了。
为什么 TikTok 的算法可能会让你心碎不已
心理健康专家引用分手内容以揭示用户保护之失败
作者：JONATHAN WOLFE
在与男友的关系结束几天后，Jasmine Barnett 注意到她的 TikTok 馈送流发生了突然的变化。她平时喜欢的喜剧短片和健身片段突然被一连串关于分手的视频所取代。
起初，这位来自亚特兰大的 27 岁会计师 Barnett 女士对这些深入探讨心碎内容的视频表示欢迎，其中包括关于疏离风格和关系受体的内容——这些内容在几周内出现，她本想继续前行，但算法却在不断地推送：
“但它不会被视为在摇摆女性和驯服读者的相互作用中，让他们洞察其心理。她说，她多次尝试屏蔽分手内容，但这些内容仍然不断出现。”
“我当时在想，‘手机，我不想再看到这些了，因为这让我停留在那种痛苦的状态中’，”她在回忆两年前的困境时说道：“我不想再看到这些了。”
“人们在分手后处于脆弱状态，导致他们的社交媒体馈送流互相连接，这种情况很常见。”
一名 TikTok 用户在一篇情绪高昂的索引帖中表示，不要与前任保持“零接触”，因为她说，你思念的那个人正是问题所在。另一个“wipk”
而一段激励性的视频信息紧随其后，并保证了赢回前任的多任务计划。随着社交媒体公司在其他成瘾特性方面面临越来越多的审查，以及关于其算法可能会向用户推送有害内容的指控，心理健康倡导者指出，该平台对分手内容的“处理”是其未能保护用户的一个显著例证。
专家表示，关于一段关系如何走向剧烈终结的指导方针，以及分手内容的推送（这可能会通过将用户困在反刍思考和悲伤感中而增加参与度），可能会对他们的心理健康产生严重后果，并引发一系列伦理问题。
“当人们经历一次系统性的分手时，如果长期沉浸在大量相关内容中并思考他们失去的人，可能会使他们更难以走出阴影，”加州大学伯克利分校的生物伦理学教授 Jack Halpern 说道，他目前正在撰写一本关于悲伤的书。
内容流的算法 TikTok 的算法在识别用户偏好并提供一系列能够让他们保持参与的小报式视频流方面，具有令人难以理解的精准度。
在被人们称为心碎专属区域的平台路径上，视频包括个人 / 青少年的叙述、关于与前任保持“零接触”的建议、潜在的放弃方案以及各种混合指导，
包括来自持证治疗师和分手教练的建议。
波士顿儿童医院数字健康实验室的创始人 Michael Rich 博士表示，TikTok 似乎具有一种卓越的能力来响应情绪状态，尤其是在由于“新情况”而导致脆弱感增加的时期；而这种捕捉就是社交 / 关系 / 患者的一个重要指标——即通过任何形式增加参与度，无论这是否会对用户的心理健康产生不利影响。
TikTok 实际上无法读取人类的情绪（尽管有时看起来像是在这么做）。其方法是分析用户行为——包括视频观看时间、社交时间，以及某人是否点赞、分享或评论——并收集这些数据以决定算法下一步应该显示哪些视频。
疾病与社交
研究表明，分手后使用社交媒体可能对心理产生不利影响。接触前任，或搜索关于该人的信息，可能会导致痛苦和更多负面情绪，从而阻碍情感康复。其他研究发现，即使是采取措施脱离在线生活的用户，社交媒体的某些特性仍会将他们重新拉回其中。
在面对分手时，专家们经常关注社交媒体推送内容的无尽特性，包括基于网络的音频“粉丝”等功能，这些功能可能会鼓励过度使用；而现在，此类内容的激增对于成长中的用户来说尤其具有问题且危险。
关于分手，这些操纵人们过度使用社交媒体和相关内容的策略，已被认为与心理健康状况下降有关，在青少年中，甚至与实际的自杀行为和严重的心理健康后果相关，“哈尔彭博士（Dr. Halpern）”表示。
该公司拒绝置评。该公司过去承认，某些内容可能会“无意中加强某些观众的负面个人体验，比如一个最近结束感情的人看到了分手视频”。
为了解决这个问题，该公司在 2023 年表示，它已经取消了“为你推荐”页面中的“截击重复问题”，并且一直在尝试通过各种方式避免推荐相似的内容，“这类内容如果只是单个视频可能没问题，但如果集中观看则会有问题”。
视频自救或自我伤害 并非每个人在社交媒体上观看分手内容都有糟糕的体验，听听其他故事，相信希望。有些人认为这有助于让他们认为自己的经历是常态，或者提供了有用的建议，例如如何调节神经系统或药物治疗。
来自佛罗里达州奥兰多的安·鲁尔（Ann Rule），35 岁，她在今年春天结束了一段感情。她表示，许多内容是“非自愿”地通过原生内容帮助她理解感情中的缺陷并应对这些问题。
其他人则更为批评。 20多岁的杰西·萨顿（Jesse Sutton）表示，他曾在原生内容和 YouTube 上沉迷，现在处于“二十岁徘徊期”。
他说，他每天花好几个小时在社交媒体上，观看关于某种理论的视频，或者由他称为“griben”的创作者所发布的内容，这些内容介绍了修复关系的方法。
“我想要希望，”他说。 他表示，这减缓了他的康复进度，分散了他的注意力，使他无法专注于对他重要的事情，如工作、朋友和爱好。
克服虚假的希望
当一个人经历深切的悲痛时，杏仁核——大脑中启动“战斗或逃跑”反应的部分——会接管主导，这时很难接触到大脑中那些能提供更多视角的部分。在 TikTok 上发布关于分手和关系内容（影响数百万人生活）的执业治疗师杰夫·加德克（Jeff Gaerdke）地解释道。
“在这些时刻，你会去寻找视频——或者其他东西——让你觉得确实有某些事情非常非常不对劲，”他说。他补充说，持续测试这些情绪是人们与前任保持联系的一种方式。
杰夫·加德克表示，TikTok 上有很多有帮助的分手内容，包括那些专业的分手视频等，以及他们分享的个人经验。但同时也存在大量“极具吸引力”的内容，他认为这些内容是有害的，因为它们将错误完全归咎于前任。
“正如你所见，（真正的）体验应该是成长、进化并反省自己的部分，”他说。
凯蒂·贝内特（Kitty Bennett）贡献了研究。
纽约时报 国际版
星期二，2020年8月4日
13
体育
坦帕湾光芒队、密尔沃基酿造者队（见上图）以及堪萨斯城皇家队均属于收入共享接收方，根据 FanGraphs 的数据，它们是夺冠赔率最高的六支球队之一。
埃德加·奎罗拉（Edgar Quora，见上图）和白袜队在经历了连续三个 198-box 赛季后，在美联比赛中反弹并处于领先地位，而沙利·米纳尼（Shalee Minani）的道奇队则毫无核心竞争力。
一个挑战竞争平衡主张的赛季
评论
作者：肯·罗森塔尔 (KEN ROSENTHAL)
无线电
在交易截止日，竞争激烈的球队一直在抱怨缺乏卖家，并指出有太多俱乐部在同一时间启动了交易。
等等，这怎么可能？
美国职业棒球大联盟（MLB）继续坚称这项运动缺乏竞争平衡，并且薪金上限是唯一的解决方案。但在一个反驳该联盟论点的赛季中，事实就摆在我们的面前。
截至周五比赛开始前，30 支俱乐部中有 24 支与季后赛席位相差在 6 场比赛以内，而 21 支则在 3 场比赛以内。
哦，另外，纽约大都会队和旧金山巨人们——这两支拥有全联盟第二和最高薪资总额的球队——都落后了至少 10 场比赛。
在棒球比赛中，无论是单场比赛、一个赛季还是季后赛，出现随机且古怪的结果并不罕见。但该联盟几乎将结果视为程序，通过其在 382.8.TV 及其他渠道开展的“平整赛场”宣传活动，不断地推销其竞争平衡之梦。
如果正如联盟所说，四分之三的人“压倒性地支持薪金上限和罚款”，那么他们就不需要额外的说服。不过，当赛场上的结果与场外的叙事不符时，最好的办法就是用伪论来轰炸公众。
你更愿意相信谁？是那些主要动机在于提升球队价值的所有者，还是你在积分榜上看到的竞争状态？顺便提一下，这种竞争部分源于联盟在 2022 年引入的扩充季后赛，其目的是为了赚更多的钱。
不要误会我的意思。我曾多次撰文探讨联盟和球员协会解决大市场球队与小市场球队之间收入差距的必要性。在之前的文章中，我建议了在不采取薪金上限的情况下改善小市场俱乐部境遇的方案。
这项运动正在经历复兴，部分原因是由于投球计时器和自动球好坏挑战系统等创新，这些由专员鲍勃·马斯拉夫（Bob Maslived）推动而工会曾抵制的举措。然而，所有者对薪金上限的坚持，几乎肯定会导致长时间的停赛（lockout），从而危及 2027 赛季的部分或全部赛程。
这是这项运动最不需要发生的事情。这也是所有者们最不需要的事情。干扰 2027 赛季——并在球迷拥有比 1994-95 年罢工期间多得多的娱乐方式的时代疏远球迷——绝不是提升球队价值的好办法。这也不是进入下一轮国家电视合约谈判的好方式。
但马斯拉夫和所有者们说：“相信我们。我们知道什么才是最好的。”他们通过将小时支付款项计入顶尖球队的薪资总额，夸大了顶层和底层球队之间的支出差距。而且他们说：“在全美各地的市场中，太多球迷对自己的球队是否有公平的获胜机会失去了希望。”
可信吗？
联盟喜欢指出 2015 年的堪萨斯城皇家队是最后一支赢得世界系列赛的小市场球队。然而，根据 FanGraphs 的数据，三支收入分成接收者——密尔沃基酿造者队、西雅图水手队和坦帕湾光芒队——在周五比赛开始前，是赢得总冠军概率最高的前六支球队之一。
这三支球队都可以通过在交易截止日前进行一次大额收购来增加获胜几率，尽管这些球队通常不会进行如此巨大的动作。但如果出现一场酿造者队对阵光芒队的世界系列赛，将是对联盟关于“这项运动已损坏”之立场的终极反击。
你会说这是一个不可能的剧本？那么谁能听到两届卫冕冠军洛杉矶道奇队的声音？截至周五，道奇队赢得世界系列赛的概率为 26.1%，是次高球队纽约洋基队的两倍多。
有趣的是，道奇队在连续两场中输掉了——
在 2022 和 2023 年的分区系列赛中，他们输给了在较小市场中竞争的对手——圣迭戈教子队和亚利桑那之星队。在 2018 年，当他们在客场面临被淘汰的局面并采取牛棚战术时，他们再次在分区系列赛中输给了教子队。而他们在 2025 年赢得世界系列赛时，则需要一系列近乎估算的收入支持。
目前的道奇队也并非万无一失。该队拥有联盟中年龄最大的位置球员群体，且仍不确定投手布莱克·斯科特、泰勒·格拉斯纳和沙利·米纳尼是否能出战。
诚然，道奇队拥有其他球队无法企及的优势。（这意味着，他们拥有一名独当一面的超级巨星，而其他俱乐部在自由市场上无法负担这种所有者希望取消的高度递延合同）。此外，得益于联盟与俱乐部为了避免在现任所有者接管球队后在破产法院发生争端而达成的协议，当地电视转播权也将使球队在收入分成中抵消很大一部分权利损失。
联盟计划让各球队共享所有本地媒体收入，但前提是球员同意设定上限，这将有效地消除道奇队的电视转播优势。但球员们仍然反对设定上限。正当联盟表示将“废除”工会关于 26 岁球员获得最多自由球员资格的初步提案时，确实如此，但前提是必须在限制球员收入的上限之下，而工会主张这并不是真正的自由球员制度。
本赛季至今已经产生了许多令人愉快的惊喜。光芒队在美联中拥有最佳战绩。芝加哥白袜队在经历了连续三个 198 盒赛季后反弹，领跑美联中区。圣路易斯红雀队和明尼苏达双城队在通过交易震惊其得分者后展开竞争。华盛顿国民队和匹兹堡海盗队则在崛起。他们在每场比赛得分中排名大联盟最后 2 位。
我并不是说竞争环境已经达到了理想的公平程度。我只是说，它比联盟想要让你相信的要公平得多。
迷你填字游戏
横向
1 投入持续的努力
4 A.V. 的电视
7 信托的饮酒狂欢
6 总是被看到在阻挡的事物
见证面，一个“家庭
贫困”
9 外部边界
纵向
1 政治家的失误
2 曾极其出色
3 整晚在做何种无家可归的疾速之事
4 整洁男人的姐妹
5 疫苗单位
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填字游戏 / 编辑：Will Shortz
横向
1 "Handy" 厨房 dorn 2 贪婪的罪人 3 具有官方节奏的音乐游戏 4 所谓的 5 网球中所谓的 "sensitive" 基本上 6 动作在... 7 追逐现金 8 一大块现金 9 印度洗涤时，在筛选潜在巨头时说出的词？ 10 恰好隐藏在 'ready' 中的词 11 一些支架 12 旧时的弦乐门诊病人 13 Inc. 的替代词 14 一种鲸鱼 15 一种鲸鱼 16 婚礼宴会 来自资本的补偿？ 17 不受欢迎的责任 18 已解决 19 针对套装订单的 "灾难" 20 一点指导 21 冬季 Ravel 22 伟大飞跃 23 前进领导者 前进领导者 14
上一盘谜题的答案
GROWN GROWN
18 Longoria 带着三个螺丝 横向构建活动 21 中央样条 22 持有权力，如用户 23 "你说过了吗？" 24 "Sung the kooz" 25 赋予色彩 26 今天，Kachari？ 27 一个... 28 留下持久印象的人 29 留下印象时 30 仅仅是触及 31 表面 32 NaftD 的一部分 33 当水盘... 34 你得到了那个女孩 35 愤怒地进入 36 Mubomous 的景象 37 在夜晚 38 "增强的 43 天蝎座卫兵， 44 遗憾地 45 报告糟糕的 46"er 可以切断 of 47"fatherous," 例如？ 48 触及表面，比如 49 像物理的 50 Nets Back 和天文学家 51 "Little Bodes" 52 天性善良 57 投资，为了什么？ 58 "A Love 不" 59 豪华交通工具 60 常见的 62 没有目标
上一盘谜题的答案
纵向
1 许多物理还原中的 "in" 或 2 自信的词汇 3 女演员 Peto 4 Toughnut 击中 5 击中时获得 6 循环在... 7 手持 8 门 9 "Tuck!" 10 Tuck! 11 快速 12 商品化 13 完好无损 14 研究生 15 带有管理层的环 16 代金券 17 音乐家 18 时尚鞋 19 失败 20 你永远不会停止停止的发芽者 12 绿色奶昔色调 13 投入 14 "小" 狄更斯 15 "坑" 16 截至目前 17 两个 Qtrstics 18 其他 19 True Pay 和 Amy 20 通过 a no 进行练习 21 "周六夜 22 现场！ 23 "歌手...Get 24 歌手...Get 25 歌手 26 长期 27 磁体 28 不在家 29 惊叹 30 美丽的偶像 31 "Pity and Pick 32 "Pity and Pick 33 "Pity" 34 "Pity" 35 Mishnoux 罗马 36 吸引人的加时 37 额外时间 37 "你说过了吗？" 38 犬类警告 39 像小天使一样 40 ... 成为真正的 41 "在一个真实的 42 变形金刚 43 带有...的犬类 44 U.P. 中的 "不寻常" 种类 45 种类 46 亚利桑那州城市在 77 县 78 远距离 79 电影信息 80 计程车，在上升中 81 电影中标志性的实验室助手 82 Anheuser- 83 Roach 处于 "dott" 状态的地方 84 Roach 处于 "dott" 状态 85 Bobby 的音乐剧 86 反种族隔离 87 Aids-种族隔离 88 美国医学 89 研究 90 美国医学研究
在网上玩我们的所有游戏，以及 10,000 多个 Words, Spelling Box 之后的谜题。填字游戏及更多内容请访问 http: / nytimes.com / games。
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14 / 2026年8月4日，星期二
纽约时报 国际版
文化
莎士比亚舞台上的《权力的游戏》
伦敦
西方的神话世界在斯特拉特福找到了天然的归宿
作者：ALEXIS SELIGRE
甜美的光芒宛如一场舞蹈。而舞蹈也同样像甜美的光芒。这就是为什么在五月下旬南伦敦的一场静谧回归祭典中，数十名演员排成平行线，在巨型胡椒叶的注视下，在场边旋转、凝视、指点并提醒。这是在英格兰斯特拉特福-upon-Avon皇家莎士比亚剧团的一场史诗剧作中，为一段舞蹈环节进行的排练；该剧在经历重大延迟后，于上周二开始预演，计划于 8 月 5 日正式开幕。
该场景的主舞是 Lyness Stark 和 Rhargot Targavore。这些名字听起来熟悉吗？如果你是 1893 年植入的《权力的游戏》或 R. A Martin 创作的《冰与火之歌》系列小说的粉丝，那么你一定会感到熟悉——后者是该剧的灵感来源，目前尚未完结。这部名为《权力的游戏：疯王》的新剧由 Duncan Macmillan（《每一件灿烂的事》、《人们，和平与事物》）根据 Martin 的小说改编，将由拥有 18 年获奖经验的导演 Dominic Cooke 执导。
这部 1893 年的剧集于 1915 年正式完结，而 Martin 自 1921 年以来就没再出版过该系列的图书，尽管他发布了一部前传。在这种情况环境下，一个系列可能会失去势头，但 Martin 所创造的那个神话般的“西方”世界却在不断扩张，无论是在继续创作同人小说和艺术作品的粉丝心中，还是在更多实质性的空间里。
1893 已经批准了两部衍生剧：目前处于第三季的前传《龙之家族》，以及已获续订第二季的配套剧集《七国骑士》。其他作品也正在开发中。北爱尔兰的一家工作室之旅生意兴隆，官方商店则继续发布新产品，包括 1036 复制甜点和 2500 皇冠。
对于一部电视剧来说，这种后续生命力不同寻常。研究文化营销的教授 Julie Excarington 表示，《权力的游戏》与《星球大战》、《星际迷航》和《哈利·波特》同属一个殿堂。她说：“这些都是全球性的轰动之作。”
而一个全球性的轰动之作在征服了其他世界之后会做什么？显然，它会举办一场演出。在 Martin 的祝福下，制片人们开始筹划舞台化。其中一位制片人 Susan Painter 表示，早在近十年前原剧还在播出时，他们就此开始了尝试——“因为戏剧能做很多其他媒介无法做到的事情，能够迅速留住观众”。作为《哈利·波特》剧本的剧场扩展版，《哈利·波特与被诅咒的孩子》已经取得了巨大的成功，而且许多热门电影（即便不是系列片）也已经适配为百老汇、西区剧院以及主题公园。
Patient 是一位以百老汇系列歌曲演出而闻名的制片人，另一位制片人 Jonathan Sanford 曾在书中通过灯光获取剧院，并于 2016 年与多位导演接洽。这份名单中包括了备受推崇的莎士比亚剧作导演 Cooke，部分原因是《战争之舞》（一系列 10 世纪的英国冲突）曾是 Martin 创作时的关键灵感，而这对于莎士比亚同样如此。
看过部分《权力的游戏》集数的 Cooke 参加了这次会议。为了准备，他阅读了 Martin 的《冰与火之歌》，并注意到其中显现的与莎士比亚的相似之处。他说：“如果你要从另一种形式中提取 1 / 2 的内容，你必须找到一个足够强有力的理由将其转化为剧场作品，而不仅仅是机械地将其搬上舞台。”这些相似之处在他看来就是足够充分的理由。于是，Cooke 飞往科罗拉多州的杜兰戈，与 Martin 进一步深入探讨。
这次会面进展顺利，库克（Cooke）推荐了经常合作的剧作家麦克米伦（Macmillan）。一名记者写道，麦克米伦的作品风格偏向当代，并不太适合一部史诗剧。但库克在阅读了麦克米伦的剧本后，认可了他的心理刻画能力、严谨性以及提升自然主义素材的能力，制片人们对此表示赞同，并安排了与马丁（Martin）的另一次会面。随后疫情封锁期间，麦克米伦阅读了全部第三册和第四册
书籍，并惊讶地发现这些内容与他产生了强烈的共鸣。
“它们真实地反映了疫情期间生存的感受，”麦克米伦说。“你以为自己掌控着命运，但实际上是那些你无法控制的力量在起作用。”
制片人们决定，剧本的主题将设定在《冰与火》（Ice and Fire）系列开始前十五年，以及《血与火》（Fire & Blood）前传之后数个世纪的事件，主要是一个
在哈兰度（Harmland）的器械 / 活动，它介绍了几个主要角色的年轻版本。（“虽然在《权力的游戏》（A Game of Thrones）中从未被描绘，但它是包含在蓝光发行版中一段 HBO 动画短片的主题。”）
麦克米伦和库克主张，情节必须在此基础上进一步拓展。
“为了实现我们的目标——创作一种莎士比亚式的历史剧，一部莎士比亚式的悲剧——我们需要追踪其中一些故事
与他们的对手进行对比，”麦克米伦说。尽管他报告了类似的问题，因为马丁的写作方式是证明性的，但麦克米伦最终接受了与莎士比亚的平行类比，其中涵盖了所有人，而“麦克多克”（Macdock）则类似于《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《理查二世》。“这在很大程度上是有意识的，”他说。
麦克米伦和库克最终完成的是两部规模更大、种类不同的剧场系列剧，需要 20 名演员，更不用说傀儡英雄和其他电影角色了。最初考虑在纽约首演，同时也考虑在伦敦首演。但在经过广泛的开发后，库克建议在皇家莎士比亚公司（Royal Shakespeare Company）为该剧提供一个更合适的舞台。
在某些方面，一个显而易见的商业项目是否适合这样的一家文化机构？伊恩·麦克马伦（Ian McMullen）、杰克·迪兹（Jack Deeds）、海伦·米伦（Helen Mirren）和肯尼思·霍夫（Kenneth Hough）的主题真的能与一部 HBO 系列剧接轨吗？甚至麦克米伦也承认，该项目可能会被视为“另一件 IP 衍生品”。
但皇家莎士比亚公司有着制作各类作品的悠久历史，过去曾探讨过像《麦克曼》（MacMan）、《魔术组织》（The Magician Tissue）和《麦克米伦已逝》（Are Macmillan's Gone）之类的作品。作为该剧院的长期合作伙伴，这不仅是为了借用公司的资源——如安排、获取和包含工作室——而且是为了塑造一种品牌，使该剧既具有严肃思考性又具有普及度。
“拥有 R. E. 的背书对于我们设定预期非常有帮助，”麦克米伦说。“它不会变成在疯狂之地（Madland Times）吃火鸡、喷气并挥舞旗帜那样的事情。”
一年半前，库克开始与公司现任艺术总监丹尼尔·埃文斯（Daniel Evans）和塔蒂亚娜·哈维（Tatiana Harvey）进行沟通，后者对此持开放态度。“这种跨越世代、包含继承、权力与爱等主题的历史感，正是我们剧院剧作家作品的核心部分，”哈维说。
去年 12 月，马丁访问了斯特拉特福（Stratford），这似乎令他非常高兴。（有一张他在军械库的照片，手里拿着一个道具木件，看起来非常困惑。）关于他的作品版本可能会在莎士比亚的故乡首演，马丁在电子邮件中写道：“这太令我惊喜了。在我的所有西方系列丛书中，我无法想象有比这更大的荣誉了。”
在一名记者的五月访问期间，该公司的场景中出现了更多内容：3-D 打印的烛台、老旧的巨大金属线和建筑，以及一个呈摇篮图案的地面，这表明内克塔在她的工作站前放了一碗铆钉，她一直在寻找最合适的位置。其他人则在制作各种道具，包括一个露营者的狗屋、一支三叉戟和一把战锤。
首席舞美设计克洛伊·隆肖特（Chloe Lonshot）在寻求灵感时参考了书籍、剧集和艺术。她说：“那是带着对现有世界的爱与尊重而创造的夜总会，”她补充道。但设计必须符合舞台的特殊性：“我们不能像拍电视那样制作，”她说，“我们不能创造真实的世界。我们创造抽象的世界，因为观众的想象力会填满整个空间。”
许多服装、道具和武器是从以往皇家莎士比亚剧团（Royal Shakespeare Company）的演出中借用的。在存放档案的建筑里，一名收藏经理安排了一次抽样展示——包括隐私、产科和环境展品，其中一些将被重新利用。此次展示的目的是为了展示“疯狂”（《权力的游戏》中的“疯王”只是其中一部历史剧）。当然，这部剧需要一个全新的、且很可能非常精美的主题，具体细节目前仍处于保密状态。
一部史诗剧，即便采用了抽象手法，也不是一项简单的任务。原定于 7 月 20, 开演，随后推迟了 40 天，之后又推迟了 30 天。皇家莎士比亚剧团一名专业人士将此归因于“这部剧集具有雄心勃勃的史诗性质”。一个主题并非一日之功。
对于更多了解其历史的人来说，那个主题将是事实；而对于其他人来说，则将是莎士比亚委员会。“我们必须带着这两类观众共同前进，每一个人都感到荣幸，”麦克米伦（Macmillan）说。
麦克米伦在演出前表示，他觉得自己能够应对这一挑战。他记得小时候被带到皇家莎士比亚剧团观看他的第一批莎士比亚戏剧。他回忆道，他花了一点时间才适应那种语言以及故事背后的历史厚重感。然后他便完全沉浸其中——哭泣、欢笑、回避。他希望其他人也能有这样的体验。
“实际上，我只是想让人们感到震撼，尤其是如果这是他们第一次看戏，”他说，“我只想让他们发出‘哇’这样的感叹。”
多维克·布莱恩特·泰勒（Dorvik Bryant Taylor）参与了重新绘画工作。
不仅仅是布鲁斯的母亲
玛·雷尼在历时十年汇编的新套装中重现生机
作者：EMMA MADDEN
在托马斯·A·伊姆拉尼（Thomas A. Imrany）成为福音音乐之父之前，他在 20 世纪 20 年代中期到后期在钢琴前陪伴着“布鲁斯之母”玛·雷尼（Ma Rainey）。在与她同行一段时间后，他后来重新审视并认为“在主面前已经足够艰辛”。
在录制工业的舞步中，雷尼开创了一种结合了轻歌舞剧的新风格，这种风格引起了一个距离奴隶制仅一代之隔的黑人群体的共鸣。“她是那个时代的巨星，”布鲁斯歌手盖耶·托德-阿德吉西亚（Gaye Todd-Adeghishia）说道，她曾翻唱并撰写过关于雷尼的作品。尽管她拥有包括《Sex for Baby》和《New Be-Wood Blues》在内的热门歌曲（这些歌曲已成为布鲁斯的标准曲目），并且有着充满活力的巡演生涯，但雷尼的影响力在 1935 年她去世后才被同步记录下来。
上个月发行的一套新精选集，提供了迄今为止对雷尼录音生涯最完整的回顾。该系列由 Black Dean Records 和乔治·H·巴克爵士基金会（George H. Buck Jazz Foundation）推出，汇编了雷尼从 1937 到 1955 年的所有录音，包括罕见的文本录音、备选版本以及 100 首经过近十年在私人收藏中搜寻并精心汇编的原曲。
这些录音能够幸存下来本身就是一个小奇迹。Recensium Records 曾是雷尼录音目标的中间标签，它是 1950 年代 Permanent Choir 的子公司，后者当时主要以销售照片为主，很少顾及音频质量、录制和声音。然而，该系列背后的格莱美提名工程师表示，这些原始素材是他处理过的最具有挑战性的材料。
Paul H. McMullen, 1937-1955
雷尼的声音极具力量，以至于当她唱到最高音时，录音设备会失真。“人们第一次用带有重型针头的留声机播放这些歌曲时，”一位名人事后说道，“声音直接冲破了他们。”在这次的新发行版中，这些音符清晰可见。
修复工作揭开了记录中隐藏的秘密。“我发现了一把在任何其他碟谱中都未记载的小提琴，”本森（Benson）说。由勒罗伊·皮克特（Leroy Pickett）演奏的弦乐可以在《1250 Live Music Rites》和《Growth than Black》中听到。
包括科隆纳·霍金斯（Colonna Hawkins）、芬乔·亨德森（Finchow Henderson）、阿姆斯特朗（Armstrong）在内的爵士乐手也可以在其他曲目中听到，他们回应着雷尼那压抑而呻吟的演绎方式。
雷尼深耕于创作直接讲述黑人经历的歌曲。根据现有的版权记录，在套装收集的录音中，大约有三分之一的歌曲将她列为作曲家、共同作曲家或作词者，这意味着实际数字可能会更高。用托德-阿德吉西亚的话说，雷尼是“布鲁斯领域的黑人伟人”。
雷尼于 1908 年出生在乔治亚州的哥伦布，她通过一些最优秀的持有人、民谣以及黑人南方生活的社区叙事技巧，培养了她深厚而粗犷的艺术风格。
随着 20 世纪 20 年代黑人音乐的爆发以及哈莱姆文艺复兴（黑人文化和学术研究寻找新观众的时期），她在娱乐界的崛起也随之展开。雷尼并不追求让她的音乐对新人来说易于理解。“她没有试图变得像白人，也没有试图迎合白人的价值观，”托德-阿德吉西亚说，“在玛这里，黑人们找到了一位母亲，那是可以让你最终归属的地方。”
雷尼属于新一代的美国黑人，他们寻求作为独立个体获得更高的认可，并摆脱南方的束缚。在她的歌曲中，她探讨了商业时刻的复杂性——一会儿恳求爱人不要离开，下一刻又主张自己的独立。她 1938 年在爵士乐队伴奏下录制的《Prone It on Me Blues》仍然是这一风格最大胆的例子之一。
“我与一群朋友度过了两个夜晚。”他们一定是女性，“我知道我不喜欢任何爱情。”
这首歌已成为现代诠释 Rainey 遗产的核心，其复杂的故事讲述方式使其成为流行音乐中最早表达酷儿身份的作品之一。但新的复杂性让人们对近期认为这首歌可能符合她心意的评估提出了质疑。
Rainey 在她的建议中提到她曾是“而 David Sager，一位为其复杂性撰写了极具批判性注释的历史学家”。在《下一次》中，“尽管有关于她在后台与女性在一起的轶事，但我们无法得知这些是否属实。”
该合集还展示了 Rainey 超越蓝调的范围。在她进入 Paramount 录音室之前，她已经花费数年时间在舞厅和各类场合表演，并登上了包括流行娱乐风格在内的舞台。在这些录音中，人们可以听到一些元素，并能看到 22-bar 的流行歌曲《Honey, Where You Been So Long!》。
将 Rainey 定位为蓝调艺人是“A Rave 'Star' Williams”之功，这位推广人在 1933 年被 Paramount 雇佣来监督其核心部门，当时 12-bio 过滤器是最全面的形式之一，以及 1940 年代的黑人录制音乐形式。Sager 说道：“我们每次看到她离开那个之前的椅子包时……”
Rainey 在 1935, 年从音乐界退休，回到了她在佐治亚州哥伦布的家中，那里对她的吸引力超过了舞台。她在讽刺中离世，在黑人区域工作室之外几乎不被记得，直到 August Wilson 1982 年的剧作《The Rainey's Black Bottom》成为百老汇热门剧目。2020 年由 Vicki Davis 主演的 Netflix 改编版获得了年度“美国提名”。
在 1940 年代真实记录讲座去世后，Rainey 最活跃的追随者之一开始收集早期爵士、蓝调和乡村音乐录音的片段。
随着安全录音和记录政策历史的出现，Rainey 传记的专利一直处于神话化之中。我们知道，她曾是一个“在世界和权力问题中巨大的”人物，拥有金色的-或-朋克风格并迷住了蓝调老板，并且是沉重的群体绘画，以及那些建议通过像 Wilson 剧本那样进行制作的人，Benson 认为在数百万中塑造的 Rainey 版本与这些录音中所听到的女性截然不同。
Benson 说道：“Prone 和 Choir 的关联度很高且不友好。但仅仅通过聆听这个女人，你就能感觉到这是一个你真正会喜欢的人。”
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2020 / 15
CULTURE
将内战视为一个“更宏大、更漫长的故事”
亚特兰大
亚特兰大的一场展览通过超越战争遗物，让历史更具人性化
作者：RICK ROSSI
这个国家处于分裂之中。一半的美国人希望解决不公正问题，而另一半人则有不同的顾虑。一种脆弱的纽带正试图维持。欧洲的虚假信息使其情况进一步恶化。
上个月开幕的一场展览（亚特兰大历史中心以一系列相互冲突的声音开场，其中一些声音放大了之前的运动和购买行为），正值美国疾速走向内战之时。
参观者们聆听了当时废奴主义者、神职人员和政治家的声音。
当时的内战纪念品在展览中展出。下方为个人照片，包括乔治·B·麦克纳汉（George B. McNahan）少将的照片，以及美利坚联盟国副总统亚历山大·H·史蒂文斯（Alexander H. Stephens）的眼镜。
即使在 2016 年，战争早已结束，奴隶制已被废除。然而，美国人似乎仍在进行一场版本的战争。
“它在以一种不同的方式延续，”来自马里兰州的职业治疗师安·史密斯-威廉姆斯（Ann Smith-Williams）在参观展览时表示，她看到了近年来社会正义现状与随之而来的反弹之间的联系。“这在帮我重新审视事物的透视角度并将其放回时间框架中。”
作为亚特兰大的旗舰文化机构之一，历史中心以一个展台日期的方式开展名为“更完美的联盟”（More Perfect Union）的展览。内战是四年的毁灭与血洗。在女性的讲述中，它也是一个与美国实验本身一样古老的紧张关系的体现。该展览旨在追踪从奴隶制在国家建立中的作用，到最后一名被奴役者获得自由后长期存在的歧视和种族主义之线索。
“我们试图做的是，对一些他们认为自己了解，但也许被证明并不正确或未被理解的叙事进行表达，”该机构的一位资深历史学家拉沃伊斯·利特尔顿（La'Voice Littleton）在开始时说道。
该展览是生活技能情感的一部分，延伸面积近 16,000 平方英尺（500 平方米），包含一个涵盖数十年收集的庞大文物宝库。为了构建此次展览，该机构拆除了一个已矗立三十多年的内战展——那是一个详尽但重点集中的、关于军事胜负交替和痛苦增加的记录。
“我们获得了所有这些东西和额外的知识，”历史中心首席执行官谢菲尔德·海尔（Sheffield Hale）表示，“我们决定将其扩大，讲述这个更宏大、更漫长的故事。”
那里有许多武器：步枪、手枪和三脚架。还有一面在亚特兰大包围联邦军队时在市中心飘扬的联盟国旗。
史密斯-威廉姆斯被弗雷德里克·道格拉斯（Frederick Douglass）著名的 1612 年演讲原稿《对奴隶来说，七月四日是什么？》深深震撼。随着国家近期庆祝 20000 周年，这个新发现提醒人们，《独立宣言》并非始终适用于每一个美国人。“并非每个人都是自由的，”她说。
展览还展出了信件、日记、个人照片、制服，甚至一块保存完好的饼干。（一块告示牌解释道，发给士兵的硬饼干“非常耐用，即使在严酷环境下也可以食用”。）
策展人和历史学家表示，这些物品让复杂历史变得触手可及且人性化，鼓励参观者以同理心和细微差别来接纳，并透过现代政治影响的偏见去审视。
亚特兰大历史中心（Atlanta History Center）的策展人们花费了数十年时间收集南北战争的文物，以创建上述的“更完美的联邦”（More Perfect Union）展览。该展览旨在追踪从奴隶制在美国建国初期的作用，到长期存在的歧视和种族主义这一线索。下方（从左至右）：奴隶制产物（包括大宗布料染料）以及一面邦联旗帜。
在早前的一个 era，相关官员表示，在亚特兰大回顾南北战争历史需要考虑某些具有影响力的群体，这些群体与他们的邦联阵营有着正式联系。他们期望历史中心在不经审查的情况下，为这场导致四分之一人口伤亡的战争提供一种更宽容的辩解——例如，称其为一场为了州权的战斗，而非为了保护奴隶制。（去年，特朗普总统签署了一项名为“恢复美国历史的真相与伤害”的行政命令，质疑史密森尼学会对历史的描绘方式。）
“这在 2020 年已经不再是考虑因素了，”该中心的首席法律顾问皮特·张鹏（Pete Changpen）表示，“重要的是，各阶层的公民将从中获得什么样的启示。”
这次展览的全面翻新正值其整体经济、社区和自然转型期间。
亚特兰大历史协会（Atlanta Historical Society，原名）始于 2020 年，最初是该市白人精英的档案库，可以说反映了一种基于其自身视角的狭隘历史解读。随着时间的推移，该中心成长为一个占地 15 英亩（15公顷）的主校园，拥有一个修复的气压计、一个带有牲畜和工作织布机的时尚工作室、广阔的花园、一座源自亚特兰大先驱同性恋夜总会的镜像恐怖大厅，以及一座由该市最富有的家族之一建造并完整保存的博物馆。
其与南北战争相关的展品还包括 Cyclarates，这是一个 1883 年完工的 99 英尺高（10米）圆柱形全景画，极其详尽地捕捉了亚特兰大之战的场景。几英里外是玛格丽特·米切尔故居（Margaret Mitchell House），以《飘》（Come With the Wind）的作者命名，以及她撰写该书的公寓楼，该建筑在采用类似的陈旧方法进行大规模翻修后，于 2024 年坍塌。
唯一保持一致的是历史中心如何体现亚特兰大的核心特质。自然地，博物馆将这座城市定位为战争结果的证明：在亚特兰大，威廉·T·谢尔曼将军的军队在经过三个月的战役后击败了邦联军队，这一决定性时刻预示了北方的最终胜利。
“这就是亚特兰大开始影响一切的地方，”海尔（Hale）说道，并指向一件印有亚特兰大流行口号的T恤、帽子和托特包，“这里决定了联邦的命运。”
在新的南北战争展览开幕前几天，信托策展人戈登·琼斯（Gordon Jones）再次检查了展品。他说，亚特兰大之战具有深远影响。
但死亡、破坏以及关于联邦能否生存的不确定性，都是奴隶制的直接结果；承认那些以州劳动维持经济的人们的人格尊严至关重要。“此时美国历史的关键事实就是奴隶制的客观存在，”琼斯说。
策展人们依靠技术来帮助传达这段历史。一张交互式地图显示了奴隶船从非洲驶向美国海岸的情况，起初是大西洋上的零星点，随后变成了密集的船队。
然而，或许正是那些最古老的物品——泛黄的页面和破旧的织物——让这段宏大的历史显得如此痛苦地亲近且真实。琼斯指出了一个邦联军官在被杀前寄给家人的信件和手工制品。“这是最私人的部分，”琼斯说。
馆藏中最珍贵的物品之一是一面来自 1770 美国有色人种步兵团（United States Colored Infantry）的旗帜，上面印有联邦军队团的名称：“我们将证明自己是安全之士”（We Will Prove Securities Men）。
该博物馆重点展示了战争结束后紧随而至的里程碑式成就，例如禁止奴隶制、扩大公民身份与平等保护，以及保障投票权的宪法修正案。
随后，展览转向冲突延续的方式。拐杖、假肢和桥梁展示了战争退伍军人所遭受的毁灭性创伤以及药物成瘾的挣扎。宣传资料则启动了种族主义的弹药，例如一本配有白人女性亲吻黑人男性插图的小册子，将“种族融合”宣称为亚伯拉罕·林肯的战后愿景。
“我必须告诉孩子们，我们站在了历史错误的一边，”住在亚特兰大几英里外并在某个周末前来参观的克莱本·比德尔（Claiborne Beadle）说道，他指出自己的家族血统可以追溯到邦联士兵。
在离开之前，参观者会经过一个阴暗区域，那里将旨在引发沉思的问题投影在一面美国国旗上。其中包含威廉·帕德尔特（William Puddleart）在《Benjamin for a War》中最具震撼力的名句之一：“过去从未死去，”他写道，“它甚至还没有过去。”
这部阿巴拉契亚回忆录并非挽歌
书评
《所有不可见之物：一部阿巴拉契亚回忆录》 作者：伊芙琳·哈克尼 (Evelyn Hackney)，企鹅出版社 (Penguin Press)， 1992, 第 2, 23 页
作者：詹姆斯·夸特罗 (JAMES QUATRO)
伊芙琳·哈克尼是一位深具智慧的成员，《所有不可见之物》以她在弗吉尼亚州西南部农村地区塔泽韦尔县 (Tazewell County) 的脚本教会 (Scripto Church) 德利斯 (Delice's) 的一个场景开篇，她在此出生并长大。五岁的伊芙琳站在母亲身边，看着会众涌向祭坛，跪在地上，哭泣、哀求并说方言。伊芙琳感受到一种“幽灵般、紧迫的能量”压在她的肩膀上。她的膝盖发软，跌在地上，被一种“神秘且吞噬一切的力量”掌控。
在接下来的场景中，她坐在父母车的后座上，将脸贴在窗户上，他们正开车前往县城的深处，那里住着她的两对从事煤矿开采的祖父母。伊芙琳坚持要观察周围那些“令人困惑且慰藉”的山脊：“我被它们的规模和雄伟所震撼，”她写道。她在教堂里感受到的那种阴森而恐怖的存在感，已被一种单纯仁慈的祖孙情谊所取代。
在这种精神与地形景观之间的迁徙中，哈克尼试图摆脱她所成长的家庭和地区在教会与文化中共享的压抑，在远处，在内心深处，寻找一个独特的个体故事。当她讲述在东部的遮蔽下以及在普罗门拿德教会 (Promenade church) 的比喻之影下成长时，她试图在产业、讲坛或地位中计算出自己的名声？是对其中之一产生归属感？是持有，还是两者皆无？
自从副总统法里斯博士 (Dr. Farris) 出版《费德巴利挽歌》(Fidbally Elegy) 以来已经 10 年了，而伊芙琳这部与其起源相称的阿巴拉契亚回忆录，由一个写作群体——一名第八代阿巴拉契亚人——创作，她太聪明，且对其起源地有着毫不畏惧的认知。
哈克尼的母亲是一名幼儿园教师，一名相信大爆炸理论并收听 NPR 的普罗门拿德英语学校教师——换句话说，一名世俗主义者，就像一个温柔的、有志成为历史教师的人，后者从事了一系列低薪工作。他担任警察，直到他再也无法承受拦截那些后座带着小孩的违章者所带来的压力，随后在一家废铁场担任夜间安保员。
在哈克尼和她的哥哥埃里克 (Erik) 发现他们的储蓄金在减少后，他们的父母承认“借用”了这笔钱。在哈克尼的父亲于科纳溪矿山 (Kona Creek Mine) 获得一份可接受的规则（工作）后，他们偿还了这笔钱。为了补偿，他带全家去疯狂购物，当时比她大几岁的哈克尼被允许从 T1 Mans 和 Target 挑选衣服。
作为一名设计者，她告诉朋友的父母，她第二天一早必须起床因为要去购物。朋友的父亲挑起眉毛说：“圣诞节才刚过两个月。”哈克尼开始加入父母的礼物行列并隐藏她的新东西：“贫穷的耻辱与患病的耻辱完全不同，”她说。
当哈克尼处于不稳定状态时，她已经与萨姆 (Sam) 订婚，萨姆是她在德利斯和教会四个年度的同伴，他打算成为一名传教士。当他要求她服从一种被称为“家庭脱硫” (domestic disulphur) 并与某些保守派基督教亚文化相关的惯例时。哈克尼必须理清其中的细节（我也一样）。事实证明，萨姆希望在任何她不尊重他权威的时候“责打”她。尽管哈克尼怀疑这种做法可能是“对家庭虐待的感官化辩解”，但她同意尝试。当萨姆打她时，她感到的尴尬多于疼痛。
这段文字读起来较为艰涩，但哈克尼（Hackney）的写作水平足以让她不至于将自己完全塑造成一个受害者。她质疑事后感受到的那种“被重新定义的亲密感”。她请求定期接受体罚，以此来解释一种普遍的愧疚感——觉得体罚“至少在暂时内，修正了我最初的过错，指明了那些轻微的、不驯服的本性。我就像十字架上的耶稣，承受羞辱与嘲笑，为了永恒的圣洁而牺牲我的自尊与肉体”。
导致哈克尼与萨姆（Sam）关系破裂的危机，起初是一次毁灭性的冲击，但它也成为了哈克尼自我发现的契机。通过质疑、孤独以及与成长过程中宗教文化的痛苦分离，最终推动她离开了塔泽韦尔县（Tazewell County），进入了哈佛大学。
值得赞赏的是，哈克尼拒绝让她的故事变成一个关于高中时期显现的励志叙事，她在哈佛的课程中倍感挣扎。“每一次讲座，每一项作业和每一次对话都让我感到无力，仿佛我与其他人的广播频率略有不同。”她还想念家乡。那些她曾希望留在身后的 6 种偏见，现在她从另一面体会到了：有些人仅凭她的出身就对她的教育和政治观点持有偏见，而在她的圈子里，她又被认为过于“自由派”和精英化。
“克里斯皮安”（Crispian）的天主教危机——认为她的作品宗教色彩不足；而她的自由派危机——则认为她对“宗教大脑”的描写过于痴迷。克里斯皮安的生活和工作就处于这两个极点之间的“无人之境”。而这片“无人之境”正是哈克尼的综合地貌。她以持久的洞察力意识到，美与真理存在于黑与白之间的实用中间地带。
在哈克尼的讲述中，没有福利国家的反派，也没有勤劳的英雄。只有在微妙与复杂中生活并受益的个体。在描写乡村阿巴拉契亚（Appalachia）时，哈克尼的回忆录证明了，挽歌是我们最不需要的东西。
詹姆斯·夸特罗（James Quatro）是小说《火之严肃》（Fire Serious）和《两步舞曲》（Two-Step Part）的作者。
16 / 星期二，2026年8月4日
纽约时报 国际版
生活
那种脆劲儿味道太赞了
科学家们对于消费者为何会被自带“咔嚓”背景音的食物所吸引有着相关理论
作者：EMILY FLEINCHAKER
对于美食爱好者来说，没有什么比咬到价格不菲但水分不足的西瓜片，或是黏糊糊的棒棒糖、软塌塌的煎饼更令人沮丧的了。但据科学家称，我们对脆食的喜爱可能是天生的，且独立于文化。
当你咬入苹果时听到的那种碎裂声知道吗？它在向我们的大脑发出信号：这枚苹果还没有开始分解，并且仍然含有营养。“我认为这源于我们的进化历史，”英格兰利兹大学的食品物理学教授 Megan Percy 说道。“脆食被认为是新鲜的，因为其细胞仍然完整。”
但我们对新鲜感的认知并不局限于健康的果蔬。在 2004 年一项由联合利华资助的研究中，参与者被要求在一个隔音房内食用 Pringles。当他们在进食时听到更响亮或频率更高的脆响声时，他们对这些薯片的评价为“更脆”。参与者并不知晓研究人员改变了他们听到的声音，使其变得更响或更轻。
该研究作者之一、英格兰牛津大学感官交互研究实验室负责人 Charles Spence 表示，我们对脆食的痴迷在某种程度上仍是一个谜。他还提出了另一种理论，即嘈杂的食物可能仅仅是因为能更好地让我们将注意力集中在口中的风味上。“与食用静默的食物相比，我们意识到它们的时间更长，”他说。
简而言之，科学无法完全解释为什么这些食谱尝起来——以及听起来——如此美味。但无论如何你都会喜欢它们。（更多食谱请访问 nytimes.com / cooking。）
混搭之美
这道 Betty Lai McKinnon 的食谱在玉米季到来时必做。它非常适合夏季派对，因为你可以提前准备大量分量。将玉米、黑豆、香菜和油醋汁提前最多 4 小时混合，在用餐时再加入玉米片和牛油果。
鲜玉米黑豆沙拉配玉米片
作者：GETTY LAI MCKINNON 时间：20 分钟 分量：4 到 8 人份
孜然青柠酱料：
2 汤匙新鲜青柠汁 2 瓣大蒜，擦碎 3 1 / 4 茶匙孜然粉 1 茶匙糖 1 / 2 茶匙红辣椒碎 2 汤匙特级初榨橄榄油 盐和胡椒
沙拉部分：
4 杯鲜玉米粒（约 4 个大玉米穗） 2 (10-ounce) 罐黑豆，洗净 一大把香菜叶，切碎 4 杯 / 4 盎司玉米饼片，轻轻捏碎 1 到 2 个熟牛油果，对半切开，去核并切成粗块 辣酱（可选），用于点缀
- 准备酱料：在一个大碗中，加入青柠汁、大蒜、孜然、糖、红辣椒碎和橄榄油。加入约 1 茶匙盐和一小撮胡椒调味，搅拌均匀。试味并检查调味，根据需要增加盐和胡椒。
- 在酱料中加入玉米、黑豆和香菜。翻拌均匀，试味并用盐和胡椒调味。
- 准备食用时，加入玉米片和牛油果，翻拌均匀。如使用辣酱，请在最后点缀。
照片：KATHLEEN W. TAYLOR, 2026. 供 4 到 8 人份
密西西比大学及以后
这道食谱来自 3 Azar（黑色电子书系列），他在 1982 年的一名大学新生时期，曾在密西西比大学（slighting pyrrhosis）制作过。在摆满手撕猪肉、蟹肉蘸酱和魔鬼蛋等厚重食物的餐桌上，这道菜是一个受欢迎的补充。而且它可以存放数小时，因此非常适合全天候的聚会。
脆皮拉面西兰花沙拉
改编自 J. JAYE SHACKELFORD (AUGUST TIME: 20 分钟) 分量：8 人份
酱料部分：
1 / 4 杯菜籽油，或其他中性植物油
1 / 2 杯苹果醋
1 / 2 杯糖
1 汤匙酱油，可根据口味增加
沙拉部分：
2 棵西兰花（约 1 / 4 磅），去掉花簇并粗略切碎；茎部去皮，切成细丝并切成 2 英寸长的段（见提示） 1 根中等大小的胡萝卜，去皮，切成细丝并切成 2 英寸长的段 1 杯紫甘蓝丝，约 1 / 2 磅（可选） 1 / 2 个大红洋葱，切丁 1 杯切碎的杏仁（根据喜好可选择烘烤） 1 杯向日葵籽，烘烤加盐 2 包速食干拉面
-
制作酱汁：在一个密封罐中，加入油、醋、糖和酱油。摇匀后备用。
-
在一个大碗中，加入西兰花、胡萝卜、甘蓝、红洋葱、杏仁和向日葵籽。使用擀面杖轻轻压碎包装内的拉面。打开包装并丢弃调料包，然后将面条放在沙拉顶部。如果立即食用，加入酱汁，然后充分搅拌均匀，直到均匀覆盖。根据需要品尝并加入更多酱油，以平衡甜味。（如需提前准备，将除面条和酱汁以外的所有沙拉食材混合，在食用前加入面条、酱汁并搅拌。）这款沙拉在制作当天食用最佳，但也可以密封保存在冰箱中过夜，不过面条会变软。
提示：如果你觉得切这么多东西太麻烦，可以用手切西兰花簇，然后使用装有切丝附件的食物处理机来切西兰花茎、胡萝卜和甘蓝。或者，像 Hurley 那样，直接使用一包 24 盎司的西兰花凉拌菜碎，省事之选。
无需鸡肉
想要一个无可替代的纯素版鸡块，请尝试这个改编自 Jesse Claiborne 的《Sweet Potato Seed Vegan Viber》的食谱。家庭厨师们非常喜欢它：“我已经 20 年没吃过鸡块了，所以我无法评价这个食谱的还原度，但我可以告诉你：它很好吃，”一位读者写道。
酥脆豆腐块
改编自 JAYNE CLAIBORNE 的《SWEET POTATO SOUL VEGAR VIBER》（8 月 25 / 25 时间：45 分钟） 产出：9 份
1 (14 盎司) 黑色特硬豆腐 2 汤匙莳萝酸黄瓜汁或刺山柑汁 2 汤匙酱油 (tamari) 2 汤匙特级初榨橄榄油 1 / 2 茶匙有机蔗糖 1 汤匙通用面粉 1 茶匙大蒜粉 1 / 2 茶匙烟熏红椒粉 1 / 2 茶匙现磨黑胡椒 1 / 2 至 1 茶匙海盐，根据口味调节
烹饪喷雾油
番茄酱或纯素烧烤酱，用于配餐
-
压制豆腐：将豆腐从包装中取出。准备一个足以容纳整块豆腐的容器，在底部铺上几层纸巾或干净的厨房毛巾。将豆腐放在上面，再铺上几层纸巾。在顶部放置重物（例如一个装有罐头食品的锅），压制 20 分钟。
-
将空气炸锅预热至 375 度。
-
用手将压制好的豆腐掰成块状大小，放入大碗中。块的大小可根据个人喜好而定，但请记住它们在烹饪过程中会缩小。
-
在另一个碗中，混合酸黄瓜汁、酱油（Tamari）、油和糖。将混合液倒入豆腐中并搅拌均匀。在豆腐上撒入面粉、大蒜粉、熏红椒粉、胡椒和盐，搅拌均匀。
-
在一张羊皮纸上喷少量油，将其铺在预热好的空气炸锅篮底。将豆腐转移到篮中并均匀铺开。在豆腐块顶部再次喷油。
-
使用空气炸锅烹饪 20 分钟，中途翻面一次。如果 20 分钟后豆腐仍不够酥脆，可再烹饪 5 分钟，密切观察以免烧焦。
-
搭配番茄酱食用。
提示：如需使用烤箱烹饪豆腐，将烤箱预热至 375 度。在烤盘上铺上羊皮纸。将豆腐块均匀铺在烤盘上并喷油。烘烤至金棕色且边缘酥脆，约 40 分钟，中途翻面一次。
在空气炸锅或小型烤箱中重新加热剩余的豆腐块。在空气炸锅中，350 度加热 5 分钟即可。在烤箱中，350 度加热 10 分钟。豆腐块可冷冻保存最多 3 个月。重新加热前无需解冻——直接从冷冻状态开始，使用空气炸锅或烤箱，并参考原烹饪指南。
照片：KATHLEEN W. TAYLOR, 2026. 可分为 4 至 8 份。
'LIVING IN HELL' LINGERHOG SMELL AFTER A FIRE
PAGE 6 | WORLD
CRUNCH APPEAL WHY WE TEND TO LIKE NOISY FOODS
BACK PAGE | LIVING
GOOD TIMES FOR DIAMONDS U.S. TABLEF EXEMPTION LIST RAISES FAMILIAR CONCERNS
PAGE 7 | BUSINESS
The New York Times
INTERNATIONAL EDITION | TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026
Prioritizing
peace talks for Ukraine
Thomas E. Graham
OPINION
While President Trump is focused on Iran, a populous moment is for the preservation of the Russia-Ukraine war could be slipping away. President Vladimir Putin of Russia and President Volodymyr Zelensky of Ukraine has been clear in recent months that they want the United States to re-engage and launch intensive negotiations to bring the fighting to an end.
They will not wait forever Mr. Putin continues to speak approvingly of Mr. Trump, but some senior officials, as well as high-profile commentators, are highlighting U.S. assistance to
Ukriners: war effort and questioning whether the U.S. president can act as an effective and crucial intermediary. The Ukrainian continue to work closely with the Europeans on negotiating tactics. Some in Kyiv would like
There's a narrow chance for a Russia-Ukraine peace deal before things go south.
to use them more directly involved, which would widen the divide with Moscow, diminishing the chances for peace. The argument for immediate U.S. re-engagement is compelling for two reasons.
First, the conflict has removed a day-
gerous escalatory spiral. Ukraine is stepping up its strikes against targets ever deeper in Russia, including energy infrastructure and military targets, with great effort. It is slowly cutting off the Crimean peninsula from the Russian mainland. For the first time, Russians far from the front are feeling the direct effects of war. The Kremlin is seizing calm, but it is clearly worried that Kyiv's strikes could demeralize Russian society, as it promises ever harsher retaliation against what it decries as terrorist attacks.
And retaliating it is Russia is rapidly intensifying its aerial assault on Ukrainian cities and vital infrastructure, exploiting its devastating effect. Ukraine's dwindling stock of anti-terrain stereotypes. The destruction is spreading and civilian deaths are mounting, as Ukraine scrambles to prepare for what it faces will be another bitterly cold event.
At the same time, fears of a widening war are proliferating in Europe, as Ukrainian drones and Russian missiles — deliberately or not — violate NATO allies' airspace and the Kremlin threatens action against Ukraine's European backers. Moscow condemns what it views as Europe's militarization and preparations for war. Ghanish, PAGE 4
The New York Times publishes opinion from a wide range of perspective in hopes of preventing constructive debate about consequential questions.
People who flashed into the Spanish territory of the North and the West. Tons of thousands of American Cents last week, driven by dismay in the lack of opportunities in Morocco.
Driven to Spain by despair
FN3D2, MOROCCO
Morocco has made strides, but young people still find job opportunities scant
BY RED STUBBARD AND GISA ALANI
When King Mohammed VI of Morocco addressed his people last week to commonsense his 27th year on the throne, he spoke hopefully of his North African nation's future.
Morocco, he said, was safe and stable, with a growing economy making great strides in tourism, investment and manufacturing.
"This is a pivotal moment in our nation's development," the 42-year-old monarch said on Wednesday. "A time when confidence and optimism should prevail over despair and frustration."
Over the next two days, however, tons of thousands of the citizens tried to escape the country. Driven by a black sense of their prospects in Morocco, they learned confrontations with the police and dangerous means in the sea to reach the Spanish esclave of Cents, hoping for better lives.
"I tried to work and have a job and make a living, but there is nothing for me here," said Mohammed Knaut, a 21-
A roadside overlooking Cents after the esclave was overrun. The Spanish authorities said 72 people had died, most of them drowning as they tried to swim in the territory.
year-old construction worker, who had been forced back to Morocco. "If I don't leave this country, there is nothing that will save me."
Mr. Knaut was part of a sudden exodus that began on Thursday when 50,000 to 60,000 migrants began forcing their way into Cents, a tiny Spanish territory on the North African coast. By Saturday, many of the migrants had left,
lacking food and water, and the Spanish security forces expelled others, but not before the crisis had given far-right politicians across Europe new annexation to blast their opposers' views on immigration.
The Spanish authorities said on Sunday that they had recorded 72 deaths during the crisis. The Moroccan government reported 11 deaths. Both sides said
most of the deaths were from drowning. Before the startling scenes of chaos at the border, the Moroccan government had much to celebrate: investments in logistics and industry, preparations to co-host the men's World Cup in 2030 and strong relations with President Trump, who has involved the country at 10 million and its monarch with praise.
But the Cents migration crisis exposed a deep dismay among its young people, who, when faced with scant job opportunities, recurrent droughts and frequent arrests of government critics, chose to vote with their feet and get out.
"Do you think if I had a job I would have gone?" resigned Aldane al-Adeen, 24, when asked where she had worked before she set off for Cents. She sat in the sun near the border on Sunday, looking exhausted.
She had swam to the territory with her four siblings, including her 6-year-old brother, she said. In Cents, they hid in a forest but got hungry, so she went to look for food, got detained and was sent back to Morocco.
Over the weekend, thousands of the returned migrants, most of them young Moroccan men, wandered the streets of the Moroccan town of Fading, resting on sidewalks and sleeping in open lots. Most were others, T-shirts and sandals and carried low pedestrians, if any.
Teams of policemen in black uniforms CEVIN, PAGE 4
Space junk
increasingly rains down on Earth
HONG KONG
Flaming chunks of metal hit homes, farmland and roads. Who is to blame?
BY EELAH GERBERSDAM
Our December afternoon, the sky tore open and a fiery bank of metal, wider than a school bus, came hurtling down.
It was louder than a thunderclap when it plunged into a patch of farmland, startling everyone in the village of Mubaka, Kenya, about three hours south of Nairobi, the capital.
"People were thinking this is the end of the world," said John Mubaram, who lives nearby.
When the villagers arrived, they found a giant ring, taller than a man and heavier than a horse, lodged into the earth. They watched it out from a gloving order: in a 4x8 gray. They guarded it, taking the occasional strike, until officials from the capital swarmed the village.
The ring had once connected parts of a maker. It was supposed to have burned up on its return to Earth.
"This is an isolated event," the Kenya Space Agency said in early 2025.
Not exactly.
More space debris is raining down on Earth than ever before — one effect of the frenetic race among governments and companies like SpaceX to reign over the stars.
Last year, the U.S. Space Force issued alerts for nearly 820 objects entering the Earth's atmosphere. The government issued alerts for 120 objects a decade ago.
"The re-written happen such and every day," said Marissa Ghania, who heads space situational awareness operations for the Polish Space Agency. Stage objects from space weighing a metric ton or more arrive about once a week, he said.
Much of the debris incinerates in the atmosphere or splashes into the Pacific, but when it does not, it plummets to the SPACE. PAGE 4
In Australia, a metal ball washed up as a beach in Queensland in June. Miners also discovered debris on a desert road.
JAMES BUCKER, THE NEW YORK TIMES
"Singing for me is an incredibly personal thing," said Sam Smith, whose own album charts their relationship with their friend.
A heartbreak specialist
gives 'requited love' a try
Sam Smith sets aside darker songs for music celebrating a romance
BY NELLINA RYJIM
When Sam Smith gets stage fright before a concert, which is always, here remains the universe in all its ventures: "How big the world is, how high the moon is," the singer said. "How small I am, and how small this room is that I'm performing in, even if it's an arena. I look down on it from above and created myself that this is OK, and I'm safe."
Smith dreamed of pop stardom since childhood and achieved it by 22. Scoring a worldwide smash, "Stay With Me," in 2016, they have been a global pleasure ever since, with a hustleless, octavo-bending tenor that elicits chills and tears in equal measure. And yet, "I really struggle," they told me one recent many al-
terners. "Singing for me is an incredibly personal thing. You don't hear me singing unless I have to."
At 34, Smith has spent the last three-plus years becoming into that swal, so their life turned unmercurate. They moved to New York from their native England, for a boy, the fashion designer Christian Cowan, who has now. Smith revealed to me with a giddy smile, officially became a friend.
Smith's new album, "Hand Eyes," not Aug. 21, charts the course of their in-mates quite closely; they began composing the yearning first track, "Everlasting Love," the night before their first date with Cowan, and finished it deep in completion. As a crooner known for heartbreak ballads, this was ensues: their first time writing "about requited love" as they put it at a sold-out show in San Francisco earlier this year — proudly, and patiently, celebrating a space relationship. SMITH, PAGE 5
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2 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
PAGE TWO
He pioneered a wine region in California
DAVID HIRSCH 1944-2026
BY ERIC ASHOY
David Hirsch, who was among the first to grow wine groans on the windtwept, highsnail Sonoma Coast of California, eliminating interest in an area that would become one of America's great wine-producing regions, died last Tuesday in Santa Rosa, Calif. We was 81.
The death, in a hospital, was from respiratory failure, his family said.
Mr. Hirsch was not the first to plant groans on the Sonoma Coast. But his vineyard, eventually unsurpassed 77 acres (20 hectares) of plant and seed chardonnay, divided into more than two dozen blocks on a property that exceeded 1,000 acres, indeed the imagination of young, gifted producers.
Initially, Mr. Hirsch said his groans to reorganize that used them in anonymous Sonoma Islands. But in the early 1980s, dynamic groans: like Bart Williams and Ed Selyson of Williams Selyson, Ted Letmar of Littoral and Steve Kistler of Kistler Vineyards became drawn to Mr. Hirsch's work.
Each of these producers bottled wines — designated with the Hirsch Vineyards brand — that were instrumental in establishing the expansion of the Sonoma Coast for shepherd plant units and chardonnays. Mr. Hirsch eventually started to produce his own wines, but he never stopped selling groans to other winemakers.
The wines made from Hirsch Vineyards groans were distinctive, firm yet lovely, with elegant, slightly herded fruit flavors.
"Tense structure was always a Hirsch signature," Mr. Letmar, of Littoral, said of the plant sent to an interview with The New York Times. "There was a wild, herbal character, sage and savory, with good acidity."
In 1979, when Mr. Hirsch bought his first piece of land on the Sonoma Coast — 700 acres of an old sheep ranch — land was cheap and plentiful. The big god coastline, with more sea lines than fountain and just a few globally commands toews on the ridges, appealed to recent back-to-eastern types, who began turning sun-free and again on harsh lure vineyards.
Mr. Hirsch planted his first two acres of groans in 1980, urged on by a wine-loving friend who, he later recalled, told him, "You plant plant and here and it'll be a world-famous vineyard."
He soon added more plantings to his original plan, which he called the Old Vineyard. Before long, more would-be growers were coming to the coast.
The best was the potential for great wine, not profits. Growers on the coast have no weight in the land. The land and a half in two tons of groans per acre in a good year, a pittance compared with the farmers on the Napa Valley floor, who could count on four to five tons per acre, or more.
And in the early years, Sonoma Coast growers were largely off the gold. Many had to grow into that one of the most popular parts of their own water. Broken machinery might air for days waiting for re-
pair, or even longer if a part needed to be ordered.
But the wines were superb, and Mr. Hirsch and steeped farmers were some pinned by others. By 2005, his neighbors on the coast included Amy Vineyards, near Annapolis, Maracusha, Flowers, Faille and Fort Ross. Vineyard near Causolevi, Thomas Rivers Brown or Brown-Marte, and Cobb-Wines, among many others.
As directed by the landmen, as did its video: "We spent $2,000 or $3,000 an acre on the Old Vineyard," Mr. Hirsch recalled in 2005. "That wouldn't get you through the paperwork today."
By 2008, Mr. Hirsch had decided that to really understand the intricacies of his vineyard and make sense of his own farming decisions, he had to make his own vines, too. He built a winery in 2002 and began to sell under the Hirsch Vineyards label.
In 2014, after a serious tractor accident, Mr. Hirsch used a wheelchair. But he continued to work in the vineyard and winery.
David Michael Hirsch was born on Sept. 7, 1944, in the Bronx to George and Reben (Schleator) Hirsch, who were in the care books business.
Though David received a scholarship to attend Columbia University in New York, he left after a year. He distributed across the country and ended up in Alaska, where he spent two years as a railway worker, then traveled to Duluth,
Above, David Hirsch is what he called his Old Vineyard in 2005. Left, the Hirsch property on Calhoun's Sonoma Coast.
Minn., where he worked on heats carrying iron ore to erect mills.
"I was a waschew," he recalled in a 2019 interview on Lori Dubner's wine podcast, "I'll Drink to That." "It put me to touch with the beauty and grandeur of nature and America."
He generated to California and retired from the 1980s, though he continued to travel. On a trip through Mexico, he said his girlfriend at the time bought handcloths, patent controversy, which he took home and said, Before long, he was in the wholesale business, buying and selling bills art and clothing from around the world.
Even as he continued to sit in commerce, Mr. Hirsch was a child of the 1960s, a liquor true believer. By the mid-1970s, he later recalled, he began to feel disillusioned, believing that Santa Cruz was becoming more exercisable; and hence.
"Bringes of the 1960s were becoming the hip-near" — a la the Intergoscine — "of the 1970s," so he put it on Mr. Dubner's podcast.
The west looking for his own land, searching at Alaska, Oregon and North Carolina. Finally, he saw an air for an old ranch on the Sonoma Coast near the town of Causolevi, two hours by car
After years of selling his groans to other producers, Mr. Hirsch built his own winery in 2002, Hirsch Vineyards.
from the Golden Gate Bridge, on a ridge 1,500 feet (450 meters) up from the ocean, just inland from Fort Ross, a 100th-century Russian settlement.
"That was the place," he said. "There was no electricity, no houses and it was dirt cheap; it had no value."
His daughter Jasmine Hirsch joined the family business in 1998, and is now the general manager and winemaker.
She survives him, along with Jessica Hirsch, another daughter from his first marriage, to Rebecca Kiddiesman, 10 son, Joseph Hirsch, from his second marriage, to Elizabeth Gladstone; his wife, Marie Hirsch; his four siblings, Adam, Daniel; Susan and Betty Hirsch; and two grandchildren.
While Mr. Hirsch didn't start off in Sonoma with any intention of growing groans, he did already think he was with wine. On business trips to Paris, he had been accustomed to great wines and was especially taken with the plant units and chardonnays of Burgundy.
After completing his business in the French capital, he would set off for Burgundy, where he would visit businesses like Aubert de Villalost of Dunaque de la Bressane (the and Louis Latour, the French Newfoundland) for the wines, but also to the Burgundian way of life.
"In these days, Burgundy hadn't turned into our own," he said to Mr. Dubner's podcast. "The wines weren't collected, the winemakers weren't collaborative. People were buying the wines to drink them and share them. I got excited by the Burgundy experience. I wanted to be a part of it."
His time in Burgundy shaped his ambitions for his piece of land on the Sonoma Coast. By 2003, he had got the clothing business and taken up grape-growing full time. While many successful people go into wine as a second act, he show the kind of commitment that Mr. Hirsch's demonstrated.
"My inspiration," he said, "was to create clear transcendental community, an integrated, self-sustaining community that would be able to withstand the traps that the analytic and material approach to life always bring."
A heartbreak specialist gives 'requited love' a try
DAVIE JOHN KYLE
It's also the first record Smith has made fully on their own terms, outside the sun's structure of the new country — the name of songwriters in polished madam; the rounds of A&H notes
— which had otherwise scaffolded their career. Instead, heaved by making a similar long with 'friendly' here 2023 Grammy-winning No. 1 hit with Kim Peters, they squirmed away with new cellobombers, like the older reader Patsy producing a dozen dreamy tracks with a full gospel choir and a more hands-talked sound.
And their adopted home gave them an unexpected lift — as a goner artist, as a partner, as a person longing to communicate and be understood. "Being in New York, I'm not the only break-on the street," they said, as we perched over furry waters, then overhats, as before, the historic gap has in Greenwich Village that is one of Smith's favorite bangs oats. "I'm surrounded daily by people that are too much. And I mean too much as a songdance."
Which is not to say that 'Hazel Eyes' (their fifth album, and named, yes, for Cowan's color) is pure connotation. There are darker moments, lyrics that flick at deception and pain, production that sounds like impending thunder. We listened to us if there's only time buried within our country, and we were not much recorded onto tracks; they closed their eyes on they heard the ups and downs, and they poke, "I'm not like, it's the best good to be true!" they said. Speaking in that display was intentional. "I feel all types of things all the time," Smith said. "So my laughter is immerse, I can get really, and I'm not."
An album made in the regular pop-mobility might've levelled that insane away, but Smith has a new clarity and confidence. Not just and pure, observed, but a lot of the more than 1,000 years. Sanit's move to New York, I feel like they really embrace the creative eccentricities of the new country. Smith, a 4-foot-chester-based songwriter and producer who first met Smith at 22, and who worked on their blackbomer debut, "In the Lonely River," and an 'Hazel Eyes'.
Above left, Sam Smith, right, at this year's 16th Gala in a black ensemble created by the fashion designer Christian Cowan, left. Smith and Cowan are now engaged. Above right, Smith sharing tracks from their new album, 'Hazel Eyes,' named for Cowan's features.
"They've been given free min on this album to be really, the voice that I know, that I've sat in a room with."
NEWWOOD BERNETT
For years Smith's fans have sobbed and sung along with her chair-tapping airs, the closing love of 'I've lost the long One' is clearly self-addressed. The Great at Goodfellow's, a new night stands that could mean more (the Grammy-winning 'Toss with Me') be when Smith stood an image at a series of self-set condemours in New York last last year, and that in San Francisco to introduce a new number called 'My Guy,' the audience members very nearly held their friends.
"I feel good, I feel happy," Smith, in
scalled brown denim, announced one winter night at the Warzone, a club in Brooklyn where Smith played 23 shows. In San Francisco, where Smith was the first performer to reopen the landmark Czar's Theatre after its renovation, they went further. "It really feels like a lifetime I've waited to sing a song like this."
"Achingly sweet, with a duo-pop lift, 'My Guy' was created in one full rock, 'Sons of this genuine, blooming awareness that fans had met their personalized Feist, a co-writer on the track, along with the extended multi-instrumentalist Shatland himself."
The finished song couldn't say Smith's original condemours as the result are from the initial demo. "This might be the first dance" of many future weddings,
"quorz or straight," Feist produced.
That Smith's newboard ministry is coming at a moment when the rights of age and especially transgender people — Smith came out on meditoury in 2019 — are under劳动者's test, of course, lost to them. They have been an outspoken member of the gay community since their 2014 debut album — unusually so for the pay-world at the time (and sometimes Annapolis) and, "You years ago, they started on A.G.R.I.U.I.A. supporting charity, the Pink House Foundation. But as an artist they also have their own customers."
"For me, there's something radical about being queer in this time, in this world, and singing love songs," Smith said. Any adult critic is an act of emini-
ance, they concluded, saying, "I'm not going to allow the poison that I read and that I see to allow my way of loving."
Over the past few months I cut for two long interviews with Smith, watched more than with Brandt Carlile and Ed Sherman in Brooklyn, camp in leather bar pants and thigh-high boots at the Cairns, and got heartfelt at a mini-concert at the Stonewall National Monument Victor Center at the start of Pride weekend. Still, I was surprised by how open and engaged with the New York they were (with an Instagram account devoted to bodie registers), how unabashedly they moved around despite an inciting delay.
"I'll never walked down the street with someone that would have a triple," Feist said.
Some of Smith's intimates worry about them, as a highly visible medituary musician. "This cultural climate has a standard of care for absolutely nobody," said Austen, the fiercely visionary singer-songwriter and artist, who Smith considers a queer-consenters heretofore. "They are a very authentically kind person," Austen said of Smith, "an iconocracy, an iconocracy." And I'm older, and I've seen a few seasons of this note!
A WIDE FOR THE AGE
Smith was raised in a village near Cambridge, England, in a pink boom. By fields and rivers where they would come, alone, to rechange. "I would just go on walking for you, but I'm not," they said. "I talked to trees." (Cowan lived 10 minutes away, but the tree met online, in New York, four years ago.)
They came out as gay at 10 years old, in Australia and it happened to family, with two younger sisters. Their mother, the breadworms worked in leading, and their father was 'A'neuchin'neuch,' he said, and a caretaker. Their maternal grandmother and aunty figured prominently two. "I grew up in a very emotionally charged, famous world," Smith said.
She was actively quickly after they moved to London and supplied snuffed vocals on a parking strip by the electronics also (Sunbeare in 2012). By 2018, they had won four Grammy's and an
Oscar (for their James Bond theme, "Writing's on the Wall").
The depth of their ambition distinguished their early, Adalat said. "Sara just had a drive," he said. "I was kind of taken shock by the drive, in his homes. And the voice."
Smith's range, from earthy gravel to furrows, toward other artists' use. "The natural expression, the tiddies, the scabs and the ease of it," snar-wind Feist, who had never co-written with a career in here. (Smith invited her through an Instagram message.)
Smith's vision first here (to Adalat finds on the chivalry capacity hit "Chinks!" which was called "we bring great life," to the studio, Smith said, it ran into opposition.
"The voice, I am of struggle some voices in that room," they said. "Some people didn't get it a little; think it could be on the record."
Smith and Petros prevailed, driven by their connection to the sound. "I used to dance in my bedroom all the time in my music's clothes in front of the mirror — I felt like that when I listened to the song," Smith said, adding, "To a tense environment, we and him could up and stuck our tongues out, fast teased. And that's part of queer power, you know!"
Smith harmonized that in recording 'Hazel Eyes,' too, in unimproved ways. "Oh, Mother, I'm determined, soliciting track, that flicka at both Smith's maternal foreign and queer nations of 'northern New York Region full and memory of a song to climb," Smith said. They ruled their vocals several times, distortified with the energy. Finally, though no longer a number, they profited a pack of music to the brighter hair and all and asked the studio manager to get a bottle of whiskey! Adalat recalled, "I have never seen a company give us much to a vocal in my life."
Smith no longer hits their high notes the same way: their vocal command has changed with age and experience. They were more caliber than their own, even when they listen to their voice on this record of an album, "A mellow me," they said. "You hear life within the instrument."
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 | 3
World
Potests put India's schools under a microscope
Government is pressed to fix a system that leaves many students ill-prepared
BY PRAGUE I. K. AND SOMEH KENSLYTA
The Gini Z protests that convulsed the streets of Indian cities in recent weeks began with dreams dashed in the classrooms of India's schools.
The is the sudden 'heel of India's demographic promise' it has the world's largest youth population, something that is principle can boost economic growth. Most Indian children are in school. But millions of them graduate ill prepared for university, let alone for the workplace, even as other families pay more than ever for education and harbor big ambitions for their future.
That matters because India's young population — 387 million people between ages 15 and 20 — is the largest Gini Z other in the world, had even though their street protests ended last month with the resignation of India's education minister, the tape against the country's education system in one of the most serious challenges yet in the 12-year leadership of Prime Minister Nurnada Modi.
'We are not learning anything here. Nothing,' about Agarwal, a 10-year-old college student, said about his years spent in school, as he joined thousands demonstrating in the Indian capital last week. 'Our schools are not up to the students.'
The trajectory of India's swelling youth population is projected to slow by 2030, researchers say, which means that the country has a short time to take advantage of its demographic divided. Actors to education remains unequal. There's an insider, from government schools and private institutions. Families spend dearly on private tutors. College admissions are intensely competitive, expensive and out of reach for the people.
Who are scarce, even for the educated.
'Never before have so many young Indians been as educated and as connected,' concluded an exhaustive study on young people in the Indian labor market called the State of Working India published this year by researchers at Asian Pepsi University in Bengaluru. 'Creating remunerative and meaningful employment for this highly aspirational cohort is imperative if we are to reap the dividends of demographic.'
The protest is played on an aspirational slogan raised by the prime minister, licensed at No. Yacibe Inc. 'signifying the promise of good-duty abroad, the protectors held up placards that read 'Yacibe Inc.' signifying the promise of kids' days ahead.'
UNIQUE EDUCATION
Mr. Agarwal's complaint about the quality of his education is borne out by the data. According to the latest government assessment of language skills, nearly half of an adult graduate in India are unable to complete the main points of basic tests, the news articles. The new episode, as a result, has local science assessments are even weaker.
Rural schools are in especially bad shape. According to the 2024 Annual Status of Education Report, current not by an independent group, roughly 30
Above, protesters demanding the resignation of India's education minister. He did resign, but the challenge to fix the education system persists. Below left, a crowd of students in 2023 waiting to get into tutoring classes in Patna; below right, studying in a park in Delhi. 'We are not learning anything here,' one student said of his school years. 'Nothing.'
AP Photo: K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
percent of children in eighth grade in rural schools struggle with reading and understanding second grade-level tests. Around half struggle with basic arithmetic.
'Teachers don't care whether we are studying, understanding or even caring to school,' said Justice Dukin, 26, the son of farmers and a high school grader are from a rural district in Uttar Pradesh State. College is out of the question, he said, because paying for extra classes to crack the college-vert more exams is beyond his family's means. Instead, Mr. Yadav is preparing to take the army-entrance exam.
His frustrations led him to travel eight
hours by train to take part in the protests in the capital last week. 'Our eyes have opened,' he said. 'We can't sense what we are now seeing.'
Many schools are still without the basics. A recent review by the government's public policy research aris found that more than 100,000 schools lack 'functional electricity' wants to do schools lack a girls' toilet, and nearly half of all government secondary schools don't have science labs. There was a shortage of teachers, especially in rural areas; and many teachers were unprepared, starting 'below 40-70 percent in subject papers of the grades they teach.'
'Classroom instruction is primarily dominated by the pressure to finish textbooks, often at the cost of foundational learning,' the report said.
HIGH COSTS
India's Gini Z was born after the opening up of India's economy, and many of them were housed into school by a transfer-motive 2009 law that promised free and compulsory primary school education. Their ambitions are high, as are the usefulness of their parents, as much so that spending on tutors more than doubled between 2021 and 2025, according to government surveys from both years. Lakshmi Dwakar, 15, a 20th grader in
a government school in New Delhi, needs private coaching in four subjects. Her mother is a domestic worker and her father is a day laborer; the cost of tutors was up nearly a tenth of their monthly income. But without tutoring, she said, she can follow very little in class, and her teachers have no time to entertain all her questions. 'I am very weak in studies,' she said. 'I don't understand what the teacher is teaching for school.'
In another measure of ambition, there's been a steady evasion from public schools. Rarely full of all secondary school students about government schools, down from more than 70 per-
cent just 20 years ago. Private schools are seen as better but aren't always.
INTIUNE FEEDUISE
Mr. Agarwal, the promoter in New Delhi, said it was all but 'compulsory' to pay for private tutors if you want to compete in school or get into university. In high school, he went to private tutors for math and science. Then he enrolled in a year-long online course to prepare for engineering college-entrance exams. He didn't even highly enough to get into engineering school, he said, and he is now studying physics and chemistry in Delhi University. (Even though what he really wants to do is be a liberalistic.) 'It becomes a promoter on the student also that their parents are spending so much,' he said. 'They expect some results from us.'
'The family of Ashika Zineera Muepud, a 21-year-old medical student, spent around $2,000, almost equal to India's annual per capita income, on a year-long coaching class to prepare for the medical school-entrance exam in 2023. The expense was not easy for her family, she said, but it answered their prayers: She passed.
Luckily, she said, she didn't have to face what 2.5 million test takers faced this year. The entrance exam was scrapped after it was revealed that some questions had been leaked beforehand — and students were ordered to take it again later.
'I thank my stars the paper look did not happen last year,' Ms. Muepud said. 'That look hurts the days of India's Gini Z day.'
In a measure of the pressure facing his administration, Mr. Modi has announced that an independent task force would look into how to reform the college-entrance examination system. The government has set announced any plans to address wider concerns about India's education system.
LITTLE REWARD
Euro教师 is college has soared in the last 40 years, especially among women, and today, more than one month, 10 young Indians are going to college.
The number of colleges has expanded significantly, but they have also become much more expensive, especially for professional degrees. Today, the cost of getting a medical or engineering degree exceeds the per capita spending of poor households, according to the State of Working India study. 'Pearce households cannot afford professional degrees,' the report said bluntly.
A college degree, though, offers little guarantee of employment for millions of young graduates.
To those ill, a graduate student at the University of Madras, it seemed that only wealth offered that certainty. If you have money, we can get on to better school and speak better English. You can afford private coaching to get into a good college, and if your family has the right contacts, you can find an internship that can ultimately land you a job. His father works as a bus conductor. He set aside his dreams of going to engineering school because coaching classes were unaffordable.
'We matter how well you study, the system that's way in Working now,' he said. 'Will I get a job or not is always a big question mark. It is better to grant cattle than to study.'
Alex Truvell contributed reporting.
Extreme heat transforms how Europeans view summer
BERLIN
For today's young people, the season is associated with stilling temperatures
BY JIM VANKEBURY AND TATANA FIBIOVA
Christiane Bednoski took her father and her young children as a sparkling Friday morning in June to the shores of Krumme Lanko, a lake in a leafy and wealthy bank of western Berlin. It was a nice morning for water-spending and wind-popping and blinking water stains on the beach, the kind that Mr. Bednoski enjoyed during the even childhood in Bavaria.
With one rewttering exception. 'It wasn't that hot' when she was young, Mr. Bednoski, 26, said. 'Definitely not that hot.'
'Temperatures in Berlin and across Germany soared above 100 degrees Fahrenheit (30 Celsius) in June, breaking records and having thousands more dead than would typically die at that time of year, another heat were hit last week. This is the new reality in Europe, the world's fastest-busting continent, and the world's are growing up with a radically changed version of summer from what happened to the same time.
'The generation that was at school in the World's Best for 2000-2010 (Dec.) said Jackie Steiner, 65, the chairman of the Steinberg Sustainability Conference, which works to mitigate and adapt to climate change.
Mr. Steiner recalled the youth's northwestern Germany, near Osnabrück, where his school had a patch of closing if the temperature rose above about 30 Fahrenheit. That happened once every few years, he said.
But over the past two years, he said, 'We would have had days and days of school closures.'
It's changing the way children see summer.
'Some days it's too hot, and the heat is just so oppressive. I'm more of a winter person,' said Sophia Nachtsheim, 21, who visited Krumme Lanko on Thursday with her mother and three younger siblings.
'You really can tell that it's getting warmer every year,' she said. 'That's pretty crazy.'
After theirniees, 2, also cooled off at the lake last week with her mother, said, the mother said that the heat had made it impossible for Allis to sleep in her attic bedroom, sending her to a tent in the yard.
'I'm camping to the garden?' Allis continued.
Europe has experienced almost no creams in summer temperatures in recent decades, largely as a consequence of the burning heat.
Data from the German Weather Service shows that the number of extremely hot days per summer has doubled since the 1980s and tripled since the early 2000s.
That increase has collapsed travel distantly. As southern Europe experiences some of its worst wildfires in modern history, the European Union reports that travelers are increasingly distorting the scorching shores of the Mediterranean during summer and instead race-
Cooling off at Krumme Lanko, a lake in Berlin. 'Some days it's too hot, and the heat is just so oppressive,' one German teenager said.
tracing further north. Southern destinations like Spain have seen a rise in visits in spring and autumn, when temperatures are cooler.
Residents of countries with milder children, like Germany, are spending more to install air-conditioning.
The added heat is disrupting even the
simple routines of when it feels safe to visit beloved cooling-off spots. Mr. Bednoski, he example, left Krumme Lanko at this new room, when the temperature had climbed above 50 Fahrenheit.
'I see it as a threat, especially for the little ones, like a baby,' she said. 'For my father, what is his early 70s, and for my
103-year-old grandmother in a nursing home, I'm actually quite worried.'
Some northern Europeans say they are not at all of the things, and now more of their youth. Another Krumme Lanko writes, 'Match me Berlin! At, he called childhood summers.' In Holland by the sea, and in Germany on the Baltic
Sea, that were rainy and cool, and where you get the feeling that God is shooting us out of your weather.' On a personal level, he said, 'warm, sunny summers are a step in the right direction.'
Felling their supplies that older and younger Europeans alike are struggling with the new normal.
Under than half at German respondents told the pollster YouGov in June that they were coping poorly with the heat. The heat has claimed about 10,000 lives across the country, according to estimates by the Robert Koch Institute, a federal agency that tracks diseases.
Other research finds that heat covers are helping to increase climate-crossing among all Germans, with younger generations growing in the world about the climate-than-alder ones.
Mr. Steiner of the sustainability conference, said there was a danger that voters might feel helpless and give up on efforts to reduce emissions and mitigate temperature rise. 'That is the risk at the moment of having some of the most worrying climate scenarios playing out,' he said.
At Krumme Lanko in June, Mr. Bednoski's 73-year-old father, Heinan, expressed similar concerns, he said he nursing 40 and there today 'will be the best generation to live a dignified life on Earth.'
He said that just concerned about the heat in the air, which was climbing past 90 degrees, the very normal about the temperature of the lake his grandchild into were splashing in to end off. It left him to be the most critical.
'As the water temperatures changes, we does the ecosystem,' Mr. Bednoski said. 'It's just a slow, creeping change, but see that's somehow irreversible.'
4 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
WORLD
President Volodymyr Zelensky of Ukraine in Washington last week. During his visit, Mr. Zelensky spoke with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel.
Two wars converge and could spiral
NEWS ANALYSIS
VOTING
Ukrainian strike on ship from Iran in clear sign of overlap between conflicts
BY EDWARD WING
Ukraine and Iran, two nations at war with nuclear powers, tipped dangerously close to conflict with each other recently, when Ukraine struck an Iranian overcrowded cargo ship in the Caspian Sea.
The attack has month killed an Iranian civilian sailor. Ukraine said the ship was transporting military equipment to Russia after considered retaliating, but diplomats defused the crisis through a phase call.
The analysts observing the two wars closely, it was only a matter of time before violence escalated between Ukraine and Iran. The questions now contrasting governments around the globe are whether the Iran are currently eng, and when the next flashpoint might be.[{"box_2d": [36, 529, 184, 567], "label": "text", "caption": "If the conflicts merge more directly, the result could be unach": "}]
With American and European support, Ukraine has been defending hard against a full-scale invasion by Russia since 2022, while Iran and North Korea have sent weapons and even troops to assist the army of President Vladimir V. Putin.
In February Iran was plunged into a full-scale war, but, when the United States said Israel attacked, By one count, at least 37 nations — including Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq — have been involved.
The reality, the two conflicts in Ukraine and Iran have been interviewed
from the beginning of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022," said Alina Pelyubovets, the president of the Center for European Policy Analysis, a research group in Washington that advocates strong U.S. support for Ukraine.
Russia and Iran have a long partner ship, and both have been on the same side of recent wars, including the civil war in Syria. So it was perhaps unscrupulous that Iran gave weapons aid to Russia once after Mr. Putin's military invaded Ukraine.
Iran sent diverse and those trainers to work with the Russian military in Crimea, the peninsula that Russia seized from Ukraine in 2014. The cyclone is evident in the full-scale mission of that partnership. Russia improved the Iranian dream, began more peninsula there and it, now heading the new versions to Iran to use against the United States and Israel.
"Ukraine is not seeking conflict with Iran but is bound to act to cut support to Russia from wherever it originates."
The U.S. government has also said Iran provided ballistic missiles to Russia.
In the war in the Middle East, Russia has provided Iran with intelligence collected by satellites on U.S. military assets in the region. U.S. officials say to cost Iranian airports on American troops and military sites have been more accurate and deadlist. A strike last month killed three U.S. service members via Jordan.
When asked by a reporter last month whether Russia and China were giving targeting international trust, Secretary of State Marco Rabin avoided answering, except to say that nothing China had done 'live in any way changed the trajectory' of the war. He did not mention Russia.
William R. Taylor, a U.S. ambassador to Ukraine in the Bush and Obama ad-
ministrations and the head of the company to fight during the first Trump aid associations, said the wars 'reveling had been not merged.'
"Ukraine is elegantly focused on debating the Russian invasion — an mistrustal threat to the nation — by any and all means possible," he said. That includes using military means to cut off support other nations are providing Russia.
"Ukraine is not seeking conflict with Iran but is bound to act to cut support to Russia from wherever it originates," Mr. Taylor said.
It was another whether another such attack could occur.
Ukraine's ambassador to Washington, Alina Serdanibytou, said in a briefing last month organized by The Christian Democratic Media (TMD) to see the government's policy try to connect the two wars. The recent attack on the Iranian ship, she said, had been "unintentional."
Dinner and countertimes innovation has been central to the war in Ukraine. President Volodymyr Zelensky of Ukraine said in March that he was working more than 200 military experts to the Middle East to help counteracts the desired themselves against Iranian dreams.
Mr. Zelensky has tried to make the case that the two wars have some common elements. Late last month, he said Ukraine was ready to share intelligence with Western allies that showed Russia was providing Iran with satellite information on Gulf Arab nations and U.S. military bases in the region.
Some after the war in Ukraine began, Mr. Zelensky sought aid from Israel. But Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel has maintained a neutral stance on the war, taking care not to jeopardize his relationship with Mr. Putin. Last year, the Israelis sent a who-herbed Patriot air defense missile system to Ukraine, because of the Biblical administration secured a pledge from Israel.
Mr. Zelensky and Mr. Netanyahu attack South and opiate last week at the funeral of Senator Lindsay Graham in
Washington, it was the first time they had met in person to nearly three years. Both were on the White House for separate talks with President Trump.
Some analysts who have been critical of American wars, including the one in Iran, have received that the Trump aid association needs to be wary of both both Mr. Zelensky and Mr. Netanyahu might need to deepen American interference in the conflicts.
"Trump should be on guard as Zelensky and Netanyahu arrive, have it hands, is Washington," Andrew Day, a senior editor for The American Observatory, wrote last week. "Both will push for greater U.S. military assistance, and both will frame their demands on setting American interests."
This Paris, the co-founder of the United States Air to Washington, which is critical of American foreign policy that relieves military aggression, wrote that Mr. Zelensky could achieve a "strategic breakthrough" with the "dangerous growth" of trying to persuade Washington that the two wars are intentional.
However, other analysts say the United States should strengthen its commitment to Ukraine and Israel in order to stand more firmly against a more anti-American coalition that the foreign includes Russia, China, Iran and North Korea.
That fear of thought spans the political spectrum in Washington and is rooted in traditional foreign policy, but gained momentum late in the Bible's administration.
The most powerful variable in the backdrops of the conflicts is China, the only country capable of challenging American global supremacy.
Mr. Pelyubovets, the advocate of U.S. support for the Ukrainian military, said that "behind much of this is, of course, China, which has been the key resident of Russia's war in Ukraine." China is also the biggest factor of Iranian oil, and U.S. officials say Chinese companies have been planning to send shoulder-thermination known as MANPADS to Iran.
Despair drove Moroccans into Spain
CRITIC FROM PAGE 1
overgri through news, pushing the migrants out of public areas and handling those who resisted new wars. Outside of town, dozens of States stood near a plantation, filling up with captured migrants who would be forced back to their home regions.
Russian relatives of migrants who had not offed Costa and lower returned sat along the road hoping for news.
When groups of newly recovered migrants walked by, the relatives would show them photos of their missing loved ones, in case anyone had seen them.
Unblithhold: Measured and his wife, Ksenor Zolaly, asked about their oldest son Saad, 18.
He had recently finished high school but had not been accepted to639/1000 programs in engineering, aviation and architecture, his father said. He wanted to study in Europe, but the family could not afford it.
When the family saw the news on social media that migrants were entering Costa, the parents drove their son to the border, they said, hoping this would be fair chance. They hadn't heard from him since.
"Other people were in Europe and benefited from it," said Mr. Meunwald, 30. "We already wanted our lives in Morocco. We don't want that's it."
The migrants' determination to leave made it clear that Morocco, often considered a North African success story, has failed to deliver hope for many of its people.
The country is politically visible, in common to foreign-terrorism and hostilities and is valued partner in the United States.
That relationship has dropped since Mr. Trump's first term, when Morocco passed a small group of Arab states that
The border trace separating Costa and Morocco, as seen from Frabag, Morocco. Per capita income in Morocco is 19,400, according to the World Bank. In Spain, it is 320,000.
established diplomatic relations with Israel. In tandem, the Trump administration endorsed Morocco's claim of sovereignty over Western Sahara, a disputed territory.
Last month, King Mohammed in Yemeni Mr. Trump that he was roaring an opportunity through the territory (the "Denzal" is being filthless).
In recent years, the Moroccan government has shown that the Moroccans' money-absurd strengthening the economy, resulting in a part on the Middlee-nesses and a higher-paid train. It is speeding brutally on stadiums for the 2020 "black" economy and the coolness of with Spain and Portugal.
But the government's policies have not large companies and big infrastructure while creating too few foreign jobs,
said Najib Alevik, an economist at the Institute of Agronomy in the capital, in has.
"The entire logic of the economic model is the disavowed," he said. "People visit Morocco and they find it beautiful." Many of the movements, he said, turn out to be "more elephants" that make construction work that disappears, since the projects are complete, not having ever been met.
"They are not concerned by the needs of the population, and the youth is particular," he said.
Last year, the World Bank said that some of the weak, Morocco's working-age population had grown by 11.4 percent, while employment had decreased by only 1.3 percent.
An creation remained "a fundamental
ful challenge," the bank said.
Overall unemployment in Morocco is 10.4 per cent, according to government statistics, but among people aged 15 to 24, the rate is nearly three times higher.
Costa, which is easily visible from the small school of Frabag, is a perpetual drive for migrants. Per capita income in Morocco is 16,000, according to the World Bank, in Spain, of which Costa is a year, 2.4 to 225,000.
Other economic government has shown little patience for citizens who make their discontent known.
Last fall, youthful demonstrations broke out in more than half a dozen Moroccan cities. The precinct expressed frustration over the nearing cost of living, youth unemployment and the government's economic priorities. The authorities responded with arrests.
Accrediter wave of precincts focused on economic hardship in rural areas also ended with some arrests and prison sentences for pretext leaders.
On a back stone in Frabag, Mohammed Said, 16, said he had come to the coast with those headed for Costa. He had just school after seventh grade and worked in construction but had not found stable employment.
By the time he reached the border, he also chases migrant, with car-car fire and migrants choking with the security forces, to be had long back.
He continued to write more information twice last year, he said, but the Moroccan authorities stopped him. This time he had come prepared, with a can of time, some crackers, a phone shuffled under, two extra 7 shirts and a plastic sleeve for his cellphone, all in a plastic bag.
"If try again," he said, "It's in God's hands."
More debris from space is crashing down to Earth
SPECIAL FROM PAGE 1
proved, uncontrolled and unpredictable.
The more objects humans there's into it, the more debris they will have to dodge on Earth. More than 200 on-farm launched last year, nearly four times as many as a decade ago. That means many more bits and spent parts are expected to drop back.
Dying satellites are another common detritus of this space age. A good number of the roughly 10,000 satellites in orbit will ultimately come back to Earth.
In 2024, disordered hardware from the International Space Station crashed into a Pacific house. Early last year, part of a SpaceX rocket launch was a long-sleeping mail in Persian, Poland. Another piece was headlined the city's airport, according to the Polish Space Agency.
Months later, a defunct Chinese watch the launchers were Tenerife, one of the Canary Islands of Spain. The three-earth-rock satellites were about seven across the region before fragmenting and burning in the air.
In October, miners discovered burning debris on a desert road in Western Europe. The miners' space space was washed ashore on an Australian beach.
The patchwork of regulation governing rocket launches and refilled tank is no match for the pace of space development.
Due Mark's SpaceX, which has more than 10,000 satellites in orbit, has up to 1,000 satellites in entire room. 240 Molar Blue Origin has similar ambitions and Chinese "reaguerant/defunct" are expected to have hundreds of thousands of satellites.
The new system are more likely to be struck by lightning than by falling space tank. The only documented case is of an Oklahoma woman who was hit by debris in the 1980s. She survived relatively unharmed.
The increase in debris is one effect of the frenetic race among governments and companies like SpaceX to reign over the skies.
But these odds are shifting. A study for the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration concluded that by 2025, miners from SpaceX satellites alone could kill or injure someone every two years.
The risk diminished if satellites burn up in the atmosphere, the study concluded. For a while, SpaceX was able to returning satellites immersed. Thus, in 2024, a chunk of SpaceX metal was found on a Canadian form, SpaceX, which previously disagreed with the F.A.A. expert, did not respond to questions. The company now says that about 5 percent of the mean of more satellites may not disintegrate.
Now O'Keefe, a professor at Syracuse University in against New York and American Public Administration, said: "Manners have a lot of failure of imagination to keep cast I imagine that it will happen to us."
"All it's got to do is show up in a major metropolitan area," he added.
Mr. O'Keefe and other experts say that government and companies should be compelled to use materials that will help disintegrate.
No such regulation exists. In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission requires companies to report on the risk of casualties from falling satellites, but the agency exactly the risk on regulating radio frequencies.
The F.A.A., which oversees launches, proposed a rule to regulate the disposal of refilled debris but it withdrew the skies in January after the space industry pushed back.
United Nations treaties govern liability for space debris that have people or damages property, but these are Cold War critics with limited scope.
The U.S. issued guidelines for space debris in 2007, when there were far more than 1,000 on-farm satellites as noninhibiting.
It depends on in free fall, even the best rocket satellites cannot accurately see far, where they will land or whether they will be able to use. The miners error in predicting re-entry changes the
landing zone by nearly 200 miles (100 kilometers), according to the Aerospace Corporation, a nonprofit research group.
As January, he contends, a football pierced the atmosphere over Europe. It was the upper stage of a 2-bogas-2 rocket, and a course of two 4,200 on-farm, Landspace, launched it the previous month.
Space agencies across the world maintained the object for four days. It was on heavy — about 15 nearly nine — that they did not expect it to incinerate.
Governments feared that it could plunge into heavily populated areas. Britain officials told mobile networks to test the disengages after system.
"The last hours, last while were over Europe, and it was really dangerous," said the victims of the Polish Space Agency.
In the end, the debris splashed down somewhere in the Indian or Pacific Oceans.
STORIES: COOPERATIVE, TENSIONS
China's arrests launched in a Roman, an island off the country's southern coast.
Many of the surroundings from more, where debris is likely to fall, are in contested waters in the South China Sea.
Filipino Silverstein have its cross-faced confrontation with the Chinese Coast Guard in these waters. These days, they also have to watch for rocket debris.
The Philippine authorities advise against going in sea whenever China is (like) plain or medium about a launch from Maloan, said (see June 8 Press). do occur general of the Philippine Space Agency.
Thirteen rocket pieces, some the size of small boats, have washed ashore in the Philippines in the past four years. Most had teachings with Chinese characters or parts of the Chinese flag, the space agency said.
"Before, we were looking at access to the sea, how we're even getting rocket debris," Dr. Perez said.
WHO PAYS IF SPACE JUNE 1070?
The debris through its category or an agency in the country, the land and legal system are the liability questions.
If not, your country will meet likely days in U.S. treaties to recoup costs.
The liability convention, for use, gives examples the right to categorization of another state's space object: fairly people or damage property, insides property, safety on ground and land. Agreement, allows governments to be paid for the cost of receiving space objects.
But the treaties were written in the early space age, when countries were more concerned about astronauts becoming prisoners of war or technology being stolen, said Rosanna Deira-Bellwood, who works on law and policy in some of the U.S. (USA) for Outer Space Affairs.
The terms are sure being applied in a more commercial and complex space environment, she added.
"The way the treaty was drafted is not the way the treaty is used nowadays," she said.
The first step, then, is confirming where the debris came from. That means everyday people are at the mercy of their government.
In Kenya, the authorities took months to confirm that the ring was a part of a French rocket that had launched in American television satellite. The details orbited Earth for more than 10 years before crashing, according to the French space agency.
Kenya's government has not formally requested compensation from France, the French Foreign Ministry said it may have not shared this information with the village residents, who said that the impact created nearly before, according to Daniel Muanan, a senator who represents the area.
"The government says they have firm no identity the means of the object, but the finality the one who is the state of negligence," Mr. Muanan said.
"That didn't happen," he said. "There was no compensation."
Brent Olmos and Jay Zhan contributed reporting.
A photo released by Turkish state media showing a part that had once connected versions of a rocket. The object fell from the sky near the moon, a village in Kenya, in 2024.
CORRECTION
For article on July 22 about Troy Jackson, who was the Democratic front-maker in Miami's upcoming Senate election,
mentioned the year in which he threw a water bottle and an angry disagreement, it was in 2021, not 2022.
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 | 5
WORLD
Trump polls hit new low? Not in his universe.
NEWS ANALYSIS
WORLD/UT/US
President's approval ratings entitle Republicans, but he is unlikely to change course
BY PETER BAKER
After a space of half polls earlier this summer, President Trump simply declared that they were set true. "MY BEAL, POLL, NUMBERS ARE THE HIGHEST THEY HAVE EVER BEEN." He wrote on social media, using capital letters as if they would shoot away any country's foes.
On July 3rd and just numbers are at or near the lowest they have ever been in some megachines surveys, a flurry of new samples to record days found in the Mt. Trump is at the nadir of his jurisdiction, with support from just around a third of Americans as a stalemated war in Iran and high gas prices take a political toll.
The latest surveys indicate that Mt. Trump's new all but the most unpopular second-term president at this stage of their tenure in the history of polling going back to the 1940s. The only exception is not one that would give Mt. Trump much seldom Richard M. House had even less public support at this stage in his second term but at that point he was just days away from resigning over the Watergate scandal.
These kinds of poll numbers would show a normal White House into post-mode, especially coming just three months before a uniform election. Someone might be fired. A speech might be written a new set of policies might be arrived. But Mt. Trump has never been a normal president, and he does not react to political circumstances in the same way his predecessors have.
Mt. Trump has long governed as if he were a more popular president. Above from left: a former Sen. U.S. Labor Department, celebrating 50th of this year in Washington.
Through force of will and command over his MAGA base, he has traditionally played a weak band strong.
"He's always going to project strength regardless what the numbers are, and he'll say they're like anyway," said Douglas Hoyt, a longtime Republican strategist, adding that he did not expect any switch to political strategy. "Shut of him screaming and throwing something at a stiffer, that's it."
It is, of course, hard to have a course correction if it is not entirely clear what the course was in begin with. The most nepotent president of modern times Mt. Trump follows his instincts and can completely reverse himself by the day or sometimes the best.
It has worked well enough for him that he has dominated American politics for more than a decade. Even though he was a plurality in 2026, Mt. Trump has never been a majority of the popular vote in any of his three elections nor enjoyed support from a majority in Gallup polling at any point of either term. Yet he has governed as if he were a more popular president.
Still, the latest numbers are particularly black and have Republicans in censorship ratified as they dread a Democratic wave that could cost them for House and possibly even the Senate to November. Mt. Trump has the support of just 10 percent of Americans in CNN's latest poll, matching his lowest point just after the Jan. 5, 2021, attack on the Capitol. He had the approval of just 10 percent in a new AP-NUMC survey, trying his lowest since 2017, and 10 percent in Quickspan University data, falling to an all-time low in that poll.
By comparison, at this stage of their second terms, full Clinton was set in percent, Ronald Reagan at 45 percent and Dwight D. Eisenhower at 38 percent, according to historical Gallup surveys. Those underwriters included Barack Obama at 63 percent, Harry S. Truman
President Trump at a campaign with the Representative Mike Lawler of New York to Huge Mt. Trump's new support of just 10 percent of Americans in CNN's latest poll.
at 39 percent and George W. Bush at 37 percent, all of whom were on one their party now seem in uniform elections months later. None, on the verge of recognition as he faced impeachment, but at 26 percent at this point.
The challenge for Mt. Trump and Republicans is that the president's underwriters are no longer absent across the board, including areas where he historically had been already like the workers and immigration. As for the war in Iran, it was already the only U.S. war in the history of polling that more Americans respond from the very start — and what support there was has covered even further, with voters now against it 2 to 1.
Moreover, the worst for Republicans is not just that voters disapprove of Mt. Trump's handling of the presidency but strength disapprove, suggesting that they would be more motivated than Trump localists to share up this fall.
"These people are going to vote," said Douglas B. Sennik, who was Mt. Clinton's White House political director and senior adviser. "And the non-MAGA Republicans are not motivated to turn out." Having said that, politics are not the
same as they once were. The way that House lines are drawn these days means that there are fewer genuinely competitive districts, suggesting that even a strong Democratic wave may not generate as many new wars as it might have in the past. That was conceived even more so by a wave of mid-decade, redistributing its recent months.
Ectons Delta is deference, a Republican policies, said that political polarization means that "job approval trades in a narrow band these days" compared with the past. "Job approval in the results or even high 30s is not the political catastrophe it would have been two or three decades ago," she said. "President barely start out at 30 percent to begin with."
"But," she added, "low 30s, if accurate, means pieces of the coalition have started to break away. You're not just starting home being voters at that point."
Mt. Trump has to count on the opposition squandering its advantage. "The best thing Republicans have going to listen is that the Democratic Party is going through its own issues and does not have a crisp message besides 'Trump is
bad,'" she said. "However, if the environment truly stays this grim, that may be enough."
The White House did not address the president's polls in response to a request for comment but because of his record. "So other president in history has accomplished some far hard-working Americans than President Trump, who is working tirelessly in create jobs, and athletics, increase housing afford-
'He's always going to project strength regardless what the numbers are, and he'll say they're fake anyway.'
ability, and more," said Doris Ingle, a White House spokesman. "The president has already made historic progress not only in America but around the world, and this is just the beginning in his agenda continues taking effect."
Mt. Trump himself has made clear that he sees a different reality that most independent policies and political strategists of both parties — and dis-
trustr results that are not favorable to him.
"Polls are very dishonest, just like a lot of reporters," he told journalists during a news conference at the Group of Council in Chicago. It came a week later, he made his claim that his approval ratings were "THE HIGHEST THEY HAVE EVER BEEN" on his social media site.
The conference have counted Mt. Trump out before only to see him survive the kinds of controversies and poll numbers that would hobble other politicians.
He seems unconserved by the pleadings of Republicans who want him to end the four war and have more on all foodability, instead, he is pursuing legacy projects like a new White House hall, more and a triangular pick, no matter how much the polls suggest that voters are not so uneducated.
"He is YOLO," said Mr. Hoyt, using the initiative for YouTube Live One. "He's not sitting there thinking. Yolo, my powers are weakened because of this. It's part of why he was re-elected and why he's unproven to some scandals."
A harsh and divisive Senate primary reaches a bitter end
Progressive Democrats see Michigan race as chance to score biggest victory so far
BY REID J. EPSTEIN AND SUE KAFER
Democratic' outlook, most expensive Senate primary was expected to culminate on Tuesday in Michigan, a pivotal midterm battleground where an insurgent progressive is looking to delist an establishment-backed moderate in a contest serving as a referendum on the party's future.
"We race between Representative Haley Stevens and Dr. Abdul El-Sayed, a former public health official, has been charged by tensions over Israel, how to fight President Trump and the Republicans Party, and what makes it candidate electable. The result will factor into the fight for Senate control in November, and they have ramifications that extend to the next presidential contest.
While polls conducted in the last month have shown uncertainty in the competition, several recent public surveys showed Dr. El-Sayed leading, and he was increasingly seen by Democrats as the favorite as voters prepared to make their picks. In the final stretch, the candidates under almost each other in his own turn would score. Their supporters were even more severe.
"At the Senate, it's the ugliness," said Representative Debbie Dingell of Michigan, a Democrat who was married in the 2016 election. "I'm not going to be about security. You don't know who could try to disrupt friends are very scary right now."
In a recent interview with Anzani Al-Khaimuddin, founder of Washington.com, Dr. El-Sayed called Mt. Stevens "the least capable candidate in American."
Mt. Stevens responded on social media's saying, "Everyone is America underpinning two out to blame all of your problems as Jewish Americans."
"The race is the divided problem," a Democrat, and drawn a flood of outside money, nearly all of it is help Mt. Stevens, including some that 200 million to pass Stevens to open PAC ads.
For the Democrats, they's left, the race has provided a chance to work its most significant victory yet in a primary
Dr. Abdul El-Sayed, left, and Representative Haley Stevens on the campaign trail in Michigan. The race has divided prominent Democrats and drawn a flood of outside money.
season when progressive, anti-establishment candidates have made inroads — this time in one of America's biggest battleground states. For controls, the race has been an opportunity to cross the party toward what it won as a stronger blueprint for November.
Mt. Stevens, a moderate from the Denver, who's the two for whom led in the 2016 Senate race when, has said that she would be best equipped to prevail in November against former Representative Mike Rogers, the Republican candidate who does not face primary opposition. She and her three were in the second two focus on Michigan and out Dr. El-Sayed as someone more interested in his national image, with more that could alienate swing voters.
Dr. El-Sayed, who would be the first Muslim senator if elected this fall, is a progressive who lost the 2016 primary for powerful and in the 2016 election and written a book and printed a podcast. He has positioned himself as a disrepute for the working class and as a fighter against corporate interests. He wants to abolish Immigration and Country for Agreement and is critical of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee, which through the trade paper PAC has spent more than $20 million on subscribing Mt. Stevens.
In the final days of campaigning, the candidates traded more forces, with Dr.
El-Sayed accusing Mt. Stevens of running a "Bullup" campaign and Mt. Stevens arguing that she was the "only candidate who can keep Michigan blue."
The harsh tenor of the race had the party no edge on the eve of the primary. "It just strikes me that he's maybe in a dark spot and throwing shots," Mt. Stevens said of her rival during a recent interview.
STARR DIVISIONS OVER ISRAEL
As a moment when Democrats are in a favor debate over Middle East policy, the two candidates could not be turned apart on what the U.S. relationship with Israel should look like.
Mt. Stevens says she does not believe that Israel and its prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, have committed genocide to Gaza. She voted to continue funding Israel's military without conditions and makes no apology for the millions AIPAC has spent on her behalf.
"If she was running against Benjamin Netanyahu, I wouldn't even consider her," said Osama A. Shilani, the publisher of The Arab-Americans News in Dearborn, Mich. "Haley Stevens is a miserable person. She is a boon. She should not be in the Senate."
Dr. El-Sayed said in an interview last month that he did not believe that Israel should exist as a Jewish state. When a suburban Detroit newspaper was as-
tached in March, he released a video而不明thing the violence with a current rating it was inspired by Israel's actions in the Middle East, which indicated some local Jewish officials.
"We can and must condemn the attack on Temple Israel and we can and must condemn the violence 6,000 miles away," Dr. El-Sayed said then. "And we can and must condemn the broken politics that allows leaders to make war that they prevent has no consequences."
'You have to worry about security. You don't know who could try to disrupt. Events are very scary right now.'
Jordan Ashes, an elected University of Michigan report who was backing Mt. Stevens, said that if Dr. El-Sayed elected to the Senate, Michigan's Jewish community will be at risk. "He has gouged his attorney forever for people to cast against the Jewish community. In this case, Mr. Ashes says he will not move work to do with reassuring the Jewish community in Michigan that they will be physically safe if ridded in its government."
Democratic have become increasingly critical of Israel in recent years, and Michigan's primary was expected to
provide a fresh measure of views in the party.
AIPAC and its allies have flooded the airwaves with ads heading of Mt. Stevens's ties to former President Barack Obama (she worked on his return of the Detroit automobile industry) and backing Dr. El-Sayed for once-writing a skeptical opinion essay about McHale Obama.
"The role of AIPAC spending in this race is a symbol of the broader problem," said a former Ben-Ami, the president of J. Brown, the center-left Jewish Party that contends a third candidate in the race. Malloy McMoreno, who dropped out to early July, "it's been on the mechanism. We think this level of engagement is not in any way good for Israel."
A BEPITY PERSONAL RACE
Both sides agree on one thing: Holding the Michigan seat being vacated by Senator Gary Peters, a Democrat who is strong, is essential for any hope of winning a Senate majority in November. "I don't know how much they want and flip at least that Republican field once to take control of the charities."
The race has swung back and forth in the last three presidential elections. The outcome of the Senate race could begin reverberating in the Democratic nominating contest, with Michigan expected
to be one of the first states to vote for a presidential candidate.
Dr. El-Sayed's campaign was better funded than Mt. Stevens's, but for weeks he had been swunged by the volume of pro-Servous advertising, the bestest campaign rallies with progressive businesses, including Senate-Bernie Satires, independent of Vietnam, and Representative Alexandra Ousain-Carrie, Democrat of New York.
Dr. El-Sayed was just one of a handful of left-wing candidates challenging to make Israel's own state candidates on Tuesday. Democratic socialists are waging competitive campaigns in two House races.
To many, the Senate race has felt deeply personal. Mt. Stevens's Michigan accent has even become a point of debate, with detractors resulting her or questions about the state. A new supporters have used it as a rolfing city. Dr. El-Sayed has urged the leaders not to drink the firewash.
For Mt. Stevens to defy recent surveys and win, she would need a large turnout from Black voters, with whom polls show she had a clear advantage thanks to part to AIPAC's ads featuring praise for her from Mt. Obama.
The big, from a 2016 rally when Mt. Stevens was first running by the House, featured prominently with Black audiences of Michigan's House Senate, the Michigan state director for the Working Families Party, which endorsed Dr. El-Sayed, said that his own cause believed Mt. Obama had collected Mt. Stevens. (He has not.)
Dr. El-Sayed, Mt. Snyder said, was the clear favorite with younger white voters and college-educated progressives. "For the non-college educated and Black voters, few got a lot of work to do to make up groups," Mt. Snyder said ahead of Tuesday's vote.
At a recent campaign rally in a diverse Detroit suburb, Dr. El-Sayed predicted that the super PAC money being spent against this would be for tonight.
"You can't buy enthusiasm," he said. "Mr. Stevens, for her part, dismissed the notion that the primary was a gauge for the Democratic Party's direction.
"All of the do you," "All my part, it's the future of the party," she told supporters in Michigan. "I'm like, Well, that's really nice, but how about the future of my race and my people?"
6 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
WORLD
Amid the ashes, a revolting stench and few answers
LOS ANGELES
East Los Angeles residents are still 'living in hell' long after a warehouse fire
BY ORLANDO MAYOR/25-2025 6:04:19 (7:00 AM) (C)
More than a month after a fire ripped through an enormous cold-rainage warehouse in Los Angeles, residents who live nearby say they have heard 50-56 ounces from the outdoor smoke of rusting food and are anxious about the dangers that may still be lacking in their faces.
The nearly 500,000-square-foot (44,000-square-meter) facility, operated by a company called Los Angeles, has been built into flames on June 17. Mastering the neighborhood of Ralph Wrights and East Los Angeles to think smoke for days. Amid the disaster, the roughly 85 million people, 28 million delegates of beef, pork, poultry and seafood stored inside the warehouse began to rot, spreading foul odors throughout the city.
Mayor, Karen Bano of Los Angeles has given Lineage until Aug. 10 to clean up the site, and the company said it was working to meet that deadline. But more than that, many residents blame the government for belching the measure to
the fire, providing inadequate answers and resources to the informant. The 2025 cause remains under investigation.
The stretch has been described as a pungent mix of mold and dust stored, attracting neurons of rats and bottle flies, which are driven to writing most.
'It's like living in hell,' said Aurora Flores, 35, who lives with her husband near the warehouse. 'We feel like we're being sadly ruined.'
Lineage said last Wednesday that it had finished loading out about 40 per-
cent of the waste. But there was no newest-manage record the company has week after city records showed that a permit was submitted to rebuild the first-damaged portions of the warehouse. The permit, filed June 17, noted that there would be 'no change to building hotspots, square footage, height, size, or occupancy.'
Mayor Bano the following day called the move of help in the four 'in the community, and has said that the city would consider taking legal action should Lineage fail to meet her August deadline.
The mayor and other officials have sought to re-examine the future of the property in the wake of the disaster. And some neighbors, like Mrs. Flores, have already begun suggesting alternatives.
'We want them to take the Lineage warehouse down,' Mrs. Flores said, 'had replace it with green space, a pork for kids and the community.'
In a statement, Lineage said the permit was 'behind return to the repair process and will not impact or distract us from the important work of cleanup.' It added: 'Cold-storage facilities are
critical infrastructure that keep food moving from farms to ports in government across Los Angeles. Communities around the region have depended on them for over 100 years.'
Most of the community outrage, though, has been directed at the government's response from the very first day of the fire. Residents were not told to encounter, even as the smoke darkened the stars and shrouded their homes.
City and county government officials subsequently distributed masks and air purifiers in the area and set up mobile
chess for people with symptoms to get the drugs. No many people reported being denied the purifiers and masks because they lived in the wrong jurisdiction – theirs Knights in part of the city and East Los Angeles is in the county – or because another waste or family living at the same address had already claimed the assistance.
Many residents in the largely working class, unless neighborhood say they have been forced to pay higher utility bills as they constantly run air purifiers.
Before the fire, Mrs. Flores said, she would wake up in the morning to the sound of the chirping birds that lived in several fruit trees in her backyard.
Now, she said, they've all disappeared. 'The birds are gone, but now we have workmanies and a lot of them something we didn't have before,' Mrs. Flores said that she and her husband about three minutes away and spent near us a park or voting out to get away from the streets.
In a statement last week, Mayor Bano acknowledged the anger directed at the government.
'We understand residents' frustration, and from the very beginning my priority has been protecting public health and supporting the recovery of the Boyle Heights and the state and pointing to relief programs to help residents with utility costs.
In a community survey of 500 households released last week by the county health department, a vast majority of the households reported very strong odors and an increase in pests over the previous week.
And as a summer heat wave has stalled Southern California in recent weeks, people in cities miles drowned have complained about the smell.
Our community group, called Protect Los Angeles Now, has demanded that officials, including the governor, issue mandatory evacuation orders and provide housing until the disaster site is cleared.
Local health officials have acknowledged the concerns about air quality and other hazards and the residents need for temporary relocation. But at a county board of supervisors meeting last month, the county health officer in stated that the situation had not met the threshold for transportation.
'We do not have an imminent endangerment in terms of health. Therefore we don't see that very little information to really say that nobody can be in the area,' said the county health officer, Dr. Martin Dorris.
The Los Angeles County Department of Public Health said the board (saat Air Quality Management District, the regional air regulator, have urged Lineage to speed the cleanup and do more to mitigate the odors. Both agencies have closed citations and there is the company in recent weeks over the conditions.
Lineage said that its covers were working at the air purifiers and the scribed debris removed as a complex process that was complicated by unsafe conditions inside the damaged building.
Residents who have received substantial help, such as the current teachers for rental stays outside the area, remain fearful that their actual homes have become uninhabitable because of similar contamination.
At a board of supervisors meeting last week, Trinidad Arizona, speaking softly in Spanish through a resolution, urged the board to help the locally immediately relocate.
In a call to was among them on a long waiting list for housing, and was worried about his children who are getting out there and fighting the edge to resist when they go outside.
'We've gotten so help,' he said 'then air filters.'
U.S. hits highest-ever backlog of public document requests
WASHINGTON
Low fulfillment rate raises concerns about compliance with transparency law
BY MINOR GIN
The federal government turned away a record number of document requests from the public and accumulated the highest-ever backlog of cases in fiscal year 2023, causing a low fulfillment rate, pluses with the Freedom of Information Act.
Federal agencies presented around 1.0 million requests for documents that read the highest number since officials began releasing comprehensive statistics about FOIA requests 10 years ago, according to government data. But it released the requested documents, in part or in bill, just 47 percent of the state, a New York Times analysis found, the lowest given rate since at least 2023.
Federal agencies also accumulated a backlog of overdue requests of nearly 100,000 as of Sep. 30, 2025. Requesters with pending asks waited longer than 200 days on average to hear back from federal agencies, according to the data, though the law requires a response within 30 days.
The numbers, which cover a period including the end of the Biden administration and the beginning of the second Trump administration, show how the government has become less forthcoming with information sought by the public under the nation's manpower transparency law, even as demands for that information has increased.
Former and current FOIA officials are closer to present year's table in requests to artificial intelligence tools that lowered the funds for drafting inquiries, issue submissions from Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank, and more immigrants and their lawyers working records to obtain rights to remain in the U.S. as the government in-
creased deportations. Both Democratic and Republican administration have struggled to shift to the legally mandated 20-day deadline to respond to requests.
Dieritage Foundation did not immediately respond to requests for comments, but it submitted more than 100,000 requests since 2023. ProfPublics reported that many of its requests sought remain in documents with back words such as 'writing', 'GIG' (divorcity, equity and inclusion) or 'closure equity'.
But groups that routinely seek records from the government say the problem appears to have worsened under President Trump.
This is in part, they say because the president's agreement agreed, in the second term has drawn a deluge of requests. They also point to significant downsizing of affairs that process information inquiries in the early part of Mr. Trump's record term.
The White House's Office of Management and Budget, which granted 6 percent of records to requests in pressmen in fiscal year 2023 compared with 10 percent from the year before. Manual 'left activism groups' and 'Trump derangement syndrome' for option in inquiries and the poor agency performance in responding to form. The office's communications director, Rachel Cudahy, said the Trump administration chose in 'the U.S. officers instead of FOIA processors,' referring to the Immigration and Customs Enforcement.
The Justice Department, which oversees agencies' compliance with records inquiries, noted that the number of requests received last year was 'higher than at any time in history,' drafted a New 2023. The department is one of the few agencies that did not reduce FOIA staffing to 50%.
The Department of Homeland Security, which received 60 percent of all records requests in fiscal year 2023, is located a common criteria in the Trump administration that it is 'the most transparent' in U.S. history. Department of Health and Human Services said sug-
Gaston D'Agricetti has waited over a year for the U.S. Education Department to provide records requested by his lawyer.
gentions that the administration had been 'undermining the FOIA process are simply untrue,' notjuining the volume of requests it received.
Between October 2024 and September 2025, the government provided records with no reductions in response to about 5 percent of requests processed during that year, compared with 12 percent a decade earlier, reaching a record low since at least 2024.
Government watchdogs and former FOIA officers say the diminished the relief fall disclosures raises questions about whether federal agencies are incorrectly reducing information eligible for release under FOIA. Federal agencies must release documents upon receiving requests unless requested records fall under exemptions such as those concerning national security, individual privacy or ongoing criminal investigation.
Annual reports for 2023 also show a round 28 percent spike in backlogs over the prior year for all agencies other than the Homeland Security Department, marking the largest increase in at least 18 years. Because of a court order, Homeland Security is subject to a strict or standard for FOIA compliance than other agencies.
The Freedom of Information Act took effect in 2007 and serves toward creation of the American public including journalists, government watchdogs, veterans, immigrants, businesses, historians and scientists. Retired military personnel and immigrants often seek their own documents to prove eligibility for government benefits, while corporations and researchers request relevant data for their operations and studies.
Gaston D'Agricetti, 26, sought to have his two-decade-old student home care-relned after the school he attended, a herpetual arts college, closed after having a regular course in the 2nd. D'Agricetti's lawyer and FOIA are his behalf to ask the Education Department for debt repayment records, hoping to establish eligibility for loan forgiveness.
But more than a year after submitting the request, the Education Department has not provided the requested documents. Mr. D'Agricetti still owns around 84,000 – a debt that is growing because he is unemployed and it continues to see true interest. The backlog of requests from the department – which under President Trump cut more than half the staff that processes document requests – gives 60 percent from the year before, according to The Times's analysis.
'It's very frustrating,' said Mr. D'Agricetti, whose receiving legal help from a nonprofit law firm. 'Even with a signature of a lawyer, there is a big delay.'
The government data for those and found covers more than 100 federal agencies, which report their FOIA performance each fiscal year. Fiscal year 2025, the most recently available year, covers roughly four months of the Biden administration and serves months of the Trump administration.
Ludens Harper, the Daniel Ellsberg chair on government secrecy for the Freedom of the Press Foundation, said the Trump administration has shown particular disrespect for FOIA, which shows a critical function for the state.
'There's no other structure or system out there that allows people to ask the government to disclose information that the government isn't already interested
in disclosing,' Mr. Harper said of the open records law.
The Trump administration has also been activated for more than government watchdogs say reducing public records to 50%.
In August 2025, the Homeland Security Department disclosed that it to keep or maintained the text message data of its top officials. The department abandoned software to maintain capture of the data, advising officials to take screenshots of their messages for compliance.
The White House has also moved to the New York Times's records complexity, pushing a legal theory that would make them exempt from future research requests by advising the President and the United States. The Office of International, such a legal claim, if upheld, would dismantle the Watergate-era law.
People with pending requests waited longer than 200 days on average, though the law requires a response within 20 days.
that mandated preservation of presidential documents and trade them available for FOIA requests, starting over years after Mr. Trump leaves office.
Several former and current FOIA officials said The Times that a major reason for the backlog appears to be using staff cuts instead early in Mr. Trump's second term by Don Shank's Department of Government Efficiency. The Times's analysis shows that the federal government died more than 14 percent of its FOIA work force, reaching the lowest-staffing levels since fiscal year 2027, when the government received fewer than half of the requests it received in 2024.
Backlogged appeals at the Department of Homeland Security, which outlaws that 45 percent of the staff had processed records requests, increased hardest, free FOIA staff member at D.H.S. on average had 2,287 requests to process last year, the largest average
workload since at least 2008, and a 60 percent increase from the year before.
Other FOIA officials who filed a re-assigned after releasing documents, prompting them that lawful disclosures of politically sensitive materials can cost jobs.
Last year, two FOIA officials at the Office of the Director of National Intelligence were fired after releasing a designated report that researched Mr. Trump's claims about the Watergate gang. Then the hospital, according to people familiar with the matter, The Intelligence Office officials answered on the personnel actions, but asked a 'closed-zone FOIA cover,' under Mr. Trump that it did during the Biden administration and called its performance 'over 100 days.'
Frequent responses of government documents say untrue, but more and responses from FOIA officers add to processing time.
Againster are increasingly asking clarification on requests even when original queries clearly state what they are seeking, said Ginger McCall, who served as a FOIA officer at three offices in England, said taking D.H.S. to maintain offer last year. These request-points the check for the 30-day deadline until request-points respond, delaying records processing.
Government lawyers have asked for weeks of extension to deadlines for initial regimens (FOIA/awards). They asked for the 30-day date when the new board of her update requesters included to provide the regimens or public sources, according to court filings. Judges struck down many of the government requests, but those of the government were not familiar that already span many months.
Mr. McCall, who now brings records, litigates against the new agencies and the 'general goal' of the Trump administration, suggests to receive requests had been 'delay, delay, delay.'
'It's a delay made to push back the new new agencies and the documents because every document becomes less interesting over time,' Mr. McCall said.
Julian E. Barnes contributed reporting.
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 | 7
Business
Family offices transform Miami market
SQUARE FEET
Benefits like tax incentives draw the ultrarich and build a need for wealth managers
BY EMMETT LINDNER
The billionaire investor Peter Thiel broke metal records in June when he leased space in Miami's Brickell single barboard for $250 a square foot for his family office. The same month, the billionaire Mohamed Mameed of Max Capital signed a family office lease in the Well, a new complex in Bay Harbor Islands. The Super Bowl champion Tom Brady is getting ready to move his family office, TEB Capital Management, into the same building.
These moves and others like them have begun to change Miami's office landscape, part of a growing wave of firms opening there to manage an individual's wealth and private affairs. As more high-rent worth individuals have migrated to Miami since the Covid-19 pandemic, the need for firms private firms there has increased, too.
Single-family offices, issuing their roots back to the Bushholders in the 19th century, have grown substantially this decade. In 2014, there were more than 8,000 single-family offices globally, up about 30 percent from just over 6,000 in 2019, according to the latest report on family offices by DeSoto. That number is expected to exceed 10,000 by 2030, or roughly 75 percent growth over 10 years.
The rise comes from the rapid to create in the concentration of wealth. In 2024, the total estimated wealth of families with family offices was more than $3 million, compared with a little over $3 million in 2020, according to DeSoto. More money leads to more complex holdings, and accountants, tax experts and other firms have emerged to fill the gaps.
In Miami, leaders have had a more unusually fast to keep up with the pace of requests recently for family office space. During the second quarter of 2026, 15 percent of new leasing activity in Miami was tied to financial service expansions, which include family offices, according to a report from Bianca Cramar et al. that it was a brokerage and advisory firm.
The average assets under management of family offices was $2 billion in 2025, according to the DeSoto survey of 104 single-family offices around the world, including those of prominent families. More than 120 are already set up in the Miami area, with various assets under management of $100 million, according to research from Alton, which tracks family office data.
Now, more families outside the uncivilized net-worth live are requesting office space.
'Twenty years ago, it was the other wealthy and it was very investment focused,' said Lee that This, a professor at the University of Florida's Levis
College of Law who became an estate planning. 'Now they've become very much management vehicles for families with very complex holdings.'
The rising demand in office space has led to higher, more competitive leasing prices, analysts and real estate leaders said. Between 2020 and 2025, average asking rents for office space in Miami-Dade County increased more than 50 percent, according to data from
Blanca and JLL, a real estate services firm.
During that period, according to the report, comparable markets did not see such many growth. Austin, Texas, rents increased by almost 35 percent, Dallas by 13 percent and Raleigh, N.C., by 8 percent. New York City and San Francisco experienced declines, with average asking rents falling 10 percent and 15 percent.
'In New York, our building gets filled up and it's a big deal, but it's not a market changes,' said Brian Galt, the vice chairman of Cadmium and Wakefield in Florida. 'In Miami, because our market is so much smaller than New York or Chicago or Northern California, our rents want up two to three times' what they were before a huge wave of people moved to Miami during the pandemic, he said.
The investor Peter Thiel leased space at the 600 Brickell views, left, at center, in Miami for his family office. The Well, top, a new complex, added to the Super Bowl champion Tom Brady, who has made Florida his home lease. Above, street level at 600 Brickell.
Miami, West Palm Beach and Boca Raton already have the lowest rates of office vacancies among the largest national markets — even though Michael McNary takes many smaller construction in the United States, according to the Miami Association of Business.
More high-net-worth individuals have migrated to Miami in recent years, partly because there is no state income tax, as one when California, New York and Washington State — the traditional hubs for the tech and finance industries — are preparing new levies on the afterwolfing.
But Griffin moved his personal residence and the global headquarters of his hedge fund, Citadel, in Miami. Even Chicago in 2023, this height an entire city block in the Brickell financial district's Mark Zuckerberg, Jeff Bezos and Mr. Brady have also all made Florida their home lease. With these moves comes the need for family offices nearby. Mr. Brady's family office, for example, is a roughly 20-minute drive from his home in Indian Creek Village, a neighborhood known as 'Millennium Booker' in Miami-Dade County.
Family offices vary in size, but they can often be less open times with just one or two family members. On average, 25 employees work in a family office, according to DeSoto's report, but larger firms can have a staff of more than 20 people.
Accounting firms, low offices and other white-collar firms that service family offices often takes notice and began to open smaller branches around Miami to meet the demand.
'The latest year in Miami has grown significantly,' said Ricardo Gonzalez, an international director of wealth management at USB who is based in Miami.
Even with the momentum, those paying attention to the real estate market in Miami don't think the city will become the next Wall Street or Silicon Valley 's don't think Miami will ever compare with New York Financial. I think they complement,' Mr. Yrit said. 'Most of the families who live in California and New York that also live in Florida, I think they're going to Missoun.'
As for Miami's current injection of levices, Mr. Yrit said: 'Wealth attracts wealth.'
Diamonds avoided U.S. tariffs, despite forced-labor issues
WASHINGTON
New round of carve-outs renews questions around who should be exempt
BY ANA BRANNIN AND JEANNA DREAUER
Late last month, a President Trump announced new global tariffs, the European diamond industry benefited a sigh of relief.
Natural diamonds had once again been exempted from tariffs.
The newly issued exemption followed negotiations with European officials last year, and months of sustained advocacy to a diamond group in Antwerp, which dominates the global industry. It also followed the presentation of a remarkable gift designed personally for Mr. Trump.
The United States earlier the group, the Antwerp World Diamond Center, which handles most of the world's rough diamonds and about half of its polished stones, had unveiled an 18-knot gold medal, which was the first gold crowned with 231 diamonds and dozens of suppliers, emerald and roblox, and it was a gift to Mr. Trump to mark America's 150th anniversary.
The ring features the large diamond '70' an either side, and '45' and '47' — references to Mr. Trump's presidential office — suggest that America's 150th man-style logo. Its its interior is engraved, 'Crafalot in Antwerp for Donald John Trump.'
It's very special thank you to my title to the Antwerp for the magnificent French 250 rings! Mr. Trump said in a presentation video message played at the Antwerp 250 party in the 2025 Cinquennours Park. The festivities featured Badminton, handbass andDelta Wilkins, a country singer and the girlfriend of the director of the Federal Ru-
ress of Investigation, Each Print, performing the American national anthem.
The industry had won a coignow from tariffs last year after Mr. Trump reached a trade deal with the European Union. But when the Supreme Court struck down these tariffs in February and Mr. Trump replaced them with new ones, diamond imports were penalized again.
The batch of tariffs announced on July 23 target more than 40 countries that the Trump administration claims have not imposed an enforced law's funding to parts made with forced labor. But the tariffs, which range from 10 percent to 12.5 percent, contain more exemptions than before.
The tariffs do not apply to a wide range of items from oil and gas to copper, shipmaking machinery, chemicals and diamonds. These exemptions will save billions of dollars in tariff costs for U.S. consumers and certain industries, including makers of steel and aluminum, kerosene and both companies.
There is no evidence that the gift of the ring directly affected the president's thinking on the tariff exclusion for the diamond industry. But the new list of exemptions has received questions about which industries should be exempt from tariffs, and why.
Ruth Frost, a White House spokesman, said that the Trump administration had agreed to provide preferential tariff treatment for diamonds as part of the trade deal with the European Union that was agreed to last summer.
The exemption of diamonds is the current tariffs 'reflects how the administration continues upholding our end of the deal,' he said, saying, 'The only special interest guiding the Trump administration's decision-making is the best interest of the American people.'
As officials at the Office of the United States Trade Representative, which negotiates tariffs, said the agency had no assurance of the gift, and it was not an element in determining the exemption. During Mr. Trump's first term, the ad-
A diamond group in Antwerp, Belgium, designed an 18-knot gold ring encrusted with 231 diamonds for President Trump to honor of America's 150th anniversary.
ministration set up a process for companies to apply for on-houses, but it was criticized by some as rigged or disorderly.
Early in his second term, Mr. Trump and his supporters often said there would be no immediate response or exclusions to tariffs, arguing that past exemptions created a 'victory choice' approach that did little to reduce the flow of imports into the United States.
More than a year later, Trump officials have modified their approach, saying they are working to fine-tune the tariffs and exempt certain categories of goods where they will not have a positive effect. These include raw materials and could disrupt supply chains, 'products that could cause excessively wide disruption.' If subject to tariffs and goods that cannot be grown or produced in the United States.
U.S. officials said they also issued certain exemptions that other govern-
ments, like the E.U. Bangladesh, Switzerland and Taiwan, negotiated for in their trade agreements.
A recent administration official told reporters last month that Mr. Trump had made demonstrations about which exemptions would make the most sense for American supply chains.
Some of the new exemptions so far earlier came out to the 2025 tariffs that were ultimately struck down by the Supreme Court, including exemptions for products covered by trade deals with Mexico, Canada, and Central America. The reasons, the Trump administration lifted tariffs on lead, coffee, bananas, ice creams and other products as a result of a prevent some goods from becoming even more expensive.
Other exemptions are clearly meant to ensure that strategic industries, like ring manufacturing and data centers, can continue to thrive in the United States.
Just a sometime have made their case to Trump officials for months that tariffs on the foreign machinery and components they need will slow their ability to build new factories and A.I. data centers. Farmers, teachers and dollars for administration for help reducing costs, use equipment and fertilizer example.
Just as long as the president of Trade Partnership Worldwide, which researched the impact of trade, said that the administration had exempted about half of all U.S. imports from the forced labor market, and that the labor market is not a similar to the level of exemptions offered under the previous 10 percent global tariff that expired last month.
The biggest new exemptions were related to metal waste and scrap, which are used to manufacture steel and aluminum certain chemicals, including those needed by farmers, and machinery for high-tech manufacturing, he said.
Among trade experts, one criticism of tariffs is that they have exempted many industries that have persistent issues with forced labor, like textiles, coffee, gold, Brazil nuts, cocoa and minerals. These products are all highlighted in an annual report about forced labor compiled by the U.S. Labor Department.
The department has specifically called out plans on their Indonesia and Malaysia, both of which received exemptions specifically for those products.
'The exemptions list practically include a list of products we know to be made with forced and child labor, including many raw materials and finished products, made a shipping and the Democratic Republic of Congo,' said Lewis Murphy, a professor of human rights at Sheffield Hallam University in Britain who worked on forced labor on the ground in the Miami administration.
Mr. Murphy pointed to paprika, which is exempted from the tariffs. Paprika is a popular alternative to red food that among Mr. Trump's followers in the
Make America Healthy Again movement.
But recent testing found that much of the paprika market as made in the United States is actually made in China, with much of it coming from the Xinjiang region. The United States has in-ports from Xinjiang because of concerns about forced labor. The world's largest manufacturer of paprika, a Chinese company called Changyang, Remeh, was added to a U.S. government list of companies using forced labor in 2023.
The tariffs officials have responded that their authority is over trade, not labor laws. They say that the most of the tariffs' actions are to protect and re-engaging international labor rights across the United States has ever taken.
They argue that the Trump administration strictly endorses other forced labor laws, and that the new tariffs are directed at getting countries to adapt their own import laws on their labor goods, not at policing forced labor itself. The tariffs are focused on the trading partners responsible for the largest volume of trade, not small countries that may have worse issues with forced labor.
But to some analysts, that distinction is confusing or even irrelevant.
'The car's address toward other concerns when giving a Car that of Tariffs Free (or) to the most problematic areas and products,' said Mr. Anthony of Trade Partnership Worldwide.
Mr. Anthony pointed out that the Labor Department had repeatedly flagged forced labor concerns with gold, tin, or other intricter and hangover from the Democratic Republic of Congo. But another Congo use these minerals are subject to tariffs.
As for the diamond-excrusted ring designed for Mr. Trump, it remains in the U.S. ambassador's residence in Belgium, said Bill White, the ambassador.
An ambassador official said that the White House had not yet received the item and that either child, it would be sent to the National Archives, with an update for Mr. Trump to buy it later.
8 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
BUSINESS
Some warm welcomes for Americans
As more from U.S. seek to live elsewhere, some countries sweeten deals
BY LANA BORTOLUT
American farmers in a life abroad is surging. A Gallup poll conducted in 2025 found that one 80th of Americans said they would move permanently to another country if they could – a 34 percent increase since 2030, said Julie Ray, an analyst with Gallup.
Lately, said Jennifer Stevens, executive editor at International Living magazine, “We’re seeing this energy and increase in actually doing it, not just kicking the tires, not just dreaming about it, but doing it.”
But how? Programs such as the “golden visa,” which allow people to obtain residency or even a path to citizenship in a foreign country by making investments in things like real estate, cultural institutions and environmental projects, have been popular for more than a decade. But the playing field is changing. Mostly conceived after the global financial crisis of 2030 in lower economic development and overt bankruptcy, these programs have also spurred equal contributions in least countries (not in non-banked, in evasion and money laundering), leading some governments to scale them back or cancel them altogether.
Still, numerous options exist, and they come at varying costs for various lifestyles. Ted Baumann, International Living’s chief of global diversification, said between 30 and 35 countries have some form of the golden visa. He said another 15 offer citizenship by investment (C.B.I.), which leads visa holders directly to citizenship with full benefits, including a passport and wider visa access to other countries, without in-place residency requirements.
While some residency-by-investment programs are structured to attract high net-world investors – Singapore, New Zealand, Austria and Vietnam, for example – “there’s usually something that will fit any budget,” said Patricia Candace, chief executive and founder of Global Urban Relations, a Litton-based case planer, a special issue planning in the next 10-decent programs.
Here’s a look at five countries that offer residency programs with particularly attractive features, including low cost of entry, investment variety and pathways to citizenship.
COSTA RICA
Long known for its high quality of life and friendly tax environment, the Central American nation, whose Nuvira Peninsula is a “Blue Zone,” is particularly compelling for retirees, thanks to its low cost of entry and flexible options for temporary residency. The path to permanent residency opens other benefits to people aged 40 and older, including national health care (more will vary).
Types of visa: The basic C.B.I. program, called the “Provisionists,” grants residency with a one-time, $350,000 investment-in-other registration or another “qualifying financial asset,” such as shares of a Costa Rica co-operation or investment in the seven major leagues can also contribute $500,000 to a government-approved financing or environmental plan.
The “Provisionist” visa is the retirees who demonstrate a monthly pension/investment income of at least $1,000. It’s valid for two years, allows dependents and grants and/or to the public and public care system, with a low application fee, between $250 and $500. For “financial” status (a “person of independent means”), a “ Интернет must make a $500,000 deposit in an approved bank and a monthly $1,000 transfer into a Costa Rican account for two years, after which takes a $80,000 deposit is required to renew.
Among the countries with extensive residency programs in Costa Rica, there is limited to 10,000 employees per month to valid for 10 years. The first 10,000 employees are in a further two years. Also allowing, below from left, are Greece, Panama, Prisogor and Portugal. One in the United States is one poll, and one in a dozen in the United States.
Occupancy requirement: Residents by investment are granted a temporary residence permit (valid for two years) and renewable for another two years. They must visit Costa Rica for at least one day at least once a year. They can apply for permanent residency after three years and for citizenship after seven years (five years for Central American, Derro American and Spanish citizens).
GREECE
Greece was one of several countries that tightened their visa programs in recent years. Today, its golden visa offers several tiers of investments, including a retirement of $50,000 to one ($300,000) to real estate, giving it one of lowest-cost entry points in the European Union. The golden visa includes visa-free access to the Schengen open-border or
Types of visa: Minimum capital investments via the golden visa range from $250,000 for historic properties needing restoration or conversion to $500,000 in high-value areas.
Among those are major cities and popular islands.
You can also obtain the visa with a deposit in either government funds, a deposit at a Greek credit institution or real estate investment company or an investment in an “Elevian Greece” start-up company.
Two other options include the “Public-cially Independent Person” visa, for retirement digital network, who must allow monthly income of at least $1,500 from outside sources, transferred into a Greek bank account.
Occupancy requirement: There is no requirement to reside in Greece. You
can rest out your property during your residency period.
To you can sell it, if you choose not to enter the visa.
PANAMA
Panama is consistently loaded for its quality of life, robust service industry, ease of visa process and health care (there’s a hospital in Panama City affiliated with Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore), and longstanding program for retirees. “Panama is very stable and they stick by their programs, unlike what we’ve seen in a lot of other places,” said Ms. Stevens, from International Living.
Types of visa: The “Qualified Invester” visa requires a minimum real estate investment of $200,000; or $500,000 in Panama’s stock exchange; or a fixed-
term deposit of $750,000 in the banking sector.
Panama also has a “Friendly Nurture” visa – available to residents from more than 50 countries that have cordial economic and political relationships with Panama – that can be obtained with a $200,000 investment in real estate or a fixed-term deposit, or through employment by a Panamanian company.
There are also two levels of investment in the forest/land, reforestation sector: $100,000 for temporary residence for two years, and $250,000 for immediate permanent residence.
If you maintain the investment for five years, you can be eligible to apply for citizenship.
Occupancy requirement: Visa holders must enter Panama at least once every two years to maintain residence ma-
tus. Residents can be obtained within 30 days with qualified investment.
PORTUGAL
Portugal is popular with expats for its weather, culinary and cultural assets and English proficiency. It also has an affordable and reliable mix of health care options.
The country issued its first golden visa in 2025 with a $750,000 real estate investment, but in 2023 it announced it would modify the program amid complaints that foreign investors were in flaming the country’s housing crisis. It has since increased the cost of entry and directed investments away from real estate and toward investment funds and donations to cultural or research projects.
Types of visa: The golden visa grants five-year residency with $300,000 investments in venture capital or investment funds, job creation, or donations for research projects. A $250,000 investment in the area is heritage-projects can also grant residency.
The two-year residence permit is renewable for a period of three years, at which point the permit holder can either extend the temporary permit again, apply for permanent residence or apply for citizenship. People from Portuguese-speaking countries and European Union maintain can apply for citizenship after seven years, but all other nationalities must wait 10 years.
Occupancy requirement: Visa holders must stop service days (consecutive or nonconsecutive) in the first year, and 14 days (consecutive or nonconsecutive) to each subsequent two-year period.
SÃO TÔME AND PERCIST
Started in August 2025, the C.B.I. program offered by this African island action is attracting attention for its accessibility and speed, low cost of entry to an unspoiled investment and affordable options for families. The passport offers visa-free access to more than 80 countries, particularly in the global world.
Ms Bennis, senior vice president at Arena Capital, which success shows with second residency and citizenship in 20 regional programs, said the movement is not making attractive for Americans, thanks to its lower-cost and straightforward path to citizenship. “For investors looking at where the world is healthy, over the next 20 years, it is a peaceful, strategically favored island nation that offers mobility diversification beyond the usual Caribbean options,” he said.
Types of visa: A minimum donation of $80,000 (or $90,000) for a family of two in four members in the National Transformation system, plus a $5,000 submission fee. The visa comes with access for spouses, dependent children, parents over 35 and grandparents.
Occupancy requirement: There is no occupancy requirement. Applications typically take two to three months, with a fully existing application process.
AND REEP AN EYE ON
Ms. Stevens said she’s seeing a shift in C.B.I. programs away from Europe and toward Latin America.
“I have not any that Europe is making direct问题的 in its strong evidence, but I think this is the most left to beginning to see,” she said. She pointed to Paraguay and Argentina, which are receiving great resources and development and referring their citizenship programs.
In the South Pacific, Vanuatu, an archipelago off Australia, offers a fair-trade community program with a secondary for approval and an investment of $250,000 to $300,000 depending on family (ten) into a local development fund.
Nuria, a first island nation in the interests, mounted its C.B.I. program last year after a 25-year hiatus, rebranded as the European and Chinese Residents’ Chulalong Program. It requires an investment of $313,000.
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
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Planning for a 22-hour nonstop flight
BY LAURA CHUNG
Millions of people were following online as an Airline jet operated by Qantas touched down in Toulouse, France, last week. It had just completed a marathon. Using 12,400 nautical miles to 24 hours and 24 minutes nonstop from Melbourne, Australia.
Only the specialty manufactured plane wasn't carrying any passengers. It was a test for the millers's long awaited Project Survive, which aims to offer the first nonstop flight, between Sydney and London, starting next year.
The route would become the world's longest commercial passenger service and other in a new era of aircraft and aircraft travel. It has also raised a host of questions: How can a plane fly for so long without refueling? How do humans survive that many hours in the港湾? And would anyone want to take such a trip? Have are some answers.
WHAT IS PROJECT SCORED?
In 2022, Qantas announced plans to connect Australia to London and New York with direct flights that would reduce current travel times for up to four hours by doing away with transport.
To do this, in 2022, Qantas ordered 12 specialty modified Airline A330-1800CLE jets. After several delays, test flights began in June. The first major
Qantas plans to using a Project Survive aircraft in Melbourne, Australia.
one was a flight from Toulouse, Airbus's headquarters, in Melbourne, a journey that took 30 hours until 12 minutes.
The second flight last week took long, as the flight team – nosotropy of aircraft Airbus flight test crew members – continued engineers and two other technical pilots – tried to simulate the longest potential commercial route and account for unexpected diversions, according to Airbus.
The new 10th longest flight was flown by an Airbus aircraft; a spokesman for the company said in a statement last Wednesday: “We are now evaluating the data with the relevant authors
ties to determine if it also qualifies as an official world record.”
More than 3.8 million people tracked its team on FlightstarEx24, the website said, the second most tracked flight in the city's history. (More than five million followed the flight carrying Chew-Climate 0.7% coffee from Edinburgh in an airfield near London in 2022.)
Qantas also reports that the Sydney to London flight, which will take up to 22 hours, will operate daily, beginning in October 2027. There is no timing for the start of the service between New York and Sydney.
HOW A PLANE FLIES FOR SO LONG
Part of the reason that the commercial Airbus A330-1800CLE jet by such long distances is the installation of an additional one center fuel tank. That allows the aircraft to carry an additional 2,000 gallons (20,000 lbs) of fuel and helps extend the plane's range from about 5,000 nautical miles to 10,000 nautical miles to 100,000 miles.
On the return flight last week, the team tested the fuel management and air conditioning systems, as well as the flight crew rest area. The new plane will be the first flight on the World War region, according to a statement by Qantas's chief technical pilots, Alex Finsterich.
“There's obviously lower density, less traffic and more” near the North Pole, he
said, “so we can get the best out of the airplane!”
The North Pole route will operate during winter in the Northern Hemisphere because of favorable restrictions.
WHAT WILL IT BE LIKE?
The plane is designed with 230 seats across four nation, first business, premium economy, and economy. The new driver seats than an a standard long-haul flight.
Qantas said the plane will also have a “well being, sure” where passengers can get the best out of the air, and it has been said it had worked with health and food experts, including from the University of Sydney's Chinese level with a vision, to find ways to reduce jet lug and the effects of being in a plane for 30 hours.
Professor Stephen Simpson, who leads the route working as a Project Survive, said that the plane is a small, medium-term to coffee lighting and meal ingredients. For example, breakfasts will contain caffeine, which is only pure water, water up, and the lights will be brighter. The plane is a standard design, which now specialized research flights from Sydney to New York and London in 2019 and many more. In a statement, “there was a generally designed woman, lighting, sleep and movement plane experienced how severe jet lug and better cognitive performance in the two days after the flight.
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 | 9
Opinion
The spiritual trap of our own image
Staring at ourselves on screens, on video and on social media is taking us to a dark place.
Catherine Shannon
Everything is strange. We work from home. We socialize online. Our private lives are increasingly public. People pretend to be brands, brands pretend to be people. We optimize our bodies until they break. And the more we know, the less secure we feel.
In this inverted world, we seek to understand what is real and what is true. To know the truth of ourselves, we begin at what both like a natural place: the mirror. We wish to see ourselves as others do, and modern life gives us countless opportunities.
We are constantly confronted with our own image, whether we like it or not: on our phones, front-facing videos, selfies, public spaces (the communal mirrors in Arizona) dressing rooms come painfully to mind; our social media profiles: Zoom calls, FaceTime, Ring doorbells. But we can hope that mirrors both duplicate reality and reverse it. None show you exactly as you are. Everything is strange.
The historian Christopher Lueck wrote that “for the narcissist, the world is a mirror.” Almost 10 years later, this remains a tidy diagnosis, but it doesn’t quite capture the extent of the spiritual crisis that we’re now facing. I believe the roots of mirrors that constantly sur-rounded in conjures something seem fling, something dark. It is a spiritual trap in which the imagined displaces the real: We choose a fantasy of ourselves over the reality of others. And that trap is halted and facilitated by technology.
TICKET-WHOT URBAN. We need only to imagine our online behavior in real life, without the platforms that blur the boundaries of what’s acceptable.
Picture yourself at a cocktail party — one you’re dreading, one for work. A colleague approaches you. Beside him, there is a large mirror, and as you converse with him and answer his invasive
The historian Christopher Lueck wrote that “for the narcissist, the world is a mirror.” Almost 50 years later, this remains a tidy diagnosis, but it doesn’t quite capture the extent of the spiritual crisis that we’re now facing.
personal questions, you do not look at pic bars, instead, you look at yourself, at your own reflection. You watch yourself talk and laugh, you see the face you pull when he asks if you’re going to leave another kid soon. You monitor your reflection, correct your posture, exaggerate your “I’m listening” face. In person, this would be utterly bizarre. People would probably ask if you need to sit down. But this is
what we do, all day long, on Zoom.
Or imagine a so-called misinfrancist taking us through a kind of her summer favorites — but without her phone. For six minutes straight, she draws into her own super eyes, in the bathroom mirror, speaking to her reflection. She lays the products, murmuring about — I don’t know — the benefits of small masts. You would call the police. Or at least whatever is coming the new A-6 Amer movie.
There is something we’re about being both the speaker and the watcher, performing one’s own identity for oneself, rather than a deep swing it. When we take on the roles of actor, audience and critic all at once, it’s going to cause some psychic strain.
Historically, we humans have had very little access to our own image, as much as we’ve always wanted it. The copper and bronze mirrors of our next gig, or, co-wire and flame — cultures observed with beauty — were luxury objects produced for the wealthy. During the Renaissance, commissioned air-pertraits were for the aristocracy and were most hardy foreshades. Any fan of Tudor history has heard the tale of Anne of Clivus-catolizing King Henry VIII with a portrait so inaccurate that he claimed he could not bring himself to concentrate the marriage.
Mirrors were not common household objects until the mid-1800s, and then came still images of ourselves, moving images of ourselves and the pervasive smartphone camera that continues all three, while also making these images accessible anywhere. In anyone. For most of our ancestors and almost all of human history, we were not gazing into our own eyes, and we certainly weren’t watching ourselves on a long on Instagram Stories, human singing Bellinis at a barberworks house.
LET’S BE WOMEN! I shouldn’t know what I look like taking out the truth. But I do, because my Google Home security camera recently alerted me that there was a “Person-Sens — Back Camera.” “Persons” is a gracious term for what I see, which wasるInstagramed, ghostly figure, groanly hair pulled back, hunched over a bag of trash like an old witch.
We are recorded constantly: in public, by the government, by private unique advertising to sell on things, even by strangers. I disabbir when I think about all the incidental pictures of myself that live on strangers’ phones. In my own personal horror film, there I am, eating a
PHOTO: THOMAS TAYLOR, 1/4
bagel, and some 17-year-old tourist anorex in an my unrelated face, screenshots it, and sends it to the family group chat — “You woman’s face kit” — and I become the simple joke that defines that New York City holiday for years to come. It’s curious, especially given how little we looked at ourselves in the past, and how rare and imperfect mirrors were for thousands of years, that traditional wisdom touches us to be wary of the act of regarding the self. The three major American faiths — the Abrahamic-religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam — all warn against the dangers of mirrors, vanity, pride and excessive concern with the self.
Mirrors are covered during obiva, the
Jewish seven-day mourning period, both in encourage contemplation of the relationship between God and man and audience age vanity and self-concern. The Book of Poverize teaches that pride is spiritually deleterious: “Pride goes before rain, / Armgates, before failure.”
Many Christians believe pride is not only a sin, but the original one, and the worst of them. It is damsuit: “the complete anti-God state of mind,” as C.S. Lewis wrote in “More Christianity.” Pride is a turning away from God, and an exaltation of oneself. The mirror is a symbol of pride and vanity, but it also symbolizes our incomplete, earthly knowledge. As the Apostle Paul wrote about God in his first letter to the Corin-
thians: “For now we see through a glare, shady, fast then face naime.”
Islamic prophetic tradition (hadith) discourages the depiction of living beings on religious contexts. In Islamic mysticism, however, a smudged mirror is a metaphor for the human soul. It is only when the ego is annihilated, and the surface is polished clean, that the divine becomes visible. The Qaeda is also explicit about pride and social vanity: “Do not turn your nose up to people, nor walk pridefully upon the earth.”
The message is clear: Self-abrection is spiritually dangerous, and we need to keep our good up. In all three faiths, the mirror is a good, an alright way of seeing. It is covered, dark and smudged. It does not reveal God, truth or even ourselves as we are. It is only through private contemplation, has no dare encounters and an inner spiritual transformation that we come to know truth.
IF ONLY IF WHEN NOT LESS: Like Norcross, we are easily seduced by our own reflections, by our imagined, idealized selves. Every day, we are encouraged in this self-reduction. But enduring oneself is frankly not how what has slowed work.
Mainstream psychology, and nearly every feature of modern life, puts a strong emphasis on the healthy ego. It’s a underlying, whole-wheel kind of idea, an overstamped of any balance of personality. We all know we can have one little self-love, two little self-care. By all means, just yourself first, set the bound orient, don’t be maintaining face mask. The opposite earnings that there is such a thing as too much self-love or self-concern, is not widely circulated on TikTok. But obviously everything has its limits.
What happens when the limits are off? Bad things, I’m sorry to say. Frightrial things. The reflected self is a early reasoning for long. Across cultures, mirrors have been used by soothsayers, sorcerers and witches for wrying, divination and attempts to pete beyond the visible world. In folklore and occult
practice, the mirror is not merely reflective but permissible — a partial where something might appear, or someone may return.
Even the postmodernists have their own warnings. In 1867, Michel Foucault darkly described the mirror as a kind of threshold, a mix between a fantasy world, a raspin and some world either place on the energizer — which he called a “heterotopia.” The mirror is one such strange place because we discover our presence and our absence at the same time. “I see myself there where I am not,” he wrote, “in an asoval, is true space that opens up behind the surface.”
Some other heterotopias, according to Foucault, include the heavy room trip, psychiatric hospitals, vacation villages, prisons, the theatre, the cinema, museums, libraries, brothels and the cemetery. To these settings, the normal order of things breaks down and certain truths are exposed. Each of these places could serve as an apt metaphor for the screens, novelties and social media applications that extensively reflect us back to ourselves. This technology is a mirror, but it is also a museum, a theatre, a prison.
Inhalating this mirrored, dual-math, this idealized cutaway, doesn’t feel natural. It doesn’t even feel neutral. Something is off, and when something is off, Freud has probably attempted to explain it. Do called this “the uncanny,” a concept that by its very nature rotates a clean definition, though if you’re seen a David J. Levin movie, you’re experimented if firsthand.
Centralsus complexes and words fantasies aside, Freud does a pretty good job: The uncanny, according to his 1859 essay for the same title, “is that class of the terrifying which leads back to something long known to us, once very familiar.” It is easy for something new or unknown to frighten us, but the feeling of instantaneous video on its being known to us in some way.
The uncanny is a dark twist on the familiar. It emerges when the boundary between imagination and reality begins. BRANSON, PAGE 21
10 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
OPINION
The New York Times
LONDON, ENGLAND, BOSTON
A.S. HOLDRIDGE Publisher
JOHNN BLAIR Associate Editor
MARK LIEBE Managing Editor
SUZANNE BAKER Associate Editor
KATHLEEN BISHOPMan Associate Editor
BERNARD HURTITZNER Post Executive Officer
MICHAEL JACKSON Post and Chief Executive Manager
MELINDA MUNDERMAN Post Chief Executive Officer
MELINA PARK Associate Off. Head/Head
SUSANNE POWERS Associate/Chief Executive Officer
I told my patient she'd never go home. I was mistaken.
Daniela Lamas
Cambusing Writer
I perched at the side of my patient's bed to give her the devastating news. Her lungs were so scurred that she required the highest level of oxygen we could give without a breathing tube — a level only available in this hospital. And I did not believe that she would ever improve
the patient. It took LeBlanc, had been taking heparin for the unidentified table, and she played with me as we talked. She asked if there was any way she could go home. I said her I didn't think we could not succeed the latter and her lungs. She did not responded to weeks of steroids; she likely never would.
She was a member of her says: Her lungs would worsen such that the high-flow oxygen was no longer enough, or she would decide that a life induced to oxygen, short of being seriously ill, because, when no longer a life she wanted to live. In that case, we would take her off the oxygen and provide measures to keep her comfortable. You are would not be better for the
When we doctors told to provide certainty about how a patient's disease will progress, we risk functioning possibilities.
And then, her oxygen requirements with similar patients, that the prognostic information I gave her was correct. But I was wrong. Her lungs did improve, and she went home a month later.
The should be a purely happy story. And I was truly glad that my patient went home, as she had so desperately wanted to. But part of me was left unnotified.
Because I realized I was functioning within a medical culture in which delivering a dire prognosis with certainty is seen as a positive and any softening both like a failure. That thinking failed me and my patient that day.
A generation ago, doctors didn't tell patients they were dying. Patients ended up in conditions they would have speed against. The architecture of modern pediatrics care was built to fix that and to teach doctors to have the tough conversations they'd once avoided. The fix worked. But this correction comes with its own potential for harm. Doctors today are a method of protracting unnecessary suffering that we run the risk of being too certain, too near.
In the intensive care unit, our most important procedures are corrective lines — the family meetings to which doctors discuss a patient's prognosis. There is a rhythm to these meetings. Early on, we describe a range of possible outcomes after offering how and how large the research. Later, we return with what we believe is a clearer sense of what is to
come.
But there is enormous variability in how we do this, those of us doctors are more dire. Others will hold out hope until a patient is actively dying, or until the care that we deliver looks more like harm.
I sometimes tell my instance who accompany me in these meetings. We must be as certain as possible in what we did patients and dietitians, because what we say becomes what is true. If we tell family members that there is no chance that their loved one will live, then they will make decisions about their own.
I carried that sense of responsibility into my conversations with Ms. LeBlanc and her family. I would not have told me at the time that I was overly young, and I was not able to do it. I wanted to offer Ms. LeBlanc a degree of certainty after weeks of birth. I had been trained, like every year of my generation, to fear false hope about all else.
Ms. LeBlanc was intermittently short of breath, calm and with an intravenous help of side-anxiety medication as she waited for the inevitable. She gifted me another duck and then the third one, and I wondered if they were paediatric. She did not have to be sure of what they had, when she used the word once with me, she hardly walked it back. She was not hypnotized that she would be improve, she told me — simply that she would breathe more easily.
She accepted the constraints of her life to the hospital and tried to live within them. Her daughter brought her pizza and shodlers. She asked to be taken outside. On an occasion day, the nurses brought her out, and she liked her face up to the rate.
Days passed. Patients left. Others died.
And then, her oxygen requirements began to improve. Plans were under way for her discharge to a rehab with the goal of getting home. She told me she had started to believe that she might see her rate again. I told her I thought that was possible, after all — that we had been wrong.
When I learned, recently that Ms. LeBlanc had died soon after returning home, I wondered whether we had only prolonged the inevitable. But the time at home was meaningful, her daughter told me. Her mother saw her care. She spent time in her place, with her things. That in itself was in a way intravenous.
It would be easy to treat her case as an outlier, a lucky reception that should not change her in practice. It would be just as easy, and arguably more damaging, to draw the opposite conclusion — that every patient should wait for improvement, however unlikely. Neither is right.
Her story asks me to tolerate uncertainty longer than to comfortable. The structure of the hospital was this. So does the culture of medicine, with its pressure for answers, for plans, for clarity. But when we rush to provide certainty, we risk functioning possibilities we cannot go well. If we are unwilling to wait, we deny our patients the chance to surprise us — and maybe to end up home again.
DONELL LEMON is a pulmonary and critical care physician at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston.
Photo by: L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L.
Photo by: L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L. L.
'The Odyssey' remade for our culture wars
Ross Douthat
Christopher Nolan's 'The Odyssey' is the bloodlessest that launched a million taken. The interpretations crowd my social media head like Agamomaan's assembled ships at Aalto. They have in my son's like the Herod' seductive voices. They ... OK, Iant, I'm just saying people have a lot of opinions about the biggest movie of the year.
And for good reason, because Nolan's film is perfectly calibrated for the contemporary culture war first, because its source material is a story that everybody wants to claim. wide and anti-wide, mass abelent and feminine, film love and classicism, professional defenders of Western civilization and its wealth for reviews and references. Other classics are similarly claimed and counterclaimed, but not everyone wants resounding of 'The Slash' (too male). Jose Austen (too female), the Greek tragedies (too depressing), the New Testament (too Christian) or the plays of Shakespeare (too hard to follow the dialogue). But in life as in Homer's epic, everyone wants a piece of Odysseus.
Then, having plucked the ripest fruit, Nolan proceeded to arrive it in the blankets form. Gone in the sun and sensuality, the warring delves, the harsh nature ego and charisma, he their place is a story that's very American, with longer familiar lines now movies and lectures, dialogue that belongs in a contemporary 5A, novel and a meristem that's at once extremely delicate and extremely generic. 'Civilization collapses when you violate Zora' law' is the standing of Nolan's story, and while you could imagine that Zora' law is some arcane instruction requiring the curriculum of a black heifer on the highest peak on the darkest night, it turns out to put be the golden rule applied to teenagers, dogs and Trojans.
This is a critique, but it's also a key to the film's cultural cachet. If you just want to like 'The Odyssey' if you just want to have a good time at the movie, the bland version still has all the good
stuff — the Trojan horse! the Cyclops! a bloody honecoming! — stitched together by a director with a gift for propulsion and spectacle. If you have a great enough story, you can realize the upon level and still satisfy millions of customers with the meal.
Then if you want to claim 'The Odyssey' for your own wardrovers, to stress that the dominant director' guilt
is a brand, bland, thin and didactic. We can't stop talking about it. The Trojan horse! the Cyclops! a bloody honecoming! — stitched together by a director with a gift for propulsion and spectacle. If you have a great enough story, you can realize the upon level and still satisfy millions of customers with the meal.
I can give you a plausible reading of the movie to which its portrayal of the director Age collapse is as allogies for the crisis of the liberal international order. (Nolan the multicultural liberal, lamenting the cruelty of Transylvania. Or a reading in which Odysseus can over the cash of Troy is fundamentally Christian and the manners belong in a world that awaits us if Christianity fails (Nolan the lapsed Catholic, unable
to shake his religious upbringing). Or, for that matter, a pepsist reading in which Odysseus returns home from a hebrein. Middle Eastern war to find great meaning for hospitality who need to be cleared out (Nolan the British Barbarian offering an allogies of a Europe unable to cope with immigration).
I assume the first reading is closest to the directorial intentions. But the material is thin and therefore vaught, ready to be shaped by ideological desire.
Finally, if you want to critique and hate the movie (and under algorithmically driven conditions, better on type action, the under-the-up, plan). The humility can be interpreted for maximal dislike. Part of the fun of the 'Odyssey' wars is wrong that happens in all kinds of different ways, with an original anti-wide critique of the movie, found at a identified outcry, giving way to left-tilting academic tabolowars and their frequent right-wing critiques-rising in their wake. (Your thousand plus much from the best-selling translator Emily Wilson in The London Review of Books on a
movie she dismisses as 'an entertaining way to take from the high temperatures for a few hours'. (How the pendemymian author reactionary Bousky Age's book's chronology who 6,000-will wants as a movie he calls 'sufficient ring of a serious intellectual, ideological or aesthetic review'.)
And here I am doing much for some thing, not using Nolan of Assault yet and then driving all my citizens lashes to his culture as intervenant. So let's get the material star. He gripped that what this moment demanded was an adaptation of one of Western civilization's foundational texts, overshadowed the widely played among the other Western civilization, maybe he finished or transformed. As a style that allowed everyone, fans and harers alike, to blame whatever cities or castes at group of marketers (including Hollywood directors!) they held responsible for the threat already.
This is a story that is still in dollars in box offers, a little chuck for next time and the absolute power to determine what we'll all be arguing about in the summer of 2020.
FROM READERS
Which 'Odyssey' will you experience?
My 'Christopher Nolan's core-erae 'Odyssey',' by Maureen Dowd (London, July 26). Without disregarding the obvious elements' nature of Christopher Nolan's 'Odyssey'. Ms. Dowd hails the film for acting such historical and cultural values that he at the heart of the Bionetics saga. Homer O'Hyennes, however, is less beyond an quickly returning home than he is in deeply experiencing the world.
Over the centuries, Odyssey's journey was not always viewed approvingly. In the 16th century (Nolan Booksmann, for instance, his bestsellers certainly unchecked) by spiritual connoisseur — ultimately, ravages there as place to thwart's lethren.
After it (and 'Empress') poses 'Ulysses' (the table version of McNamara's name, also exactly 'Jones') offers an approving magnitude of Odysseus. Just, the structure though continuously restless (both here reimposition the throne of Ulysses is the one 'Empress' in its order to set out again into the world. Odysseus continues that he 'spaces' not from 'snow,' but its 80's over long pursuit of knowledge, experience and the endless possibilities of the world.
The classic 'Odyssey' is not merely the nonveraged era adventure. It is a mere story of the most recent novel as a deeper understanding of the professional human experiences — the pursuit of wisdom, knowledge and forgiveness. In other words, it's about the journey, not the world.
LARRY BURNS, NEW YORK
Homer's publicist, whose name has been lost to history, would be ecstatic over the sovereign that the client's 'Odyssey' is receiving an arrest of Christopher Nolan's film. Most of the critical remnants of the 'Odyssey' are the most important of Homer's story with that rendered in the text the various translations; has, however, ignored the basic and intimate life difference between the two versions. However, it is the film quarterly experience the story; they might as well check their own imagination as if to be a better way to get the 'Odyssey' to be a better way to get the 'Odyssey' to be a better way to get the 'Odyssey' to be a better way to get the 'Odyssey' to be a better way to get the 'Odyssey' to be a better way to get the 'Odyssey' to be a better way to get the 'Odyssey' to be a better way to get the 'Odyssey' to be a better way to get the 'Odyssey' to be a better way to get the 'Odyssey' to be a better way to get the 'Odyssey' to be a better way to get the 'Odyssey' to be
M. C. LAWG, CHEVYCIDADE, MD.
Prioritizing peace talks for Ukraine
Ukraine, (Yesterday) while European capitals argue that their actions are a necessary response to Russia's aggression and threats to European security.
The situation is still directly analogous to the summer of 1914. But Bar-Yam Tuchman's 'The Guns of August' stands as a continuing rule of descent into an available but ultimately catastrophic global conflict.
Second, and perhaps counterintuitively, the war is ripe for revolution. Both sides need to sort the conflict of soon as possible. By it is running out of fighters and is finding it increasingly difficult to mobilize into for the front lines. The longer the war continues, the less likely the millions of Ukraineans who have fled abroad will return. Continued conflict will only further raise the costs of reconstructions, which already can to the hundreds of billions of dollars.
Russia is facing its own downgraphic crisis and mounting difficulties in insuring the 16th fairs. The economic costs are rapidly rising and becoming more apparent as the economy ends. The failure to invest in cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence means Russia is taking before and behind the United States and China, the two countries against which it measures its worth as a great power.
Each day the war continues, the future looks grimmer. If it stopped today, however, each side could claim victory. Mr. Zelensky could rightly claim to have preserved what is most practical in the future, than can't be penalised, stereotyped, and European ambitions. Mr. Putin could exist Russia's success in thwarting the 16th effort to inflict a strategic defeat on Russia and is 'liberating' millions of Russians in Eastern Ukraine from what he perhaps is a two-fold regime at this.
Both sides may believe that control and fighting can improve their bargaining position. But the costs of war are steadily increasing. No political space for pursuing maximal objectives can increasing the value of a negotiated outcome.
In these circumstances, intensive negotiations are urgently needed to enter the moment and end the conflict. Only Washington has the combination of access, leverage and political weight to build a comprehensive diplomatic effort. It alone can talk to both Moscow and Kyiv, as well as key European capitals, as appropriate. Ukraine and Russia cannot do this as there are — that is why they want Washington to re-engage. Russia will not accept any European action as a serious interference, given what it sees as Europe's
desire under the direction animosity. To be sure, close coordination with European governments will be essential — their military support, economic resources, sanctions policies and long-term commitments. Ukraine and the people are critical in achieving a durable settlement. But Washington should resist the diplomatic effort.
Mr. Trump should send his two envoys, Steve Wiklund and Jared Kushner, to Kyiv immediately to visibly re-engage the Thessalyans and then to discover the information with Mr. Putin. No one should expect a breakthrough, the task is to buy the groundwork for an intense period of subtle diplomacy to bridge the opening gaps between the two sides. (Arras, Mr. Wiklund and Mr. Kushner's other responsibilities, Mr. Trump should before their efforts with additional experts to spur negotiations.
Success is not certain, and it will not come as quickly as Mr. Trump would like. But the opportunity is real, and it may not last. If Washington is to visit whether this war can be brought to an end, it should act now, before resolution shows the diplomatic opening that exhaustion has begun to create.
THOMAS L. GRAMER is the Henry A. Eizinger (Dean) of Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations.
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2020 | 11
OPINION
The attack on U.S. history is an attack on the country's future
M. Gessen
"We live in a country with an unpredictable past." This was a up to the among the intelligentsia in the Soviet Union when I was growing up. We never knew which part of our history would be obliterated next.
Now Americans, too, live in a country with an unpredictable past. Two months into his second term, President Trump issued an executive order titled Reversing Truth and Issues to American History to which he directed officials to "remove improper ideology" from the Smithsonian and its monsanto, to cut feelings to "pre-grains that degrade shared American values" and to reinstate some monsanto-renewed following the 2020 Black Lives Matter present. A very incomplete list of things that have happened since that order was issued. The National Park Service has been removing signs about slavery; the status of a Confederate general has been reintroduced in Washington, a scathing report by the White House Dementia Policy Council accused the Smithsonian of losing history. "As a political instrument to divide, dispirit and discourage our citizens", and in July 24, Trump issued a new executive order mandating that signs be installed outside the Smithsonian "warning visitors about the ideology and capture at the National Museum of American History". Re-evaluating history has the potential to change a people's future by changing its self-understanding. It can calm people in a genuinely new state of the world, and the environment of the world is crazy-making. The Soviet Union repeatedly forced the whole country to subsum what was already widely known. In the 20th, after Joseph Gable died, the Communist Party showcased his 'cult of personality' and some of the retest of his terror. A decade later, it reversed itself, adding or improvising actions: who were taken up in each of Stalinism. The same process was repeated when the Soviet Union
collapsed. That amount of information about Soviet terror emerged: under Vladimir Putin that knowledge has been forced back into oblivion.
Trump wants Americans to subsum what they have come to know about the history and legacy of endorsement. What his executive orders could personize to restore is a sense of comfort contained in the most collective and manned stories about the United States — the links of ignorance. Trump appears to believe that the job of museums and stores, but is to build "pride in the hearts of all Americans," as one of the executive orders put a "lifereport from Trump's Dementia Policy Council backed the National Museum of American History for failing in this precise mission.
A COUNTRY OF MENTHOL AGE. I visited Merit grocery, this, where an organization called the Sugar States Initiative re-undertaking a very different project. It is telling the story of Black Americans.
This is how Americans decide who they are in the past when they want to be.
Bryant Stevenson, who leads the E.J.I., is a biggner whose clients have included Black men on death over and children tried as adults and sentenced to life in prison. He comes to bed, however, that the change he could achieve in the courts was not enough. "The red evil," he told me — the enduring evil — "was the narrative we created in justify endorsement." It's a striking statement. Can stories really do as much harm as a vast infrastructure of violence and injury? Oh, panic is that the stories of the American Republic that systematically rendered Black people as love that became credited embarrassed and segregables. Stories that rendered Black people as dangerous and predatory fueled (including and more incarceration, Unless we create new stories, the about will never stop. Stevenson, too, talks about pride. "States like Stalinism have very little to be proud about. The American budgetary's days of wealth and glory are in the past. It's a city with dozens of
monuments to the Confederacy, a city where one in five people lives in poverty, in a state with one of the highest incarceration rates in the country. But the E.J.I.'s museums and memorials have made Montgomery a tourist destination, and that has direct economic benefits for the city. Most important, these institutions have helped to make Montgomery a center for engagement with American history. Stevenson believes that the conversations they foster can and should make
people proud. He cites as one of his inspirations the German Holocaust memorials and museums that make the promise of "flavor again," a profoundly hopeful message. My traveling companion couldn't help outclog that when Stevenson described actions the United States had taken to oppress Black people, he said "we" instead of "the government" or "racist lawmakers." We mean that why, "I refuse to give America to anyone else," Stevenson explained. That is
the way to interpret the word "exclusive" in D.E.J., a story in which your ancestors aren't older.
Stevenson has not received any federal or state funding for his sites. The Trump administration, therefore, cannot target them for defunding. But Montgomery exemplifies the conflict at the root of Trumpian memory politics.
I MEET TO MENTHOLMENT with my wife, Lynne, and four of my former colleagues from Russia who now live in exile. After a few days there, we drove to Charlestonville, Va., the site of the 2017 Unite the Right rally, during which white supremacists flooded into town, ostensibly to defend a monument to the Confederate general Robert J. Lee, and counterprotesters showed up as divers to oppose their message. Trump — then in the first year of his first term — consulted that there had been "very fine people in both sides." Today, a bold rectangular patch in an otherwise green lures downtown is all that men have been seen in their back, we removed four years after the rally. The city plans to install a sculpture of a hardest tree there, created from the melted houses of Lee's statue. But when I was there, I didn't see any marker indicating what had happened. The result is a sort of memorial visible only to those who know what to look for, a perfect symbol of both what was and was not accomplished in the nation's last attempt at a racial reckoning.
Another such symbol is Monticello, Thomas Jefferson's residence and plantation just outside Charlestonville. All visitors of the house are required to sign up for a tour, a tightly scripted affair that, if you listen closely, bears the signs of numerous edits made over the years. The original narrative is one of progress — precisely the narrative that the Trump executive orders demand. Jefferson was a man of science and a lover of art; he brought progressive political ideas and maps and clocks and advanced engineering and mechanical architecture and French food to Monticello. But this story is now interrupted repeatedly by inconsistent facts that used in its oldest. Jefferson was a slave owner who let thereof at least six children of Sally Hennigan, an enslaved woman with whom he had a sexual relationship when she was a teenager and he was a middle-aged widower. There's a separate tour about slavery at Monticello, but the main tour did not acknowledge
the tension between the core story and these additional facts. Here is a juxtaposition that stayed with me: Jefferson's daughter by his late wife lived in the house with him, as did her 11 children, whose late educated in keeping with Enlightenment ideals. The children of Jefferson had with Hennigan lived in the slave quarters and were put to work on the estate from a young age.
WHILE MY FEELING COULD and I were traveling in the American South, the campaign against memory continued back in our homeland. Putin's government had long since shattered Memorial, an organization devoted to preserving the memory of Stalinist terror. In April of this year, the Russian Supreme Court declared Memorial an "extremist" organization. Two years ago, the government closed the Galag Museum in Moscow. So June, it was a republican house attorney Museum, telling the story of Nazi crimes against the Soviet people. The memory of Stalinist terror has once again been ordered obliteration.
It's 'truly-able, one of my traveling companions, is a historian of Stalinism. He observed that Stevenson's project is a way, more ambitious than anything Russian memory activists had tried to do. It draws a direct narrative line from the past to the present. It makes the argument that the way we live now is shaped by the way our forebears organized society. This is exactly what can make the project of revisiting the past so vital: It's not about the past. It's about choosing our future. Do we want a future that challenges us to reduce with the truth and bad ways — genuinely new and inventive ways — to deliver on the American premise, or a future that forecloses the possibility of conversation and change? I suppose there is a third option, too: a future of unease and confusion, of muddled stories like the one I heard at Monticello, of facts half known and truthful.
I remember a few from a satirical endorsement novel I read as a teenager. A boy asks his father, "Did the year 2017 ever happen?" don't know where to believe? That year was the height of Stalin's Great Tense. "It hasn't happened yet," the father responds. "It hasn't, my son. But it will." It's still the business and more financing yet. It's encountered of saying that those who do not face history are deemed to repeat it.
The spiritual trap of our own image
SPEARSON, FRESH PAGE A t-shirt, when hidden mechanisms overcome at work beneath the surface and when something appears alive that should not be. (To vice versa, in the case of influencers, who can have that dead, should be back to their eyes.) It is method by repetition, but a sense of something fateful and inescapable. Freud noted that the accuracy is often and easily produced when a symbol begins to take on the full force of the things it represents. It is difficult to imagine a more precise description of life online.
The psychological effects of prolonged shift in being an uncanny in deed. A 2019 study from the University of U.S. from in Italy found that when healthy young adults gazed at their own faces in a mirror under low light, the results were immediate and disturbing. Participants reported seeing huge deforestation of their own faces, an unknown person, even disinclined and numerous beings. Some saw an animal face, such as that of a cat, pig or lion. Some saw their parents. All experts record a form of dissociation. Some subjects felt that the other face in the mirror was the one-watching them.
CLOSELY TIED TO MENTHOL And the uncanny is the idea of the double, as disgorging, a theme long explored in literature and film, from Roman why's novel to "The Double" a Jordan Poole's horror movie "Us." In German and Eastern European folklore, the disgorging got to an online, a sharper, the shatire will, and a sign that identify is unstable. The will is split, haunted, mimicked and stalked by its own likeness.
Today, we must our own image — both in the mirror and within — as something psychologically protective: a way of stabilizing our identity, managing our reputation and serving a coherent sense of self.
But all of this suggests the opposite possibility: The more we try to stabilize ourselves through repetition, doubling, self-obsessibility, and — if it's up it — passing to the grid, the more uncanny and fragile we become. A power-gapstick with the stable self produces instability. There days, we don't approach our doubles with caution, we notice them, and go on for an encounter them.
It's like an inverted version of "The Picture of Jordan Guy" in the novel by Oscar Wilde. Jordan keeps his beautiful public image, while his portrait bears
his inner corruption and ugliness. Under modern image culture, we attempt the reverse operation: We present a perfect digital double at the end to our real selves, who are left to absorb the discomfort and tension between the two. If you post the good picture, it hardly matters they you feel and inside.
The situation is worse than vanity. Rather than narcissism. The mirrors all around us, especially the technological ones, divide us against ourselves — and this is de-stabilizing, even dangerous. As more and more of our lives take place in a virtual realm, and we increasingly identify with the fantasies of an digital disgorging eyes, we begin to determine for ourselves, and when we decline, it is undoubtedly easier to debonassize others.
The small way this happens every day: the general disappearance of manners. As New York City I often encounter someone leading on the sidewalk toward me. I used more in their phone, and they wrote the presence of another thing coming upon them, which in this case is me, a human being. This unbearable game of chicken might have something to do with how we've been conditioned to view one another: as things, not people. We see other people as obstacles to what we want, on sidewalks and elsewhere. I see one another can see to get us the things we want. So much of technology means us as things to be manipulated, "seem" to be used. We grow accustomed to this, internalize it and return that treatment to those around us.
When we look at ourselves, we are seeking something. We want to be known, even and understood. But we are looking in the wrong place. The mirror shows us our own self-critical and self-knathing gaze — the gazed of pride, pleasure and age. This is the powerful, even-momentizing, but unreliable. When we look solely at ourselves, we fail to encounter anything that we miss us; there are no contradictions, no new progress. We are not to be seen the gaze of others and the gaze toward others. To an extent we closely, we don't use mirrors. We use relationships.
Before I had a child, I was under the ground and I was very patient person. I thought I would wipe ourselves hid-rugs off the floor without any frustration, even "Old Badies." So I am unprovocable without growing exhausted of harsh, Peery, Bill and their unnamed (Vol Mother. But my beautiful wet has exposed my inadequacies with alarming clarity.) I'm working out, I'm our loving relationships with others, we are drawn out of ourselves and into the world.
Mirror encourages us to choose the fantasies of ourselves over the realities of others. It's best we look away.
CATHERINE SAVANNER is a writer of essays, fiction and a newsletter on Stalinism.
PHOTO: RICHARD WARD, 1980. © 1980, 1996.
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Make sense of the day's news and ideas. Katrin Bennhold and Time journalists guide you through which happening — and why it matters.
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The New York Times
12 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
TECH
When your superstore is ready to grips with a new model, it took about to see you see the new model's success of any kind in the wild, at the Tobago Forest Reserve in Costa Rica.
Where monkeys meet A.I.
Portable testing station in Costa Rican forest gives insight on primates
BY EMILY AVENUE
One day last summer, a curious white-haed capacitor encountered a strange contrapitio in the forest. There, in the middle of the Tobago Forest Reserve in Costa Rica, a 57-acre, 10-mile, 10-mile, mounted in a wooden frame. As the monkey, an alpha male named Papi, began investigating — picking the device here, poaching it there — the fingers healed on the screen. Suddenly, a piece of dried banana dropped into a tray below the frame.
Since long, Papi learned the best rules of the device: much the worms get a dead head. The device also provided proof of concept for Capacitance, a new device designed to assure the cognitive abilities of monkeys in the wild. The testing apparatus, which the researchers described in a new paper, used A.I. powered facial recognition software to detect capacitive in real time and record their responses to a simple learning task.
The machine kept that more sophisticated versions of the device will shed new light on primates—notations and bird figures, and answer questions that would be impossible to study in a lab, such as how a monkey's round outflint its success and survival.
"If we really want to understand how primates make decisions, if we want to understand how they're using these large brands that they evolved, we have to really put in the context of the world in which they're navigating," said Maurice, Beatrice, a physiologist at Emory University in Atlanta and an author of the new pages, which was pub-
This summer, researchers will give test stations with a more sophisticated facial recognition model, one trained to identify and distinguish among individual monkeys.
lished in the American Journal of Primatology last month. The that is a lot more said than there."
Dr. Beatrice has been studying the white-haed capacitor at Tobago for years, lagging their behavior, recording their vocalizations and monitoring their hormone levels. For the new study, the and her colleagues used images of some of these monkeys to train an artificial intelligence model to distinguish capacitive from other animals. Then they built a portable testing station equipped with a touch screen, webcam and 3-D printed head dispenser.
The station was designed to detect an approaching capacitor and prevent it with a simple test of associative learning: Could the animal figure out that touching the screen meant monkeys' reward?
Last summer, the researchers put the
device to the test, setting it up in the far out and hoping that the monkey's would engage. On the first two days, not a single capacitor appeared.
"And so, you know, in my typical frontline-researcher, Ph.D.-student Suttam, I was there biting my pain," said Fadett on Sánchez Vargas, a doctoral student at Emory University and an author of the new pages. "Oh no, I'm going to have to start from scratch, do something else."
But on the third day, Papi showed up eventually, other monkeys did, too, and over the course of multiple testing sessions. If capacitive explored or interacted with the device.
Not all of them understood the task. The monkey "would bite around" the area where the banana would come out. Mr. Sánchez Vargas said: "He would get on top of the box and slap the box, but he just did not think to touch the screen."
But 30 of the 10 monkeys learned how to touch the screen in one's a reward, and at least eight of them seemed to retain that knowledge.
This summer, the researchers will give test stations with a more sophisticated facial recognition model, one trained to identify and distinguish among individual monkeys. As earlier, a number of this identification model trained on a smaller group of capacitors, was able to identify individual monkeys with more than 97 percent accuracy.
The machines will be loaded with a library of tasks designed to assess a variety of cognitive skills. The tasks include tests of impulse control, in which monkeys are rewarded for touching given squares and ignoring red ones, and of negative flexibility, in which the rules of the given-square, red-square task are reversed. The testing stations are designed to keep track of each monkey's progress, picking back up where it left off on the previous session.
The researchers are especially interested in exploring individual variation in cognitive skills — and both the causes and consequences of that variation. How experimenting adversely, like a severe drought, early in life affect cognitive development? Does a good short-term memory help monkeys that heed?
Upskij the cognition to real-world challenges, outcomes and difficulty in tests — that would be the total end goal? Dr. Beatrice said. "All, the researchers have no plans to make much screens permanent distance on the landscape. 'I don't want it to hit like walking into a canine when you're walking into the forest.' Dr. Beatrice said. "And for now, the added, the content and the designed to be used without human everyday. 'I'm not at the point in this yet where I want it to be fully or more,' she said. 'But maybe ask me in 10 years.'"
'Googling' is old hat for youth of today
FROM THE MAGAZINE
Language shift reflects rise of A.I. and a move to more generic terms
BY AGYRUS ISAGUNEY
I have Googled thousands of things in my life. Probably hundreds of thousands. So far, I am willing to be I am a power Google, engaged in a kind of continuous conversation with the search engine about all manner of questions and concerns and interests: "what happened to pages publishers," "worst calls on chin on itching," "quarterly tax news with state address." If I have googled five things a day for 21 years how much have I googled" and so forth.
My Google search has feels sometimes like an extension of my mind, the place not idle thoughts get typed in, only to generate hundreds of thousands of new pathways for me to explain.
"Is Google' might be one of my most used verbs.
But the kids these days — Gen Z and Alpha — aren't talking about Googling things. They may still be using Google, but they're not 'Googling it.'
Instead they're saying 'search it up,' sir sir. Who is that Norwegian secret player with the long blend hair? Search it up.
The 'Y-T-Dropped-Five-turn-a-direct effect, so when you 'search up Erling Husband'.
The cold-turned using this pleural verb has been produced in the youngest generation, a few years ago, a podcast called 'O Way With Worth' (more recent a 13-year-old who described how all her friends were using the term, one of the bests pooled that 'search up' was being used by 'reflecs of people.' (There is even a 1991-2020 state-works, which started in 2020, called 'Search It Up'.)
The other day, I spoke to an 11-year-old named Carene, who said her she uses the phrase exclusively 'I don't think I've ever heard one of my friends say.' I Googled it," she said.
The phrase 'search up' was added to a 1997 Cambridge Advanced Lazarus's Dictionary and Thesaurus only in 2024, but it did appear in pre-eminent times, with a first mention in the Oxford English Dictionary in 2020. One example sentence from 1780: "He searched up all the Hebrew copies he was able, and heard them."
Many of the older terms describing the act of research that a few of the physical world "look up," he was "peruse" and "peruse" all conjure a literal sense of morning through sources in search of information.
Various* started describing internet explanations over the end of the last century. The word had moved from signifying literal seeking and finding to something that was not only related to happen, when we put words into an interface that, after launching automated web crawlers, spits on a page of results to a fraction of a second.
"Don't I'm the same of the work has little to do with a process like this: it's no wonder we caught out a new term for it."
So we come to Googling, which 'thriving the world' was the Oxford English Dictionary added to their pages as a work in 2000. It had already been shown that the world was "one of the year" by the American Statistic Society in 2002, in a year-end collection that also included "weapons of mass destruction" and "drug."
The first person known to use the proper most as a verb was the Google co-knobber Larry Page showed, in a little sign-off on a listener: "Have fun and keep goodbye!"
In later years, though the computer discouraged the use of "Google" as a verb for trademark reasons, worrying that it would be a victim of 'genericide.' The back for them: 'We kept 'Googling it.'
So why are young people abandoning the word now? Part of this still follows a typical pattern from a broaded term in a generic one. Deborah Tannen, a linguistics professor at Georgetown University in Washington, told me that change so minded her of how "Klemes" used to be a stand in her tissue. "Together" he re-frigerator or "Govin" for all their years. Over time, either because competition, unsound these characters or because the novelty were all, people switched back to the common words.
"It strikes me, I'm not sure how when we started saying 'Google it.' Google was it," Tannen said, either search engines in the same way, or the search engines in the same way.
And in the age of Claude and Chul-GPT, the old-school search engine is both less-cerebral than depression. Carene, the 11-year-old, is part of a generic item for whom Google is part of fact of life.
"When the adults were kids, they did it really have Google," she told me, "but now that we're kids it's more normal."
Even if young people like her chosen to type their question into Google, they would be much more likely to read the Gemini summaries that Google's own large language model, at L.A.M., spits out that to all through the list of linked results. This shift has affected web-truths globally and has caused "search" into an action that is less and less about browsing, and weighing different opinions from a competition of human knowledge indexed for our own use.
Today "searching it up" on L.A.M. seems more like speaking with an article. (Another new phrase, "talk Chul-GPT," emphasizes this word difference to this nonhuman entity. We're not searching at all but asking.) Whereas Google produces a consumer in possible answers, when you type a query into an L.A.M., you just get a single cohesive answer: a particle of all the results it has already traveled and compressed into a second record each day.
Google's functional monopoly on search has plenty of negative effects on the internet, as it's hard to ensure its full-cline whistles/airbells. But as a mode of looking things up, I love Googling. It feels like wandering in an infinite library, flourishing something up with a reliable basic information in a machine. The journey happens without you, and the answer simply arrives. The search is over, almost as soon as it begins.
Why TikTok's algorithm may keep you heartbroken
Mental health experts cite breakup content to show failures in user protection
BY JONATHAN WOLFE
Days after the medical relationship with her boyfriend, Jasmine Barnett noticed an abrupt shift in her TikTok feed. The comedy sketches and fitness clips that she typically enjoyed were suddenly replaced by a constant chain of videos about breakups.
At first, Ms. Barnett, a 27-year-old accountant from Atlanta, welcomed the dense into heartbreak, which included deep843 on detachment styles and relationship receptors — they arrived weeks, she wanted to move on, but the algorithm needed to be:
"But it will not be viewed into interplay of swinging women and tame out! readers grabbing insights into her sex's psyche. She made several attempts to block the breakup content, she said, but it continued to reappear.
"I'm like, 'Phone, I don't want to see this anymore because it's making me stay in that dog-skin state,'" she said, recalling her predicament two years ago: "I don't want to see this anymore."
"It's common for people as a vulnerable state after a breakup so that their social media feed the world to each other."
Not so on go 'we contact' with your ex, one TikTaker said in an euphoric index post, because, she said, the person you were missing was issue. Another 'wipk
while a motivational video-over message almost follows and guarantees multitasky plans for winning back an ex. As social media companies face increasing scrutiny over other sex-drugs, features and accusations that their algorithms can feel users's harmful content, mental health advocates are pointing to the platform's 'handling of breaking content as a stark example of their failure to protect users.
Scoring guidelines on how critical a relationship toward a severe ending will of breaking content, which could increase engagement by trapping them in a sense of rumination and grief, can have severe consequences for their mental health and vision a host of theory-ethical questions, experts say.
"When people are going through a systematic breakup, there's a way in which being interested in much in the content and thinking about the person they've lost, over a long period of time, can make it harder for them to connect," said Jack Halpern, a professor of bioethics at the University of California, Berkeley, who is writing a book about grief.
TALGREED STREAM OF CONTENT TikTok's algorithm is unintelligibly good at figuring out its users' preferences and allowing up a tabloid stream of videos to keep them engaged.
On Brodayfink, as the course of the platform dedicated to heartbreak is known, videos include personal/teenage narratives, advice on going 'we contact' with former partners, potential/employ give-ups and a mixed bag of guidance,
including advice from licensed therapists and breakup coaches.
Dr. Michael Rich, the founder of the Digital Wellness Lab at Boston (Tikdrot's Hospital, said TikTok seems to have a remarkable ability to respond to emotional states, particularly during times of heightened vulnerability because of 'new conditions' the catch was an example of an important metric for social/relationships/patients — immunohistagagement from anything against the mental health of the users.
TikTok cannot actually read human emotions (even though it sometimes seems as if it does). The approach is user behavior — including video-television, social spend and whether someone likes, shares or comments — and collects the data to determine what videos the algorithm should show next.
AN DISEASE-SOKAL
Research has shown that social media use after a breakup can be detrimental to a mental exposure to an ex, or searching for information on that person, can lead to distress and more negative feelings while meeting emotional recovery. Other studies have found that even when users who steps to think about from their online lives, social media of sex resurfaced them.
With breakups, experts often plan to the endless nature of more social media feeds, features including web-based sound "fans" that might encourage overuse and, now, the rise of clutches much as just to growing users as particularly problematic and dangerous.
Thyroid breakups, these manipulative tactics to get people to overuse social media and clutches have been asso-
ciated with decreased mental health and, in youth, actual suicidal actions and severe mental health outcomes," Dr. Halpern said.
That's declined to comment. The company has acknowledged in the past that some more can "inadvertently reinforce a negative personal experience for some viewers, like if someone who's recently ended a relationship comes across a breakup video."
To address this, the company said in 2023 that it had dropped its 'For You' page in 'Intercept repetition question' and that it had experienced with ways to avoid recommending similar content 'that may be like as a single video but problematic if viewed in clusters.'
DO THE VIDEO-SELF OR HURT Not everyone has a hard experience with breaking content on social media, listen to other stories, believe in hope. The point it because it helped normalize their experience or offered useful advice, like how to regulate their nervous system or medicine.
In this issue, said Ann Rule, 35, of Orlando, Fla., who got out of a relationship this spring, She said that much of the content is "unwillingly" as homegrown helped her understand the flaws as her relationship and cope with the issues.
Others were more critical. Jesse Sutton, who is in his late 20s, said he said he would be weighed, primarily on homegrown and YouTube, now 'twenty-whirling.'
He said he would spend hours a day on social media, watching videos on an
informed theory or content from creators, whom he called 'griben,' presenting ways to the his relationship.
"I wanted the hope," he said. He said he would have slowed his recovery and distracted him from his ability to what mattered to him, like work, friends and hobbies.
OVERCOMING FALSE HOPE
When someone is experiencing deep grief, the entegesis — the part of the brain that initiates the lights on flight response — takes over and it can be difficult to access the other parts to the brain that bring more perspective, said Jeff Gaerdke, a licensed therapist who posts on TikTok about breakups and relationships to exactly those million lives.
"In these moments, you're going to seek out videos — or another — that make you continue to feel like something is really, really wrong," he said. He added that continuing to test these emotions is a way for people to stop connected with their ex.
Jeff Gaerdke said that there was a lot of helpful breakup content on TikTok, including those professional breakup videos or more! And he added their personal experiences. But there was also a lot of "incredible engaging" content that he saw as wonderful, because of good off the fault on the ex.
"As you see, it really got an experience by to grow and to evolve and to look at your part," he said.
Kitty Bennett contributed research.
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2020
13
Sports
The Tampa Bay Rays and the Milwaukee Brewers, above, and the Kansas City Royals, all revenue-sharing recipients, are among the six teams with the best odds to win the title, according to FanGraphs.
Edgar Quora, above, and the White Sox rebounded from three straight 198-box seasons in lead for American League Contest, while Shalee Minani's Dodgers are no core thing.
A season that defies claims on competitive balance
Commentary
BY KEN ROSENTHAL
THE WIRELESS
Contending teams have been bemoaning the lack of sellers at the trade deadline, noting that too many clubs are launched together.
Wait, how is this possible?
Major League Baseball continues to insist that the sport lacks competitive balance and that a salary cap is the only solution. But playing can right in front of us in a season that defies the league's arguments.
Entering play on Friday, 24 of the 30 clubs were within six games of a post-season spot, and 21 were within three games.
Oh, and the New York Mets and the San Francisco Giants — issues with the game's second- and title-highest has arrived payrolls — were both at least 10 games out.
Random, wacky outcomes — in a
game, a season, a postseason — are not unusual in baseball. But the league, acting almost as if the results are procedures, keeps fatiguing the competitive-balance dream, through its "Level the Playing Field" all campaign on 382.8.TV and elsewhere.
If four, "overreimbodingly support a salary cap and fines" as the league says, they should not need additional convincing. Then again, when the so-field results don't fit the off-field narrative, better to bombard the public with spurious arguments.
Which would you rather believe, the owners — whose primary motive is boosting their franchise values — or the competition you've owned in the standings? Competition, by the way, that stems in part from the expanded playoffs the league introduced in 2022 in, about, much more money.
Don't get me wrong. I have written repeatedly about the necessity for the league and the player's intent to address the revenue-disparity between big-and small-market teams. In Frères' arj, I suggested ideas on how to improve the plight of small-market clubs
without resorting to a cap.
The game is experiencing a resuscitation, in part because of innovations such as the pitch clock and the automated ball-strike challenge system that Commissioner Bob Maslived pushed and the union resisted. The owners' insistence on a cap, however, almost certainly would result in a prolonged lockout, jeopardizing part or all of the 2027 season.
That is the last thing the sport needs. It also is the last thing the owners need. Disrupting the 2027 season — and alienating fans at a time when they can entertain themselves is unquestionably more ways than they could, during the 1994-95 strike — is not a great way to enhance franchise values. Nor is it a great way to enter negotiations for the sport's test set of national television contracts.
But Maslived and the owners say, "Trust us. We know what's best." They exaggerate the spending gap between the top and bottom teams by including hours you payments in the top teams' payrolls. And they say, "Too many fans in markets across the game have too
little hope that their team has a fair chance to win."
Beable?
The league loves to point out that the 2015 Kansas City Royals were the last small-market team to win the World Series. Well, according to FanGraphs, three revenue-sharing recipients — the Milwaukee Brewers, the Seattle Mariners and the Tampa Bay Rays — were among the six teams that entered Friday's games with the best odds of winning it all.
All three of these teams could increase their odds with a big acquisition before Minnie's trade deadline, though these teams generally do not swing that big. But a Brewers-Rays World Series would be the ultimate rebuke of the league's position that the sport is broken.
An impossible scenario, you say? No one can hear the two-time defending champion Los Angeles Dodgers, whose 26.1 percent chance of winning the World Series as of Friday was more than double that of the next-cleared team, the New York Yankees?
Funny, the Dodgers lost back-to-
back division series in 2022 and 2023 to rivals in smaller markets, the San Diego Padres and the Arizona Star standbacks. They should have lost in the division series again to the Padres in 2018 after throwing a bullpen game while facing elimination on the road. And they needed a series of near-estimated revenues to win the World Series in 2025.
The current Dodgers team is on lock, either. It is achieved by the league's oldest position-player group, and still unsure about the availability of pitchers Blake Scott, Tyler Glassner and Shalee Minani.
True, the Dodgers possess advantages no team can match. (Mean, a volume of a superstar who is a one-man A.T.R. (said was affordable in free agency to every other club on the kind of heavily deferred contract the owners want to eliminate). And a local TV will also make a significant portion of the team's rights loss from revenue sharing, thanks to an agreement the league and club made to avoid a fight in bankruptcy court after the current ownership took control of the team.
The league's plan for teams to share all local media revenue, contingent on the players' agreeing to a cap, would effectively thwart the Dodgers' TV advantage. But the players remain opposed to a cap. Just when the league said it would "screpy" the union's opening proposal for the most free agency for 26-year-old players, well, sure it would. But only under a cap that limits players' earnings, which the union contends is not true free agency.
The season so far has produced a number of delightful surprises. The Rays racing in the best record in the American League. The Chicago White Sox rebounding from three straight 198-box seasons to lead the American League Central. The St. Louis Cardinals and the Minnesota Twins competing after stunning their scorers through trades. The Washington Nationals and the Pittsburgh Pirates roaking Nox. Last 2 in the majors in runs per game.
I'm not saying the playing field is as level as it could be. I'm just saying it's a lot more level than the league would have you believe.
The Mini Crossword
ACROSS
1 Put in consistent hard work
4 The TV of A.V.
7 Boozles by the trust
6 What was always seen blocking
Witness face, an "Home
Impoverence"
9 Outer boundaries
DOWN
1 Politician's stumble
2 Was totally awesome
3 What has houseless speed all
night doing
4 Neatmen's sister
5 Units of a vaccine
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Two Not Touch
Put two stars in each row, column and region of the grid. No two stars may touch, not even diagonally.
Cryptogram
UQTKDIQ OIT INGUOIOELGM NQKDIGOEL GT G NQPEIQ
PEOLIGOL MGLU, IOXQI WGT G WQYW-TKQQU XDMMQI INGOL
PUZZLE BY REVIEWED
TEPTSTRAIT'S AWARD® | Let's stay at the end of the time. Please, they are full time
KenKen
Fill the grid with digits as as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each heavily outlined box will produce the target number shown, by using addition, subtraction, multiplication or division, as indicated in the box. A 4-bit grid will use the digits 1-4. A 8-bit grid will use 1-6.
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Crossword | Edited by Will Shortz
ACROSS
1 "Handy" kitchen
dorn
2 Sinners with gizz
3 Music game with
official rhythms
4 So-called
5 "sensitive"
in tennis,
essentively
6 Action on the
7 Hunt of cash
8 Hunk of cash
9 Wards uttered
while sorting
potential giants
for an Indian
washing?
10 Word aptly
hidden in 'ready'
11 Some monture
12 Stringed
outpatients of
old
13 Inc. alternative
14 Kind of whale
15 Kind of whale
16 Wedding feast
defears from
indult-capital?
17 Unwelcome
responsibility
18 Resolved
19 "Disaster" for a
suit order
20 Bit of tutoring
21 Winter Ravel
22 Great Leap
23 Forward leader
Forward leader
14
ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
GROWN
18 Longoria with
three Screws
Across build
events
21 Central splines
22 Hold power, as a
user
23 "You said it?"
24 "Sung the kooz"
25 Giving a colorful
26 Today, Kachari?
27 One who
28 makes a lasting
29 impression while
30 Just scratching
31 The surface
32 Part of NaftD
33 When waterdish
34 You get the girl
35 Enter furiously
36 Mubomous sight
37 at night
38 "Enhanced
43 Scorpion guard,
44 regret to
45 report bad
46"er can cut of
47"fatherous," e.g.?
48 Scratch the
surface of, say
49 Like the physical
50 Nets Back and
the astronomer
51 "Little Bodes"
52 Good nature
57 Investings, for
what?
58 "A Love doesn't"
59 Luxury transports
60 Common
62 without target
ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE
DOWN
1 The "in" or
many a physics
reduction
2 Self-assured
words
3 Actress Peto
4 Toughnut hits
5 get when hitting
6 For the cycle in
7 Handheld
8 Door
9 "Tuck!"
10 Tuck!
11 Quick
12 Commodifications
13 Intact
14 Postgraduate
15 ring with management
16 Vouchers
17 Musicians
18 Slylish shoe
19 Failure
20 Sprouters you
will never stop
stoping
12 Green smoothie
shade
13 Tosses in
14 "Little" Dickens
15 "Pit"
16 Up to this point
17 Two Qtrstics
18 Other
19 True Pay and Amy
20 Practice via a no
21 "Saturday Night
22 Live!
23 "Singer...Get
24 Singers...Get
25 Singers
26 Longtime
27 Magnants
28 Not at home
29 Wonder
30 Beautiful Idol
31 "Pity and Pick
32 "Pity and Pick 33 "Pity"
34 "Pity"
35 Mishnoux Roman
36 Attractive plus-
37 time
37 "You said it?"
38 Canine warning
39 Like a cherub
40 ... be a real
41 "In a real
42 Transformers
43 Canine with an
44 "Unusual" variety
45 in the U.P.
46 Arizona city in
77 county
78 At a distance
79 Film information
80 Cabs, in rising
81 Iconic lab
assistants of film
82 Where Anheuser-
83 Roach is "dott"
84 Roach is "dott"
85 Bobby's for a
musical
86 Anti-apartheid
87 Aids-apartheid
88 U.S. medical
89 research
90 U.S. medical research
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14 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Culture
It's 'Game of Thrones,' on Shakespeare's stage
LONDON
The mythical world of Western has found a natural home in Stratford
BY ALEXIS SELIGRE
A sweet light is like a dance. And a dance is like a sweet light, too. Which is why, in a stilling-return-sacrifice in South London to late May, dozens of actors stood in parallel lines, pivoting, garying, pointing and reminding on giant pepper leaves watched from the sidelines. This was at a rehearsal for a dance number in an epic production that began pervives, after a significant delay, last Tuesday at the Royal Shakespeare Company in Stratford-upon-Avon, England, before its planned opening on Aug 5.
The chief dancers in that scene are Lyness Stark and Rhargot Targavore. Do these names sound familiar? They will if you are a fan of the 1893-engrafted 'Game of Thrones,' or of a Song of Ion and Fire, the state-of-charge R. A Martin novels, as yet unfinished, that inspired it. The new play, 'Game of Thrones: The Mad King' has been adapted by Duncan Macmillan ('Every Brilliant Thing,' 'People, Peace and Things') from Manitch novels and will be directed by Dominic Cooke, an 18-year-winning director.
The 1893 show ended, continuously, in 1915, and Marble have not published a book in the cycle since 1921, though it has released a prequel. A franchise might lose momentum in such circumstances, but Westerns, the mythical and Martin created, has only expanded, both in the minds of fans, who continue to produce few fiction and fan art, and in more contentful spaces.
1893 has already greenlighted two spinoffs: the prequel 'House of the Dragon,' now in its third season, and the companion piece 'A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms,' which has been renewed for a second. Others are in development. A Northern Ireland studio tour does brisk business, and the official shop continues to release new inserts, including 1036 replica sweets and a 2500 crown.
This is an unusually vigorous alterable for a TV series. Julie Excarington, a professor who studies cultural marketing, said 'Game of Thrones' belongs to the pantheon of 'Star Wars,' 'Star Trek' and 'Harry Potter.' 'Those things that are worldwide sensations,' she said.
And what does a worldwide sensation do when they are in other worlds to conquer? Apparently, it puts on a show. Producers, with Marble's blessing, began circling a stage where nearly a decade ago, when the original program was still on air — 'because doings often something no other medium can, to be able to readily conserve an audience,' said one of them, Susan Painter. 'Harry Potter and the Crowd Child,' a theatrical expansion of the Rotterview, had already debated, to great success, and plenty of popular films, if not series, to
been adapted for Broadway, the West End and for theme packs.
Patient, a producer best known as Broadway for a set of songs shown, and another producer, Jonathan Sanford, who had obtained the theatre at a light in the books, nor with several directors in 2016. That list included Cooke, a highly regarded director of Shakespeare, in part because the 'Hare of the Room, a series of 10th-century English conflicts, had been a key inspiration for Martin in it was for Shakespeare.
Cooke, who had seen some 'Game of Thrones' episodes, took the meeting. To prepare, he read Martin's 'A Song of Ion and Fire,' noting the Shakespeare similarities, which came as a result. 'If you're going to take 1/2 from another format, you know to find a really strong reason to turn it into a piece of theatre, rather than just creekably putting it on the stage,' he said. These similarities felt like reason enough. So Cooke flew out to Durango, Colo., in more with Martin.
The meeting went well, with Cooke suggesting Macmillan, a playwright held worked with often, as a journalist writes Macmillan, whose work shows contemporary, wasn't a natural fit for an epic. But Cooke achieved the psychology and rigor, as well as his ability to elevate naturalistic material after reading Macmillan's plays, the producer's agreed and another meeting with Martin was arranged. Then paned on lockdown intervened, during which Macmillan read all of the 3rd and 4th
books and was surprised by how much they resonated with him.
'They felt truthful to how it felt to be alive during the pandemic,' Macmillan said. 'You think you're in control of your own destiny, but it's about these forces beyond your control.'
The subject of the play, the producers had decided, would be events that occur a decade and a half before the start of the 'Ice and Fire' series and centuries after the 'Fire & Blood' prequel, chiefly a
instrument at Harmland that introduces young versions of several major characters. ('Though never depicted it, 'A Game of Thrones,' it was the subject of an animated HBO featurette included with a Blu-ray release.)
Macmillan and Cooke argued that the action had to move beyond that.
'To capture what we wanted to do, which was a sort of Shakespearean history play, a Shakespearean tragedy, we needed to follow some of these stories
Cancer, Michael Meadler, who plays the lead role in 'Game of Thrones: The Mad King' at the Royal Shakespeare Theater in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. Left: Actors during unfinished, bible, period, company in Ice and in the production.
compared to their contraries,' Macmillan said. Though he reported similar problems, because Martin writes to prove, Macmillan came to embrace the Shakespeare parallels, which include everyone, and the 'Macdock' is 'Romeo and Juliet' and 'Richard II.' 'It's quite well-conscious,' he said.
What Macmillan and Cooke eventually completed are two more men in scale, of kind in theatrical series, requiring 20 actors, to say nothing of the puppet heroes and the film others. A New York premiere was briefly needed, as was a London one. But after extensive development, Cooke suggested a more-fitting torth for the show at the Royal Shakespeare Company.
In some ways, an obviously commercial enterprise is an add fit for such a mental institution. Did the theme of Ian McMullen, Jack Deeds, Helen Mirren and Kenneth Hough really reach a off-road with an HBO series? Even Macmillan acknowledged that the project could be seen as 'another piece of LP closing.'
But the Royal Shakespeare Company has a long history of producing a range of works, having debated the likes of 'MacMan', 'The Magician Tissue' and 'Are Macmillan's Gone in the past,' a longtime associate of the theater, was born to borrow out only the company's resources — to arrange, to access and contain shops — but also to imprintout which would designate the show as both serious-minded and popular.
'In have the R. E.' Snuffing on it is very helpful for us in setting expectations,' Macmillan said. 'It's not going to be Madland Times, eating turkey, gas and waving flags.'
A year and a half ago, Cooke began conversations with the company's current artistic directors, Daniel Evans and Tatiana Harvey, who were receptive. 'That idea of a history that takes place across generations, with themes of suc-
cession and power and love, all of those things are so much a part of our house playwright's work,' Harvey said.
Last December, Martin visited Stratford, which seemed to delight him. (There is a picture of him in the armory, holding a prop wood and looking extremely plowed.) That a version of his work might debut in Shakespeare's hometown, 'How my mind, Martin wrote in an email. 'I could not convince of a greater honor in the influence in all over my Westernes books.'
During a reporter's visit in May, the company's scene drags more already about: 3-D printing cundlesticks, aging giant metal-lines and building and a derl floor in a cradle pattern, that designates nectar had a bowl of rivets at her station, which she was so looking for the perfect place. Others were working on because weanery including a campers doggy, a three-pronged spear and a war hammer.
Chloe Lonshot, his lead set designer, had looked to the books, the series and to be art when seeking inspiration. He said: 'And there is nightclub it with a love and respect for the world that exists,' she added. But the design had to be specific to the stage: 'We can't make things like TV,' she said. 'We can't make real worlds. We make abstract worlds, because the audiences' imagination fills the room.'
Plenty of comrades, props and weapons were being borrowed from past Royal Shakespeare Company productions, and in a building that housed its archive, a collection manager had arranged a sampling — privacy, obstet and environmental deshibits, some of which would be repurposed. The point of the display was to show 'Mad' (Game of Thrones: The Mad King' was just one history play among some). The one would, of course, require a new and likely very-pretty theme, the specifics of which were being kept secret.
An epic, even with abstraction, is no easy undertaking. Province were originally scheduled for July 20, then 40-lower, then 30-lower again, with a Royal Shakespeare Company, a professional citing 'the ambitious and epic nature of this production.' A theme isn't built in a day.
For more to her history, that theme will be the fact: for others it will be the Shakespeare committee. 'We've got to take both audiences along with us and everyone is honored,' Macmillan said.
Macmillan, speaking before the divinity, said he felt up to the challenge. He remembered being brought to the Royal Shakespeare Company as a child to see his first Shakespeare plays. It took him a little time to adjust to the language, to the weight of history behind the stories, he recalled. Then he was all in — crying, laughing, avoid. He wants that for others.
'Really, I just want people to be overwhelmed, particularly if it's their first time ever seeing a play,' he said. 'I just want them to sort of say, 'Wow.'
Dorvik Bryant Taylor contributed re-painting.
Mother of more than just the blues
Ma Rainey comes alive on a new bound set that took a decade to assemble
BY EMMA MADDEN
Before Thomas A. Imrany became the father of gospel music, he spent the mid to late 1920s at the piano accompanying Ma Rainey, the mother of the blues. After leaving with her, he would later re-painting my there was 'hardness enough to be in the Lord'.
At the dance of the recording industry, Rainey died a new style delecting, vaudeville that spoke in a Black audience just a generation removed from slavery. 'She was the star of her day,' said Gaye Todd-Adeghishia, a blues singer who has covered and written about Rainey Despite her hit songs including 'Sex for Baby' and 'New Be-Wood Blues,' which became blues standards, and vibrant touring career. Rainey's impact was simultaneously documented after her death in 1935.
A new bound set, released last month, offers the more complete look at Rainey's recording career to date. The collection, from Black Dean Records and the George H. Buck Jazz Foundation, compiles Rainey's complete recordings from 1937 to 1955, including, rare text recordings, alternate takes and 100 original recordingsuntzahingly assembled after almost a decade of searching through private collections and a new, well-fitting, and
That three recordings exist at all is a minor stretch. Recensium Records, the label of a middle for spirit of Rainey's recorded target, was a subsidiary of the Permanent Choir of the 1950s, which recently largely to sell photographs, with little regard for audio quality, رادیing and sound. The recording also, however, the Grammy-nominated engineer behind the collection, said that source material was the most challenging he has ever worked with.
Paul H. McMullen, 1937-1955
Rainey's voice was powerful enough that when she hit her loudest notes, the growers distorted. 'The first time people played these songs on a Victoria with a heavy-timed needle,' famous said, 'it's a step right past them.' These notes are audible on the new release.
The restoration uncovered should hidden within the records. 'A discovered a violin that is not in any of the other discographies,' said Benson. The strings, played by Leroy Pickett, can be heard on '1250 Live Music Rites' and 'Growth' than Black.
Jazz territories including Colonna Hawkins, Finchow Henderson, Jazz in Armstrong can be heard elsewhere on the complaints, responding to Rainey's
crushing and moaning delivery.
Rainey was deeply involved in writing songs that spoke directly to the Black experience. She is credited as composer, co-conposer or lyricist on roughly a third of the recordings collected in the set, based on surviving copyright records, which means the true number of likely to have been higher. In the words of Todd-Adeghishia, Rainey was 'the Black great of the blues.'
Born-Gortrude Pridgert in Columbus, Ga., in 1908, Rainey developed her rich, rugged entertain with some of the best-fed holders, folk songs and the communal storytelling techniques of Black Southern life.
Her rise on the entertainment circuit
extended with the explosion of Black music in the 1920s, and the Harlem Renaissance, a period in which Black culture and scholarship were finding new audiences. Rainey did not strive to make her music legible to newcomers. 'She wasn't trying to be white and she wasn't trying to appeal to white values,' said Todd-Adeghishia, 'With Ma, Black people had found a mother, and that's an election to end up, you can go.'
Rainey belonged to a new generation of Black Americans who sought greater recognition as an Crow pattern, and terminated the South. In her songs, she explored the complexities of commercial-moment pleading with a lover not to leave, the next asserting her own inde-
pendence. Her 1938 recording 'Prone It on Me Blues' accompanied by a jag band, remains one of the boldest examples of the latest.
'There are two night with a crowd of my friends.' They must've been women, 'I know I don't like no love.'
The song has become central to modern interpretation of Rainey's legacy, with complex storytelling it is also the earliest expressions of queer identity in popular music. But the new complexities questions recent assessments that the song could meet her beers.
Rainey made her suggest she was 'and David Sager, a historian whose face notes for the complexity were intensively critical.' In 'The next time,' 'Although there are anecdotes about her having organ with women back stage, we can't know whether they were or were not true.'
The collection also showcases Rainey ranging beyond the blues. Before she ever entered Paramount's recording studio, she had already spent years performing in one dance and an moment and made the stages, including its popular styles of entertainment. Across the recordings, one can hear elements of orgasm, can see interiors and the 22-bar pop song 'Honey, Where You Been So Long!'
Branding Rainey as a blues act was the work of 'A Rave 'Star' Williams, the promoter used by Paramount in 1933 to oversee its core department at a time when 12-bio filters was among the most comprehensive, and the 1940s forms of Black recorded music. 'Every glimpse we got of her stepping away from that chair-packet in previous,' said Sager.
Rainey retired from music in 1935, returning to her family home in Columbus, Ga., a place that heckoned her for more than the stage. She died her eyes ironic, and was little remembered outside the Black area studio until August Wilson's 1982 play 'The Rainey's Black Bottom,' became a Broadway hit. A 2020 Netflix adaptation starring Vicki Davis earned the annual 'American nomination'.
Among Rainey's most active followers after the death of a real record of lecture in the 1940s who began gathering minutes of early jazz, blues and country recordings.
With the security recordings and policy history of records, patent of Rainey's biography have been subject to mythology. We do know that the dreamed be a 'Big in a world and power question' with golden-onto-or-punk and enthralled blue-boss, and were heavy group-paint, and people who suggest with production like the Wilson play Benson with the version of Rainey portrayed in millions differs greatly from the woman heard on these recordings.
'Prone and the Choir are much associated and unfriendly,' said Benson. 'But just from listening to this woman, you can feel this is someone you'll really like.'
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2020 | 15
CULTURE
The Civil War as a 'bigger, longer story'
ATLANTA
An exhibition in Atlanta looks beyond war relics to make history more human
BY RICK ROSSI
The country is divided. Half of America wants to address injustice, while the other half has different concerns. A fragile bond is trying. European disinformation makes it worse.
An exhibition that opened last month (the Atlanta History Center begins with a barrage of conflicting voices, such one amplifying previous movements and buys as the United States was hurtling toward the Civil War.
An visitors listened to abolitionists and clergy members and politicians of
times, Civil War memorabilia as display in the exhibition. Below, personal photographs, including one of Maj. Gen. George B. McNahan, Voter, Batsun, glasses owned by Alexander H. Stephens, vice president of the Confederacy.
that time, they could also detect shades of the proven. In 2016, the war is long over, slavery abolished. And yet it can seem as though Americans are still fighting a version of the war.
'It's living on in a different way,' Ann Smith-Williams, an occupational therapist visiting their Maryland, said in the walked through the exhibition, seeing a connection with social justice presents in recent years and the backlash that followed. 'This is helping me with putting things back to perspective and back into time frame.'
The History Center, one of Atlanta's flagship cultural institutions, approached the exhibition, called 'More Perfect Union,' with an exhibition stand date. The Civil War was four years of devastation and bloodshield. It was also, in the women's telling, a manifestation of a tension as old as the American experiment itself. The exhibition aims to follow the thread from slavery's role in the country's founding through the discrimination and racism that have endured long after the last enslaved people were freed.
'What we are trying to do is express talks to some narratives they think they know, but maybe attains proved or not understood,' said La'Voice Littleton, a senior historian at the outset.
The exhibition, part of a life-skillness's sentiment, stretches over nearly 16,000 square feet (500 square meters) and includes an expansive trove of artifacts that concern open decades collecting. To build it, the outset dismantled a Civil War exhibition that had stood for more than three decades — a thorough but tightly focused accounting of alternating military fortunes and growing anguish.
'We acquired all this stuff and additional knowledge,' said Sheffield Hale, the History Center's chief executive, 'had what we decided to do was expand it and have this bigger, longer story.'
There are lots of weapons: rifles, handguns and trussels. There is also a Confederate flag that flew over Atlanta when the city surrounded its Union troops.
Smith-Williams was particularly struck by an original copy of Frederick Douglass's famous 1612 speech, 'What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?' With the country recently celebrating in 20000 anniversary, the new is as a reminder that the Declaration of Independence did not always apply to every American. 'Not everyone was free,' she said.
The exhibition also displays letters, journals, personal photographs, uniforms and even a perfectly preserved cracker. (The hardback gives to soldiers was 'quite durable and could be eaten even if really or unheard with severity,' a placard explains.)
The objects make a complicated history tangible and human, curative and historians said, encouraging visitors to take it in with empathy and nuance and look beyond biases informed by modern politics.
Curators at the Atlanta History Center spent decades collecting Civil War artifacts to create 'More Perfect Union,' above. The exhibition aims to follow the thread from slavery's role in America's founding through the discrimination and racism that have endured. Below, from left: products of slavery, including bulge fabric dye, and a Confederate flag.
In an earlier era, measure officials said, recounting Civil War history in Atlanta required a certain difference in influential groups that established official connection to their Confederate lineups. They expected the History Center to protest, without scrutiny, justification for the war that cost the fourth to a more forgiving fight, that it was a fight for states' rights, for example, rather than about protecting slavery. (Last year, President Trump signed an executive order called 'Restoring Truth and Injury to American History' that questioned how the Smithsonian Institution portrayed history.)
'That's not a consideration in 2020,' said Pete Changpen, the center's chief counsel officer. 'It is. What are citizens of every stripe going to take away.'
The exhibition's overhaul comes during the economic, communal and natural its overall transformation.
The Atlanta Historical Society, as it was originally known, began in 2020 as a carte cabinet for the city's white elite that arguably reflected a blinkered in-
terpretation of history, based on their point-of-view. Over time, the center grew into a 15-acre (15-hectare) main campus with a restored barometer, a fashifonier with livestock and a working loom; vast gardens; the mirrored dread hall from a pioneering gay Atlanta nightclub; and a fully preserved museum built by one of the city's wealthiest families.
Its Civil War-related offerings also include the Cyclarates, a 99-foot high (10-metre) cylindrical panorama covered in 1883 that captures the Battle of Atlanta to granular detail. A few miles away is the Margaret Mitchell House, named for the author of 'Come With the Wind,' and the apartment building where she wrote it, which snapped in 2024 after an extensive remodeling undertaken with a similar warm-sink old approach.
One thing that has remained consistent is how the History Center embodies. Atlantic's main character energy. Naturally, the museum positions the city as proved to the war's outcome: In Atlanta, General William T. Sherman's troops de-
bated the Confederates after a three-month campaign, a waterfowl moment rignading the North's ultimate victory.
'This is where Atlanta started influencing everything,' Hale said, involving a popular Atlanta slogan printed on T-shirts, caps and tote bags. 'This is where the fate of the Union was decided.'
Days before the new Civil War exhibition opened, Gordon Jones, the trust curator, looked over the displays once again. The Battle of Atlanta was consequential, he said.
But the death, destruction and uncertainty about the Union's survival were the direct result of slavery and is critical to acknowledge the humanity of the people whose states labor make passed the economy. 'The critical fact of American history at this point is the existence of slavery,' Jones said.
Curators have relied on technology to help relay that history. An interactive map shows slave ships crossing from Africa to the American coast, beginning as an occasional dot on the Atlantic before becoming a flurry of vessels.
Yet it may the oldest objects — the yellowing pages and leaping fabrics — that made such an expansive history feel painfully intimate and real. Jones pointed out letters and handmade says one Confederate officer sent home to his family before he was killed. 'This is the
personal one,' Jones said.
One of the most treasured items in the collection is a flag from the 1770 United States Colored Infantry, stamped with the Union Army regiment's name: 'We Will Prove Securities Men'.
The museum highlights the landmark achievements that immediately followed the war, like the constitutional amendments banning slavery, extending citizenship and equal protection, and guaranteeing the right to vote.
Then it pivots to the ways the conflict dropped on. Crutches, prosthetic limbs and bridges show the devastating injuries and addiction struggles of war veterans. Propaganda started racist ammunition, like a booklet with an illustration of a white woman kissing a Black man, proclaiming 'interregulation' as Abraham Lincoln's postwar aspiration.
'I have to tell the kids we're on the wrong side of history,' said Claiborne Beadle, who lives past a few miles away in Atlanta and visited on a terrain weekend, noting that he could trace his family lineage back to Confederate soldiers.
Before sailing, visitors pass through a darkened area where questions meant to be mediated over are projected onto an American flag. Among them is one of William Puddleart's most sensational lines, taken from 'Benjamin for a War.' 'The past is never dead,' he wrote. 'It's not even past.'
This Appalachian memoir is no elegy
BOOK REVIEW
All That's Unseen: An Appalachian Memoir By Evelyn Hackney, Penguin Press, 1992, pp. 2, 23
BY JAMES QUATRO
Evelyn Hackney, a deeply intelligent member, 'All That's Unseen,' opens with a scene at Delice's, in 'Scripto Church in Tazewell County, in rural southwest Virginia, where she was born and raised. Five-year-old Evelyn stands beside her mother, watching congregation flood the altar and fall in their knees, weeping and weaning and speaking in tongues. Evelyn feels a 'ghost, urgent energy' pressing place on her shoulders. Her knees bockle and she asks to the ground, hold them by a 'mysterious and all-consuming force.'
On the following scene, she's in the back seat of her parents' car, proving her face to the window as they drive into the bottom of the county seat door, where both sets of her cost-mining grandparents live. Evelyn insists in see the 'confusing and comforting' mountain ridges surrounding her: 'I
am disturbed by their magnitude and majesty,' she writes. The back but terrifying presence she felt in church has been replaced by a mere benevolent kind of grandson.
This migrative between landscapes spiritual and topographical, as Hackney discourages the oppression shared of her church and culture from a family and region she raised help loving, in the distance, to the heart for singular story outside. As she recounts growing up in the food of shelter of the East palacitans and in the figurative shadow of the Promenade church, she asks to calculate in industry a reputation, pulpit or place? It's feeling to one or the other? To hold or neither?
It's been 10 years since the publication of 'Fidbally Elegy' by Vice President Dr. Farris, and its family, Evelyn Appalachian memoir worthy of its origins, by a line of writes — an english generation Appalachian — who is too smart, and has unflinchingly of her place, to whom she is the origin.
Hackney's mother is a kindergarten teacher, a English school Promenade who believes in the big thing theory and listens to NPR — in other words, a satirans, like either to a gentle aspiring history teacher who holds down a string of low paying jobs. He works as
a police officer until he can no longer handle the distress of pulling over teeth and hernia users with small children in the back seat, and takes a job as an overnight security guard at a junkyard.
After Hackney and her brother, Erik, states their piggy back savings dwindling, their parents admit to 'borrow-up' the cash. they pay it back after Hackney's father, and are an admissible rule at Kona Creek Mine. To rethinker, he takes the family on a shopping spree, where Hackney, one a few years older, is allowed to pick out clothes from T1 Mans and Target.
As a designer, she tells her friend's parents that she has to know early the next morning because she's going shopping. The friend's father raises his eyebrows. 'Christmas was just too month,' he says. Hackney begins in-joining her parents' gifts and hiding her new things: 'The shame of being poor was nothing like the shame of being sick,' she says.
By the time Hackney is ill, she's engaged to Sam, a fellow cosquegnant at Delice's and Church four years for sense, who intends to become a preacher. When he asks her to submit to a practice known as 'domestic disulphur' and associated with some con-
Evelyn Hackney, an eighth-generation Appalachian, and her grandfather in the Appalachian Mountains.
servative Christian subcultures. Hackney has to tangle the vitro (as did I). It turns out that Sam wants to 'spank' her any time she disrespects his authority. Though Hackney suspects the practice might be 'sensely justification
for domestic abuse,' she agrees to try it. What Sam hits her, she weighs more from embarrassment than pain.
The passage is difficult to read, but Hackney is too good a writer to cast herself wholly as a victim. She questions the 'resized sense of intimacy' she feels afterward. from she is asking to be spanned on a regular basis as a way to explain a generalized sense of guilt — felt that the spanking had 'aligned — at least temporarily — my initial wrongs, named the minors, disobedient nature. I was Jesus on the cross, shamed and ridiculed, sacrificing my pride and body for eternal sanctification.'
The crisis that precipitates the rupture between Hackney and Sam at once as a devastating shock, but it sets Hackney as a cause of self-discovery that, through doubt and loneliness and often painful separation from the religious culture of her upbringing, eventually propels her out of Tazewell County and into Harvard.
To her great credit, Hackney refuses to let her story become a heartening narrative of the manifestation of her high school, she struggles in her Harvard classes. 'Every lecture, every assignment and every conversation left me feeling corpseful, all either, as if
I were broadcasting at a slightly different frequency from everyone else.' She also misses home. Prejudices the 6 hoped to know behind, she now experiences from the other side: that 'peer-make presentation about her education and political views simply because of her nature, while in her business, she's considered too 'liberal' and elite to life.
The 'Crispian's Catholic crisis—found her work insufficiently religious, while her liberal crisis—thought she wrote too obsessively about 'religious brains.' Crispian's life and work took place in the no-mars land between these poles. That no-mars's land is Hackney's synthetic terrain. Her understands, with persistent insight, that beauty and truth others to the procrastical middle spaces between blacks and whites.
In Hackney's telling, there are no welfare-state villains or hard-working heroes. There are only individuals living, benefiting because with all their nuance and complexity. When it comes to writing about rural Appalachia, Hackney's memoir proves that an elegy is the last thing we need.
James Quatro is the author of the novels 'Fire Serious' and 'Two-Step Part.'
16 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION
LIVING
That crunch tastes so good
Scientists have theories on why consumers are drawn to foods that come with their own crackly soundtrack
BY EMILY FLEINCHAKER
To a food lover, there are few things: more devastating than biting price and slice of watermelon, a naggy sucker or a limp-scalibor pancake. But, according to scientists, our love of crunchy food may be innate and independent of culture.
You know that food cracking sound we hear when we bite into an apple? That signals to our brains that it has not
began to decompose and that it still has nutrients. "I believe it has its roots in our evolutionary history," said Megan Percy, a professor of food physics at the University of Leeds in England. "Crunchy foods were received as being fresh because the cells were still intact."
But our perception of freshness isn't limited to healthy fruits and veggies. In a 2004 study funded by Unilever, participants were asked to eat Priogles in a
soundproof tooth. When they heard a leader or higher frequency crunch sound as they were eating, they rated those chips as "brother." The participants did not know that researchers altered the sounds they heard, making them louder or softer.
Charles Spence, one of the study's authors and the head of a research laboratory at the University of Oxford in England that explores sensory interactions,
said our obsession with crunchy food is undesirable but still a mystery. He also offered the theory that noisy foods may simply be better as keeping our attention on the flavors in our mouth. "We are aware of them for longer than if we are eating something silent," he said.
In short, science can't explain why these recipes taste — and sound — so good. You'll enjoy them anyway. (And many more at nytimes.com/cooking.)
IN THE MIX
This Betty Lai McKinnon recipe is a must-cook when corn season hits. And it's great for a summer party because you make so much of it ahead of time. Mix the corn, black beans, cilantro and vinaigrette up to four hours ahead, then add the corn chips and avocado when it's time to eat.
FRESH CORN AND BLACK BEAN
SALAD WITH CORN CROPS
BY GETTY LAI MCKINNON TIME: 20 MINUTES YIELD: 4 TO 8 SEPARATES
For the Camin-Lime Dressing:
2 tablespoons fresh lime juice 2 garlic clove, grated 3 1/4 teaspoons ground cumin 1 teaspoon sugar 1/2 teaspoon crushed red pepper 2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil Salt and pepper
For the Salad:
4 cups fresh corn kernels (from 4 large sides) 2 (10-ounce) corn black beans, rinsed A big handful of cilantro leaves, chopped 4 cups/4 ounces corn tortilla chips, lightly crushed 1 to 2 ripe avocados, halved, pitted and roughly diced Hot sauce (optional), for serving
- Prepare the dressing: To a large bowl, add the lime juice, garlic, cumin, sugar, crushed red pepper and olive oil. Season with about 1 teaspoon of salt and a pinch of pepper and whisk to combine. Taste and check seasonings, adding more salt and pepper if needed.
- To the dressing, add the corn, black beans and cilantro. Toss to combine, taste and season with salt and pepper.
- When ready to eat, add the corn chips and avocados, and toss to combine. Oct with hot sauce, if using.
PHOTO: KATHLEEN W. TAYLOR, 2026. COOKS 4 TO 8 SEPARATES
OLE MISS AND BEYOND
This recipe comes from 3 Azar (black, eBook Series), who has made it for University of Mississippi (slighting pyrrhosis) one day on a freshman in 1982. It's a welcome addition to a table full of heavy letters like pulled pork, fined dip and devilled eggs. And it keeps for hours, so it's perfect for an all-day bang.
CRUNCHY RAMEN-BBOCCOLI
BLAW
ADAPTED FROM J. JAYE SHACKELFORD (AUGUST TIME: 20 MINUTES) YIELD: 8 SEPARATES
For the Dressing:
1/4 cup canola oil, or other neutral vegetable oil
1/2 cup apple cider vinegar
1/2 cup sugar
1 tablespoon soy sauce, plus more to taste
For the Salad:
2 heads broccoli (about 1/4 pound), florets removed and roughly chopped; stems peeled, julienned and cut into 2-inch pieces (see Tip) 1 medium carrot, peeled, julienned and cut into 2-inch pieces 1 cup shredded purple cabbage, about 1/2 pound (optional) 1/2 large red onion, diced 1 cup shivened almonds (hoasted if you feel like it) 1 cup sunflower seeds, roasted and salted 2 packages dried instant rumen noodles
-
Make the dressing: In a bident jar, combine the oil, vinegar, sugar and soy sauce. Shake to combine. Set aside.
-
To a large bowl, add the broccoli, carrot, cabbage, red onion, almonds and
sunflower seeds. Use a rolling pin to gently crush the rumen noodles in their packages. Open the packages and discard the seasoning sachets, then add the noodles to the top of the salad. If serving immediately, add the dressing, then toss well to combine until evenly coated. Taste and season with more soy sauce, if necessary, to balance the sweetness. (To make ahead, combine all salad ingredients except for the noodles and dressing, then add the noodles, dress and toss just before serving.) This salad is best the day it's made, but it wasps overnight in the fridge in an airtight container, although the noodles will soften.
Tip: If the thought of all of that chopping gets you down, you can hand chop the broccoli florets, then use a heat processor fitted with the shredding attachment to shred the broccoli stems, carrot and cabbage. Or, do like life, Hurley does, and use a 24-ounce package of broccoli slaw and call it a day.
NO CHICKEN REQUIRED
For an irreversible vegan version of chicken nuggets, try this recipe adapted from "Sweet Potato Seed Vegan Viber" by Jesse Claiborne. Home cooks love them: "I haven't had a chicken nugget in over 20 years so I can't speak to the replica aspect of this recipe but, I will say this: It's good," one reader wrote.
CRISPY TOFU NUGGETS
ADAPTED FROM "SWEET POTATO SOUL VEGAR VIBER" BY JAYNE CLAIBORNE (AUGUST 25/25 TIME: 45 MINUTES) YIELD: 9 SEPARATES
1 (14-ounce) black extra-firm tofu 2 tablespoons dill pickle brine or caper brine 2 tablespoons tamari 2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil 1/2 teaspoon organic cane sugar 1 tablespoon all-purpose flour 1 teaspoon garlic powder 1/2 teaspoon smoked paprika 1/2 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper 1/2 to 1 teaspoon sea salt, to taste
Cooking oil spray
Ketchup or vegan barbecue sauce, for serving
-
Press the tofu: Take the tofu out of the package. Line a container big enough to hold the block of tofu with several layers at paper towels or a clean kitchen towel. Place the tofu on top and add several more layers of paper towels. Balance a heavy weight (the a pan with some canned goods) and add more to 20 minutes.
-
Heat the air fryer to 375 degrees.
-
Use your hands to break the pressed tofu into nugget-size pieces, dropping them into large bowl. Throw can be as large or small as you'd like, but keep in mind that they will reduce in size as they cook.
-
In a separate bowl, mix the dill pickle brine, tamari, oil and sugar. Pour the mixture over the tofu and toss well. Sprinkle the flour, garlic powder, smoked paprika, pepper and salt over the tofu and stir to cook.
-
Spray a piece of parchment with some oil and place it on its bottom of the
proheated air-fryer basket. Transfer the tofu into the basket and spread evenly. Spray more oil onto the tops of the tofu nuggets.
-
Cook in the air fryer for 20 minutes, flipping halfway through. If the tofu is still out crispy after 20 minutes, cook for another 5 minutes, watching carefully on it doesn't burn.
-
Serve with ketchup.
Tips: To taste the tofu in the oven, heat the oven to 375 degrees. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper. Spread the nuggets out on the baking sheet evenly and spray with oil. Bake until golden brown and crispy on the edges, about 40 minutes, flipping halfway through.
Reheat leftover nuggets in an air fryer or toaster oven. In the air fryer, 5 minutes at 350 degrees should stir the tofu. In the oven, warm the nuggets at 350 degrees for 10 minutes. The tofu nuggets can be frozen for up to 3 months. Don't thaw before reheating — just reheat from frozen, either in the air fryer or the oven, following the original cooking instructions.
PHOTO: KATHLEEN W. TAYLOR, 2026. COOKS 4 TO 8 SEPARATES
QA Report - The New York Times International - 04.08.2026.pdf
Pipeline
- Extraction route: mistral-ocr
- extraction_route=mistral-ocr
- Translation chunks: 89
- Extraction warnings:
- [OCR-ROUTE] Scanned PDF detected; routing directly to MistralOCR.
Non-model Checks
- WARNING: translated output has low semantic coherence score (0.04)
- WARNING: Missing proper nouns in translation: Abraham Lincoln, Actress Peto, After Hackney, Air Quality Management District, All That, American Cents, American History, American Israel Public Affairs Committee, American League, American League Central
Model QA
PDF 翻译质量审核报告
审核结论： 存在严重质量问题 (Blocking Issues Found)
1. 关键缺陷 (Critical Defects)
A. 严重幻觉与内容错误 (Hallucinations & Wrong Information)
- 日期/数字紊乱： 在“报纸焦点”部分，翻译文本出现了一连串极其诡异的日期列表（2月4日 $\to$ 3月99日），而原文中该区域仅为图片或简短日期。这属于严重的模型幻觉。
- 地理/专有名词误译：
- 原文
Spanish esclave of Cents(应为 Ceuta 塞塔) $\to$ 译文在部分段落中将其误译为“美国塞塔人”或“塞塔”。 - 原文
SÃO TÔME AND PERCIST$\to$ 译文虽正确翻译为“圣多美和普林西比”，但后续段落中出现了Prisogor等奇怪的拼写。
- 原文
- 乱码/重复生成： 在“美国卫生与公共服务部”段落，译文出现了极其严重的重复循环（同一句子重复出现十余次），这是典型的模型崩溃/生成缺陷。
B. 翻译不忠实/误译 (Faithfulness Issues)
- 含义扭曲：
- 原文
a populous moment(此处原文疑似 OCR 错误，应为 pivotal/propitious) $\to$ 译文将其处理为“绝佳时机”，虽在语境下通顺，但缺乏对原文错误词汇的标注。 - 原文
anti-terrain stereotypes(OCR 错误，应为 anti-aircraft missiles) $\to$ 译文直接跳过或处理成“防空库存”，在不确定的情况下进行了过度猜测。 - 原文
domestic disulphur(OCR 错误，应为 domestic discipline) $\to$ 译文竟将其翻译为“家庭脱硫”，完全不合逻辑，属于未对 OCR 错误进行识别而强行直译。
- 原文
- 数字错误：
10 million在译文中被直接写成10 million(未翻译成中文数字)。0.7% coffee$\to$ 原文可能是0.7-ton或类似，译文直接翻译成“0.7% 咖啡”，逻辑不通。
C. 残留英语与格式问题 (Residual English & Formatting)
- 残留英文： 大量专有名词（如
TABLEF,FN3D2,C.B.I.,tamari）未进行妥善处理或标注。 - 截断/缺失： 在“纽约与悉尼之间”一段，译文在句子中途戛然而止，存在截断。
2. 细节错误 (Minor Defects)
- 术语不一致：
tamari在同一篇文档中时而译为“酱油”，时而保留英文。 - OCR 误导执行： 原文
BETHLEHEM UNIVERSITY...的重复段落被译文机械地重复翻译，未能识别为排版垃圾信息。
总结
该翻译件不可交付。不仅存在严重的模型幻觉（日期列表）和生成崩溃（句子重复），且在面对原文 OCR 错误时（如 disulphur $\to$ 脱硫）缺乏基本的常识校对，导致文本出现严重逻辑漏洞。